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Copyright of Family Medicine Forum / Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study includes an analysis of acute pancreatitis (AP) prognostic factors was performed as well as a critical review of the most important AP prognostic scales (APACHE II, Ranson, BISAP, SOFA, Marshall). The limitations of each scale were described. Simultaneously, the clinical applicability in the early prognostic AP stratification was presented, along with the clinical value of the alcoholic and gallstones etiology in the differential diagnosis. Pre-existing type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease significantly worsen the course of AP and should be included in the prognostic scale. It was shown that the diabetes coexisting with a HBA1C level above 6.5% significantly increases the mortality of AP patients and prolongs the period of hospitalization for 5 days. It was also observed that chronic kidney disease significantly increases the frequency of infective AP complications and raises 3-months mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mirczak Anna. Profilaktyka cukrzycy typu 2 w grupie osób starszych = Type 2 diabetes prevention among elderly people. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):109-122. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.192458 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4040 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.11.2016. Revised 22.11.2016. Accepted: 03.12.2016. Profilaktyka cukrzycy typu 2 w grupie osób starszych Type 2 diabetes prevention among elderly people Mirczak Anna Mirczak Anna Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Instytut Pracy Socjalnej, os. Stalowe 17, 31-922 Kraków Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute of Social Work, os. Stalowe 17, 31-922 Kraków Dr n.med. Mirczak Anna Mirczak Anna, PhD Słowa kluczowe: cukrzyca typu 2, profilaktyka, osoby starsze Key words: diabetes type 2, prevention, elderly Streszczenie Cukrzyca typu 2 jest poważną chorobą przewlekłą występującą powszechnie w grupie osób starszych. Późna diagnoza oraz niewłaściwe leczenie prowadzi do poważnych powikłań takich jak choroby układu krążenia, neuropatia, zespół stopy cukrzycowej i amputacji, niewydolność nerek oraz ślepota, których leczenie jest bardzo kosztowne. Cukrzyca typu 2 jest uwarunkowana czynnikami genetycznymi oraz środowiskowymi (niewłaściwy styl życia). Coraz powszechniejsze wstępowanie cukrzycy w społeczeństwie wynika jednak głównie z nadwagi, otyłości brzusznej oraz niskiej aktywności fizycznej. Badania pokazują, że poprzez modyfikacje stylu życia (dieta, aktywność fizyczna) można opóźniać i zapobiegać występowaniu cukrzycy w grypach ryzyka. W tym procesie niezwykle ważne są trzypoziomowe działania profilaktyczne. Profilaktyka pierwszej fazy oznacza zapobieganie cukrzycy poprzez zmianę stylu życia u osób zdrowych, profilaktyka drugiej fazy to zapobieganie występowaniu powikłaniom cukrzycy u osób z grupy ryzyka, natomiast profilaktyka trzeciorzędowa skierowana jest do osób chorych i polega na wczesnym wykrywaniu i odpowiednim leczeniu powikłań cukrzycy. Jednakże, pomimo iż cukrzyca jest chorobą często występującą wśród seniorów, wciąż brakuje badań klinicznych dotyczących specyfiki leczenia w tej grupie wiekowe, jak również doniesień na temat działań prewencyjnych. Celem pracy było przedstawienie zasad profilaktyki cukrzycy w grupie osób starszych na podstawie analizy dostępnej literatury. Dotychczasowe badania wskazują, że skuteczną metodą profilaktyki cukrzycy wśród seniorów jest optymalizacja poziomu glukozy we krwi poprzez zdrową dietę, aktywność fizyczną, kontrolę wartości trójglicerydów i ciśnienia tętniczego krwi, zmniejszenie masy ciała i unikanie używek. Abstract Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases among the elderly and is also a very serious health problem. If it is not diagnosed and treated properly it can lead to serious and costly complications such as cardiovascular disease, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic foot syndrome with amputations, renal failure and blindness. Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. The most significant factors are overweight, abdominal obesity and physical inactivity. Research has shown that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed in people at risk for the disease especially by lifestyle modification (healthy diet and exercises). All stages of prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary) are an important part of this process. Primary prevention is the delay or prevention of diabetes by lifestyle changes whilst secondary prevention is the prevention of diabetic complications through the optimization of glycemic control, and the avoidance and treatment of coexisting risk factors with tertiary prevention is the early detection and treatment of diabetic complication. However, despite the fact that diabetes type 2 is a disease most often occurs in older people still missing clinical trials for individual treatment in this age group, as well as the prevention strategies. The aim of the article was to present the principles of diabetes prevention in the elderly based on the analysis of the available literature. Existing evidence shown that the effective diabetes type 2 prevention among elderly is optimization level of glycemic by healthy diet, physical activity, triglycerides and blood pressure control, reduce weight and avoid alcohol and smoking.

Introduction. Conscientious compliance with medical prescriptions is a key element of the therapeutic process in patients with type 2 diabetes. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent and with what involvement the family members ofpatients with type 2 diabetes participate in selected activities related to the treatment of diabetes and whether it has any impact on metabolic control. Material and methods. A total of 136 patients with type 2 diabetes were examined. The research was conducted by means of physical examination, laboratory tests (glycosylated hemoglobin Alc, fasting glucose and lipid profile) and questionnaire survey assessing family members- participation in selected aspects of the therapeutic procedures in patients with diabetes. Results. The results of the study indicate that the extent of support and family involvement in helping the patient with type 2 diabetes are not satisfactory, and the received support is not reflected in better glycaemic control. The study showed a significant negligence not only in participation of family members but also of the patients themselves in diabetes education. Conclusions. The results indicate the need to intensify the education ofthe families ofpatients suffering from type 2 diabetes, so that they provide greater support to the sick, particularly in terms of compliance with dietary recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The chronic sensoric-motoric polineuropathy is the most frequent type of diabetes-related neuropaties. Most patients with neuropathy complains of the severe pain and paresthesias. The progressive neuropathy can be also the reason of many severe complications. Majority of drugs used as neuropathy management are symptomatic only with low efficacy and non-satisfactory tolerance. α-Lipoic acid is one of the few well tolerated substances which affect patogenetic mechanisms of neuro - pathy. Aim: The goal of our study was to elucidate if α-lipoic acid used in small doses is effective in the management of type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy independent on their current metabolic status. Material and methods: Thirty patients with diabetes type 2 and symptoms of chronic sensoric-motoric polineuropathy were examined. All patients were put on α-lipoic acid in total daily dose 600 mg within the subsequent 90 days. The neurological examination was carried out and metabolic control parameters were measured before and after the study. Results: It was found that α-lipoic acid induced withdrawal or decrease in neuropathy symptoms like pain and/or paresthesias and, what is especially significant, these effects were not dependent on the metabolic compensation. α-Lipoic acid reduced also neurologic deficits revealed before the study like sense of pain, pressure and temperature but these effects were weakened by the current metabolic deteriorations and therefore less evident. Conclusions: It could be stated as summary however, that management with oral a-lipoic acid in the dose 600 mg using Neurolipon- MIP 600 allows to achieve the clinical improvement in neurologic symptoms in patients with diabetes type 2 and chronic sensoric-motoric polineuropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)