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The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and markers of cell proliferation and apoptosis, including, Bcl-2, Bax, Ki-67 and the type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor (IGF1-R) in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), present in the same surgical specimen. A total of 110 cases were evaluated using tissue microarrays. Cases were classified in scores from 0 to 3 according to pre-defined methods. The results showed that the positivity rates were COX-2 in 87% of cases in DCIS and IDC; Bcl-2 in 55% of cases in DCIS and IDC; Bax in 23% of cases in IDC and 19% in DCIS, IGF-1 in 24% of cases in DCIS and IDC; and Ki-67 in 81% of cases in DCIS and IDC. We also observed a positive correlation between the expression of COX-2 and IGF1-R (p=0.045). Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between the expression of COX-2 and IGF1-R in DCIS and IDC, demonstrating that they are involved in breast cancer carcinogenesis. Further studies are required to prove the effectiveness of COX-2 and IGF1-R inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, as well as to explain their mechanism of action.

OBJECTIVE: This study intends to verify the expression levels and correlation of aromatase, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and CD44 in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) when both are found in the same breast. METHODS: One hundred and ten cases were evaluated by tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemically screened with anti-aromatase polyclonal antibodies, anti-MMP-2 monoclonal antibodies, anti-MMP-9 policlonal antibodies and anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Aromatase was expressed in IDC and DCIS in 63 (57.3%) and 60 (67%) of the cases respectively; MMP-2 was similarly expressed in IDC and DCIS in 15 (13.60%) cases; MMP-9 was positively expressed in IDC and DCIS in 83 (75.50%) and 82 (74.50%) cases, respectively; CD44 was positively expressed in IDC and DCIS in 49 (44.50%) and 48 (42.60%) of the cases, respectively; all of them were highly correlated (p

OBJETIVO: avaliar a presença da ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) nos carcinomas de mama ductal in situ (CDIS) e ductal invasivo (CDI), no estroma adjacente normal e no epitélio. A correlação entre os níveis de expressão com os graus nuclear e histológico, tamanho do tumor e idade da paciente foi também analisada. MÉTODOS: foram incluídos 47 espécimes cirúrgicos provenientes de mastectomias e quadrantectomias com CDI e CDIS concomitantes, estádios clínicos I e II. Foram utilizados anticorpos policlonais anti-COX-2 para determinar a expressão da enzima. As amostras foram categorizadas em escores de zero a três, de acordo com a intensidade e o número de células coradas. RESULTADOS: COX-2 foi positivamente expressa em CDI, CDIS e epitélio normal em 86,7, 84,4 e 73,3% dos casos, respectivamente. Quanto ao grau nuclear (GN), a expressão da COX-2 foi positiva em 80% dos casos de GN-I; 81,5 e 78,9% de GN-II; e 88,5 e 96,1% de GN-III no CDIS e CDI, respectivamente. A expressão da COX-2 ocorreu em 78,9% dos CDIS com comedonecrose e em 89,3% sem comedonecrose. Quanto ao grau histológico (GH) do CDI, a COX-2 foi positiva em 83,3% de GH-I; 89,9% de GH-II e 80% de GH-III. Em relação ao diâmetro tumoral, COX-2 esteve presente em 86,1% de CDI e 83,3% de CDIS em tumores com >2 cm de diâmetro e 11% em CDI; e CDIS em tumores ≤ 2 cm. A faixa etária ≥ 50 anos apresentou 90% de expressão para CDI e 86,7% para CDIS, e 92,5% de COX-2 para ambos CDI e CDIS em pacientes com idade