Author: "J R, Harrison" / Topic: condensed matter physics - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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31 results on '"J R, Harrison"'

1. The role of edge plasma parameters in H-mode density limit on the JET-ILW

Author: A. Huber, J. Flanagan, H. J. Sun, J. Fessey, D. C. McDonald, E. de la Luna, S. Cramp, J. R. Harrison, M. Maslov, Robert James Goldston, Fulvio Militello, and Xueqiao Xu
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Jet (fluid), Plasma parameters, Physics::Plasma Physics, Mode (statistics), Density limit, Edge (geometry), Atomic physics, ddc:620, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract: A study of a dataset of JET H-mode plasma with the Be/W ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) shows that reaching the edge MHD ballooning limit leads to confinement degradation. However, unlike JET plasmas with a carbon wall (JET-C), the JET-ILW plasmas stay in a marginal dithering phase for a relatively long period, associated with a higher (≈20%) H-mode density limit (HDL) than JET-C equivalents. This suggests that ITER could be operated in H-mode with higher density than the scaling based on carbon wall devices, but likely with a dithering phase plasma with lower confinement. A new, reliable estimator for JET E r, min has been derived by combining HRTS measurements of pedestal gradient and edge-SOL decay lengths. JET radial E r ETB wells are observed in the range of −15 to −60 kV m−1 in high performance H-modes, consistent with previous CXRS results in ASDEX Upgrade. The results imply that a higher positive E × B shear in the near SOL plays a role in sustaining a marginal phase in JET-ILW which leads to a higher HDL than that in JET-C. The results of the JET-ILW dataset show agreement with the Goldston finite collisionality HD model for SOL broadening at high collisionality. A hypothesis for the dithering H-mode phase is proposed: as n e,SOL increases, ν ∗,SOL increases, SOL broadens, E r shear decreases, triggers L-mode; n e drops, ν ∗,SOL decreases, SOL becomes narrower, and E r shear increases, triggering H-mode, resulting in a cycle of H–L–H- oscillations. For burning plasma devices, such as ITER, operating just below the MHD limit for the dithering phase could be a promising regime for maximising core density, and fusion performance while minimising plasma-material interaction. The oscillatory signal during the dithering phase could be used as a precursor of undesirable plasma performance for control purposes.
Published: 2021

2. Development of a real-time algorithm for detection of the divertor detachment radiation front using multi-spectral imaging

Author: M. van Berkel, A. Kirk, S. A. Silburn, Christian Theiler, T. Ravensbergen, M.R. de Baar, EUROfusion Mst Team, A. Perek, Kevin Verhaegh, J. R. Harrison, W. A. J. Vijvers, Control Systems Technology, and Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, reconstruction, Multispectral image, Image processing, Radiation, divertor detachment, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, power, Optics, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, multispectral imaging, 010306 general physics, tokamak, Physics, Plane (geometry), business.industry, Divertor, Front (oceanography), Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, real-time analysis, business
Abstract: In this paper we present a novel algorithm to extract the optical plasma boundary and radiation front for detached divertor plasmas. We show that reliable detection of the divertor leg and radiation front is possible using lightweight image processing tools. Using a non-tomographic approach, the detected divertor leg and radiation front can be mapped to the poloidal plane. This approach is fast and accurate enough for real-time control purposes, allowing in particular real-time plasma shape and detachment control, and post-shot detachment physics and dynamics analysis.
Published: 2020

3. Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: From conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond

Author: G. Tomaž, M. Weiland, J. Gath, Antti Hakola, Kevin Verhaegh, A.J. Thornton, Matthew Carr, J. Juul Rasmussen, S. Costea, Jorge Morales, A. Perek, X. Feng, F. Pesamosca, Marcelo Baquero-Ruiz, N. Vianello, A. Dal Molin, N. M. T. Vu, D. Hogeweij, G. Calabrò, Tom Wauters, Christian Hopf, E. Alessi, Aitor J. Garrido, Justin Ball, Daniele Carnevale, A. Czarnecka, S. Garavaglia, G. Ferro, George Wilkie, N. Krawczyk, M. Nocente, H. De Oliveira, Ivo Furno, W. Bin, O. Chellai, Stefano Coda, Fulvio Auriemma, Yann Camenen, W. A. J. Vijvers, Christian Theiler, A. N. Karpushov, M. Faitsch, Jérôme Bucalossi, Paolo Ricci, Antoine Merle, T. C. Blanken, Cristian Galperti, Duccio Testa, Ambrogio Fasoli, Y. Andrebe, F. Bagnato, S. Nowak, J. R. Harrison, O. Vasilovici, M. E. Puiatti, Stefan Kragh Nielsen, J. S. Allcock, L. Calacci, Matteo Zuin, V. Piergotti, P. Chmielewski, P. Molina Cabrera, Taina Kurki-Suonio, D. Micheletti, Emanuele Poli, Nuno Cruz, M. Farnik, Jonathan Graves, Alessandro Pau, Olivier Février, N. A. Kirneva, Bruce Lipschultz, E. Lazzaro, E. Havlickova, G. Giruzzi, Jens Madsen, L. Stipani, D. Brida, Ch. Schlatter, M. Wensing, R. O. Pavlichenko, F. Nespoli, J. Decker, Eva Macusova, Fulvio Militello, Nicola Offeddu, Heinz Isliker, A. Zisis, A. Marco, Laurie Porte, Marco Gobbin, Anna Salmi, S. Vartanian, J. Sinha, Matthias Komm, M. Spolaore, Anders Nielsen, T. Happel, R. D. Nem, A. Iantchenko, V.V. Plyusnin, C. Tsironis, V. Igochine, R. M. McDermott, Pär Strand, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, T. Ravensbergen, V. P. Loschiavo, H. Arnichand, E. Viezzer, Fabio Villone, Carlo Sozzi, Z. Huang, V. Pericoli Ridolfini, B. Linehan, L. Hesslow, P. Buratti, A. Casolari, M. Bernert, P. Mantica, H. Weisen, J-M Moret, Maiko Yoshida, N. Bonanomi, S. Feng, A. A. Teplukhina, Jakub Urban, F. Carpanese, C. Piron, S. Allan, Minh Quang Tran, C. Marini, Artur Palha, F.P. Orsitto, Roberto Ambrosino, A. S. Tema Biwole, Harry M. Meyer, Davide Galassi, J. Mlynář, N. Christen, M. Wischmeier, Mathias Hoppe, P. David, J. Horacek, M. Maraschek, G. Ciraolo, R. R. Sheeba, J. Zebrowski, M. Dreval, M. Silva, K. Gałązka, Olivier Sauter, Laure Vermare, A. Gallo, C. Reux, M. Gospodarczyk, O. Bogar, Roman Schrittwieser, C. Marchetto, Patrick J. McCarthy, Joël Rosato, G. Pucella, K. Wu, Volker Naulin, Bojan Mavkov, S. Elmore, Lorella Carraro, Gustavo Granucci, Christopher N. Bowman, O. Kudlacek, M. Gruca, A. Jardin, Federico Felici, Didier Mazon, D. C. van Vugt, D. Douai, Jose Boedo, Raffaele Albanese, U. A. Sheikh, Hugo Bufferand, R. Lombroni, T. Pütterich, Benedikt Geiger, X. Llobet, Izaskun Garrido, J.-Ph. Hogge, J. Ayllon-Guerola, Nicolas Fedorczak, Timothy Goodman, A. Mariani, E. Maljaars, Matteo Agostini, Lorenzo Frassinetti, S. E. Sharapov, C.K. Tsui, Vladimir E. Moiseenko, Robert Mumgaard, Amanda Hubbard, L. Pigatto, F. Matos, D. S. Gahle, Roberto Maurizio, I. Voitsekhovitch, Paolo Zanca, J. Buermans, A. Fil, T. Lunt, S. S. Henderson, D. Ricci, M. Kong, Ondrej Ficker, Matthias Wiesenberger, L. Cordaro, P. Innocente, Roberto Paccagnella, Benoit Labit, N. Rispoli, M. Rabinski, G. F. Harrer, Roch Kwiatkowski, A. Moro, A. A. Beletskii, M. Vallar, M. Reich, F. Reimold, P. Piovesan, Mirko Salewski, J. Hawke, Giuseppe Gorini, J. Čeřovský, F. Causa, H. Reimerdes, B. Esposito, Jernej Kovacic, P. V. Kazantzidis, H. Anand, Gergely Papp, M. Valisa, K. Mitosinkova, Vlado Menkovski, F. Bombarda, M. Fontana, Tommaso Bolzonella, Pascale Hennequin, T. Gyergyek, D. L. Keeling, T. Eich, M. Garcia-Munoz, Stefano Alberti, P. Blanchard, F. Bouquey, R. Shousha, M. Scheffer, B. S. Schneider, R. Jacquier, D. Choi, Nick Walkden, Ola Embréus, C. Ionita Schrittwieser, S. Saarelma, J. Garcia, M. G. Dunne, M. Tomes, R. Zagórski, Y. R. Martin, A. Kappatou, B. P. Duval, T. Tala, Swiss National Science Foundation, Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas (CRPP), Department of Physics [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre [Abingdon], York Plasma Institute (YPI), University of York [York, UK], Faculty of Mathematics and Physics [Praha/Prague], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), University College Cork (UCC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering [Aalborg] (M-TECH), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa] (IPFN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alberti, S, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Frisina, M, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Poli, E, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Tema Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zebrowski, J, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Observatoire de Paris, Coda, S., Agostini, M., Albanese, R., Alberti, S., Alessi, E., Allan, S., Allcock, J., Ambrosino, R., Anand, H., Andrebe, Y., Arnichand, H., Auriemma, F., Ayllon-Guerola, J. M., Bagnato, F., Ball, J., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Beletskii, A. A., Bernert, M., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T. C., Boedo, J. A., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Bonanomi, N., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brida, D., Bucalossi, J., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Calabro, G., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Carr, M., Carraro, L., Casolari, A., Causa, F., Cerovsky, J., Chellai, O., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Christen, N., Ciraolo, G., Cordaro, L., Costea, S., Cruz, N., Czarnecka, A., Dal Molin, A., David, P., Decker, J., De Oliveira, H., Douai, D., Dreval, M. B., Dudson, B., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Eich, T., Elmore, S., Embreus, O., Esposito, B., Faitsch, M., Farnik, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Feng, S., Feng, X., Ferro, G., Fevrier, O., Ficker, O., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Gahle, D. S., Galassi, D., Galazka, K., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Garrido, A. J., Garrido, I., Gath, J., Geiger, B., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Graves, J. P., Gruca, M., Gyergyek, T., Hakola, A., Happel, T., Harrer, G. F., Harrison, J., Havlickova, E., Hawke, J., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Hesslow, L., Hogeweij, D., Hogge, J. -P., Hopf, C., Hoppe, M., Horacek, J., Huang, Z., Hubbard, A., Iantchenko, A., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Jacquier, R., Jardin, A., Kappatou, A., Karpushov, A., Kazantzidis, P. -V., Keeling, D., Kirneva, N., Komm, M., Kong, M., Kovacic, J., Krawczyk, N., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwiatkowski, R., Labit, B., Lazzaro, E., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Lombroni, R., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Madsen, J., Maljaars, E., Mantica, P., Maraschek, M., Marchetto, C., Marco, A., Mariani, A., Marini, C., Martin, Y., Matos, F., Maurizio, R., Mavkov, B., Mazon, D., Mccarthy, P., Mcdermott, R., Menkovski, V., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Micheletti, D., Militello, F., Mitosinkova, K., Mlynar, J., Moiseenko, V., Molina Cabrera, P. A., Morales, J., Moret, J. -M., Moro, A., Mumgaard, R. T., Naulin, V., Nem, R. D., Nespoli, F., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Offeddu, N., Orsitto, F. P., Paccagnella, R., Palha, A., Papp, G., Pau, A., Pavlichenko, R. O., Perek, A., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Pesamosca, F., Piergotti, V., Pigatto, L., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Plyusnin, V., Poli, E., Porte, L., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Putterich, T., Rabinski, M., Juul Rasmussen, J., Ravensbergen, T., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reux, C., Ricci, D., Ricci, P., Rispoli, N., Rosato, J., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sauter, O., Scheffer, M., Schlatter, C., Schneider, B. S., Schrittwieser, R., Sharapov, S., Sheeba, R. R., Sheikh, U., Shousha, R., Silva, M., Sinha, J., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stipani, L., Strand, P., Tala, T., Tema Biwole, A. S., Teplukhina, A. A., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Tomaz, G., Tomes, M., Tran, M. Q., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C. K., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallar, M., Van Vugt, D., Vartanian, S., Vasilovici, O., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Viezzer, E., Vijvers, W. A. J., Villone, F., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vu, N. M. T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weisen, H., Wensing, M., Wiesenberger, M., Wilkie, G., Wischmeier, M., Wu, K., Yoshida, M., Zagorski, R., Zanca, P., Zebrowski, J., Zisis, A., Zuin, M., Coda, S. et al, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear., Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Fabricación, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP111: Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, EUROfusion MST1 Team, Control Systems Technology, Data Mining, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, and Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic Stability of Fusion Plasmas
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Settore ING-INF/04, TK, UPGRADE, Cyclotron, Overview, Cyclotron resonance, overview, CONFINEMENT, DETACHMENT, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], CONTROL-SYSTEM, 0103 physical sciences, EUROfusion, 010306 general physics, tokamak, QC, plasma, nuclear fusion, Physics, PLASMA, Divertor, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, Mechanics, TCV, MST1, Condensed Matter Physics, Neutral beam injection, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, confinement, detachment, Nuclear fusion, control-system, upgrade, TCV, MST1, Beam (structure), Tokamaks
Abstract: The research program of the TCV tokamak ranges from conventional to advanced-tokamak scenarios and alternative divertor configurations, to exploratory plasmas driven by theoretical insight, exploiting the device's unique shaping capabilities. Disruption avoidance by real-time locked mode prevention or unlocking with electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was thoroughly documented, using magnetic and radiation triggers. Runaway generation with high-Z noble-gas injection and runaway dissipation by subsequent Ne or Ar injection were studied for model validation. The new 1 MW neutral beam injector has expanded the parameter range, now encompassing ELMy H-modes in an ITER-like shape and nearly non-inductive H-mode discharges sustained by electron cyclotron and neutral beam current drive. In the H-mode, the pedestal pressure increases modestly with nitrogen seeding while fueling moves the density pedestal outwards, but the plasma stored energy is largely uncorrelated to either seeding or fueling. High fueling at high triangularity is key to accessing the attractive small edge-localized mode (type-II) regime. Turbulence is reduced in the core at negative triangularity, consistent with increased confinement and in accord with global gyrokinetic simulations. The geodesic acoustic mode, possibly coupled with avalanche events, has been linked with particle flow to the wall in diverted plasmas. Detachment, scrape-off layer transport, and turbulence were studied in L- and H-modes in both standard and alternative configurations (snowflake, super-X, and beyond). The detachment process is caused by power 'starvation' reducing the ionization source, with volume recombination playing only a minor role. Partial detachment in the H-mode is obtained with impurity seeding and has shown little dependence on flux expansion in standard single-null geometry. In the attached L-mode phase, increasing the outer connection length reduces the in-out heat-flow asymmetry. A doublet plasma, featuring an internal X-point, was achieved successfully, and a transport barrier was observed in the mantle just outside the internal separatrix. In the near future variable-configuration baffles and possibly divertor pumping will be introduced to investigate the effect of divertor closure on exhaust and performance, and 3.5 MW ECRH and 1 MW neutral beam injection heating will be added., This work was supported in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation.
Published: 2019

4. Dependence on plasma shape and plasma fueling for small edge-localized mode regimes in TCV and ASDEX Upgrade

Author: V. Piergotti, F. Pesamosca, Bogdan Hnat, A. Sperduti, A. Krivska, J. Vicente, Panagiotis Tolias, Emanuele Poli, Matthias Hoelzl, Benedikt Geiger, A. Jardin, J. Ayllon-Guerola, G. Apruzzese, T. Lunt, J. Galdon-Quiroga, Riccardo Maggiora, M. Tardocchi, M. Koubiti, T. Jonsson, Bruce Lipschultz, P. Innocente, A. Gude, I Miron, M. G. Dunne, G. F. Harrer, A. Moro, A. Iantchenko, K. Galazka, P. Poloskei, K. Bogar, Roberto Ambrosino, G. Ferr, Vladimir E. Moiseenko, Istvan Cziegler, L. Guimarais, S. Vartanian, B. Erds, G. Pucella, V. Bobkov, James Buchanan, Raffaele Albanese, Harry M. Meyer, D. Boeyaert, G. F. Matthews, Eva Macusova, V. S. Marchenko, R. Zagórski, J. Buermans, A. Fil, W. Zhang, Giuseppe Gorini, B. Tal, D. Zaloga, Hugo Bufferand, A. Romano, L. Colas, J. Zebrowski, M. Weiland, L. Barrera-Orte, Matjaž Panjan, A.J. Thornton, E. Wolfrum, Miglena Dimitrova, R. M. McDermott, R. Lombroni, O. Tudisco, F. Reimold, E. R. Solano, X. Feng, Petra Bilkova, M. Groth, E. Alessi, D. S. Gahle, Olivier Février, I. Voitsekhovitch, Matthew Carr, A. Bock, O. Vasilovici, C. Ham, Lorenzo Figini, Guglielmo Rubinacci, Peter Lang, Pierre Manas, S. Costea, A. Kirk, F. Causa, J. Adamek, Vu N. M. T., M. Cavedon, O. Grover, Geert Verdoolaege, M. Spolaore, L. Sanchis-Sanchez, P. Bohm, P. V. Kazantzidis, Sarah Newton, M. Tomes, M.-L. Mayoral, J. R. Harrison, C. Mazzotta, H. Reimerdes, Jorge Morales, D. Brunetti, J. Gonzalez-Martin, Tomas Markovic, S. S. Henderson, D. Ricci, J. Juul Rasmussen, F. Janky, S. Saarelma, Z. Popovic, C. Tsironis, J. J. Rasmussen, S. K. Hansen, Sandra C. Chapman, Volker Naulin, H. Arnichand, Roberto Paccagnella, M. Faitsch, Anders Nielsen, M. Kong, V. Igochine, C. Piron, C. Bowman, Jorge Ferreira, D. Sytnykov, K. G. McClements, Olivier Sauter, Ondrej Ficker, Matthias Wiesenberger, T. Ravensbergen, C. Reux, Irena Ivanova-Stanik, Dirk Reiser, M. Bernert, M. Vallar, J-M Moret, M. Gruca, D. I. Refy, P. Cano Megias, Benoit Labit, M. Schubert, Giuliana Sias, O. Bogar, P. J. Mc Carthy, I. Faust, Gergely Papp, F. Matos, J. Garcia, C. Marini, E. L. Sorokovoy, Dimitri Voltolina, George Wilkie, J. M. Santos, R. R. Sheeba, Vladimir Weinzettl, Sergei Kasilov, J. Cerovsky, Matteo Agostini, G. Tardini, Laurie Porte, F. Dolizy, L. Gil, Matthias Komm, A. Dal Molin, B. Sieglin, Roch Kwiatkowski, M. C. C Messmer, Toke Koldborg Jensen, Vinodh Bandaru, Ben F. McMillan, Alessandra Fanni, Daniele Carnevale, Shimpei Futatani, D. P. Coster, V. Korovin, S. E. Sharapov, Patrik Ollus, J. Gath, A. Czarnecka, D. Gallart, M. Peterka, P. Vallejos Olivares, Jernej Kovacic, Nicolas Fedorczak, Silvio Ceccuzzi, L. Piron, J. Rosato, G. Kocsis, Stefan Kragh Nielsen, M. Garcia-Mu oz, Radomir Panek, S. F. Smith, Paolo Bettini, A. Mariani, R. Dejarnac, Lorenzo Frassinetti, D. Douai, L. Garzotti, H. J. Sun, C.K. Tsui, N. den Harder, John Elmerdahl Olsen, F. Bombarda, M. Francesco, Piero Martin, D. Hogeweij, P. Blanchard, F. Bouquey, Gabor Por, Luca Boncagni, Carlo Sozzi, Martin Hron, P. A. Schneider, V. P. Loschiavo, David Terranova, D. Aguiam, D. Choi, M. Gobbin, D. Iglesias, M. Reich, G. Avdeeva, A. Gallo, O. Biletskyi, M. Aradi, F. Liu, M. Griener, Antti Snicker, L. Kripner, Jérôme Bucalossi, L. Hesslow, Nick Walkden, M. Rodriguez-Ramos, T. C. Blanken, Cristian Galperti, F. Jaulmes, G. Calabr, G.A. Rattá, W. Bin, S. Garavaglia, V. Plyusnin, Andreas Frank Martitsch, A. Zisis, Rita Lorenzini, Duccio Testa, M. Passeri, Ola Embréus, N. Krawczyk, K. Särkimäki, Davide Galassi, D. Samaddar, M. Oberkofler, E. Seliunin, D. Brida, P. Buratti, F. Nabais, J. Ongena, J. Likonen, Yann Camenen, M. J. Mantsinen, F. Carpanese, S. Wiesen, P. Piovesan, Mirko Salewski, J. Hawke, Florian Laggner, R. Bilato, M. Wischmeier, L. Pigatto, G. I. Pokol, G. Giruzzi, Jens Madsen, D. Gadariya, L. Stipani, Christian Theiler, J. Stober, Michael Barnes, Timothy Goodman, R. D. Nem, J. J. Dominguez-Palacios Duran, F. Militello, Y. Kulyk, D. J. Cruz Zabala, A. Drenik, P. Manz, M. Scheffer, V. Pericoli Radolfini, B. Tilia, John Omotani, B. Vanovac, B. S. Schneider, E. Fable, Jakub Urban, T. Gyergyek, A. N. Karpushov, M. Farnik, Jakub Seidl, Christopher G. Albert, Antoine Merle, A. Cathey, D. A. Ryan, Sergio Galeani, R. Scannell, A. Havranek, G. de Carolis, C. Soria-Hoyo, S. Gibson, D. Carralero, D. Meshcheriakov, Morten Stejner, B. P. Duval, Francesco Cordella, Mitja Kelemen, Svetlana V. Ratynskaia, Stefano Coda, L. Calacci, C. Cianfarani, Faa Federico Felici, A. C. A. Figueiredo, L. Panaccione, E. Viezzer, Fabio Villone, Daniele Milanesio, Winfried Kernbichler, Mario Sassano, A. Teplukhina, S. Zoletnik, L. Laguardia, P. Molina Cabrera, Taina Kurki-Suonio, D. Micheletti, P. Zanca, Daniel Dunai, S. Feng, J. Decker, Stylianos Varoutis, Lorella Carraro, M. Wensing, Gustavo Granucci, Artur Palha, A. Kappatou, J. Garcia-Lopez, Felix I. Parra, Ye. O. Kazakov, S. Brezinsek, Didier Mazon, A. Lahtinen, I. Paradela Perez, P. Chmielewski, L. Giacomelli, Alessandro Pau, Gianluca Spizzo, R. Delogu, R. J. Akers, H. De Oliveira, Petr Vondracek, F. P. Orsitto, J. Hobirk, L. Xiang, A. Burckhart, B. Maljaars, V. Petrzilka, Ocleto D'Arcangelo, P. David, D. Grekov, Tamás Szepesi, Y. Andr be, P. Hacek, M. Toscano-Jimenez, T. Pütterich, L. Cordaro, V. Nikolaeva, F. Orain, M. Rabinski, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser, T. Tala, Maria Ester Puiatti, A. Casolari, T. Happel, Pär Strand, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, P. Mantica, Z. Huang, D. Colette, G. Ciraolo, Jan Mlynar, W. Suttrop, C. Meineri, J. Horacek, Seppo Sipilä, M. Gospodarczyk, S. Mastrostefano, Jesús Vega, Antti Hakola, Kevin Verhaegh, Roman Schrittwieser, C. Marchetto, M. Willensdorfer, Jari Varje, D. C. van Vugt, J. Faustin, Mathias Hoppe, M. Dreval, A. Perek, C. Angioni, Laure Vermare, U. A. Sheikh, J. F. Rivero-Rodriguez, G. Rubino, S.N. Reznik, Tsv K Popov, S. Nowak, A. S. Jacobsen, J. R. Martin Solis, David Moulton, Heinz Isliker, K. Wu, Anna Salmi, F. Nespoli, S. Elmore, O. Kudlacek, A. Kallenbach, Rok Zaplotnik, D. L. Keeling, L. Giannone, M. Maraschek, Carlos B. da Silva, F. Hitzler, M. Valovic, M. W. Jakubowski, L. Gabellieri, Jozef Varju, Marco Cecconello, M. Valisa, Vlado Menkovski, Gábor Cseh, E. Thoren, T. Eich, R. Coelho, F. Bagnato, Matteo Zuin, Alexander Kendl, G. Rocchi, G. Pautasso, D. Naydenkova, R. O. Pavlichenko, M. Fontana, Lionello Marrelli, Tommaso Bolzonella, Nicola Vianello, Pascale Hennequin, R. Ochoukov, Tom Wauters, Christian Hopf, Ch. Fuchs, E. Giovannozzi, Fulvio Auriemma, Roberto Maurizio, Stefan Buller, Massimo Nocente, K. Krieger, G. Grenfell, N. Rispoli, R. Dux, Barbara Cannas, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Labit, B., Eich, T., Harrer, G. F., Wolfrum, E., Bernert, M., Dunne, M. G., Frassinetti, L., Hennequin, P., Maurizio, R., Merle, A., Meyer, H., Saarelma, S., Sheikh, U., Adamek, J., Agostini, M., Aguiam, D., Akers, R., Albanese, R., Albert, C., Alessi, E., Ambrosino, R., Andr be, Y., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Aradi, M., Arnichand, H., Auriemma, F., Avdeeva, G., Ayllon-Guerola, J. M., Bagnato, F., Bandaru, V. K., Barnes, M., Barrera-Orte, L., Bettini, P., Bilato, R., Biletskyi, O., Bilkova, P., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T., Bobkov, V., Bock, A., Boeyaert, D., Bogar, K., Bogar, O., Bohm, P., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Boncagni, L., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brunetti, D., Bucalossi, J., Buchanan, J., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buller, S., Buratti, P., Burckhart, A., Calabr, G., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Cannas, B., Cano Megias, P., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Casolari, A., Cathey, A., Causa, F., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Cerovsky, J., Chapman, S., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Cianfarani, C., Ciraolo, G., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Colas, L., Colette, D., Cordaro, L., Cordella, F., Costea, S., Coster, D., Cruz Zabala, D. J., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Cziegler, I., D'Arcangelo, O., Dal Molin, A., David, P., De Carolis, G., De Oliveira, H., Decker, J., Dejarnac, R., Delogu, R., Den Harder, N., Dimitrova, M., Dolizy, F., Dominguez-Palacios Duran, J. J., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Dreval, M., Dudson, B., Dunai, D., Duval, B. P., Dux, R., Elmore, S., Embreus, O., Erds, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fanni, A., Farnik, M., Faust, I., Faustin, J., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Feng, S., Feng, X., Ferreira, J., Ferr, G., Fevrier, O., Ficker, O., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Francesco, M., Fuchs, C., Futatani, S., Gabellieri, L., Gadariya, D., Gahle, D., Galassi, D., Galazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Gallo, A., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Lopez, J., Garcia-Mu oz, M., Garzotti, L., Gath, J., Geiger, B., Giacomelli, L., Giannone, L., Gibson, S., Gil, L., Giovannozzi, E., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Gonzalez-Martin, J., Goodman, T. P., Gorini, G., Gospodarczyk, M., Granucci, G., Grekov, D., Grenfell, G., Griener, M., Groth, M., Grover, O., Gruca, M., Gude, A., Guimarais, L., Gyergyek, T., Hacek, P., Hakola, A., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Havranek, A., Hawke, J., Henderson, S., Hesslow, L., Hitzler, F., Hnat, B., Hobirk, J., Hoelzl, M., Hogeweij, D., Hopf, C., Hoppe, M., Horacek, J., Hron, M., Huang, Z., Iantchenko, A., Iglesias, D., Igochine, V., Innocente, P., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isliker, H., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacobsen, A., Jakubowski, M., Janky, F., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jensen, T., Jonsson, T., Kallenbach, A., Kappatou, A., Karpushov, A., Kasilov, S., Kazakov, Y., Kazantzidis, P. V., Keeling, D., Kelemen, M., Kendl, A., Kernbichler, W., Kirk, A., Kocsis, G., Komm, M., Kong, M., Korovin, V., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Krawczyk, N., Krieger, K., Kripner, L., Krivska, A., Kudlacek, O., Kulyk, Y., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwiatkowski, R., Laggner, F., Laguardia, L., Lahtinen, A., Lang, P., Likonen, J., Lipschultz, B., Liu, F., Lombroni, R., Lorenzini, R., Loschiavo, V. P., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Madsen, J., Maggiora, R., Maljaars, B., Manas, P., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M. J., Manz, P., Maraschek, M., Marchenko, V., Marchetto, C., Mariani, A., Marini, C., Markovic, T., Marrelli, L., Martin, P., Martin Solis, J. R., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Matos, F., Matthews, G., Mayoral, M. -L., Mazon, D., Mazzotta, C., Mc Carthy, P., Mcclements, K., Mcdermott, R., Mcmillan, B., Meineri, C., Menkovski, V., Meshcheriakov, D., Messmer, M., Micheletti, D., Milanesio, D., Militello, F., Miron, I. G., Mlynar, J., Moiseenko, V., Molina Cabrera, P. A., Morales, J., Moret, J. -M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Nabais, F., Naulin, V., Naydenkova, D., Nem, R. D., Nespoli, F., Newton, S., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Ochoukov, R., Ollus, P., Olsen, J., Omotani, J., Ongena, J., Orain, F., Orsitto, F. P., Paccagnella, R., Palha, A., Panaccione, L., Panek, R., Panjan, M., Papp, G., Paradela Perez, I., Parra, F., Passeri, M., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pavlichenko, R., Perek, A., Pericoli Radolfini, V., Pesamosca, F., Peterka, M., Petrzilka, V., Piergotti, V., Pigatto, L., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Piron, L., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poli, E., Poloskei, P., Popov, T., Popovic, Z., Por, G., Porte, L., Pucella, G., Puiatti, M. E., Putterich, T., Rabinski, M., Juul Rasmussen, J., Rasmussen, J., Ratta, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Ravensbergen, T., Refy, D., Reich, M., Reimerdes, H., Reimold, F., Reiser, D., Reux, C., Reznik, S., Ricci, D., Rispoli, N., Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F., Rocchi, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Romano, A., Rosato, J., Rubinacci, G., Rubino, G., Ryan, D. A., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Samaddar, D., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sarkimaki, K., Sassano, M., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scheffer, M., Schneider, B. S., Schneider, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Seidl, J., Seliunin, E., Sharapov, S., Sheeba, R. R., Sias, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Sipila, S., Smith, S., Snicker, A., Solano, E. R., Hansen, S. K., Soria-Hoyo, C., Sorokovoy, E., Sozzi, C., Sperduti, A., Spizzo, G., Spolaore, M., Stejner, M., Stipani, L., Stober, J., Strand, P., Sun, H., Suttrop, W., Sytnykov, D., Szepesi, T., Tal, B., Tala, T., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teplukhina, A., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thoren, E., Thornton, A., Tilia, B., Tolias, P., Tomes, M., Toscano-Jimenez, M., Tsironis, C., Tsui, C., Tudisco, O., Urban, J., Valisa, M., Vallar, M., Vallejos Olivares, P., Valovic, M., Van Vugt, D., Vanovac, B., Varje, J., Varju, J., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vasilovici, O., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhaegh, K., Vermare, L., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Villone, F., Voitsekhovitch, I., Voltolina, D., Vondracek, P., Vu, N. M. T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weiland, M., Weinzettl, V., Wensing, M., Wiesen, S., Wiesenberger, M., Wilkie, G., Willensdorfer, M., Wischmeier, M., Wu, K., Xiang, L., Zagorski, R., Zaloga, D., Zanca, P., Zaplotnik, R., Zebrowski, J., Zhang, W., Zisis, A., Zoletnik, S., Zuin, M., Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Vienna University of Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Université Paris-Saclay, JET, Czech Academy of Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, University of Lisbon, University of Naples Federico II, Graz University of Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, University of Seville, University of Oxford, EUROfusion Programme Management Unit, National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, CEA, University of York, Royal Military Academy, Chalmers University of Technology, Tuscia University, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, CNRS, University of Cagliari, CIEMAT, Uppsala University, University of Warwick, Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, University of Innsbruck, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Durham University, BarcelonaTech, University of Strathclyde, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, University of Milan - Bicocca, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fusion and Plasma Physics, J. Stefan Institute, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Technical University of Athens, National Centre for Nuclear Research, University of Helsinki, Université Côte d'Azur, Polytechnic University of Turin, NASU - Institute of Nuclear Research, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, University College Cork, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Ghent University, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Labit, B, Eich, T, Harrer, G, Wolfrum, E, Bernert, M, Dunne, M, Frassinetti, L, Hennequin, P, Maurizio, R, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Saarelma, S, Sheikh, U, Adamek, J, Agostini, M, Aguiam, D, Akers, R, Albanese, R, Albert, C, Alessi, E, Ambrosino, R, Andr be, Y, Angioni, C, Apruzzese, G, Aradi, M, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Avdeeva, G, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Bandaru, V, Barnes, M, Barrera-Orte, L, Bettini, P, Bilato, R, Biletskyi, O, Bilkova, P, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Boeyaert, D, Bogar, K, Bogar, O, Bohm, P, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Boncagni, L, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brunetti, D, Bucalossi, J, Buchanan, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buller, S, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Calabr, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Cannas, B, Cano Megias, P, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Cathey, A, Causa, F, Cavedon, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cerovsky, J, Chapman, S, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Cianfarani, C, Ciraolo, G, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Colas, L, Colette, D, Cordaro, L, Cordella, F, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cruz Zabala, D, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, Dal Molin, A, David, P, De Carolis, G, De Oliveira, H, Decker, J, Dejarnac, R, Delogu, R, Den Harder, N, Dimitrova, M, Dolizy, F, Dominguez-Palacios Duran, J, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunai, D, Duval, B, Dux, R, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Erds, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fanni, A, Farnik, M, Faust, I, Faustin, J, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferreira, J, Ferr, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Figini, L, Figueiredo, A, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Francesco, M, Fuchs, C, Futatani, S, Gabellieri, L, Gadariya, D, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Galeani, S, Gallart, D, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Lopez, J, Garcia-Mu oz, M, Garzotti, L, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giacomelli, L, Giannone, L, Gibson, S, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Gonzalez-Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Grekov, D, Grenfell, G, Griener, M, Groth, M, Grover, O, Gruca, M, Gude, A, Guimarais, L, Gyergyek, T, Hacek, P, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Harrison, J, Havranek, A, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hesslow, L, Hitzler, F, Hnat, B, Hobirk, J, Hoelzl, M, Hogeweij, D, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Hron, M, Huang, Z, Iantchenko, A, Iglesias, D, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacobsen, A, Jakubowski, M, Janky, F, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jensen, T, Jonsson, T, Kallenbach, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kelemen, M, Kendl, A, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kocsis, G, Komm, M, Kong, M, Korovin, V, Koubiti, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Krieger, K, Kripner, L, Krivska, A, Kudlacek, O, Kulyk, Y, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Laggner, F, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Lang, P, Likonen, J, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Lombroni, R, Lorenzini, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maljaars, B, Manas, P, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Marchenko, V, Marchetto, C, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Markovic, T, Marrelli, L, Martin, P, Martin Solis, J, Martitsch, A, Mastrostefano, S, Matos, F, Matthews, G, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mc Carthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mcdermott, R, Mcmillan, B, Meineri, C, Menkovski, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Messmer, M, Micheletti, D, Milanesio, D, Militello, F, Miron, I, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Moulton, D, Nabais, F, Naulin, V, Naydenkova, D, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Newton, S, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Ochoukov, R, Ollus, P, Olsen, J, Omotani, J, Ongena, J, Orain, F, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Panaccione, L, Panek, R, Panjan, M, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Parra, F, Passeri, M, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Radolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Peterka, M, Petrzilka, V, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Poloskei, P, Popov, T, Popovic, Z, Por, G, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravensbergen, T, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Reux, C, Reznik, S, Ricci, D, Rispoli, N, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Romano, A, Rosato, J, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ryan, D, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Samaddar, D, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sarkimaki, K, Sassano, M, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Scheffer, M, Schneider, B, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Seidl, J, Seliunin, E, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sias, G, Sieglin, B, Silva, C, Sipila, S, Smith, S, Snicker, A, Solano, E, Hansen, S, Soria-Hoyo, C, Sorokovoy, E, Sozzi, C, Sperduti, A, Spizzo, G, Spolaore, M, Stejner, M, Stipani, L, Stober, J, Strand, P, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytnykov, D, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teplukhina, A, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thoren, E, Thornton, A, Tilia, B, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Toscano-Jimenez, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Tudisco, O, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Vallejos Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van Vugt, D, Vanovac, B, Varje, J, Varju, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Voltolina, D, Vondracek, P, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weinzettl, V, Wensing, M, Wiesen, S, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Willensdorfer, M, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Xiang, L, Zagorski, R, Zaloga, D, Zanca, P, Zaplotnik, R, Zebrowski, J, Zhang, W, Zisis, A, Zoletnik, S, Zuin, M, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANT - Advanced Nuclear Technologies Research Group, Control Systems Technology, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Data Mining, Sensorics for fusion reactors, and Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic Stability of Fusion Plasmas
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Settore ING-INF/04, Work package, grassy ELM, ballooning modes, Nuclear physics, 01 natural sciences, Flattening, Ballooning, 010305 fluids & plasmas, grassy ELMs, separatrix density, ASDEX Upgrade, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Edge-localized mode, QC, H-mode, plasma triangularity, type-II ELMs, Physics, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], type-II ELM, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Null (physics), Shear (sheet metal), Física nuclear, Atomic physics, ballooning mode
Abstract: Within the EUROfusion MST1 work package, a series of experiments has been conducted on AUG and TCV devices to disentangle the role of plasma fueling and plasma shape for the onset of small ELM regimes. On both devices, small ELM regimes with high confinement are achieved if and only if two conditions are fulfilled at the same time. Firstly, the plasma density at the separatrix must be large enough (), leading to a pressure profile flattening at the separatrix, which stabilizes type-I ELMs. Secondly, the magnetic configuration has to be close to a double null (DN), leading to a reduction of the magnetic shear in the extreme vicinity of the separatrix. As a consequence, its stabilizing effect on ballooning modes is weakened. Peer Reviewed Article escrit per 365 autors/autores: Labit, B.; Eich, T.; Harrer, G. F.; Wolfrum, E.; Bernert, M.; Dunne, M. G.; Frassinetti, L.; Hennequin, P.; Maurizio, R.; Merle, A.; Meyer, H.; Saarelma, S.; Sheikh, U.; Adamek, J.; Agostini, M.; Aguiam, D.; Akers, R.; Albanese, R.; Albert, C.; Alessi, E.; Ambrosino, R.; Andr be, Y.; Angioni, C.; Apruzzese, G.; Aradi, M.; Arnichand, H.; Auriemma, F.; Avdeeva, G.; Ayllon-Guerola, J. M.; Bagnato, F.; Bandaru, V. K.; Barnes, M.; Barrera-Orte, L.; Bettini, P.; Bilato, R.; Biletskyi, O.; Bilkova, P.; Bin, W.; Blanchard, P.; Blanken, T.; Bobkov, V.; Bock, A.; Boeyaert, D.; Bogar, K.; Bogar, O.; Bohm, P.; Bolzonella, T.; Bombarda, F.; Boncagni, L.; Bouquey, F.; Bowman, C.; Brezinsek, S.; Brida, D.; Brunetti, D.; Bucalossi, J.; Buchanan, J.; Buermans, J.; Bufferand, H.; Buller, S.; Buratti, P.; Burckhart, A.; Calabr, G.; Calacci, L.; Camenen, Y.; Cannas, B.; Cano Megías, P.; Carnevale, D.; Carpanese, F.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Carraro, L.; Casolari, A.; Cathey, A.; Causa, F.; Cavedon, M.; Cecconello, M.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Cerovsky, J.; Chapman, S.; Chmielewski, P.; Choi, D.; Cianfarani, C.; Ciraolo, G.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Colas, L.; Colette, D.; Cordaro, L.; Cordella, F.; Costea, S.; Coster, D.; Cruz Zabala, D. J.; Cseh, G.; Czarnecka, A.; Cziegler, I.; D’Arcangelo, O.; Dal Molin, A.; David, P.; De Carolis, G.; De Oliveira, H.; Decker, J.; Dejarnac, R.; Delogu, R.; Den Harder, N.; Dimitrova, M.; Dolizy, F.; Domínguez-Palacios Durán, J. J.; Douai, D.; Drenik, A.; Dreval, M.; Dudson, B.; Dunai, D.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Elmore, S.; Embréus, O.; Erds, B.; Fable, E.; Faitsch, M.; Fanni, A.; Farnik, M.; Faust, I.; Faustin, J.; Fedorczak, N.; Felici, F.; Feng, S.; Feng, X.; Ferreira, J.; Ferr, G.; Février, O.; Ficker, O.; Figini, L.; Figueiredo, A.; Fil, A.; Fontana, M.; Francesco, M.; Fuchs, C.; Futatani, S.; Gabellieri, L.; Gadariya, D.; Gahle, D.; Galassi, D.; Gałązka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Galeani, S.; Gallart, D.; Gallo, A.; Galperti, C.; Garavaglia, S.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Lopez, J.; Garcia-Mu oz, M.; Garzotti, L.; Gath, J.; Geiger, B.; Giacomelli, L.; Giannone, L.; Gibson, S.; Gil, L.; Giovannozzi, E.; Giruzzi, G.; Gobbin, M.; Gonzalez-Martin, J.; Goodman, T. P.; Gorini, G.; Gospodarczyk, M.; Granucci, G.; Grekov, D. 1; Grenfell, G.; Griener, M.; Groth, M.; Grover, O.; Gruca, M.; Gude, A.; Guimarais, L.; Gyergyek, T.; Hacek, P.; Hakola, A.; Ham, C.; Happel, T.; Harrison, J.; Havranek, A.; Hawke, J.; Henderson, S.; Hesslow, L.; Hitzler, F.; Hnat, B.; Hobirk, J.; Hoelzl, M.; Hogeweij, D.; Hopf, C.; Hoppe, M.; Horacek, J.; Hron, M.; Huang, Z.; Iantchenko, A.; Iglesias, D.; Igochine, V.; Innocente, P.; Ionita-Schrittwieser, C.; Isliker, H.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jacobsen, A.; Jakubowski, M.; Janky, F.; Jardin, A.; Jaulmes, F.; Jensen, T.; Jonsson, T.; Kallenbach, A.; Kappatou, A.; Karpushov, A.; Kasilov, S.; Kazakov, Y.; Kazantzidis, P. V.; Keeling, D.; Kelemen, M.; Kendl, A.; Kernbichler, W.; Kirk, A.; Kocsis, G.; Komm, M.; Kong, M.; Korovin, V.; Koubiti, M.; Kovacic, J.; Krawczyk, N.; Krieger, K.; Kripner, L.; Křivská, A.; Kudlacek, O.; Kulyk, Y.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kwiatkowski, R.; Laggner, F.; Laguardia, L.; Lahtinen, A.; Lang, P.; Likonen, J.; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, F.; Lombroni, R.; Lorenzini, R.; Loschiavo, V. P.; Lunt, T.; MacUsova, E.; Madsen, J.; Maggiora, R.; Maljaars, B.; Manas, P.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M. J.; Manz, P.; Maraschek, M.; Marchenko, V.; Marchetto, C.; Mariani, A.; Marini, C.; Markovic, T.; Marrelli, L.; Martin, P.; Martín Solís, J. R.; Martitsch, A.; Mastrostefano, S.; Matos, F.; Matthews, G.; Mayoral, M.-L.; Mazon, D.; Mazzotta, C.; Mc Carthy, P.; McClements, K.; McDermott, R.; McMillan, B.; Meineri, C.; Menkovski, V.; Meshcheriakov, D.; Messmer, M.; Micheletti, D.; Milanesio, D.; Militello, F.; Miron, I. G.; Mlynar, J.; Moiseenko, V.; Molina Cabrera, P. A.; Morales, J.; Moret, J.-M.; Moro, A.; Moulton, D.; Nabais, F.; Naulin, V.; Naydenkova, D.; Nem, R. D.; Nespoli, F.; Newton, S.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nielsen, S. K.; Nikolaeva, V.; Nocente, M.; Nowak, S.; Oberkofler, M.; Ochoukov, R.; Ollus, P.; Olsen, J.; Omotani, J.; Ongena, J.; Orain, F.; Orsitto, F. P.; Paccagnella, R.; Palha, A.; Panaccione, L.; Panek, R.; Panjan, M.; Papp, G.; Paradela Perez, I.; Parra, F.; Passeri, M.; Pau, A.; Pautasso, G.; Pavlichenko, R.; Perek, A.; Pericoli Radolfini, V.; Pesamosca, F.; Peterka, M.; Petrzilka, V.; Piergotti, V.; Pigatto, L.; Piovesan, P.; Piron, C.; Piron, L.; Plyusnin, V.; Pokol, G.; Poli, E.; Pölöskei, P.; Popov, T.; Popovic, Z.; Pór, G.; Porte, L.; Pucella, G.; Puiatti, M. E.; Pütterich, T.; Rabinski, M.; Juul Rasmussen, J.; Rasmussen, J.; Rattá, G. A.; Ratynskaia, S.; Ravensbergen, T.; Réfy, D.; Reich, M.; Reimerdes, H.; Reimold, F.; Reiser, D.; Reux, C.; Reznik, S.; Ricci, D.; Rispoli, N.; Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F.; Rocchi, G.; Rodriguez-Ramos, M.; Romano, A.; Rosato, J.; Rubinacci, G.; Rubino, G.; Ryan, D. A.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Samaddar, D.; Sanchis-Sanchez, L.; Santos, J.; Särkimäki, K.; Sassano, M.; Sauter, O.; Scannell, R.; Scheffer, M.; Schneider, B. S.; Schneider, P.; Schrittwieser, R.; Schubert, M.; Seidl, J.; Seliunin, E.; Sharapov, S.; Sheeba, R. R.; Sias, G.; Sieglin, B.; Silva, C.; Sipilä, S.; Smith, S.; Snicker, A.; Solano, E. R.; Hansen, S. K.; Soria-Hoyo, C.; Sorokovoy, E.; Sozzi, C.; Sperduti, A.; Spizzo, G.; Spolaore, M.; Stejner, M.; Stipani, L.; Stober, J.; Strand, P.; Sun, H.; Suttrop, W.; Sytnykov, D.; Szepesi, T.; Tál, B.; Tala, T.; Tardini, G.; Tardocchi, M.; Teplukhina, A.; Terranova, D.; Testa, D.; Theiler, C.; Thorén, E.; Thornton, A.; Tilia, B.; Tolias, P.; Tomes, M.; Toscano-Jimenez, M.; Tsironis, C.; Tsui, C.; Tudisco, O.; Urban, J.; Valisa, M.; Vallar, M.; Vallejos Olivares, P.; Valovic, M.; Van Vugt, D.; Vanovac, B.; Varje, J.; Varju, J.; Varoutis, S. 1; Vartanian, S.; Vasilovici, O.; Vega, J.; Verdoolaege, G.; Verhaegh, K.; Vermare, L.; Vianello, N.; Vicente, J.; Viezzer, E.; Villone, F.; Voitsekhovitch, I.; Voltolina, D.; Vondracek, P.; Vu, N. M. T.; Walkden, N.; Wauters, T.; Weiland, M.; Weinzettl, V.; Wensing, M.; Wiesen, S.; Wiesenberger, M.; Wilkie, G.; Willensdorfer, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Wu, K.; Xiang, L.; Zagorski, R.; Zaloga, D.; Zanca, P.; Zaplotnik, R.; Zebrowski, J.; Zhang, W.; Zisis, A.; Zoletnik, S.; Zuin, M.
Published: 2019

5. Development and simulation of multi-diagnostic Bayesian analysis for 2D inference of divertor plasma characteristics

Author: O. Myatra, K. J. Gibson, Bruce Lipschultz, Matthew Carr, C. Bowman, Kevin Verhaegh, S. Orchard, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Physics, Light nucleus, Tokamak, Divertor, Bayesian probability, Iter tokamak, Inference, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, computer.software_genre, Bayesian inference, law.invention, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Data mining, computer
Abstract: We present results of the design, implementation and testing of a Bayesian multi-diagnostic inference system which combines various divertor diagnostics to infer the 2D fields of electron temperature T e , density n e and deuterium neutral density n 0 in the divertor. The system was tested using synthetic diagnostic measurements derived from SOLPS-ITER fluid code predictions of the MAST-U Super-X divertor which include appropriate added noise. Two SOLPS-ITER simulations in different states of detachment, taken from a scan of the nitrogen seeding rate, were used as test-cases. Taken across both test-cases, the median absolute fractional errors in the inferred electron temperature and density estimates were 10.3% and 10.1% respectively. Differences between the inferred fields and the test-cases were well explained by solution uncertainty estimates derived from posterior sampling. This work represents a step toward a larger goal of obtaining a quantitative, 2D description of the divertor plasma state directly from experimental data, which could be used to gain better understanding of divertor physics phenomena.
Published: 2020

6. MAST Upgrade Divertor Facility : A Test Bed for Novel Divertor Solutions

Author: F. Militello, Bruce Lipschultz, A. Kirk, Nick Walkden, David Moulton, William Morris, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Power station, Nuclear engineering, Divertor, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Upgrade, Electricity generation, law, 0103 physical sciences, Performance prediction, Nuclear fusion, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The challenge of integrated exhaust consistent with the other requirements in DEMO and power plant class tokamaks (ITER-like and alternative DEMOs, Fusion Nuclear Science Facility approaches) is well-known and the exhaust solution is likely to be fundamental to the design and operating scenarios chosen. Strategies have been proposed such as high main plasma radiation, but improved solutions are sought and will require revised research methodologies. While no facility can address all the challenges, the new MAST Upgrade tokamak enables exploration of a wide range of divertor plasma aspects in a single device and their relation with the core plasma (e.g., access to H-mode) and in particular the development of fundamental understanding and new ideas. It has a unique combination of closed divertor, capability of a wide range of configurations from conventional to long leg (including Super-X), and fully symmetric double null (plasma and divertor structures). To extrapolate to DEMO and power plant scale devices where full integrated tests in advance are not feasible yet different physics mechanisms may dominate, theory-based models are likely to be essential for confident performance prediction, optimization, and a ``qualification' of the concept. Development and validation of such models is at the heart of the program around MAST Upgrade. Amongst the many areas to be explored, there will be a strong focus on the closely coupled topics of plasma detachment and cross-field transport mechanisms (e.g., plasma filaments), key ingredients of effective and reliable protection of the plasma-facing components at DEMO scale.
Published: 2018

7. Filamentary velocity scaling validation in the TCV tokamak

Author: Jose Boedo, Olivier Février, Stefano Coda, W. A. J. Vijvers, Bruce Lipschultz, James Myra, C.K. Tsui, Tcv Team, EUROfusion Mst Team, Roberto Maurizio, Benoit Labit, J. R. Harrison, Kevin Verhaegh, N. Vianello, F. Nespoli, J. Horacek, U. A. Sheikh, Nick Walkden, H. Reimerdes, B. P. Duval, and Christian Theiler
Subjects: Physics, Tokamak, Tokamak devices, Velocity, Plasma, Plasma turbulence, Collisionality, Edge (geometry), Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Computational physics, Radial velocity, Reciprocating motion, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Collisional plasmas, Electric discharges, Magnetoplasma, Tokamak à configuration variable, 010306 general physics, Scaling
Abstract: A large database of reciprocating probe data from the edge plasma of TCV (Tokamak a Configuration Variable) is used to test the radial velocity scalings of filaments from analytical theory [Myra et al., Phys. Plasmas 13, 112502 (2006)]. The measured velocities are mainly scattered between zero and a maximum velocity which varies as a function of size and collisionality in agreement with the analytical scalings. The scatter is consistent with mechanisms that tend to slow the velocity of individual filaments. While the radial velocities were mainly clustered between 0.5 and 2 km/s, a minority reached outward velocities as high as 5 km/s or inward velocities as high as −4 km/s. Inward moving filaments are only observed in regions of high poloidal velocity shear in discharges with B × ∇B away from the X-point, a new finding. The filaments have diameters clustered between 3 and 11 mm, and normalized sizes a clustered between 0.3 and 1.1, such that most filaments populate the resistive-ballooning regime; therefore, most of the filaments in TCV have radial velocities with little or no dependence on collisionality. Improvements in cross-correlation techniques and conditional averaging techniques are discussed which reduce the sizes determined for the largest filaments, including those larger than the scrape-off layer.A large database of reciprocating probe data from the edge plasma of TCV (Tokamak a Configuration Variable) is used to test the radial velocity scalings of filaments from analytical theory [Myra et al., Phys. Plasmas 13, 112502 (2006)]. The measured velocities are mainly scattered between zero and a maximum velocity which varies as a function of size and collisionality in agreement with the analytical scalings. The scatter is consistent with mechanisms that tend to slow the velocity of individual filaments. While the radial velocities were mainly clustered between 0.5 and 2 km/s, a minority reached outward velocities as high as 5 km/s or inward velocities as high as −4 km/s. Inward moving filaments are only observed in regions of high poloidal velocity shear in discharges with B × ∇B away from the X-point, a new finding. The filaments have diameters clustered between 3 and 11 mm, and normalized ...
Published: 2018

8. OVERVIEW OF PHYSICS STUDIES ON ASDEX UPGRADE

Author: Neville C. Luhmann, J. Mailloux, A. Kappatou, Yann Camenen, R. Arredondo Parra, P. Petersson, G. F. Harrer, I. Gomez Ortiz, E. Giovannozzi, S. S. Henderson, C. Sommariva, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, G. Fuchert, Christopher G. Albert, P. Piovesan, A. Herrmann, C. Piron, Robert Lunsford, J. Hobirk, F. Clairet, L. Xiang, Carlo Cazzaniga, A. Burckhart, B. Kurzan, Bernhard Ploeckl, G. Kocsis, A. Mancini, Benoit Labit, M. Reich, N. den Harder, Faa Federico Felici, M. Oberparleiter, Tamás Szepesi, Sibylle Günter, K. Behler, R. Merkel, Ocleto D'Arcangelo, G. Haas, Alessandro Bortolon, T. B. Cote, E. Trier, P. Simon, A. Gude, Daniele Milanesio, Winfried Kernbichler, Dorothea Gradic, M. Rodriguez-Ramos, G.A. Rattá, G. Croci, O. Tudisco, E. Heyn, M. Groth, J. Gonzalez Martin, Olivier Sauter, Irena Ivanova-Stanik, Massimo Nocente, J. R. Harrison, Martin Heyn, C. Bruhn, C. Ham, L. Shao, M. Schubert, F. Brochard, Yu Gao, Bernd Heinemann, Sandra C. Chapman, Armin Manhard, S. S. Denk, A. Jardin, D. P. Coster, G. Schall, L. Horvath, Alexander Creely, Roman Schrittwieser, Patrick J. McCarthy, C. Castaldo, B. Wiringer, M. J. Mantsinen, Till Höschen, Ph. Lauber, V. Mertens, Anders Nielsen, G. Suarez, M. E. Manso, M. Dibon, S. Wiesen, Mirko Salewski, C. D. Challis, J. Schweinzer, D. Douai, Lorenzo Frassinetti, R. C. Wolf, Mirko Ramisch, P. de Marne, Yueqiang Liu, H. van den Brand, S. Nowak, E. Joffrin, M. Teschke, Karl Schmid, D. Silvagni, L. Giannone, D. I. Refy, E. Wolfrum, M. Sertoli, Chanho Moon, O. J. W. F. Kardaun, A. Ross, S. Elgeti, A. Shalpegin, G. D. Conway, A. Sigalov, Alberto Bottino, Benedikt Geiger, M. Willensdorfer, D. C. van Vugt, Mark Maraschek, W. Zhang, M. Oberkofler, M. Griener, Stylianos Varoutis, Bill Scott, F. Monaco, W. Suttrop, Helmut Faugel, Christian Hopf, J. Vicente, Gerhard Raupp, S. Fietz, Omar Maj, D. Terranova, Q. Yu, E. Seliunin, L. Gil, K. Lackner, I. Novikau, S. Heinzel, G. Birkenmeier, O. Linder, I. Zammuto, H. Fünfgelder, Alessandro Biancalani, D. Prisiazhniuk, Analiza M. Silva, Volker Hauer, Ulrich Stroth, M. Faitsch, Toke Koldborg Jensen, S. Brezinsek, S. Garavaglia, V. Nikolaeva, C. Angioni, T. Maceina, Antti Snicker, O. Schmitz, T. Vierle, A. Scarabosio, D. Carlton, F. Penzel, M. Tardocchi, Riccardo Maggiora, V. Plyusnin, A. Bergmann, A. Bock, G. Rocchi, Andreas Frank Martitsch, J. W. Coenen, I. Erofeev, Pierre Manas, J. Stober, O. Meyer, M. A. Van Zeeland, A. S. Jacobsen, H. Meister, Jens Madsen, E. Smigelskis, A. Lohs, T. Happel, A. Gallo, F. Ryter, P. A. Schneider, A. Kallenbach, Alf Köhn, C. Bottereau, I. Paradela Perez, N. Arden, M. Koubiti, Gergely Papp, Burkhard Plaum, Jorge Ferreira, P. Denner, H. Greuner, Daniel Told, M. Weiland, T. Hayward-Schneider, B. Sieglin, A. Buhler, B. Böswirth, A. Krämer-Flecken, F. Jaulmes, J. Galdon-Quiroga, M. Balden, J. Pinzón Acosta, C. Sozzi, T. Bolzonella, G. Neu, Simon Freethy, T. Sehmer, K. Höfler, T. T. Ribeiro, F. Mink, Ursel Fantz, Q. Yang, Jeppe Olsen, M. Wischmeier, P. Mantica, Timothy Goodman, R. Delogu, T. Tala, Panagiotis Tolias, A. Houben, G. Tardini, A. Kirk, T. Odstrcil, R. Fischer, J. Juul Rasmussen, D. Carralero, H. F. Meyer, P. Martin, J. Miettunen, E. Maljaars, Matthew Carr, Z. Yang, G. Pautasso, B. P. Duval, E. Sytova, Stefano Coda, D. Meshcheriakov, Morten Stejner, S. Zoletnik, Thomas Zehetbauer, M. Li, F. Liu, R. Neu, A. Drenik, P. Manz, E. Fable, Otto Asunta, Zhixin Lu, S. Kálvin, Bruce Lipschultz, Vinodh Bandaru, A. Di Siena, Mattia Siccinio, S. Costea, Frank Jenko, Peter Lang, V. Rohde, Manfred Zilker, F. Nabais, H. J. Sun, Chris Hegna, A. Krivska, M. Rott, S. E. Sharapov, Antoine Merle, J. Bernardo, K. Engelhardt, M. Garcia-Munoz, M. Kantor, M. Hölzl, J. M. Santos, L. Guimarais, A. Figuereido, Carlos B. da Silva, Ch. Day, P. David, U. von Toussaint, T. C. Blanken, D. A. Ryan, F. Palermo, Silvio Ceccuzzi, J.-M. Noterdaeme, M. Gobbin, A. Jansen van Vuuren, C.-P. Kasemann, D. Rittich, Wouter Tierens, Taina Kurki-Suonio, C. Martens, R. Riedl, Antti Hakola, A. Czarnecka, F. Hitzler, M. Spolaore, M. Tripský, D. Brida, A. V. Chankin, Alessandro Pau, T. Ilkei, K. Krieger, Emanuele Poli, Florian Laggner, J. F. Rivero-Rodriguez, Wolfgang Jacob, Nengchao Wang, Anne White, S. Kjer Hansen, Stefan Kragh Nielsen, M. Fröschle, R. Bilato, O. Kudlacek, Tobias Görler, A. Stegmeir, Ari Salmi, L. Colas, A. Mlynek, Istvan Cziegler, V. Bobkov, James Buchanan, A. Gräter, T. Luda di Cortemiglia, R. Drube, John Hammer Holm, Giuliana Sias, K. Galazka, Giuseppe Gorini, V. Igochine, B. Vanovac, O. P. Ford, A. Garcia-Carrasco, R. M. McDermott, B. Tal, A. Lebschy, M. Cavedon, Julia Fuchs, E. Viezzer, R. Dux, R.A. Pitts, Svetlana V. Ratynskaia, Aqsa Shabbir, Sergei Kasilov, M. Bernert, S. Saarelma, Gergö Pokol, F. Reimold, Geert Verdoolaege, M. Mayer, Marek Rubel, L. Sanchis-Sanchez, R. Maingi, William Hornsby, U. Plank, C. Cianfarani, N. Vianello, A. Huber, Gustavo Granucci, Didier Mazon, S. Glöggler, J. Simpson, I. Faust, G. L. Ravera, Laurie Porte, Johann Riesch, F. Janky, A Lyssoivan, T. Pütterich, F. Orain, M. Valisa, B. Esposito, C. Gleason-González, Juha Karhunen, M. Valovic, H. Maier, Gábor Cseh, A. Nemes-Czopf, E. Thoren, O. Pan, T. Eich, R. Coelho, M.R. de Baar, E. Strumberger, T. Hellsten, Lionello Marrelli, Boglarka Erdos, Pascale Hennequin, R. Ochoukov, H. Zohm, D. Wagner, Yevgen O. Kazakov, A. Medvedeva, M. G. Dunne, W. Treutterer, N. Leuthold, R. Zagórski, S. Potzel, V. Klevarova, Dirk Reiser, X. Wang, T. Lunt, Meyer, H, Angioni, C, Albert, C, Arden, N, Arredondo Parra, R, Asunta, O, De Baar, M, Balden, M, Bandaru, V, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bolzonella, T, Bortolon, A, Boswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, Van Den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Camenen, Y, Carlton, D, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Cazzaniga, C, Ceccuzzi, S, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, S, Cianfarani, C, Clairet, F, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cote, T, Creely, A, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, David, P, Day, C, Delogu, R, De Marne, P, Denk, S, Denner, P, Dibon, M, Di Siena, A, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Drube, R, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Dux, R, Eich, T, Elgeti, S, Engelhardt, K, Erdos, B, Erofeev, I, Esposito, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fantz, U, Faugel, H, Faust, I, Felici, F, Ferreira, J, Fietz, S, Figuereido, A, Fischer, R, Ford, O, Frassinetti, L, Freethy, S, Froschle, M, Fuchert, G, Fuchs, J, Funfgelder, H, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallo, A, Gao, Y, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Giannone, L, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Gleason-Gonzalez, C, Gloggler, S, Gobbin, M, Gorler, T, Gomez Ortiz, I, Gonzalez Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gradic, D, Grater, A, Granucci, G, Greuner, H, Griener, M, Groth, M, Gude, A, Gunter, S, Guimarais, L, Haas, G, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Den Harder, N, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Hauer, V, Hayward-Schneider, T, Hegna, C, Heinemann, B, Heinzel, S, Hellsten, T, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Herrmann, A, Heyn, M, Heyn, E, Hitzler, F, Hobirk, J, Hofler, K, Holzl, M, Hoschen, T, Holm, J, Hopf, C, Hornsby, W, Horvath, L, Houben, A, Huber, A, Igochine, V, Ilkei, T, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacob, W, Jacobsen, A, Janky, F, Jansen Van Vuuren, A, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Joffrin, E, Kasemann, C, Kallenbach, A, Kalvin, S, Kantor, M, Kappatou, A, Kardaun, O, Karhunen, J, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kjer Hansen, S, Klevarova, V, Kocsis, G, Kohn, A, Koubiti, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kramer-Flecken, A, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurzan, B, Labit, B, Lackner, K, Laggner, F, Lang, P, Lauber, P, Lebschy, A, Leuthold, N, Li, M, Linder, O, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Liu, Y, Lohs, A, Lu, Z, Luda Di Cortemiglia, T, Luhmann, N, Lunsford, R, Lunt, T, Lyssoivan, A, Maceina, T, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maier, H, Maj, O, Mailloux, J, Maingi, R, Maljaars, E, Manas, P, Mancini, A, Manhard, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Martens, C, Martin, P, Marrelli, L, Martitsch, A, Mayer, M, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Meister, H, Medvedeva, A, Merkel, R, Merle, A, Mertens, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Meyer, O, Miettunen, J, Milanesio, D, Mink, F, Mlynek, A, Monaco, F, Moon, C, Nabais, F, Nemes-Czopf, A, Neu, G, Neu, R, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Noterdaeme, J, Novikau, I, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Oberparleiter, M, Ochoukov, R, Odstrcil, T, Olsen, J, Orain, F, Palermo, F, Pan, O, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Penzel, F, Petersson, P, Pinzon Acosta, J, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Pitts, R, Plank, U, Plaum, B, Ploeckl, B, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Porte, L, Potzel, S, Prisiazhniuk, D, Putterich, T, Ramisch, M, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Raupp, G, Ravera, G, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Ribeiro, T, Riesch, J, Riedl, R, Rittich, D, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Rohde, V, Ross, A, Rott, M, Rubel, M, Ryan, D, Ryter, F, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sauter, O, Scarabosio, A, Schall, G, Schmid, K, Schmitz, O, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Schwarz-Selinger, T, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Sehmer, T, Seliunin, E, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shalpegin, A, Shao, L, Sharapov, S, Sias, G, Siccinio, M, Sieglin, B, Sigalov, A, Silva, A, Silva, C, Silvagni, D, Simon, P, Simpson, J, Smigelskis, E, Snicker, A, Sommariva, C, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stegmeir, A, Stejner, M, Stober, J, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suarez, G, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytova, E, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teschke, M, Terranova, D, Tierens, W, Thoren, E, Told, D, Tolias, P, Tudisco, O, Treutterer, W, Trier, E, Tripsky, M, Valisa, M, Valovic, M, Vanovac, B, Van Vugt, D, Varoutis, S, Verdoolaege, G, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Vierle, T, Viezzer, E, Von Toussaint, U, Wagner, D, Wang, N, Wang, X, Weiland, M, White, A, Wiesen, S, Willensdorfer, M, Wiringer, B, Wischmeier, M, Wolf, R, Wolfrum, E, Xiang, L, Yang, Q, Yang, Z, Yu, Q, Zagorski, R, Zammuto, I, Zhang, W, Van Zeeland, M, Zehetbauer, T, Zilker, M, Zoletnik, S, Zohm, H, Meyer, H., Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP111: Ingeniería Mecánica, CEA Cadarache, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Culham Science Centre, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Department of Applied Physics, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of Lisbon, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Research Council of Italy, Princeton University, CEA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, University of Warwick, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, University of Innsbruck, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, University of York, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, University of Seville, University of Milan - Bicocca, Fusion and Plasma Physics, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Vienna University of Technology, Max-Planck Computing and Data Facility, General Atomics, Université Paris-Saclay, Graz University of Technology, Institut für Grenzflachenverfahrenstechnik und Plasmatechnologie, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Royal Military Academy, Ghent University, ITER Organization, University of California Davis, Polytechnic University of Turin, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, University College Cork, Chalmers University of Technology, University of Cagliari, ITER, CIEMAT, CAS - Institute of Plasma Physics, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Angioni, C., Albert, C. G., Arden, N., Arredondo Parra, R., Asunta, O., De Baar, M., Balden, M., Bandaru, V., Behler, K., Bergmann, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Biancalani, A., Bilato, R., Birkenmeier, G., Blanken, T. C., Bobkov, V., Bock, A., Bolzonella, T., Bortolon, A., Boswirth, B., Bottereau, C., Bottino, A., Van Den Brand, H., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Bruhn, C., Buchanan, J., Buhler, A., Burckhart, A., Camenen, Y., Carlton, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Castaldo, C., Cavedon, M., Cazzaniga, C., Ceccuzzi, S., Challis, C., Chankin, A., Chapman, S., Cianfarani, C., Clairet, F., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G. D., Costea, S., Coster, D. P., Cote, T. B., Creely, A., Croci, G., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., Cziegler, I., D'Arcangelo, O., David, P., Day, C., Delogu, R., De Marne, P., Denk, S. S., Denner, P., Dibon, M., Di Siena, A., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Drube, R., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Dux, R., Eich, T., Elgeti, S., Engelhardt, K., Erdos, B., Erofeev, I., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fantz, U., Faugel, H., Faust, I., Felici, F., Ferreira, J., Fietz, S., Figuereido, A., Fischer, R., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Freethy, S., Froschle, M., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, J. C., Funfgelder, H., Galazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Gallo, A., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Munoz, M., Geiger, B., Giannone, L., Gil, L., Giovannozzi, E., Gleason-Gonzalez, C., Gloggler, S., Gobbin, M., Gorler, T., Gomez Ortiz, I., Gonzalez Martin, J., Goodman, T., Gorini, G., Gradic, D., Grater, A., Granucci, G., Greuner, H., Griener, M., Groth, M., Gude, A., Gunter, S., Guimarais, L., Haas, G., Hakola, A. H., Ham, C., Happel, T., Den Harder, N., Harrer, G. F., Harrison, J., Hauer, V., Hayward-Schneider, T., Hegna, C. C., Heinemann, B., Heinzel, S., Hellsten, T., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Herrmann, A., Heyn, M. F., Heyn, E., Hitzler, F., Hobirk, J., Hofler, K., Holzl, M., Hoschen, T., Holm, J. H., Hopf, C., Hornsby, W. A., Horvath, L., Houben, A., Huber, A., Igochine, V., Ilkei, T., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacob, W., Jacobsen, A. S., Janky, F., Jansen Van Vuuren, A., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Joffrin, E., Kasemann, C. -P., Kallenbach, A., Kalvin, S., Kantor, M., Kappatou, A., Kardaun, O., Karhunen, J., Kasilov, S., Kazakov, Y., Kernbichler, W., Kirk, A., Kjer Hansen, S., Klevarova, V., Kocsis, G., Kohn, A., Koubiti, M., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kramer-Flecken, A., Kudlacek, O., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Labit, B., Lackner, K., Laggner, F., Lang, P. T., Lauber, P., Lebschy, A., Leuthold, N., Li, M., Linder, O., Lipschultz, B., Liu, F., Liu, Y., Lohs, A., Lu, Z., Luda Di Cortemiglia, T., Luhmann, N. C., Lunsford, R., Lunt, T., Lyssoivan, A., Maceina, T., Madsen, J., Maggiora, R., Maier, H., Maj, O., Mailloux, J., Maingi, R., Maljaars, E., Manas, P., Mancini, A., Manhard, A., Manso, M. -E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manz, P., Maraschek, M., Martens, C., Martin, P., Marrelli, L., Martitsch, A., Mayer, M., Mazon, D., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcdermott, R., Meister, H., Medvedeva, A., Merkel, R., Merle, A., Mertens, V., Meshcheriakov, D., Meyer, O., Miettunen, J., Milanesio, D., Mink, F., Mlynek, A., Monaco, F., Moon, C., Nabais, F., Nemes-Czopf, A., Neu, G., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nocente, M., Noterdaeme, J. -M., Novikau, I., Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrcil, T., Olsen, J., Orain, F., Palermo, F., Pan, O., Papp, G., Paradela Perez, I., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Penzel, F., Petersson, P., Pinzon Acosta, J., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Pitts, R., Plank, U., Plaum, B., Ploeckl, B., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poli, E., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Prisiazhniuk, D., Putterich, T., Ramisch, M., Rasmussen, J., Ratta, G. A., Ratynskaia, S., Raupp, G., Ravera, G. L., Refy, D., Reich, M., Reimold, F., Reiser, D., Ribeiro, T., Riesch, J., Riedl, R., Rittich, D., Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F., Rocchi, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Ross, A., Rott, M., Rubel, M., Ryan, D., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schmid, K., Schmitz, O., Schneider, P. A., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schwarz-Selinger, T., Schweinzer, J., Scott, B., Sehmer, T., Seliunin, E., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shao, L., Sharapov, S., Sias, G., Siccinio, M., Sieglin, B., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Silva, C., Silvagni, D., Simon, P., Simpson, J., Smigelskis, E., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stegmeir, A., Stejner, M., Stober, J., Stroth, U., Strumberger, E., Suarez, G., Sun, H. -J., Suttrop, W., Sytova, E., Szepesi, T., Tal, B., Tala, T., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Teschke, M., Terranova, D., Tierens, W., Thoren, E., Told, D., Tolias, P., Tudisco, O., Treutterer, W., Trier, E., Tripsky, M., Valisa, M., Valovic, M., Vanovac, B., Van Vugt, D., Varoutis, S., Verdoolaege, G., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Vierle, T., Viezzer, E., Von Toussaint, U., Wagner, D., Wang, N., Wang, X., Weiland, M., White, A. E., Wiesen, S., Willensdorfer, M., Wiringer, B., Wischmeier, M., Wolf, R., Wolfrum, E., Xiang, L., Yang, Q., Yang, Z., Yu, Q., Zagorski, R., Zammuto, I., Zhang, W., Van Zeeland, M., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., Zoletnik, S., Zohm, H., ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, and EUROfusion MST1 Team
Subjects: Magnetic confinement, Edge-localized modes (ELMs), Nuclear engineering, PLASMAS, Nuclear physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, ASDEX Upgrade, ITER, MODE, Physics, iter, Divertor, magnetic confinement, Magnetic confinement fusion, mode, Dissipation, Condensed Matter Physics, ddc, Tokamak physics, Física nuclear, tokamak physics, Tokamaks, FLUX, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Technology and Engineering, DEMO, nuclear fusion, Electron cyclotron resonance, Resonant magnetic perturbations, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, SOLID TUNGSTEN DIVERTOR, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], demo, plasmas, solid tungsten divertor, flux, ___, HEAVY ALLOYS, Magnetohydrodynamics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], heavy alloys
Abstract: The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme, jointly run with the EUROfusion MST1 task force, continues to significantly enhance the physics base of ITER and DEMO. Here, the full tungsten wall is a key asset for extrapolating to future devices. The high overall heating power, flexible heating mix and comprehensive diagnostic set allows studies ranging from mimicking the scrape-off-layer and divertor conditions of ITER and DEMO at high density to fully non-inductive operation (q95 = 5.5, ) at low density. Higher installed electron cyclotron resonance heating power 6 MW, new diagnostics and improved analysis techniques have further enhanced the capabilities of AUG. Stable high-density H-modes with MW m−1 with fully detached strike-points have been demonstrated. The ballooning instability close to the separatrix has been identified as a potential cause leading to the H-mode density limit and is also found to play an important role for the access to small edge-localized modes (ELMs). Density limit disruptions have been successfully avoided using a path-oriented approach to disruption handling and progress has been made in understanding the dissipation and avoidance of runaway electron beams. ELM suppression with resonant magnetic perturbations is now routinely achieved reaching transiently . This gives new insight into the field penetration physics, in particular with respect to plasma flows. Modelling agrees well with plasma response measurements and a helically localised ballooning structure observed prior to the ELM is evidence for the changed edge stability due to the magnetic perturbations. The impact of 3D perturbations on heat load patterns and fast-ion losses have been further elaborated. Progress has also been made in understanding the ELM cycle itself. Here, new fast measurements of and Er allow for inter ELM transport analysis confirming that Er is dominated by the diamagnetic term even for fast timescales. New analysis techniques allow detailed comparison of the ELM crash and are in good agreement with nonlinear MHD modelling. The observation of accelerated ions during the ELM crash can be seen as evidence for the reconnection during the ELM. As type-I ELMs (even mitigated) are likely not a viable operational regime in DEMO studies of 'natural' no ELM regimes have been extended. Stable I-modes up to have been characterised using -feedback. Core physics has been advanced by more detailed characterisation of the turbulence with new measurements such as the eddy tilt angle—measured for the first time—or the cross-phase angle of and fluctuations. These new data put strong constraints on gyro-kinetic turbulence modelling. In addition, carefully executed studies in different main species (H, D and He) and with different heating mixes highlight the importance of the collisional energy exchange for interpreting energy confinement. A new regime with a hollow profile now gives access to regimes mimicking aspects of burning plasma conditions and lead to nonlinear interactions of energetic particle modes despite the sub-Alfvénic beam energy. This will help to validate the fast-ion codes for predicting ITER and DEMO. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 and 2019–2020 under grant agreement No. 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. "Article signat per més de 100 autors/es: H. Meyer, for the AUG Team: D. Aguiam, C. Angioni, C.G. Albert, N. Arden, R. Arredondo Parra, O. Asunta, M. de Baar, M. Balden, V. Bandaru, K. Behler, A. Bergmann, J. Bernardo, M. Bernert, A. Biancalani, R. Bilato, G. Birkenmeier, T.C. Blanken, V. Bobkov, A. Bock, T. Bolzonella, A. Bortolon, B. Böswirth, C. Bottereau, A. Bottino, H. van den Brand, S. Brezinsek, D. Brida, F. Brochard, C. Bruhn, J. Buchanan, A. Buhler, A. Burckhart, Y. Camenen, D. Carlton, M. Carr, D. Carralero, C. Castaldo, M. Cavedon, C. Cazzaniga, S. Ceccuzzi, C. Challis, A. Chankin, S. Chapman, C. Cianfarani, F. Clairet, S. Coda, R. Coelho, J.W. Coenen, L. Colas, G.D. Conway, S. Costea, D.P. Coster, T.B. Cote, A. Creely, G. Croci, G. Cseh, A. Czarnecka, I. Cziegler, O. D'Arcangelo, P. David, C. Day, R. Delogu, P. de Marné, S.S. Denk, P. Denner, M. Dibon, A. Di Siena, D. Douai, A. Drenik, R. Drube, M. Dunne, B.P. Duval, R. Dux, T. Eich, S. Elgeti, K. Engelhardt, B. Erdös, I. Erofeev, B. Esposito, E. Fable, M. Faitsch, U. Fantz, H. Faugel, I. Faust, F. Felici, J. Ferreira, S. Fietz, A. Figuereido, R. Fischer, O. Ford, L. Frassinetti, S. Freethy, M. Fröschle, G. Fuchert, J.C. Fuchs, H. Fünfgelder, K. Galazka, J. Galdon-Quiroga, A. Gallo, Y. Gao, S. Garavaglia, A. Garcia-Carrasco, M. Garcia-Muñoz, B. Geiger, L. Giannone, L. Gil, E. Giovannozzi, C. Gleason-González, S. Glöggler, M. Gobbin, T. Görler, I. Gomez Ortiz, J. Gonzalez Martin, T. Goodman, G. Gorini, D. Gradic, A. Gräter, G. Granucci, H. Greuner, M. Griener, M. Groth, A. Gude, S. Günter, L. Guimarais, G. Haas, A.H. Hakola, C. Ham, T. Happel, N. den Harder, G.F. Harrer, J. Harrison, V. Hauer, T. Hayward-Schneider, C.C. Hegna, B. Heinemann, S. Heinzel, T. Hellsten, S. Henderson, P. Hennequin, A. Herrmann, M.F. Heyn, E. Heyn, F. Hitzler, J. Hobirk, K. Höfler, M. Hölzl, T. Höschen, J.H. Holm, C. Hopf, W.A. Hornsby, L. Horvath, A. Houben, A. Huber, V. Igochine, T. Ilkei, I. Ivanova-Stanik, W. Jacob, A.S. Jacobsen, F. Janky, A. Jansen van Vuuren, A. Jardin, F. Jaulmes, F. Jenko, T. Jensen, E. Joffrin, C.-P. Käsemann, A. Kallenbach, S. Kálvin, M. Kantor, A. Kappatou, O. Kardaun, J. Karhunen, S. Kasilov,, Y. Kazakov, W. Kernbichler, A. Kirk, S. Kjer Hansen, V. Klevarova, G. Kocsis, A. Köhn, M. Koubiti, K. Krieger, A. Krivska, A. Krämer-Flecken, O. Kudlacek, T. Kurki-Suonio, B. Kurzan, B. Labit, K. Lackner, F. Laggner, P.T. Lang, P. Lauber, A. Lebschy, N. Leuthold, M. Li, O. Linder, B. Lipschultz, F. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lohs, Z. Lu, T. Luda di Cortemiglia, N.C. Luhmann, R. Lunsford, T. Lunt, A. Lyssoivan, T. Maceina, J. Madsen, R. Maggiora, H. Maier, O. Maj, J. Mailloux, R. Maingi, E. Maljaars, P. Manas, A. Mancini, A. Manhard, M.-E. Manso, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, P. Manz, M. Maraschek, C. Martens, P. Martin, L. Marrelli, A. Martitsch, M. Mayer, D. Mazon, P.J. McCarthy, R. McDermott, H. Meister, A. Medvedeva, R. Merkel, A. Merle, V. Mertens, D. Meshcheriakov, O. Meyer, J. Miettunen, D. Milanesio, F. Mink, A. Mlynek, F. Monaco, C. Moon, F. Nabais, A. Nemes-Czopf, G. Neu, R. Neu, A.H. Nielsen, S.K. Nielsen, V. Nikolaeva, M. Nocente, J.-M. Noterdaeme, I. Novikau, S. Nowak, M. Oberkofler, M. Oberparleiter, R. Ochoukov, T. Odstrcil, J. Olsen, F. Orain, F. Palermo, O. Pan, G. Papp, I. Paradela Perez, A. Pau, G. Pautasso, F. Penzel, P. Petersson, J. Pinzón Acosta, P. Piovesan, C. Piron, R. Pitts, U. Plank, B. Plaum, B. Ploeckl, V. Plyusnin, G. Pokol, E. Poli, L. Porte, S. Potzel, D. Prisiazhniuk, T. Pütterich, M. Ramisch, J. Rasmussen, G.A. Rattá, S. Ratynskaia, G. Raupp, G.L. Ravera, D. Réfy, M. Reich, F. Reimold, D. Reiser, T. Ribeiro, J. Riesch, R. Riedl, D. Rittich, J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez, G. Rocchi, M. Rodriguez-Ramos, V. Rohde, A. Ross1, M. Rott, M. Rubel, D. Ryan, F. Ryter, S. Saarelma, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, L. Sanchis-Sanchez, J. Santos, O. Sauter, A. Scarabosio, G. Schall, K. Schmid, O. Schmitz, P.A. Schneider, R. Schrittwieser, M. Schubert, T. Schwarz-Selinger, J. Schweinzer, B. Scott, T. Semer, E. Seliunin, M. Sertoli, A. Shabbir, A. Shalpegin, L. Shao, S. Sharapov, G. Sias, M. Siccinio, B. Sieglin, A. Sigalov, A. Silva, C. Silva, D. Silvagni, P. Simon, J. Simpson, E. Smigelskis, A. Snicker, C. Sommariva, C. Sozzi, M. Spolaore, A. Stegmeir, M. Stejner, J. Stober, U. Stroth, E. Strumberger, G. Suarez, H.-J. Sun, W. Suttrop, E. Sytova, T. Szepesi, B. Tál, T. Tala, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, M. Teschke, D. Terranova, W. Tierens, E. Thorén, D. Told, P. Tolias, O. Tudisco, W. Treutterer, E. Trier, M. Tripský, M. Valisa, M. Valovic, B. Vanovac, D. van Vugt, S. Varoutis, G. Verdoolaege, N. Vianello, J. Vicente, T. Vierle, E. Viezzer, U. von Toussaint, D. Wagner, N. Wang, X. Wang, M. Weiland, A.E. White, S. Wiesen, M. Willensdorfer, B. Wiringer, M. Wischmeier, R. Wolf, E. Wolfrum, L. Xiang, Q. Yang, Z. Yang, Q. Yu, R. Zagórski, I. Zammuto, W. Zhang, M. van Zeeland, T. Zehetbauer, M. Zilker, S. Zoletnik, H. Zohm and the EUROfusion MST1 Team55
Published: 2018

9. Improved Understanding of the Ball-Pen Probe through Particle-In-Cell Simulations

Author: S. Murphy-Sugrue, Nick Walkden, Paul M. Bryant, James W. Bradley, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Tokamak, Materials science, Plasma, Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Engineering physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Ion, symbols.namesake, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Langmuir probe, Electron temperature, Ball-pen probe, Particle-in-cell, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Ball-pen probes (BPP)have been deployed in the SOL of numerous tokamak experiments and low-temperature magnetised plasmas to make direct measurements of the plasma potential and electron temperature. Despite strong empirical evidence for the success of the BPP it lacks a theoretical underpinning of its collection mechanism. In this paper we investigate the capability of the probe to measure the plasma potential by means of particle-in-cell simulations. The BPP is found to float at a potential offset from the plasma potential by a factor TₑαBPP. By simulating BPPs and Langmuir probes, excellent agreement has been found between the measured electron temperature and the specified source temperature. The transport mechanism for both ions and electrons has been determined.E×B drifts are observed to drive electrons and ions down the tunnel. This mechanism is sensitive to the diameter of the probe
Published: 2017

10. Interpretation of scrape-off layer profile evolution and first-wall ion flux statistics on JET using a stochastic framework based on filamentary motion

Author: C. Guillemaut, David Moulton, G. F. Matthews, Bruce Lipschultz, A. Wynn, Nick Walkden, Jet Contributors, Fulvio Militello, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Stochastic modelling, Autocorrelation, FOS: Physical sciences, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics, Sink (geography), Flattening, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, Protein filament, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Shoulder region, 0103 physical sciences, Uniqueness, 010306 general physics, human activities
Abstract: This paper presents the use of a novel modelling technique based around intermittent transport due to filament motion, to interpret experimental profile and fluctuation data in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of JET during the onset and evolution of a density profile shoulder. A baseline case is established, prior to shoulder formation, and the stochastic model is shown to be capable of simultaneously matching the time averaged profile measurement as well as the PDF shape and autocorrelation function from the ion-saturation current time series at the outer wall. Aspects of the stochastic model are then varied with the aim of producing a profile shoulder with statistical measurements consistent with experiment. This is achieved through a strong localised reduction in the density sink acting on the filaments within the model. The required reduction of the density sink occurs over a highly localised region with the timescale of the density sink increased by a factor of 25. This alone is found to be insufficient to model the expansion and flattening of the shoulder region as the density increases, which requires additional changes within the stochastic model. An example is found which includes both a reduction in the density sink and filament acceleration and provides a consistent match to the experimental data as the shoulder expands, though the uniqueness of this solution can not be guaranteed. Within the context of the stochastic model, this implies that the localised reduction in the density sink can trigger shoulder formation, but additional physics is required to explain the subsequent evolution of the profile.
Published: 2017
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11. The role of ELM filaments in setting the ELM wetted area in MAST and the implications for future devices

Author: Benjamin Daniel Dudson, A. Kirk, G. Fishpool, S. Elmore, S. Allan, J. R. Harrison, and A.J. Thornton
Subjects: Mode number, Materials science, Toroid, Meteorology, Plasma, Mechanics, Wetted area, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Instability, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Mast (sailing), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Heat flux, 0103 physical sciences, Visible imaging, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The ELM wetted area is a key factor in the peak power load during an ELM, as it sets the region over which the ELM energy is deposited. The deposited heat flux at the target is seen to have striations in the profiles that are generated by the arrival of filaments ejected from the confined plasma. The effect of the filaments arriving at the target on the ELM wetted area, and the relation to the midplane mode number is investigated in this paper using infrared (IR) thermography and high speed visible imaging (>10 kHz). Type I ELMs are analysed, as these have the largest heat fluxes and are observed to have toroidal mode numbers of between 5 and 15. The IR profiles during the ELMs show clear filamentary structures that evolve during the ELM cycle. An increasing number of striations at the target is seen to correspond to an increase in the wetted area. Analysis shows that the ratio of the ELM wetted area to the inter-ELM wetted area, a key parameter for ITER, for the type I ELMs is between 3 and 6 for lower single null plasmas and varies with the ELM midplane mode number, as determined by visible measurements. Monte-Carlo modelling of the ELMs is used to understand the variation seen in the wetted area and the effect of an increased mode number; the modelling replicates the trends seen in the experimental data and supports the observation of increased toroidal mode number generating larger target ELM wetted areas. ITER is thought to be peeling unstable which would imply a lower ELM mode number compared to MAST which is peeling–ballooning unstable. The results of this analysis suggest that the lower n peeling unstable ELMs expected for ITER will have smaller wetted areas than peeling–ballooning unstable ELMs. A smaller wetted area will increase the level of ELM control required, therefore a key prediction required for ITER is the expected ELM mode number.
Published: 2016

12. Overview of recent physics results from MAST

Author: A. Kirk, J. Horacek, C. D. Challis, I. Klimek, W. A. Peebles, K. Imada, W. A. Gracias, H. R. Wilson, A. W. Morris, L. Piron, K Tani, M. Wischmeier, Sean Conroy, D. A. Ryan, M. O’Brien, F. Arese Lucini, Fabio Riva, Ryota Imazawa, Sandra C. Chapman, Anders Nielsen, P. Cahyna, Nick Walkden, Michael Barnes, I. Fitzgerald, C. Gurl, G. Fishpool, A. Patel, Takuma Yamada, M. Cecconello, M. Turnyanskiy, Ben F. McMillan, A. R. Field, G. Cunningham, Y. Liu, T.R. Barrett, F. J. Casson, Michael F. J. Fox, M. Cox, G. Naylor, A.J. Thornton, Matthew Carr, Nicolas Fedorczak, R. Scannell, L. Pangione, L. Garzotti, N. C. Hawkes, Hiroshi Tanabe, T. Farley, Yasushi Ono, M. Evans, Gen Motojima, Daniel Dunai, T. O'Gorman, S. Saarelma, William Dorland, H. F. Meyer, G. McArdle, B. Huang, E. Havlickova, T. Watanabe, Michiaki Inomoto, R. O. Dendy, Paolo Ricci, Edmund Highcock, F. van Wyk, H. Leggate, Matthias Komm, Jens Madsen, Alexander Schekochihin, S. A. Silburn, I. T. Chapman, S.M. Kaye, Hajime Tanaka, Jeppe Olsen, F. Militello, S. D. Pinches, R. V. Perez, D. Harting, K. G. McClements, Jarrod Leddy, C. M. Roach, Roddy G. L. Vann, Luke Easy, Walter Guttenfelder, Patrick Tamain, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, M. G. O'Mullane, John Omotani, W. A. Cooper, B. Lloyd, Felix I. Parra, K. J. Gibson, EUROfusion Mst Team, S. Cardnell, N. J. Conway, O. M. Jones, W. Lai, J. Young, S. S. Henderson, Brendan M. Crowley, Romualdo Martín, Neal Crocker, A. Meakins, A. V. Danilov, Ray M. Sharples, D. L. Keeling, M. Gorelenkova, J. Simpson, J. Hollocombe, J. Adamek, Bogdan Hnat, N. Ben Ayed, L Kogan, Matthew Reinke, M. Valovic, J. R. Harrison, Bruce Lipschultz, Vladimir Shevchenko, Clive Michael, J. Storrs, M. Romanelli, M. Price, S. E. Sharapov, John Howard, J. Mailloux, N. Thomas-Davies, D. Muir, Stanislas Pamela, David Dickinson, James W. Bradley, M. Kocan, J. Chorley, Philippa Browning, H. P. Summers, Yuichi Takase, Vyacheslav S. Lukin, G. P. Maddison, J. Milnes, Keii Gi, L. Appel, Adam Stanier, Daniel Thomas, S. Allan, Ivan Lupelli, Young-chul Ghim, D. F. Howell, J. C. Hillesheim, S.W. Lisgo, A. N. Saveliev, David Taylor, W. Boeglin, Kazutake Kadowaki, J. Brunner, C. Ham, R. J. Akers, D. S. Darrow, B. Lomanowski, T. C. Hender, S. Elmore, Mast Team, Simon Freethy, S. Zoletnik, Kouji Shinohara, MAST Team, and EUROfusion MST1 Team
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Turbulence, Divertor, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonant magnetic perturbations, Physics - Plasma Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Computational physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Pedestal, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Electron temperature, 010306 general physics
Abstract: New results from MAST are presented that focus on validating models in order to extrapolate to future devices. Measurements during start-up experiments have shown how the bulk ion temperature rise scales with the square of the reconnecting field. During the current ramp up models are not able to correctly predict the current diffusion. Experiments have been performed looking at edge and core turbulence. At the edge detailed studies have revealed how filament characteristic are responsible for determining the near and far SOL density profiles. In the core the intrinsic rotation and electron scale turbulence have been measured. The role that the fast ion gradient has on redistributing fast ions through fishbone modes has led to a redesign of the neutral beam injector on MAST Upgrade. In H-mode the turbulence at the pedestal top has been shown to be consistent with being due to electron temperature gradient modes. A reconnection process appears to occur during ELMs and the number of filaments released determines the power profile at the divertor. Resonant magnetic perturbations can mitigate ELMs provided the edge peeling response is maximised and the core kink response minimised. The mitigation of intrinsic error fields with toroidal mode number n>1 has been shown to be important for plasma performance., 34 pages, 10 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Nuclear Fusion. IoP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Published: 2016

13. Overview of new MAST physics in anticipation of first results from MAST Upgrade

Author: O. Marshall, R. V. Perez, D. Robb, Ben F. McMillan, Michael Barnes, K. J. Gibson, C. Ham, R. J. Akers, J. Lovell, Fabio Riva, L. Piron, J. S. Allcock, Sandra C. Chapman, S.W.A. Irvine, Kurt Flesch, Junchao Huang, I. Klimek, C. D. Challis, S. A. Silburn, A. Kirk, A. Meakins, S. F. Smith, I. Waters, Sean Conroy, G. Naylor, L. Pangione, I. Katramados, Greg Colyer, S. Saarelma, S. Gadgil, Edmund Hood Highcock, Michael Fitzgerald, D. S. Gahle, J. Leland, Paul M. Bryant, S. Hall, Philippa Browning, T. Farley, Saskia Mordijck, L. Appel, T. O'Gorman, Joe Oliver Allen, F. van Wyk, R. O. Dendy, S. S. Henderson, I. T. Chapman, Michael F. J. Fox, H. F. Meyer, Heinke Frerichs, Young-chul Ghim, G. Fishpool, Peter Naylor, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, S. Scannell, R. Stephen, J. Milnes, B. Lloyd, N. Ben Ayed, John Howard, S. Murphy-Sugrue, M. G. O'Mullane, Felix I. Parra, H. R. Wilson, A. W. Morris, S. Gibson, D. A. Ryan, B. Madsen, W. Boeglin, A.J. Thornton, Matthew Carr, K. G. McClements, M. Cox, Ray M. Sharples, S. Allan, K. Mukhi, William Dorland, Oliver Schmitz, G. Cunningham, N. Thomas-Davies, C. Bowman, D. Muir, Colin Roach, O. Myatra, Stanislas Pamela, Mirko Salewski, M. Turnyanskiy, James W. Bradley, Alexander Schekochihin, S. Orchard, Nick Walkden, David Moulton, L. Garzotti, N. J. Conway, R. G. L. Vann, Bruce Lipschultz, M. Price, A. S. Jacobsen, N. Heiberg, G. McArdle, F. Militello, John Omotani, Luke Easy, A. Fil, X. Feng, S. E. Sharapov, L. A. Kogan, Sarah Newton, J. R. Harrison, Bogdan Hnat, A. Sperduti, O. M. Jones, Romualdo Martín, S. Elmore, D. L. Keeling, Matthew Reinke, M. Valovic, Marco Cecconello, A. R. Field, MAST-U Team, and EUROfusion MST1 Team
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Field line, Divertor, MAST, Plasma, Collisionality, Spherical tokamak, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Resonant magnetic perturbations, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Computational physics, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Neutral particle, Mast upgrade
Abstract: The mega amp spherical tokamak (MAST) was a low aspect ratio device (R/a = 0.85/0.65 ~ 1.3) with similar poloidal cross-section to other medium-size tokamaks. The physics programme concentrates on addressing key physics issues for the operation of ITER, design of DEMO and future spherical tokamaks by utilising high resolution diagnostic measurements closely coupled with theory and modelling to significantly advance our understanding. An empirical scaling of the energy confinement time that favours higher power, lower collisionality devices is consistent with gyrokinetic modelling of electron scale turbulence. Measurements of ion scale turbulence with beam emission spectroscopy and gyrokinetic modelling in up-down symmetric plasmas find that the symmetry of the turbulence is broken by flow shear. Near the non-linear stability threshold, flow shear tilts the density fluctuation correlation function and skews the fluctuation amplitude distribution. Results from fast particle physics studies include the observation that sawteeth are found to redistribute passing and trapped fast particles injected from neutral beam injectors in equal measure, suggesting that resonances between the m = 1 perturbation and the fast ion orbits may be playing a dominant role in the fast ion transport. Measured D–D fusion products from a neutron camera and a charged fusion product detector are 40% lower than predictions from TRANSP/NUBEAM, highlighting possible deficiencies in the guiding centre approximation. Modelling of fast ion losses in the presence of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) can reproduce trends observed in experiments when the plasma response and charge-exchange losses are accounted for. Measurements with a neutral particle analyser during merging-compression start-up indicate the acceleration of ions and electrons. Transport at the plasma edge has been improved through reciprocating probe measurements that have characterised a geodesic acoustic mode at the edge of an ohmic L-mode plasma and particle-in-cell modelling has improved the interpretation of plasma potential estimates from ball-pen probes. The application of RMPs leads to a reduction in particle confinement in L-mode and H-mode and an increase in the core ionization source. The ejection of secondary filaments following type-I ELMs correlates with interactions with surfaces near the X-point. Simulations of the interaction between pairs of filaments in the scrape-off layer suggest this results in modest changes to their velocity, and in most cases can be treated as moving independently. A stochastic model of scrape-off layer profile formation based on the superposition of non-interacting filaments is in good agreement with measured time-average profiles. Transport in the divertor has been improved through fast camera imaging, indicating the presence of a quiescent region devoid of filament near the X-point, extending from the separatrix to ψ n ~ 1.02. Simulations of turbulent transport in the divertor show that the angle between the divertor leg on the curvature vector strongly influences transport into the private flux region via the interchange mechanism. Coherence imaging measurements show counter-streaming flows of impurities due to gas puffing increasing the pressure on field lines where the gas is ionised. MAST Upgrade is based on the original MAST device, with substantially improved capabilities to operate with a Super-X divertor to test extended divertor leg concepts. SOLPS-ITER modelling predicts the detachment threshold will be reduced by more than a factor of 2, in terms of upstream density, in the Super-X compared with a conventional configuration and that the radiation front movement is passively stabilised before it reaches the X-point. 1D fluid modelling reveals the key role of momentum and power loss mechanisms in governing detachment onset and evolution. Analytic modelling indicates that long legs placed at large major radius, or equivalently low at the target compared with the X-point are more amenable to external control. With MAST Upgrade experiments expected in 2019, a thorough characterisation of the sources of the intrinsic error field has been carried out and a mitigation strategy developed.
Published: 2019

14. L-mode filament characteristics on MAST as a function of plasma current measured using visible imaging

Author: Fulvio Militello, A. Kirk, A.J. Thornton, J. R. Harrison, and Nick Walkden
Subjects: Tokamak, Materials science, Divertor, FOS: Physical sciences, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Physics - Plasma Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Plasma current, Radial velocity, Protein filament, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Visible imaging, Constant density, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Clear filamentary structures are observed at the edge of tokamak plasmas. These filaments are ejected out radially and carry plasma in the far Scrape Off Layer (SOL) region, where they are responsible for producing most of the transport. A study has been performed of the characteristics of the filaments observed in L-mode plasma on MAST, using visible imaging. A comparison has then been made with the observed particle and power profiles obtained at the divertor as a function of the plasma current. The radial velocity and to a lesser extent the radial size of the filaments are found to decrease as the plasma current is increased at constant density and input power. The results obtained in this paper on the dependence of the average filament dynamics on plasma current are consistent with the idea that the filaments are responsible for determining the particle profiles at the divertor., 24 pages, 17 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IoP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Published: 2016

15. TCV Experiments towards the Development of a Plasma Exhaust Solution

Author: Paolo Innocente, Roberto Maurizio, Christian Theiler, T. Lunt, M. Spolare, G. Calabrò, Bruce Lipschultz, B. P. Duval, Benoit Labit, J.A. Boedo, V. Pericoli, U. A. Sheikh, N. Vianello, C.K. Tsui, Kevin Verhaegh, H. Reimerdes, J. R. Harrison, F. Crisanti, W.A.J. Vijvers, TCV Team, and EUROfusion MST1 Team
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Tokamak, Nuclear engineering, tokamak power exhaust, Flux, divertor physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Snowflake, 010306 general physics, Divertor, alternative divertor configurations, Radius, Plasma, Fusion power, Condensed Matter Physics, detachment, Seeding, Atomic physics
Abstract: Present research towards a plasma exhaust solution for a fusion power plant aims at validating edge physics models to strengthen the predictive capabilities and improving the operating regime and the divertor configuration. The TCV tokamak is used in particular to investigate to what extent geometric modifications of the configuration can affect the plasma exhaust performance by decreasing the peak heat loads, improving the control of the detached condition and enhancing the compatibility of the divertor solution with core performance. Detachment experiments in TCV have so far been restricted to Ohmically heated L-mode plasmas. Recent TCV experiments connect to previous detachment studies using standard single-null configurations, where the onset of detachment is best observed at sufficiently high density when the direction of the magnetic field results in an ion rB drift away from the X-point. The studies were extended to nitrogen seeding and to an entire suite of alternative magnetic configurations, including the variation of the poloidal flux expansion at the outer target, the introduction of flux flaring towards the target (X divertor), the movement of the secondary X-point inside the vessel (X-point target) as well as various snowflake configurations. The snowflake minus configuration has attracted particular interest as recent EMC3-EIRENE simulations predict a large region of radiation between two X-points. In addition to the detachment characteristics the effect of the altered connection length and magnetic shear on turbulent transport is investigated. The recent experiments benefited from a range of improved diagnostic capabilities including a new divertor spectroscopy system, an upgraded infrared thermography system, an extended set of wall-mounted Langmuir probes and a newly installed reciprocating probe. Experiments in 2016 will also be able to take advantage of the newly installed neutral beam injection (NBI) heating system, which allows for auxiliary heating of high density plasmas and thereby for testing of potential solutions under higher heat fluxes and in regimes with a higher SOL pressure.
Published: 2016

16. Scrape-off layer ion temperature measurements at the divertor target during type III and type I ELMs in MAST measured by RFEA

Author: A. Kirk, S. Elmore, S. Allan, G. Fishpool, J. R. Harrison, Nick Walkden, and A.J. Thornton
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Tokamak, Analyser, FOS: Physical sciences, Ion temperature, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, law.invention, Sputtering, Impurity, law, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Ion energy, Chemistry, Divertor, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics, Computational physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Field energy, Heat flux, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Atomic physics
Abstract: In future nuclear fusion reactors high heat load events, such as edge-localised modes (ELMs), can potentially damage divertor materials and release impurities into the main plasma, limiting plasma performance. The most difficult to handle are type I ELMs since they carry the largest fraction of energy from the plasma and therefore deposit the largest heat flux at the target and on first wall materials. Knowing the temperature of the ions released from ELM events is important since it determines the potential sputtering they would cause from plasma facing materials. To make measurements of Ti by retarding field energy analyser (RFEA) during type I ELMs a new operational technique has been used to allow faster measurements to be made; this is called the fast swept technique (FST)., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IoP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Published: 2016
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17. Field aligned flows driven by neutral puffing at MAST

Author: S. A. Silburn, A. Kirk, Heinke Frerichs, J. R. Harrison, Y. Feng, I. Waters, and Oliver Schmitz
Subjects: Length scale, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak, Materials science, Atmospheric-pressure plasma, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, Magnetic field, Deuterium, Physics::Plasma Physics, Ionization, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Neutral deuterium gas puffing at the high field side of the mega ampere spherical tokamak (MAST) is shown to drive carbon impurity flows that are aligned with the trajectory of the magnetic field lines in the plasma scrape-off-layer. These impurity flows were directly imaged with emissions from C2+ ions at MAST by coherence imaging spectroscopy and were qualitatively reproduced in deuterium plasmas by modeling with the EMC3-EIRENE plasma edge fluid and kinetic neutral transport code. A reduced one-dimensional momentum and particle balance shows that a localized increase in the static plasma pressure in front of the neutral gas puff yields an acceleration of the plasma due to local ionization. Perpendicular particle transport yields a decay from which a parallel length scale can be determined. Parameter scans in EMC3-EIRENE were carried out to determine the sensitivity of the deuterium plasma flow phenomena to local fueling and diffusion parameters and it is found that these flows robustly form across a wide variety of plasma conditions. Finally, efforts to couple this behavior in the background plasma directly to the impurity flows observed experimentally in MAST using a trace impurity model are discussed. These results provide insight into the fueling and exhaust features at this pivotal point of the radial and parallel particle flux balance, which is a major part of the plasma fueling and exhaust characteristics in a magnetically confined fusion device.
Published: 2018

18. SOLPS analysis of the MAST-U divertor with the effect of heating power and pumping on the access to detachment in the Super-x configuration

Author: A. Kirk, S. Elmore, A.J. Thornton, G. Fishpool, E. Havlickova, Bruce Lipschultz, S. Y. Allan, M. Wischmeier, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Heating power, Materials science, Power load, Divertor, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Neutral density filter, Leakage (electronics)
Abstract: SOLPS simulations of MAST-U have been carried out to identify in more detail the physics and operational properties of novel divertor configurations such as Super-x divertor (SXD), in particular the physics of detachment. A well diagnosed L-mode discharge from MAST has been utilised to determine L-mode transport coefficients representative for MAST-U L-mode plasmas. Simulations show that under the same core plasma conditions, the MAST-U SXD is strongly detached whilst the conventional divertor (CD) is not (1 eV versus 20 eV at the divertor plate). The detachment and higher power losses (1.6×) in the SXD versus the attached CD lead to a factor of 25 reduction in the target power load and are attributed to changes in radial location of the target. An attached regime can be established for the SXD in L-mode for higher pumping speed and/or heating power. In contrast, the simulation predicts that the MAST-U CD requires 3× higher density or 4× reduced power than the SXD to detach. Comparing two versions of the SXD, each with a different amount of poloidal expansion in the region near the divertor plate, we find that the effect of additional poloidal flux expansion of the SXD on an already detached plasma is small for a change in flux expansion in volume by a factor of 2–3 (target temperature 0.7 eV versus 1.1 eV). The poloidal flux expansion re-arranges the radiation pattern with only a small increase in divertor power losses (1.06×) compared to changing from the CD to SXD topology. By artifically increasing the leakage from the divertor chamber, we confirmed that the tight closure of the divertor region leads to strong increases in neutral density with concomitant power losses.
Published: 2015
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19. Overview of MAST results

Author: M.R. O'Brien, K. Imada, I. Klimek, S. Saarelma, A.J. Thornton, Matthew Carr, John Caughman, A. R. Field, L. V. Wyk, N. Thomas-Davies, M. Cox, D. Muir, Stanislas Pamela, E.D. Fredrickson, David Dickinson, James W. Bradley, J. R. Harrison, S. Lisgo, Vladimir Shevchenko, J. Chorley, B. Huang, R. O. Dendy, A. W. Morris, G. Naylor, Stanley Kaye, M. Kocan, M. Romanelli, J. Brunner, K. G. McClements, T.S. Bigelow, Alexander Schekochihin, Simon Freethy, Clive Michael, C. M. Roach, N. J. Conway, W. A. Peebles, E. Havlickova, Bogdan Hnat, S. S. Henderson, William Dorland, Takuma Yamada, Volker Naulin, C. Gurl, M. Peng, R. V. Perez, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, J. Storrs, S. Zoletnik, Mario Podesta, V. A. Rozhansky, P. Cahyna, W. Guttenfelder, C. Ham, Gen Motojima, Yuichi Takase, S. A. Silburn, G. Taylor, R. J. Akers, H. Leggate, Hajime Tanaka, K. J. Gibson, Bruce Lipschultz, N. Ben Ayed, O. M. Jones, J. Horacek, Romualdo Martín, Neal Crocker, A. V. Danilov, R. Scannell, D. L. Keeling, Eric Nardon, C. D. Challis, Matthew Lilley, S. D. Pinches, M. Price, L. Appel, John Howard, Daniel Thomas, J. Hawke, A. Kirk, Otto Asunta, T. O'Gorman, S. Allan, Brendan M. Crowley, Matthew Reinke, S. Sangaroon, H. R. Wilson, G. P. Maddison, J. Milnes, M. Valovic, H. F. Meyer, Ivan Lupelli, Ray M. Sharples, T. C. Hender, Marco Cecconello, Yang Liu, L. Piron, D. Harting, S. J. Diem, Jonathan Graves, H. J. C. Oliver, Greg Colyer, J. C. Hillesheim, Nick Walkden, J. Simpson, J. Adamek, S. E. Sharapov, G. Fishpool, A. Patel, Sandra C. Chapman, M. Turnyanskiy, Anders Nielsen, S. Elmore, N. C. Hawkes, D. S. Darrow, B. Lomanowski, L. Garzotti, Edmund Highcock, D. Dunai, R. G. L. Vann, Luke Easy, Young-chul Ghim, Fulvio Militello, Y. Ren, A. N. Saveliev, David Taylor, W. Boeglin, J. R. Robinson, L. Pangione, Yasushi Ono, I. T. Chapman, Michael Barnes, W. A. Cooper, B. Lloyd, Felix I. Parra, J. Holgate, Michael F. J. Fox, A. Meakins, Ahmed Diallo, Ben F. McMillan, G. Cunningham, Hiroshi Tanabe, G.J. McArdle, and J. Mailloux
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak, Divertor, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, Collisionality, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, Resonant magnetic perturbations, symbols.namesake, Heat flux, Physics::Plasma Physics, symbols, Langmuir probe, Atomic physics
Abstract: The Mega Ampère Spherical Tokamak (MAST) programme is strongly focused on addressing key physics issues in preparation for operation of ITER as well as providing solutions for DEMO design choices. In this regard, MAST has provided key results in understanding and optimizing H-mode confinement, operating with smaller edge localized modes (ELMs), predicting and handling plasma exhaust and tailoring auxiliary current drive. In all cases, the high-resolution diagnostic capability on MAST is complemented by sophisticated numerical modelling to facilitate a deeper understanding. Mitigation of ELMs with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) with toroidal mode number n RMP = 2, 3, 4, 6 has been demonstrated: at high and low collisionality; for the first ELM following the transition to high confinement operation; during the current ramp-up; and with rotating n RMP = 3 RMPs. n RMP = 4, 6 fields cause less rotation braking whilst the power to access H-mode is less with n RMP = 4 than n RMP = 3, 6. Refuelling with gas or pellets gives plasmas with mitigated ELMs and reduced peak heat flux at the same time as achieving good confinement. A synergy exists between pellet fuelling and RMPs, since mitigated ELMs remove fewer particles. Inter-ELM instabilities observed with Doppler backscattering are consistent with gyrokinetic simulations of micro-tearing modes in the pedestal. Meanwhile, ELM precursors have been strikingly observed with beam emission spectroscopy (BES) measurements. A scan in beta at the L–H transition shows that pedestal height scales strongly with core pressure. Gyro-Bohm normalized turbulent ion heat flux (as estimated from the BES data) is observed to decrease with increasing tilt of the turbulent eddies. Fast ion redistribution by energetic particle modes depends on density, and access to a quiescent domain with ‘classical’ fast ion transport is found above a critical density. Highly efficient electron Bernstein wave current drive (1 A W−1) has been achieved in solenoid-free start-up. A new proton detector has characterized escaping fusion products. Langmuir probes and a high-speed camera suggest filaments play a role in particle transport in the private flux region whilst coherence imaging has measured scrape-off layer (SOL) flows. BOUT++ simulations show that fluxes due to filaments are strongly dependent on resistivity and magnetic geometry of the SOL, with higher radial fluxes at higher resistivity. Finally, MAST Upgrade is due to begin operation in 2016 to support ITER preparation and importantly to operate with a Super-X divertor to test extended leg concepts for particle and power exhaust.
Published: 2015

20. Recent progress of magnetic reconnection research in the MAST spherical tokamak

Author: Brendan M. Crowley, R. Scannell, N. C. Hawkes, T. O'Gorman, Takuma Yamada, Clive Michael, Keii Gi, A. Meakins, K. G. McClements, Yasushi Ono, N. J. Conway, Ryota Imazawa, Michiaki Inomoto, Hiroshi Tanabe, T. Watanabe, Chio-Zong Cheng, I. Fitzgerald, Mikhail Gryaznevich, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Physics, Tokamak, Thomson scattering, Magnetic reconnection, Plasma, Electron, Spherical tokamak, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electron temperature, Plasma diagnostics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: In the last three years, magnetic reconnection research in the MAST spherical tokamak achieved major progress by the use of new 32 chord ion Doppler tomography and 130 channel YAG and 300 channel Ruby Thomson scattering diagnostics. In addition to the previously achieved high power plasma heating during merging, detailed full temperature profile measurements including the diffusion region have been achieved for the first time. 2D imaging measurements of ion and electron temperature profiles have revealed that magnetic reconnection mostly heats ions globally in the downstream region of outflow jet and electrons locally around the X-point. The toroidal field in MAST “over 0.3T” strongly inhibits cross-field thermal transport, and the characteristic peaked electron temperature profile around the X-point is sustained on a millisecond time scale. In contrast, ions are mostly heated in the downstream region of outflow acceleration and around the stagnation point formed by reconnected flux mostly by viscosity di...
Published: 2017

21. Statistical analysis of the ion flux to the JET outer wall

Author: C. Guillemaut, Bruce Lipschultz, Jet Contributors, A. Wynn, David Moulton, G. F. Matthews, Nick Walkden, J. R. Harrison, and Fulvio Militello
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Jet (fluid), Flux, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Computational physics, Ion, symbols.namesake, law, Intermittency, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Langmuir probe, Probability distribution, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Statistical analysis of the ion flux to the JET outer-wall is conducted in outer-wall limiter mounted Langmuir probe (OLP) time-series across a wide range of plasma current and line-averaged density during Ohmically heated horizontal target L-mode plasmas. The mean, μ, and the standard deviation, σ, of the ion-saturation current measured by the OLP show systematic variation with plasma current and density. Both increase as either plasma current decreases and/or density increases. Upon renormalization, achieved by subtraction of μ and rescaling by σ, the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of each signal collapse approximately onto a single curve. The shape of the curve deviates from a distribution in the tail of the PDF and is better described by a log-normal distribution. The invariance in the shape of the PDF, which occurs over approximately four decades of the ordinate, is shown to be the result of a balance between the duration time of the average burst wave-form, and the waiting time between bursts, . This implies that the intermittency parameter, , can be considered constant at the JET outer wall during horizontal target Ohmic L-mode operation. This result may be important both for model validation and prediction.
Published: 2017

22. The appearance and propagation of filaments in the private flux region in Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak

Author: Nick Walkden, G. Fishpool, J. R. Harrison, Mast Team, and A.J. Thornton
Subjects: Physics, Electron density, Tokamak, Divertor, Plasma, Spherical tokamak, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, symbols.namesake, law, symbols, Langmuir probe, Light emission, Electric current, Atomic physics
Abstract: The transport of particles via intermittent filamentary structures in the private flux region (PFR) of plasmas in the MAST tokamak has been investigated using a fast framing camera recording visible light emission from the volume of the lower divertor, as well as Langmuir probes and IR thermography monitoring particle and power fluxes to plasma-facing surfaces in the divertor. The visible camera data suggest that, in the divertor volume, fluctuations in light emission above the X-point are strongest in the scrape-off layer (SOL). Conversely, in the region below the X-point, it is found that these fluctuations are strongest in the PFR of the inner divertor leg. Detailed analysis of the appearance of these filaments in the camera data suggests that they are approximately circular, around 1–2 cm in diameter, but appear more elongated near the divertor target. The most probable toroidal quasi-mode number is between 2 and 3. These filaments eject plasma deeper into the private flux region, sometimes by the production of secondary filaments, moving at a speed of 0.5–1.0 km/s. Probe measurements at the inner divertor target suggest that the fluctuations in the particle flux to the inner target are strongest in the private flux region, and that the amplitude and distribution of these fluctuations are insensitive to the electron density of the core plasma, auxiliary heating and whether the plasma is single-null or double-null. It is found that the e-folding width of the time-average particle flux in the PFR decreases with increasing plasma current, but the fluctuations appear to be unaffected. At the outer divertor target, the fluctuations in particle and power fluxes are strongest in the SOL.
Published: 2015

23. Overview of physics results from MAST towards ITER/DEMO and the MAST Upgrade

Author: Erwin Verwichte, K. Imada, R. Zagórski, J. R. Robinson, A. Kirk, M. Kocan, M. Romanelli, I. T. Chapman, Simon Freethy, G. Fishpool, Ian Abel, E. Havlickova, N. J. Conway, S. Zoletnik, V. A. Rozhansky, Young-chul Ghim, D. F. Howell, Michael Barnes, S. Saarelma, M. Cox, A. W. Morris, K. J. Gibson, G. McArdle, R. Scannell, A. Sykes, Daniel Dunai, E. G. Kaveeva, Bogdan Hnat, M. Price, B. Lloyd, R. J. Akers, Felix I. Parra, Alexander Schekochihin, P. Denner, C. D. Challis, D Temple, T. C. Hender, L. Garzotti, O. M. Jones, A. Allan, M. D. Driscoll, P. Cahyna, A. Darke, N. C. Hawkes, S. Sangaroon, H. R. Wilson, Steven Cowley, Romualdo Martín, S. Elmore, J. Horacek, Michael Lehnen, G. Naylor, Edmund Highcock, R. G. L. Vann, Y. Dnestrovsky, N. Ben Ayed, R. O. Dendy, A. V. Danilov, Wojciech Fundamenski, H. Leggate, P. Molchanov, K. G. McClements, T. O'Gorman, I. Wodniak, P. Voskoboynikov, A. N. Saveliev, J. Seidl, David Taylor, S. E. Sharapov, N. C. Barratt, H. F. Meyer, G. P. Maddison, D. Higgins, Greg Colyer, S. Warder, A. Patel, M. Turnyanskiy, D. Ciric, Eric Nardon, A.J. Thornton, C. M. Roach, J. R. Harrison, Ben F. McMillan, S. Lisgo, Vladimir Shevchenko, G. De Temmerman, Mikhail Gryaznevich, Patrick Tamain, L. Appel, Volker Naulin, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, Otto Asunta, S. Shibaev, P. Dura, D. Stork, Clive Michael, M. De Bock, A. Y. Dnestrovsky, Greg J. Tallents, John Canik, Saskia Mordijck, Yunfeng Liang, Fulvio Militello, G. Cunningham, Yueqiang Liu, Anders Nielsen, G.M. Voss, Thomas Morgan, Matthew Lilley, S. D. Pinches, J. Storrs, J. Mailloux, D. L. Keeling, Matthew Hole, B. J. Crowley, M. Valovic, Marco Cecconello, P. Hill, R. J. Lake, A. R. Field, N. Thomas-Davies, D. Muir, S. Allan, Stanislas Pamela, David Dickinson, James W. Bradley, M. R. Dunstan, William Heidbrink, M.R. O'Brien, MAST Team, NBI Team, and Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak, Heat flux, Physics::Plasma Physics, Turbulence, Divertor, Magnetic confinement fusion, Spherical tokamak, Condensed Matter Physics, Neutral beam injection, Resonant magnetic perturbations, Computational physics
Abstract: New diagnostic, modelling and plant capability on the Mega Ampère Spherical Tokamak (MAST) have delivered important results in key areas for ITER/DEMO and the upcoming MAST Upgrade, a step towards future ST devices on the path to fusion currently under procurement. Micro-stability analysis of the pedestal highlights the potential roles of micro-tearing modes and kinetic ballooning modes for the pedestal formation. Mitigation of edge localized modes (ELM) using resonant magnetic perturbation has been demonstrated for toroidal mode numbers n = 3, 4, 6 with an ELM frequency increase by up to a factor of 9, compatible with pellet fuelling. The peak heat flux of mitigated and natural ELMs follows the same linear trend with ELM energy loss and the first ELM-resolved Ti measurements in the divertor region are shown. Measurements of flow shear and turbulence dynamics during L-H transitions show filaments erupting from the plasma edge whilst the full flow shear is still present. Off-axis neutral beam injection helps to strongly reduce the redistribution of fast-ions due to fishbone modes when compared to on-axis injection. Low-k ion-scale turbulence has been measured in L-mode and compared to global gyro-kinetic simulations. A statistical analysis of principal turbulence time scales shows them to be of comparable magnitude and reasonably correlated with turbulence decorrelation time. Te inside the island of a neoclassical tearing mode allow the analysis of the island evolution without assuming specific models for the heat flux. Other results include the discrepancy of the current profile evolution during the current ramp-up with solutions of the poloidal field diffusion equation, studies of the anomalous Doppler resonance compressional Alfvén eigenmodes, disruption mitigation studies and modelling of the new divertor design for MAST Upgrade. The novel 3D electron Bernstein synthetic imaging shows promising first data sensitive to the edge current profile and flows. © 2013 IAEA, Vienna.
Published: 2013

24. Understanding edge-localized mode mitigation by resonant magnetic perturbations on MAST

Author: R. Scannell, C. J. Ham, I. T. Chapman, Eric Nardon, A. Kirk, J. R. Harrison, G. Fishpool, Y. Liang, S. Saarelma, A.J. Thornton, Yueqiang Liu, P. Cahyna, and P. Denner
Subjects: Physics, Mode number, Mast (sailing), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Pedestal, Threshold current, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Pressure gradient, Resonant magnetic perturbations, Computational physics
Abstract: Sustained ELM mitigation has been achieved using RMPs with a toroidal mode number of n=4 and n=6 in lower single null and with n=3 in connected double null plasmas on MAST. The ELM frequency increases by up to a factor of eight with a similar reduction in ELM energy loss. A threshold current for ELM mitigation is observed above which the ELM frequency increases approximately linearly with current in the coils. A comparison of the filament structures observed during the ELMs in the natural and mitigated stages shows that the mitigated ELMs have the characteristics of type I ELMs even though their frequency is higher, their energy loss is reduced and the pedestal pressure gradient is decreased. During the ELM mitigated stage clear lobe structures are observed in visible-light imaging of the X-point region. The size of these lobes is correlated with the increase in ELM frequency observed. The RMPs produce a clear 3D distortion to the plasma and it is likely that these distortions explain why ELMs are destabilised and hence why ELM mitigation occurs.
Published: 2013

25. Towards understanding ELM mitigation: the effect of axisymmetric lobe structures near the X-point on ELM stability

Author: A. Kirk, S. Saarelma, I. T. Chapman, R. Scannell, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Field line, Plasma, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, Curvature, Ballooning, Resonant magnetic perturbations, Pedestal, Physics::Plasma Physics, Atomic physics, Pressure gradient
Abstract: The application of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) with toroidal mode number n = 4 or n = 6 is observed to result in a significant increase in ELM frequency, despite a reduction in the edge pressure gradient. A picture for how type-I ELMs are mitigated, or destabilized, when magnetic perturbations are applied is proposed. Despite the magnetic perturbation incurring a drop in the pedestal pressure gradient, the critical pressure for an ELM to be triggered is dropped even further. Various mechanisms which could cause this degradation of the stability boundary are outlined. The stability of the edge of MAST H-mode plasmas has been tested when lobe structures are present in the separatrix after application of RMPs. The axisymmetric stability analysis presented here shows that when the plasma boundary is simulated with a model for the observed lobe structures included, the ballooning stability is degraded. This degradation in ballooning stability originates from the perturbed field lines dwelling in the region of unfavourable curvature due to the presence of lobe structures rather than the change in the plasma boundary shape.
Published: 2012

26. H-mode access by pellet fuelling in the MAST tokamak

Author: M. Valovič, G. Naylor, R. J. Akers, L. Garzotti, C. Gurl, Clive Michael, R. Scannell, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, law, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Pellet, Pellets, Plasma, High field, Atomic physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Pelletizing, law.invention
Abstract: Access into H-mode is studied in the MAST tokamak when plasma is fuelled by cryogenic pellets. It is shown that pellet fuelling from the high-field side allows access to H-mode in plasmas heated by neutral beams. Simple and two-stage L–H transitions are identified. The results of comparison of the L–H transitions with pellet injection with transitions where plasmas are fuelled solely by gas puffing depend on the gas puff geometry: fuelling by high-field side gas leads to an L–H transition at the density comparable to the transition with pellet injection. In contrast low-field gas can completely prevent the L–H transition.
Published: 2012

27. Plasma profile evolution during disruption mitigation via massive gas injection on MAST

Author: Romualdo Martín, K. J. Gibson, R. Scannell, I. T. Chapman, A. Cullen, A. Kirk, J. R. Harrison, A.J. Thornton, M. Lehnen, and S.W. Lisgo
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Tokamak, business.industry, Thomson scattering, Field line, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Molecular physics, law.invention, Optics, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Thermal, Magnetohydrodynamic drive, business, Order of magnitude
Abstract: Massive gas injection (MGI) is one means of ameliorating disruptions in future devices such as ITER, where the stored energy in the plasma is an order of magnitude larger than in present-day devices. The penetration of the injected impurities during MGI in MAST is diagnosed using a combination of high-speed (20 kHz) visible imaging and high spatial (1 cm) and temporal (0.1 ms) resolution Thomson scattering (TS) measurements of the plasma temperature and density. It is seen that the rational surfaces, in particular q = 2, are the critical surfaces for disruption mitigation. The TS data shows the build-up of density on rational surfaces in the edge cooling period of the mitigation, leading to the collapse of the plasma in a thermal quench. The TS data are confirmed by the visible imaging, which shows filamentary structures present at the start of the thermal quench. The filamentary structures have a topology which matches that of a q = 2 field line in MAST, suggesting that they are located on the q = 2 surface. Linearized magnetohydrodynamic stability analysis using the TS profiles suggests that the large density build-up on the rational surfaces drives modes within the plasma which lead to the thermal quench. The presence of such modes is seen experimentally in the form of magnetic fluctuations on Mirnov coils and the growth of an n = 1 toroidal mode in the period prior to the thermal quench. These results support the observations of other machines that the 2/1 mode is the likely trigger for the thermal quench in a mitigated disruption and suggests that the mitigation process in spherical tokamaks is similar to that in conventional aspect ratio devices.
Published: 2012

28. An improved understanding of the roles of atomic processes and power balance in divertor target ion current loss during detachment

Author: B. P. Duval, Christian Theiler, N. Vianello, Kevin Verhaegh, Roberto Maurizio, W. A. J. Vijvers, Bruce Lipschultz, U. A. Sheikh, H. De Oliveira, J. R. Harrison, M. Wensing, C.K. Tsui, A. Fil, Olivier Février, C. Marini, C. Bowman, H. Reimerdes, D. S. Gahle, and Benoit Labit
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Tokamak, FOS: Physical sciences, divertor detachment, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, law.invention, law, Ionization, divertor power and particle balance, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, divertor diagnostics, QC, tokamac configuration variable, Range (particle radiation), Divertor, Ion current, Condensed Matter Physics, Ion source, Physics - Plasma Physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), power exhaust experiments, experiment to model comparisons, Electron temperature, TCV, fusion plasma divertor, Atomic physics, tokamaks
Abstract: The process of divertor detachment, whereby heat and particle fluxes to divertor surfaces are strongly diminished, is required to reduce heat loading and erosion in a magnetic fusion reactor to acceptable levels. In this paper the physics leading to the decrease of the total divertor ion current (It), or 'roll-over', is experimentally explored on the TCV tokamak through characterization of the location, magnitude and role of the various divertor ion sinks and sources including a complete analysis of particle and power balance. These first measurements of the profiles of divertor ionisation and hydrogenic radiation along the divertor leg are enabled through novel spectroscopic techniques. Over a range in TCV plasma conditions (plasma current and electron density, with/without impurity-seeding) the $I_t$ roll-over is ascribed to a drop in the divertor ion source; recombination remains small or negligible farther into the detachment process. The ion source reduction is driven by both a reduction in the power available for ionization, Precl, and concurrent increase in the energy required per ionisation, $E_{ion}$: often described as 'power starvation' (or 'power limitation'). The detachment threshold is found experimentally (in agreement with analytic model predictions) to be $\sim P_{recl}/I_t {E_{ion}} \sim 2$, corresponding to a target electron temperature, $T_t \sim E_{ion}/{\gamma}$ where ${\gamma}$ is the sheath transmission coefficient. The target pressure reduction, required to reduce the target ion current, is driven both by volumetric momentum loss as well as upstream pressure loss. The measured evolution through detachment of the divertor profile of various ion sources/sinks as well as power losses are quantitatively reproduced through full 2D SOLPS modelling through the detachment process as the core density is varied., Comment: The analysis part of this paper is now presented arxiv:1903.08157

29. Nitrogen-seeded divertor detachment in TCV L-mode plasmas

Author: Bruce Lipschultz, Roberto Maurizio, Kevin Verhaegh, Jose Boedo, H. Reimerdes, H. De Oliveira, C.K. Tsui, C. Wüthrich, J. R. Harrison, Olivier Février, Benoit Labit, Christian Theiler, and B. P. Duval
Subjects: Electron density, Materials science, sol, particle, field reversal, fluctuations, scrape-off layer, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0103 physical sciences, divertor, alcator c-mod, 010306 general physics, Divertor, collisionality, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, density limit, Condensed Matter Physics, Nitrogen, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Heat flux, detachment, transport, Electron temperature, radiative cooling, Seeding, Atomic physics, physics
Abstract: Most of the detachment experiments done to date on the tokamak a configuration variable (TCV), both in standard and alternative divertor geometries, focused on L-mode integrated core density ramps. In view of extending these studies to high-power, high-confinement regimes, where impurity seeding will be necessary for detachment, the properties of nitrogen seeded L-mode detachment in TCV are assessed here with the extensive set of edge and divertor diagnostics and similarities and differences with integrated core density (< n(e)>) ramp detachment experiments are elucidated. It is found that in high current, reversed field plasmas, detachment at the outer target is achieved with N-2-seeding and density ramps, with target heat flux reductions of up to 90%, while the inner target only detaches with seeding. The Scrape-Off Layer radiation fraction reaches values of 60%-80% and in all situations, a stable radiator can form around the X-point. The most striking difference between seeding and density ramp is the behavior of the upstream quantities. During the < n(e)>-ramp, a broadening of the upstream density profile (density 'shoulder') occurs, concurrent with the outer target ion flux roll-over, while no such behavior occurs during nitrogen seeded detachment. Separatrix density, electron temperature and pressure also evolve strongly with increasing density, and are largely unaffected by the injection of nitrogen. Comparison of upstream and target pressures reveals that, in all cases, the outer target ion flux reduction coincides with the development of a parallel gradient of the total pressure. Common to all cases is also a reduction of energy confinement time with detachment, although this effect is weak for seeding at relatively high density. Studying the impact of the del B-drift direction in both nitrogen seeding and core density ramps reveals that drifts mainly affect the behavior at the inner strike point, highlighting the need to include them in edge transport simulations.

30. Using SOLPS to confirm the importance of total flux expansion in Super-X divertors

Author: David Moulton, D. P. Coster, Bruce Lipschultz, and J. R. Harrison
Subjects: Fusion, Electron density, Divertor, Flux, Plasma, Radius, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Magnetic field, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Electron temperature, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: We show that a central characteristic of Super-X divertors, total flux expansion f R (defined as the ratio of the elementary area normal to the magnetic field at the target to that at the X-point), significantly changes the characteristics of the target plasma for fixed upstream conditions. To isolate the effect of total flux expansion from other effects, we utilise SOLPS-5.0 simulations of an isolated slot divertor leg in a minimally complex, rectangular geometry. The grid is rotated outwards about a fixed X-point in order to perform a scan in which only the total flux expansion increases, by means of a decrease in the target magnetic field at higher major radius. We find that if the SOL remains in the attached, conduction-limited regime throughout the scan, the target electron density scales approximately as , while the target electron temperature scales approximately as , in good agreement with the modified two-point model presented in Petrie et al (2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 113024). If, however, the SOL transitions from the sheath-limited regime to the conduction-limited regime during the scan, the simulated scalings of target electron temperature and density are weaker than predicted by the modified two-point model. The upstream density for transition from sheath- to conduction-limited regimes is found to scale approximately with , in agreement with the modified two-point model. Assessing upstream-density-driven detachment onset, we find that the target electron temperature at which target density rollover occurs (∼0.6 eV) is independent of f R. Given this, the modified two-point model predicts a halving of the upstream (and target) densities at which rollover occurs when f R is doubled, in good agreement with the simulation results.
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31. The role of particle, energy and momentum losses in 1D simulations of divertor detachment

Author: Luke Townley, Benjamin Daniel Dudson, J. R. Harrison, Cheryl Si Ching Lau, Ben Chapman, Joe Oliver Allen, Bruce Lipschultz, David Moulton, and T. Body
Subjects: Physics, Momentum (technical analysis), Divertor, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Ion current, Plasma, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Charged particle, Physics - Plasma Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, 010306 general physics
Abstract: A new 1D divertor plasma code, SD1D, has been used to examine the role of recombination, radiation, and momentum exchange in detachment. Neither momentum or power losses by themselves are found to be sufficient to produce a reduction in target ion flux in detachment (flux rollover); radiative power losses are required to a) limit and reduce the ionization source and b) access low-target temperature, T_target, conditions for volumetric momentum losses. Recombination is found to play little role at flux rollover, but as T_target drops to temperatures around 1eV, it becomes a strong ion sink. In the case where radiative losses are dominated by hydrogen, the detachment threshold is identified as a minimum gradient of the energy cost per ionisation with respect to T_target. This is also linked to thresholds in T_target and in the ratio of upstream pressure to power flux. A system of determining the detached condition is developed such that the divertor solution at a given T_target (or lack of one) is determined by the simultaneous solution of two equations for target ion current - one dependent on power losses and the other on momentum. Depending on the detailed momentum and power loss dependence on temperature there are regions of T_target where there is no solution and the plasma 'jumps' from high to low T_target states. The novel analysis methods developed here provide an intuitive way to understand complex detachment phenomena, and can potentially be used to predict how changes in the seeding impurity used or recycling aspects of the divertor can be utilised to modify the development of detachment., Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
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31 results on '"J R, Harrison"'

1. The role of edge plasma parameters in H-mode density limit on the JET-ILW

2. Development of a real-time algorithm for detection of the divertor detachment radiation front using multi-spectral imaging

3. Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: From conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond

4. Dependence on plasma shape and plasma fueling for small edge-localized mode regimes in TCV and ASDEX Upgrade

5. Development and simulation of multi-diagnostic Bayesian analysis for 2D inference of divertor plasma characteristics

6. MAST Upgrade Divertor Facility : A Test Bed for Novel Divertor Solutions

7. Filamentary velocity scaling validation in the TCV tokamak

8. OVERVIEW OF PHYSICS STUDIES ON ASDEX UPGRADE

9. Improved Understanding of the Ball-Pen Probe through Particle-In-Cell Simulations

10. Interpretation of scrape-off layer profile evolution and first-wall ion flux statistics on JET using a stochastic framework based on filamentary motion

11. The role of ELM filaments in setting the ELM wetted area in MAST and the implications for future devices

12. Overview of recent physics results from MAST

13. Overview of new MAST physics in anticipation of first results from MAST Upgrade

14. L-mode filament characteristics on MAST as a function of plasma current measured using visible imaging

15. TCV Experiments towards the Development of a Plasma Exhaust Solution

16. Scrape-off layer ion temperature measurements at the divertor target during type III and type I ELMs in MAST measured by RFEA

17. Field aligned flows driven by neutral puffing at MAST

18. SOLPS analysis of the MAST-U divertor with the effect of heating power and pumping on the access to detachment in the Super-x configuration

19. Overview of MAST results

20. Recent progress of magnetic reconnection research in the MAST spherical tokamak

21. Statistical analysis of the ion flux to the JET outer wall

22. The appearance and propagation of filaments in the private flux region in Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak

23. Overview of physics results from MAST towards ITER/DEMO and the MAST Upgrade

24. Understanding edge-localized mode mitigation by resonant magnetic perturbations on MAST

25. Towards understanding ELM mitigation: the effect of axisymmetric lobe structures near the X-point on ELM stability

26. H-mode access by pellet fuelling in the MAST tokamak

27. Plasma profile evolution during disruption mitigation via massive gas injection on MAST

28. An improved understanding of the roles of atomic processes and power balance in divertor target ion current loss during detachment

29. Nitrogen-seeded divertor detachment in TCV L-mode plasmas

30. Using SOLPS to confirm the importance of total flux expansion in Super-X divertors

31. The role of particle, energy and momentum losses in 1D simulations of divertor detachment

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31 results on '"J R, Harrison"'

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