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A study is conducted to analyze corporate lobbying on the United Kingdom Accounting Standards Board. It also shows the impact of corporate lobbying on income-related issues. This study uses multi-issue/ multi-period approach.

Retaining school-aged study participants poses a major challenge in any longitudinal research study. Dropouts produce bias in the remaining sample and this loss may affect study findings and their interpretation. Dominant factors that influence retention in pediatric research studies include family versus individual participation, patient management strategies of study personnel, knowledge about the condition or therapy, age and gender factors, credibility within the community, monetary incentives, and altruism. Eleven years after baseline assessment, Studies of Children's Activity and Nutrition boasts a 53% retention of the original biethnic cohort in San Diego. Retention occurred partly due to a trained measurement team which completed sequential observations primarily in family homes and implemented continuous participant follow-up procedures. Approaches for increasing student retention based on carefully designed studies and adherence indicators can assist researchers seeking maximum retention of school-aged participants. (J Sch Health. 2003;73(2):51-57), Success or failure of longitudinal research often depends on retention of participants after they enter the study. Dropouts produce bias affecting study findings and interpretation, so investigators must be alert [...]

Byline: Talat Mahmood (1) Abstract: Based on a longitudinal database we test the 'liability of adolescence' hypothesis which states that new firm hazard rates follow an inverted U-shaped pattern. That is, the hazard rate is low for the initial period the end of adolescence is marked by a hazard maximum, from which the rate declines monotonically. We use a log-logistic model which shows that the 'liability of adolescence' argument describes the hazard rates of new establishments for all two and three-digit industries fairly well. Further, the rate shows that the desegregation of industries matters, and considerable differences are found within and across two and three-digit low-, moderate- and high-tech industries. In assessing the effect of market environment conditions on risk we find that risk to be elevated in a relatively large number of two-digit low- and high-tech industries in the presence of scale economies, but it is substantially reduced in moderate-tech industries. By contrast, the hazard rate tends to be reduced for quite a large number of three-digit low-, moderate- and high-tech industries in comparison with the two-digit industries, indicating a longer adolescence. The influence of start-up size in reducing the hazard rate is apparently similar between two and three digit low-, moderate- and high-tech industries. The impact of market growth on the risk of failure is not much different for both two and three-digit low-, moderate- and high-tech industries. Author Affiliation: (1) Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB), Reichpietschufer 50, 10785, Berlin, Germany Article History: Registration Date: 08/10/2004

The mental distress in employees and influence of working conditions on these disorders is studied by using longitudinal analysis on Canadian labor.