1. IP-10 dried blood spots assay monitoring treatment efficacy in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a low-resource setting.
- Author
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Hoel IM, Jørstad MD, Marijani M, Ruhwald M, Mustafa T, and Dyrhol-Riise AM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Biomarkers blood, Coinfection blood, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, HIV Infections blood, HIV Infections complications, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Plasma chemistry, Treatment Outcome, Tuberculosis complications, Tuberculosis drug therapy, Tuberculosis economics, Young Adult, Chemokine CXCL10 blood, Dried Blood Spot Testing economics, Dried Blood Spot Testing methods, Tuberculosis blood
- Abstract
Treatment efficacy is difficult to evaluate in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients. Interferon-γ inducible protein (IP-)10 has been suggested as a biomarker for response to treatment. We have investigated if IP-10 from dried plasma spots (DPS) or dried blood spots (DBS) can be used in treatment monitoring of EPTB patients in a low-resource setting of Zanzibar. IP-10 levels in plasma, DPS and DBS samples collected before, during (2 months) and after TB treatment of 36 EPTB patients (6 culture and/or Xpert MTB/RIF positive and 30 clinically diagnosed) and 8 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There was a high positive correlation between IP-10 measured in plasma and DPS and DBS, respectively. We found a significant decline in IP-10 levels from baseline to end of treatment in plasma, DPS and DBS, both in EPTB and PTB patients. The declines were observed already after 2 months in HIV negative patients. In conclusion, the DPS/DBS IP-10 assay allows for easy and manageable monitoring in low-resource settings and our findings suggest that IP-10 may serve as a biomarker for treatment efficacy in EPTB patients, albeit further studies in cohorts of patients with treatment failure and relapse are needed.
- Published
- 2019
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