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This paper proposes an analytical method for the selection of the machine parameters and inverters power ratings of a synchronous motor operated in Open-End Winding (OEW) configuration with one of the two Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs) connected to a floating capacitor (FC) in order to meet a specific torque-speed profile. With the derived normalized expressions and curves all the suitable synchronous motors operated with an OEW-FC and a standard 2L-VSI drive can be easily compared according to the power rating and desired speed-torque characteristic.

A prominent and realistic problem in the domain of magnetics is the optimal design of a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. A key challenge is designing a BLDC motor such that it functions efficiently with a minimum cost of materials to achieve maximum efficiency. Recently, a novel optimization technique inspired by nature, called the Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer (CHIO), is proposed. The inspiration for this technique derives from the idea of herd immunity as a way of combating the coronavirus pandemic. A variant of Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer called Multi-Objective Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer (MOCHIO) is proposed in this paper, and it has been directly used to optimize the BLDC motor design optimization problem. The BLDC motor design problem has two main objectives, such as minimization of the motor mass and maximization of the motor efficiency with five constraints and five design variables. First, MOCHIO is tested with benchmark functions and then applied to the BLDC motor design problem. In addition, the experimental results are compared with the multi-objective whale optimization algorithm (MOWOA), multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MOGWO), multi-objective particle swarm optimizer (MOPSO), multi-objective moth flame optimizer (MOMFO), and multi-objective bat algorithm (MOBA) are presented to confirm the viability and dominance of the proposed MOCHIO algorithm.

More efficient cooling systems are an enabler for the increase in power density in an electric traction motor. Contemplating to existing reviews, this article presents a comprehensive collection of heat transfer mechanisms for the different heat removal techniques used in electric traction motors. In this article, an overview of various cooling concepts in existing and future traction motors is presented, and the cooling approaches are compared. The following literature review compiles geometry-based calculation formulas of the different mechanisms of cooling heat transfer applied in motor technology. Furthermore, general heat transfer phenomena appearing in electric traction motors are reviewed and compiled for easy access. Various specifically relevant aspects, including rotor shaft cooling, different spray cooling concepts, different air convection phenomena, bearing heat transfer, and the stator-housing contact, are examined in more detail. For validation of the review result, based on a well-known motor design, thermal analysis and comparison of the different cooling methods are carried out. Modeling is done with a lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN). This article concludes by demonstrating the advantages and disadvantages of the different cooling concepts based on the collection of modeling data.

The Taguchi optimization method is an efficient method for motor design optimization. However, it is hard to handle the multiobjective motor optimization problem with big design space for the parameters. To deal with this problem, in this article, a fuzzy method and sequential Taguchi method to optimize an inter permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is employed. The fuzzy inference system is introduced to convert the multiple objectives to a single-objective optimization problem. The sequential Taguchi method is used to optimize the structural parameters at multiple levels to improve the accuracy of optimization. After the optimal selection analysis, the best combination of motor structure factors is obtained. By comparing the optimization result of the proposed method with that of the conventional Taguchi optimization method, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified.

To solve the low power factor and efficiency of the conventional induction motor (IM), ordinary single-layer windings are changed to ring windings (RW) to improve motor performance. Firstly, structural features of RW are described. Then a dual-rotor ring winding induction motor (DRRWIM) is proposed, and the structure, magnetic circuit and circuit characteristics of DRRWIM are analyzed. Based on the analysis result, the motor design method for DRRWIM is proposed. The basic size is determined through the proposed method, and the electromagnetic performance of DRRWIM is calculated. Finally, a comparison between DRRWIM and the Y-type traditional IM with the same power and poles number proves that DRRWIM is more efficient and energy- saving.

Background: For the cooling system of the traditional new-type engine and new-energy vehicle, the water pump is the core component. If the design of the water pump is not reasonable, the engine will be overcooled or overheated, which will affect the efficiency of the engine. Therefore, it is significant to propose a design method of electronic water pump for automobiles based on active regulation. Objective: In this study, an electric water pump was designed according to the following working condition: n = 4200r/min Q = 90L/min, and H #8805: 4.4m. The flow, head, and efficiency and power of this electric water pump will be discussed. And a brushless, direct current motor for this pump was designed and analyzed. Methods: The flow details of the pump, such as pressure distribution, velocity distribution, and turbulent kinetic energy distribution were obtained by Pumplinx. The head, efficiency, and power of the pump were established by the analysis of the flow field of the pump. Then, based on the working conditions of the pump mentioned above, a brushless direct current motor for the pump was designed by Maxwell and its performance was also analyzed. Results: The experimental results showed that the maximum efficiency of the motor reached 72%, the maximum efficiency point of the motor was near the rated speed, and the efficiency of the motor at rated power was 66.31%. Conclusion: The results showed that the complex condition of running water inside the pump can be exactly stimulated by the computational fluid dynamics technique, especially about the pump head and its efficiency, which provided the theoretical foundation for the later application research and development of automotive electronic water pump.

Single-phase induction motors (SPIMs) are commonly used in domestic and industrial applications because of their robustness, low power rating, and simple input power requirement. Due to their widespread application, the dynamic performance and efficiency at the operating point have become vital to ensure energy conservation. This paper is aimed to optimise both the dynamic performance and efficiency of SPIM for water pump application at rated speed. Multi-objective optimisation is performed by employing the genetic algorithm using a Maxwell-2D transient solver. The analysis presents the comparison between the optimised and basic motor designs while considering various manufacturing constraints. The study proposes a framework for performance enhancement of SPIM while verifying the optimal solution through sensitivity analysis. The obtained results show the high performance of optimised SPIM design with a 17% increase in efficiency compared to the basic motor.

This letter proposes a design method of a compact embedded hydraulic power unit (HPU) for a bipedal robot and a controller to regulate the supply pressure. The HPU consists of an integrated pump-motor unit. The unit is immersed in hydraulic oil for efficient space utilization and heat dissipation from the motor. This HPU design is analyzed to establish a relationship between the thermal variables and the motor design parameters such as gap radius and wire radius via its thermal and electrical modeling. Through this analysis, the design parameters of suitable pump-driving motor are chosen. This letter also proposes a control method for the HPU to regulate the supply pressure while minimizing the energy loss caused by the bypass through a pressure-regulating valve. The HPU is mounted on top of the bipedal robot platform, LIGHT, with twelve degrees of freedom actuated by the proposed HPU. Finally, the durability of the designed HPU is demonstrated through a long-term driving test at a high pressure. Furthermore, air-walking and squat motion experiments are conducted with the bipedal robot to demonstrate the capabilities of the HPU and its controller.

Due to the need for developing technology and comfort today, the use of electric motors increases in different fields such as pumps, household appliances, fans, aerospace and mixers. This affects energy consumption and production costs, and ultimately triggered the development of higher performance motors. Because of the multi-parameter designs and nonlinear structure of electric motor, it has become very important the use of multi-objective optimization algorithms in design studies on electric motors. At the same time, real-time simulations are provided by using finite element analysis programs to reduce test costs. This study purposes analysis and multi-objective design optimization of a direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor with external rotor for low speed and high torque mixer applications. So, the third-generation algorithm NSGAIII was used and compared with the second-generation algorithm NSGAII. To examine both initial design result and optimization results Ansys/Maxwell program was used. According to the initial result, optimized motor geometries provided an efficiency increase of about 3.54% and a cost reduction of about 17%. In addition, the search strategies of both algorithms were compared on motor design parameters.

In this paper, a novel linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) is introduced in which the total electromagnetic losses and dimensions are significantly reduced compared to the conventional LSRMs. T...

Many-objective problems, characterized by a high-dimensional objective space, are a source of challenge for standard methods of multi-objective optimization. An evolutionary algorithm based on the concept of least-conflict solutions is here presented; the shape design of a IPM motor is considered as the case study. In particular, optimization problems dealing with 3 and 4 objective functions have been solved, respectively.

In this paper, we substantiate of the possibility of reducing the weight and size characteristics of electric drives operating under high loads. To solve the problem, a geared motor design was developed. Unlike the existing analogues, the proposed design solutions are based on the use of wave transmission with intermediate rolling bodies, which allows obtaining high values of the gear ratio at small dimensions. The results obtained may be used in the development of small-sized electric drives for moving parts of robotic and mechanical systems.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis of the analysis and modeling of the rotor losses in high speed permanent magnets motors. Design/methodology/approach Three types of losses are as a result of eddy currents in the conductive parts of the rotor. The analysis includes their characterization and the setup of a numerical model using finite element method. The adopted methodology is based on the separation of the losses which allows a better understanding of the physical phenomena. Each type of losses will be modeled and computed separately. Findings It is possible to make a precise estimate of the different losses in the rotor while keeping a relatively short computing time. Research limitations/implications The analysis is applied on a high-speed permanent magnet motor for avionic application. The model is validated with the commercial finite element model (FEM) software Flux2D. Originality/value The developed model allows an important save in terms of CPU-time compared to commercial FEM software while staying accurate. The separation of each losses and their sources is important for motor engineers and was requested for them to improve the designs more easily.

Printed circuit board (PCB) motors are witnessing increased interests and applications in the scientific communities and industry thanks to the advantages of compact size, high power density and efficiency, design flexibility, and low manufacturing cost. PCB has become a feasible and appropriate alternative to conventional round-wire winding. It is applicable to any kind of electrical machines, such as axial-flux machines and radial-flux ones, in many applications. Moreover, it improves electromagnetic and thermal performances, which is affected by some design choices and winding arrangements. This study provides a comprehensive review of the PCB motors including the various aspects of initial electromagnetic design, performance analysis, winding arrangements, PCB coil design, and applications of PCB motors. Key references on the abovementioned aspects pertaining to the motor are discussed. Thus, offering researchers and engineers the most up-to-date information on the developments and progresses with the PCB motor design and technology.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify the failure of a small-scale motor in static tests and provide a solution to prevent it. The small-scale motor in this research has four SRM segments that are modeled on the internal ballistics of the shuttle booster motor and the construction of the Arian5 booster. First, a summary of the factors affecting the failure of solid rocket motors is presented, and then, the small-scale motor design and its prediction of ballistic performance are discussed. Following is the success of the first test and the failure of the second and third tests of the motor and its results. In order to evaluate the causes of second and third motor failure in static testing, the possible causes of the motor failure phenomenon are discussed, and finally, the main cause of motor failure is identified. The most common cause of failure in this project was the human error in defining the assembly of the throat parts and due to the closure of the combustion path.

Given the problem that the drive system of the traditional mine transportation winch outputs a large traction force through the cooperation of an induction motor and reducer to meet the needs of a large traffic volume and heavy-load starting, this paper studies a low-speed and high-torque dual-stator permanent magnet direct drive motor with a separated magnetic circuit. The tinner motor is a torque motor, and the outer motor is a direct drive motor, which is characterized by no magnetic circuit coupling and independent control. The proposed motor has an excellent heavy load starting ability and operation efficiency, and it improves the output torque without increasing the motor volume, which belongs to a special application. According to the working characteristics of the inner and outer motors and the constraints between the overall dimensions, the size equation is derived, and the design principles of the electromagnetic parameters, pole-slot combination and winding structure are described. The torque characteristics and temperature rise characteristics of the motor are simulated using the finite element method and compared with the torque performance and electromagnetic materials cost of the single stator low-speed and high-torque permanent magnet motor with different rotor structures. The results show that the proposed motor has a high torque density and starting torque, and it greatly reduces the motor volume on the basis of a small cost difference.

Axial flux motor design is normally depended on a designer's experience to adjust design parameters, which is vague and complex, for example, torque density and torque ripple are two key factors of a motor to restrain its development, since torque density dominates a motor's volume and weight, while torque ripple determines its stability. Therefore, a general optimizations methodology is required in its design process. To realize this purpose, this paper proposes a general multi-objective optimization methodology for practical motor design. In detail, this methodology is based on Support Vector Machine-Chaotic Cultural Differential Evolution(SVM-CCDE) algorithm for both maximizing the torque density and minimizing the torque ripple, and Yokeless And Segmented Armature(YASA) motor of an electric vehicle(EV) considering practical constraints is presented as a typical example since it is a special topology of axial flux motor(AFM). A comparative analysis is presented in the paper to demonstrate the proposed method's advanced features. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization method is verified by finite element analysis (FEA) via Ansys software, the results well agree the analyses and further validate the proposed method. The proposed method is a potential feasible solution to improve the EV's motor design in the coming future.

This paper presents the design, control, and experimental performance evaluation of a long-stroke planar switched reluctance motor (PSRM) for positioning applications. Based on comprehensive consideration of the electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics of the PSRM, a motor design is first developed to reduce the force ripple and deformation. A control scheme with LuGre friction compensation is then proposed to improve the positioning accuracy of the PSRM. Furthermore, this control scheme is proven to ensure the stable motion of the PSRM system. Additionally, the response speed and steady-state error of the PSRM system with this control scheme are theoretically analyzed. Finally, the experimental results are presented and analyzed. The effectiveness of the precision long-stroke motion of the PSRM and its promise for use in precision positioning applications are verified experimentally.

Overload capacity is a key factor in motor design. When the asynchronous motor works in overload condition, the electromagnetic parameters will change drastically and cause huge loss, which seriously affect the stable operation of motor. This paper investigates the influence of overload operation on the electromagnetic parameters and loss characteristics of asynchronous motor. The analyses are performed on change of current and magnetic density under the influence of skin effect and magnetic saturation. Moreover, the loss distribution of motor under overload operation is statistically processed by loss calculation models, both at copper and iron. The results show that the stator and rotor current will increase rapidly, when the load torque increases. The magnetic density of the yoke in the iron core changes less, and the magnetic density of the tooth changes more. Copper and iron loss will also increase, affecting the performance of the motor. The results of this research provide technical support for the optimization design of asynchronous motor overload capacity improvement.

The popularity of electrical vehicles is increasing rapidly in recent years due to energy generation/consumption ratio, transportation costs, decrease in fossil fuel reserves with increasing population as well as the environmental damage caused by fossil fuels. Therefore, Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) Motor design was actualized in the present study for use in electrical vehicles expected to replace the transportation vehicles of today. Firstly, analytical design of the targeted motor was completed after which the Finite Elements Method was used for modelling. Ansys Maxwell Program is one of the package programs used in FEM. This study was carried out with Ansys Maxwell Electromagnetic Suite version 17.2 . The prototype motor was manufactured after reaching the desired results with Finite Elements Method and experimental studies commenced with the experiment setup prepared in the laboratory environment. Experimental results were compared with electromagnetic results. Finally, the prototype motor was mounted on the ElektroGOP vehicle and it was observed to work without problem at the expected performance during the test drives. Son yıllarda artan nüfusla birlikte enerji üretim/tüketim oranı, ulaşım giderleri, fosil yakıt rezervlerinin azalması ve fosil yakıtların çevreye verdikleri zararlar gibi başlıca etkenler sebebiyle elektrikli araçların popülaritesi hızlı bir şekilde artmaktadır. Dolasıyla elektrikli araç ve ekipmanları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar da artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada günümüz ulaşım araçlarının yerini alan elektrikli araçlarda kullanılması hedeflenen Fırçasız Doğru Akım Motor (FDAM) tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öncelikle hedeflenen motorun analitik tasarımı yapılarak Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi (SEY) ile modellemesi yapılmıştır. Ansys Maxwell Programı SEY'de kullanılan paket programlardan biridir. Bu çalışma Ansys Maxwell Elektromanyetik Suite 17.2 versiyonu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. SEY ile hedeflenen sonuçlara ulaşıldıktan sonra motorun protorip üretimi gerçekleştirilmiş ve prototip motorun, laboratuvar ortamında hazırlanan deney düzeneği ile deneysel çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlar elektromanyetik sonuçlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Son olarak prototip motor ElektroGOP aracına monte edilmiş ve sürüş denemelerinde motorun hedeflenen performansta ve sorunsuz şekilde çalıştığı görülmüştür.

Double three-phase winding is one of the best solutions to improve the fault tolerance of an electric motor which is required to work continuously even under partial fault conditions. Actually, this type of machines is often preferred to custom and expensive multiphase drives, since it can be obtained by dividing the stator winding into two subsets connected to two standard, independent inverters of half the same total power. In the event of a fault, one of the two subsets is simply disconnected and the motor can continue to operate at a reduced power or with some overload of the remaining three-phase system.

The article considers the main ways to improve the modern designs of centrifugal turbomachines. The existing methods of their design are analyzed. One of the development options is considered which consists in using the coaxial impellers location in centrifugal turbomachines. A technique for designing a complex drive is required that allows each impeller to be controlled independently of the other. In order to solve this problem, an electric motor with the independent control function by coaxial rotors can be used. As such an engine, we will consider a design in which two electric motors are located one after another, and the shaft of the first electric motor is inside the second. The electric control circuit proposed in this article for the considered motor design provides independent rotation of the impellers from each other in both directions. An electric motor with independent control of coaxial rotors is a suitable electric drive for turbomachines with a coaxial arrangement of impellers.

Robustness, low cost and high torque density are the main characteristics of switched reluctance machines (SRM) that have made them promising for a variety of applications. In this paper a small diameter, long stack length (small aspect ratio) 6kW SRM is designed. In the first step, the dimensions of the studied SRM are derived based on conventional sizing equations. The significance of the rotor and stator pole arcs and also the effective torque zone as a constraint of the design are discussed. A finite-element study is carried out to validate the analytical model of the proposed SRM. The performance of the machine is comprehensively studied in different operating speeds. Simulation results demonstrate the capability of the machine for operation over a wide speed range.pa Refereed/Peer-reviewed

This study utilizes the machine learning (ML) technique to estimate the power loss of surface-mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) for More-Electric Aircraft (MEA). Existing approaches do not consider ML methods in power loss calculation and only depend on empirical correction factors. The proposed ML aided model is proved to be more precise. Matching the analytical loss estimation with finite-element analysis (FEA) is the main research goal which includes two aspects: iron loss and permanent magnet (PM) loss. They are both based on conventional formulae but this study analyzes the limitation of these equations and the ML correction model can provide dedicated factors for the analytical motor model to make sure that the loss estimation is accurate in the whole motor design space. Average correction factor (ACF) approach is regarded as the comparison method to verify the excellent performance of the proposed ML model.

A high-efficiency hub motor design targeting the whole speed range for electric 2-wheelers is proposed in this paper, along with the design criteria obtained from the measured driving cycle, which reduces FE calculation time while simultaneously maintaining accuracy. Introducing the vehicle dynamical approach, torque demand and power consumption can be obtained. Representative working points are extracted from the driving cycle through the Butterworth filter and clustering algorithm. The motor design applied these representative points has the potential to achieve high efficiency against whole operating conditions compared to design based on single points.

In this study, the design of 50kW permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for electric vehicle applications is presented. In the design process, initially, main design constraints and requirements for electric vehicle are determined and the main dimensions of the machine are calculated. In order to investigate electromagnetic and operational performances of motor, motor design program based on finite element method was used and the motor is analyzed. Then, size and position of magnets which are effective in the performance of PMSM are optimized and compared with a conventional machine.

According to the design requirements of the permanent magnet motor and the actual situation, combined with the requirements of the explosion-proof motor, a mine permanent magnet variable frequency and speed integrated motor is designed, and the composition of the motor is determined to incorporate the design of the explosion-proof characteristics of the mine motor. The detailed design including the electromagnetic and structural aspects was carried out, and then the finite element analysis of the prototype design was carried out using ANSYS Maxwell software to obtain the no-load magnetic density of the permanent magnet inverter integrated machine and the magnetic density of the short-circuit fault. Also analyzed the explosion-proof strength of the iron core of the motor, and verified the rationality of the designed 400KW permanent magnet motor electromagnetic design scheme.

The identification of the optimal number of rotor bars in grid-fed, four-poles, three-phase cage induction motor is addressed in this two-part work for the frequent case of 36 stator slots. The optimization criterion being adopted is the minimization of the electromagnetic torque pulsations in fullload steady-state conditions. In Part I of the work a parameterized winding function (PWF) model was successfully validated through commercially available finite element software. In this Part II of the work, electromagnetic torque is investigated using the validated PWF model as it allows for investigating a wide range of design alternatives in a very short time, taking into account the skewing of rotor bars. Electromagnetic pulsations for different continuously changed number of rotor bars in a rather wide range are numerically evaluated using the torque ripple factor as a performance index. The evaluation is applied to both possible practical cases of unskewed rotor bars and rotor bars that are skewed by one stator slot pitch.

This paper proposes a new design strategy for Synchronous Reluctance machines, with cooperative design in the two environments SyR-e and Motor-CAD. The paper proposes to use the open-source SyR-e for initial, equation based design of the machine. Then, the design is validated and refined in Motor-CAD, in multiple physical domains. This synergy complements both design environments and turns into a comprehensive design package, not yet available in the literature, assembling accessible design equations, magnetic and mechanical FEA and drive operating profiles evaluation to the trademark thermal analysis of Motor-CAD. The cooperative design strategy is described in the paper with reference to the case of a Pure Synchronous Reluctance motor prototype for vehicular traction.

This paper deals with an analysis of the air gap size effect on the other parameters of high speed Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) as average static torque, torque ripple, winding losses, iron losses, mechanical losses, output power and efficiency. At the beginning, there is introduction about state of the art of high-speed machines. The following section presents the state of the motor design before this analysis. Numerical and analytical models and design procedures are used. Subsequently, these procedures are presented. Finally, the obtained results are presented and commented.

The effect of the motor parameters of the outer rotor model, which is intended to be used in electric vehicles, has not been investigated although many inner-rotor models have been studied in the literature. In this study, therefore, a new outer-rotor line start synchronous motor is designed and the effect of rotor parameters on the motor characteristics is presented. Parameters of the rotor geometry are divided into 5 sub-titles; (i) airgap, (ii) round bar diameter, (iii) round bar distance from airgap (iv) magnet bar distance from airgap, (v) magnet thickness and (vi) magnet height. Also, the effect of the skew angle of rotor core is analyzed with 2D multi-slice FEM technique. The results show that the relationship between parameters is very important in terms of torque and flux density, high efficiency, and less cogging at start-up. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Solid rocket motor design matching the thrust requirement of the overall vehicle has become an exigent task. In the present research, an efficient performance matching optimization approach is proposed and applied to the solid rocket motor design. To obtain reliable solid rocket motor designs, refined performance evaluation is accomplished successfully based on the coupling of the level set grain burnback analysis and one-dimensional ballistic simulation by the time-stepping algorithm. Due to the heavy computing burden of the coupled performance solver, a novel progressive matching optimization approach is proposed. This approach depends on partial but not full-burn thrust profile to eliminate inferior candidates, predict superior candidates, advance the simulation and drive the candidates converging to the specified performance. Validation of the proposed solid rocket motor design approach is carried out by two test cases possessing different thrust requirements, and results indicate that the proposed approach is practical and efficient.

This paper proposes a hybrid, multiobjective optimization algorithm enabling global optimum tracking in permanent-magnet (PM) traction motor design. The methodology developed is based on the Artificial Bee Colony technique, strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm, and differential evolution strategy ensuring fast and reliable convergence to the optimal Pareto front. The effectiveness of the derived methodology is compared with other well-established and powerful algorithms from the literature through both appropriate test functions and an application example concerning an unequal teeth surface-mounted PM wheel motor design.

This paper proposes a robust optimization algorithm, enabling global optimum tracking and manufacturing uncertainty factors handling, for high-speed permanent magnet motor design. A new robustness criterion is introduced, considering effectively the impact of the construction tooling uncertainties on the design variables in all objectives. An adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system is adopted acting as a surrogate for the time-consuming finite-element (FE) analyses and results in computationally fast robust electric machine design procedure. The procedure has been validated through FE high-speed motor design.

CNC sliding headstock automat (SHA) has two spindles that work simultaneously along with turning tools and rotary tools to manufacture complex components with higher productivity. The concept of Swiss-style machining is adopted, wherein the job is fed as bars and held in a collet system and cutting happens close to guide bush support. This facilitates slender parts machining with ease. In the present context, guide bush device is developed with an exclusive built-in motor design, compact enough to optimize the end piece. At times, jobs that are machined in the main spindle with the support of guide bush need to be further carried by the sub-spindle. In such a situation, three-spindle synchronization is a challenge. An effort is put to understand the limitations of mechanical and electrical sub-systems to bring out a methodology for three-spindle synchronization.

Recently, while electric vehicles (EV) have substituted the fossil fuel vehicles, the design of the electrical motors with more efficient and less mechanical converters has become mandatory due to the weighting gears, mechanical differentials, and other cost-increasing parts. To overcome these problems, double electrical motors with low speed and high torque have been designed and used in the rear wheels of the EVs without any gearbox and mechanical differential. In this study, a novel outer rotor line-start hybrid synchronous motor is proposed as another solution. For this aim, four different hybrid rotor types, including magnets and rotor bars, have been designed and analyzed. Calculation and estimation of all parameters to design a motor are introduced. All of the analyses were carried out by Finite Elements Method (FEM). One of the analyzed motors, which is called Type-D was selected and implemented because of the best startup performance and better steady-state behavior under the rated load and overload. While holding this motor at synchronous speed under nominal load, in case of overloading, it remained in asynchronous mode, thus maintaining the sustainability of the system. Obtained results prove that the newly proposed outer rotor LSSM has the advantages of both synchronous motor and asynchronous motor. All of the experimental results validate the simulations well. The effects of the magnet alignments and dimensions on the performance of the motors are presented. © 2019 by the authors.

The target of the paper is to present the different methods used to ensure differential protection for MV motors.This protection function is mostly used to protect induction and synchronous motors against phase-to-phase faults. In the event of such faults, the quick response of the differential element may limit the damage that may have otherwise occurred to the motor.The different methods are presented together with the environment (lay-out, impact on motor design, sensors to be supplied…).A case study is presented, the stability and accuracy of each solution is illustrated by simulations.Settings calculation and overall design are addressed. Advantages and drawbacks are presented considering implementation and design.

Driverless cars are expected to become a reality over the next 20 years. The sub-systems within these vehicles will require increased fault tolerance and capability. This is in addition to the already high reliability, efficiency, and performance of today's systems such as electric power steering (EPS). This paper presents a motor design development of such an auxiliary system. Predicted performance of various double-layer and single-layer options are presented and contrasted.

In this paper, a strategy for designing induction motors for traction applications is proposed. The proposed strategy builds on the conventional design of induction motors, but makes emphasis on the differentiating characteristics, which are the constant power speed ratio and overloading capability. A design procedure, which breaks up the motor design into different parts and phases was formulated. The formulated design strategy was then validated by the design of a 3kW traction induction motor using the ANSYS Electronics packages. ANSYS RMxprt was used in conjunction with ANSYS Optimetrics optimization module to create an initial optimum design, which was then verified by using ANSYS Maxwell 2D finite element analysis. The proposed design strategy has been shown to work well.

It is well known and widely accepted that the voltage source inverter (VSI) now dominates the world of electrical drives. Its success is probably due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and the widespread availability of VSs. This popularity has, in turn, influenced the evolution of the semiconductor industry, which has focused in recent years on devices tailored for VSIs. Thus, products such as depletion devices (normally off) and those without reverse voltage blocking have been widely marketed and used.

The paper discusses the development of a high-torque brushless permanent-magnet direct current (BLDC) motor. This motor is designed to operate as a part of gearless electromechanical actuator (EMA) in aircraft. Compared to its counterparts, the BLDC motor of our design has a 20.5% greater specific torque. The paper presents the results of finite-element analysis for this BLDC motor. The specific power reached stands at 0.77 kW/kg. The paper also shows a test mockup of this BLDC motor. This paper describe the technical solutions behind the BLDC motor, intended to reduce both the size and the losses. The contribution of this research to the EMA motor design consists in making such a BLDC motor design that has high specific torque, while featuring minimum mass and volume. The obtained results are important for the efficient implementation of high-torque BLDC motors in aircraft industry as well as for the more electric aircraft concept.

Nature-inspired metaheuristics of the swarm intelligence field are a powerful approach to solve electromagnetic optimization problems. Ant lion optimizer (ALO) is a nature-inspired stochastic metaheuristic that mimics the hunting behavior of ant lions using steps of random walk of ants, building traps, entrapment of ants in traps, catching preys, and re-building traps. To extend the classical single-objective ALO, this paper proposes four multiobjective ALO (MOALO) approaches using crowding distance, dominance concept for selecting the elite, and tournament selection mechanism with different schemes to select the leader. Numerical results from a multiobjective constrained brushless direct current (DC) motor design problem show that some MOALO approaches present promising performance in terms of Pareto-optimal solutions.

In this research, there will be a design driver brushless DC (BLDC), which on the input voltage of the motor driver applying direct current controllers and the implementation mechanism of soft starting the operator of BLDC, which uses fuzzy logic controllers. Testing is done with a view of controlling the application of direct current to the BLDC to many conditions, namely the amount of value given fuzzy logic and the load that is given to the mechanics. The design of the driving BLDC has successfully created and implemented by applying a direct current control and the results obtained in the form of efficiency that is better than the previous design. The soft starting mechanism that controls using the fuzzy logic method possible produces a low inrush current and generates steady conditions that are better on BLDC. For values that are applied to the load, the greater the torque load placed on the BLDC, the higher the initial current needed to achieve transient time equally and opposite that the smaller the torque load placed on the BLDC, then the lower torque the load required to achieve the transient time.

This paper deals with high-speed electrical drives utilizing power electronic converters (commonly abbreviated as ASD, VFD or VSD). Existing solutions vary mainly on the motor side while the power electronic converter is very similar for all cases. Various advantages as well as technical challenges are discussed and illustrated. At certain stages comparisons between conventional and high-speed drives are made. The paper summarizes the experience of a VFD manufacturer based on state of the art technology in medium voltage and multi-megawatt power range. The authors believe that main complexity around high-speed drives is the motor design while the VFD requires only small adaptations or can sometimes be used directly without any modifications of standard design. The technology readiness is evaluated to be on a medium to high level.

Along with the development of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM), the variation of rotor temperature has become the main restriction of Electrical Vehicle (EV) motor design. In this paper, we mainly investigated the relationship between temperature and performance of the motor (output torque, efficiency map, etc.). Simulating results and analysis are given based on the CAE software ANSOFT, using a specific PMSM model equipped with Permanent Magnet (PM) with the grade N38UH. Several conclusions are given to provide a new perspective in motor R&D process, by adding the consideration of relationship between temperature and performance while remaining undemagnetized in normal working condition.

The paper introduced the recent progress in Copper Rotor Motor in China. The development of IE4 and IE4+ copper rotor motors are introduced, and the detailed performance analysis is given. A compacted motor design which use copper rotor for compressors and pumps is also introduced. The technical and economic analysis is also given. A higher performance copper rotor motor based EV driven motor is introduced and the performance analysis is given. A pilot project which used rotor replacement technology to improve the installed motor efficiency will be presented from both technical and economical point of view. The total energy saving potential and the possibility to develop a new efficiency standard for the motor rebuilt will be discussed.

A new class of brushless electric machines with axial magnetic flux (BMAF) is being actively developed for small and medium-power drives. Firstly, they had special and military applications, but now they are widely used in industry. This type of electrical machines is competing with traditional electric machines. Practice makes us develop systems for the optimal design of this class of electrical machines. The article describes a method for the estimation of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generators with segment magnets and trapezoid coils, based on the charts, calculated with a special program, developed by the Department of Theoretical Fundamentals of Electrotechnology, SUSU. The variables, describing the motor dimensions, are the outer and inner diameters, height of coils and magnets, number of pole pairs. Other parameters depend on these ones or supplied by technology. The developed method of estimation provides a quick-time calculation of the axial motor design in engineering practice. This article presents the main results of this work.