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Introduction: Do we form mental models which bear an analogical relation to the real world like those of a photograph? Has the language of thought an analogue nature (it makes use of mental imagery) or whether it is exclusively of digital nature like language?, Objectives: The basic aim of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing work on mental imagery by extending the research to an unexplored area that of mental partitioning., Methods: The present research sample consisted of 498 participants (234 males and 264 females). We used the SPSS software package in order to analyze our data., Results: According to our results, we detected significant peculiarities in the cognitive performance of the participants in the tasks of mental partitioning of the Moebius strip, indicating certain limitations inherent in human thinking., Conclusions: The position we are led to adopt is closer to that of Pylyshyn (2003), who maintained that visual mental imagery depends on abstract form of thought and on previous knowledge. Specifically, it rests on previous abstract propositional thought and knowledge rather than on concrete perceptual processes like the ones proposed by Kosslyn and Sheppard. The present work investigates a potentially valuable theoretical basis in imagery research for understanding maladaptive imagery across various related clinical disorders, while encouraging multidisciplinary approaches among cognitive psychological/neuroscientific and clinical domains., (Copyright © 2024 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: Specific dietary compounds are essential for cognitive health., Objective: To examine differences in the consumption of macronutrients and inorganic nutrients between people with a higher and lower risk of cognitive impairment., Material and Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the 3Ollin study. Minimal Mental State Examination determined cognitive status. Two groups were obtained from the median of the score: higher and lower risk of cognitive deterioration. Diet was assessed using two 24-hour recalls. Descriptive statistics and comparison analysis of medians using Mann-Whitney U and Spearman correlation analysis were performed between nutrients and MMSE scores. The results were considered statistically significant when p ≤ 0.05., Results: Data from 425 people were analyzed; the median age was 71 years (P25-P75 = 65-77). In the group with a lower risk of cognitive impairment, a higher consumption of calories, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, folate, phosphorus, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin B 6 , vitamin B 12 , zinc, selenium, and lycopene were observed. Also, a greater consumption of fruits and vegetables (p < 0.005)., Conclusions: There are significant differences in diet between groups at risk for cognitive impairment., (Copyright: © 2024 Permanyer.)

Objective: To describe and discuss current evidence on the relationship between cognitive performance, Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS)., Methods: We searched for related articles in different bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo) and performed a narrative review of the literature with the selected articles., Results: To date, evidence has not been conclusive and the effect of MS on BD has not been widely studied, but important correlations have been observed with individual metabolic variables. It is suggested that obesity in patients with BAD is associated wotj worse performance in verbal memory, psychomotor processing speed, and sustained attention. Hypertriglyceridemia in patients with BAD appears to be associated with a lower score in executive function tasks; hypertension appears to be associated with impairment in overall cognitive function., Conclusions: Despite the associations between MS and poor cognitive performance in patients suffering from BAD, more studies are required to precisely determine how these variables are related to each other., (Copyright © 2017 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Previous studies suggest that the severity of alterations in cognitive functions in people with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (BP-I) are directly related to the deterioration in overall functioning and life quality. Altered cognitive function is associated with a worse prognosis of BP-I, however little is known about the relationship between cognitive functions and the clinical features of BP-I., Objective: To establish possible associations between cognitive function and the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of patients with BP-I., Methods: Cognitive function was evaluated by applying a neuropsychological battery to a group of patients with a BP-I diagnosis, who did not have affective episodes for at least 6 months, and who were outpatients treated at the San Juan de Dios Clinic in Manizales. The statistical analysis involved using clustering methocology in order to divide those patients with the best and worst cognitive function and it was later correlated with the clinical and socio-demographic variables., Results: A statistically significant corrrelation was found between the number of years of education and the age the disorder started with alterations in the level of cognitive function (P=.002 and P=.017 respectively). No significant correlations were found with other variables., Conclusions: An early onset of the pathology and fewer years of education seems to be risk factors associated with poorer cognitive function in patients with BP-I., (Copyright © 2017 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Social cognition in schizophrenia is currently one of the major fields of interest in studies of this disorder. It is commonly conceptualised as a set of mental operations underlying social interactions, and therefore related to the ability to interpret and predict the behaviour of others in different social contexts. The research community has defined the functional areas that constitute the domain of social cognition, including, at least, the theory of mind, sensory perception, social perception, and attributional bias. Different bodies of evidence have shown that alterations in these functions in patients with schizophrenia are linked to some of their main psychopathological dysfunctions, such as defects in sensory perception, insight and attributional origin, and authorship of human acts. These behavioural alterations have been linked to structural and functional disturbances in the constituents of the so-called social brain. This includes a set of medial parietal, temporal, and pre-frontal areas that have been associated with some anomalies in the theory of mind, the perception of emotions, and the ability to consider the perspective of others, phenomena commonly found in schizophrenia. Future research in the domain of social cognition should be aimed at clarifying its relationship with the social brain and neurocognition., (Copyright © 2017 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Music therapy is one of the types of active ageing programmes which are offered to elderly people. The usefulness of this programme in the field of dementia is beginning to be recognised by the scientific community, since studies have reported physical, cognitive, and psychological benefits. Further studies detailing the changes resulting from the use of music therapy with Alzheimer patients are needed., Objectives: Determine the clinical improvement profile of Alzheimer patients who have undergone music therapy., Patients and Methods: Forty-two patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease underwent music therapy for 6 weeks. The changes in results on the Mini-mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Barthel Index scores were studied. We also analysed whether or not these changes were influenced by the degree of dementia severity., Results: Significant improvement was observed in memory, orientation, depression and anxiety (HAD scale) in both mild and moderate cases; in anxiety (NPI scale) in mild cases; and in delirium, hallucinations, agitation, irritability, and language disorders in the group with moderate Alzheimer disease. The effect on cognitive measures was appreciable after only 4 music therapy sessions., Conclusions: In the sample studied, music therapy improved some cognitive, psychological, and behavioural alterations in patients with Alzheimer disease. Combining music therapy with dance therapy to improve motor and functional impairment would be an interesting line of research., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To investigate 6-year-old to 8-year-old children's health, nutritional status and cognitive development in a predominantly rural area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa., Methods: Cohort study of 1383 children investigating the association of demographic variables (area of residence, sex, pre-school education, HIV status, height for age and haemoglobin level) and family variables (socioeconomic status, maternal and paternal level of education), with children's cognitive performance. The latter was measured using the Grover-Counter Scale of Cognitive Development and subtests of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (KABC-II). General linear models were used to determine the effect of these predictors., Results: Area of residence and height-for-age were the statistically significant factors affecting cognitive test scores, regardless of attending pre-school. Paternal level of education was also significantly associated with the cognitive test scores of the children for all three cognitive test results, whereas HIV status, sex and their socioeconomic status were not., Conclusion: Children with low cognitive scores tended to be stunted (low height-for-age scores), lacked pre-school education and were younger. Area of residence and their parents' educational level also influenced their cognition., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

A detailed analysis of the literature on consciousness and cognition mechanisms based on the neural networks theory is presented. The immune and inflammatory response to the anesthetic-surgical procedure induces modulation of neuronal plasticity by influencing higher cognitive functions. Anesthetic drugs can cause unconsciousness, producing a functional disruption of cortical and thalamic cortical integration complex. The external and internal perceptions are processed through an intricate network of neural connections, involving the higher nervous activity centers, especially the cerebral cortex. This requires an integrated model, formed by neural networks and their interactions with highly specialized regions, through large-scale networks, which are distributed throughout the brain collecting information flow of these perceptions. Functional and effective connectivity between large-scale networks, are essential for consciousness, unconsciousness and cognition. It is what is called the "human connectome" or map neural networks., (Copyright © 2014 Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Subclinical psychotic symptoms are associated to negative life outcomes in the general population, but their relationship with cognitive performance is still not well understood. Assessing the relationship between performance in cognitive domains and subclinical psychotic symptoms in the general population may also help understand the handicap attributed to clinical psychosis, in which these alterations are present., Methods: Subclinical and cognitive assessments were obtained in 203 participants from the general population by means of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences, the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, the Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The positive and negative subclinical symptoms and their relationship with age and cognition were examined, followed by assessing the influence of subclinical depression scores on the possible relationships between those subclinical psychotic symptoms and cognitive deficits., Results: Inverse relationships were found between frequency in the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences positive dimension and motor speed, and frequency and distress in the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences negative dimension and motor speed. A direct relationship was also found between distress scores of the positive dimension and executive functions. Both positive and negative subclinical symptoms were related to depression scores., Conclusions: Psychotic symptoms, similar to those in the clinical population, may be associated with cognitive deficits in the general population., (Copyright © 2015 SEP y SEPB. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To demonstrate that the implementation of the Cognitive Stimulation (CS) program 'Making a Difference' (MD) improves cognition and depressive symptoms in retired community elders., Method: This was a multicenter quasi-experimental study of 45 community dwelling elders (38 women and 7 men), with a mean age of 75.29, from 3 day-care centers in rural, semi-rural and urban environments in the central region of Portugal. Participants attended 14 sessions twice a week over seven weeks. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were administered at the following three time points: baseline, post-test, and follow-up., Results: From baseline to post-test, there is a statistically significant difference in depressive symptoms (F=7.494; P=.010) explaining 21% of the variance (partial eta squared [ηp(2)]=.21), power=.75, but there is no statistically significant difference in cognition. From post-test to follow-up, there is no difference in both cognition and depression outcomes., Conclusions: Our results showed improvement in elders' depressive symptoms after a seven weeks intervention program but it did not have a protective effect after the three months follow-up. No evidence was found for its efficacy in improving cognition. Cognitive stimulation may be a useful in preventing elder's depressive symptoms when included in their health promotion care plan., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since breast cancer is an important condition in quantitative terms that puts the life and health of Peruvian women at risk (Posso et al., 2015), it is advisable to go beyond objective medical facts (e. g., use of drugs, surgeries, etc.), and also evaluate how the female population of said country experiences, understands, expresses and relates to the disease. Along these lines, this work seeks to analyze the way in which the Peruvian woman experiences and conceives her illness, as well as the way in which she experiences it and faces it day by day. To do this, we study the metaphors and image schemes involved in the discursive construction of the disease from a set of real testimonies from Peruvian women who, after having recovered or in the course of their recovery, decided to tell their stories to inspire and provide support to other women who still suffer from the condition. As a result, the analyzed discourses discover a series of specific representations in which women configure their experience around the disease through conceptual domains involved with war and people, but also with certain rudimentary structures that configure their way of understanding cancer. such as containment, locomotion and force schemas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound global impact, raising concerns about its long-term effects, particularly neurological complications. While studies have highlighted such complications in adults, there is a paucity of research focusing on children.

Understanding how children learn requires three levels of evidence: observations, correlations and experiments. Observations are necessary to allow one to describe patterns of behaviours, while correlational research is necessary to establish that the observed patterns are not due to chance and therefore suggests that they may also exist in the population. A critical integration of the accumulated evidence is necessary to establish testable models of how children learn. Then, interventions, using experimental paradigms, are necessary to assess whether the models established from the two previous steps actually account for child learning. Herein, I described the research that my colleagues and I conducted on reading books to young children — research that addressed the three levels of evidence described above. I also reviewed findings on how digital books can potentially be used to promote language and comprehension skills. Prior to doing so, however, I described the path that led me to study how children learn language from shared reading experiences. The conclusion provides avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion is the property of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Educational research has pointed out the mediating role of professors' intuitive epistemologies in the teachinglearning processes of science. However, we find that research in this regard is scarce despite being essential to achieve changes in the teaching of natural and social sciences. The objective of this work is to examine the epistemological positions of teachers in the fields of science and philosophy to determine if the epistemological positions they hold vary depending on the domain of knowledge. To carry out this research, we used an instrument that consists of two parts: 1) items adapted from questionnaires in use about intuitive and self - developed epistemologies and 2) items from the Literature Epistemic Cognition Scale (LECS) questionnaire adapted to evaluate epistemic cognition in the context of philosophy. The data collected indicate that the participants in this research maintain a constant epistemological orientation in both the domain of science and philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper divides modal matrices into five classes as chromatic compounds of two basic colors, red and blue, which, in principle, are in direct correspondence with the basic speech acts in independent sentences: blue is information (declarative and interrogative sentences) and red is interaction (imperative sentences). Between those two poles we distinguish three chromatic blends, opposed to those with just one single color. In this intermediate space, doubt is represented as more blue than red, and desire as more red than blue, while the same amount of red and blue, violet, characterizes the world of values, and assessment. This classification allows us to identify not only those five basic modal matrices but also new classes encompassing two or more basic ones, according to their respective chromatic proportions: one with blue as dominant, another one with red, and yet two more categories in which neither red, nor blue are dominant. All those categories so defined, either basic or compound, have grammatical and syntactic consequences. Summing up, the chromatic classification, without direct correspondence with interpretable semantic features, is incomparably more flexible than any other previous model when it comes to not only describing the syntactic properties of each class but also showing the mutual relationship between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To recognize creative writing as a tool for psychosocial mediation and as a space to enhance cognitive skills; through which the realities experienced by young people are interpreted through the stories created in the writing workshop oriented within the framework of the project "Weaving political capacities for transitions in territories, in Ovejas, Sucre". Methodology: The realities co-constructed by young people during the sessions of the creative writing workshop are made visible, which involved the participation of seven young people belonging to the Youth Corporation Promoting Peace (CORJUP), which operates in the village of Villa del Carmen and in the urban area of Ovejas. The postulates of phenomenology proposed by the author Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Paulo Freire's popular education, are taken as reference for the work developed with young people. Results: First, the territorial altar constituted a device for creativity; second, metaphor appears as a way to narrate the unnamable aspects of young people's realities; third, the workshop is configured as a possibility for psychosocial mediation; and fourth, it is evident that the gathering allows young people to strengthen cognitive skills that enable them to appropriate the constructed knowledge and recognize its importance for transforming the lived reality. Conclusions: Creative writing seeks to be a sort of stage for transforming the very present that communities inhabit. It is assumed as a space to promote the cognitive resources that make social interaction possible, it is configured as the visionary power to find in the gathering a possibility to transcend conflicts. It also acknowledges that writing shows, elaborates, and transcends the capacity to mediate between individual reality and sociocultural practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article presents findings from broader research aimed at exploring the significance of complementary training programs at the Teacher Training Schools of the Department of Caldas in shaping the relationship between conceptions of childhood and pedagogy in teacher training. Methodology: A hermeneutic phenomenological methodology was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, focus groups, and associative letters to investigate three groups of teachers from each of the four Teacher Training Schools sampled in Caldas. Results: The research findings elucidate the various conceptions of childhood that emerged from the experiences of teachers, shedding light on their significance within the context of teacher training programs. They are synthesized in categories. These categories encompass reduction to developmental stages, the invisibility of cultural change in modern childhood, and conceptions of contemporary childhoods. Conclusions: The findings underscore the significance of teachers' experiences in shaping their conceptions, rooted in their own childhoods. Furthermore, the research highlights the theoretical gaps in teacher training regarding the cultural shifts in contemporary childhoods and emphasizes their critical role in shaping pedagogical practices within teacher training institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this editorial of the monograph in Cognitive Sciences: Towards a Cross-cultural Perspective, a thematic review is presented, which accounts for the object of study, disciplines that underpin the interdisciplinary field of problems, and some current lines of research emerging in the field of study, among which four lines of work stand out. Firstly, studies linking cognitive or neurocognitive variables to the challenge of social diversity; secondly, studies examining the effect of cognition and neurophysiology on the formation of social stereotypes, gender; as well as on processes of discrimination or social and cultural inclusion; thirdly, works on the relationship between cognition and rurality; and finally, research that, from educational and social spheres, seeks to reconfigure the personal experience of social processes such as violence and territorial uprooting, towards new narratives of personal and social experience, which contribute to the sense of life of the individual and their community, as experiences that, although painful, can contribute to the relationship between memory and history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Epilepsy affects from 0.5 to 1% of children worldwide and has a cognitive impact on the patient. Objective: To assess cognitive characteristics in pediatric patients diagnosed with epilepsy. Material and methods: Analytical, cross-sectional study of patients with epilepsy aged 6 to 16 years in a tertiary hospital in Puebla, Mexico. Type of epilepsy, evolution, treatment, and school performance were evaluated. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale IV was used for cognitive characteristics. Mann-Whitney U and phi coefficients were used. It was considered statistically significant a p < 0.05. Results: 95 patients were included, 61.1% were male. Mean: age 11.16 years (± 2.5), school performance 7.8 (± 0.99), time of development: 2.4 years (± 1.4). They were schoolchildren aged 6-11 years (36.8%) and adolescents aged 12-16 years (63.2%); 79% had generalized epilepsy; 93.6% were treated with monotherapy (47.3% with magnesium valproate). The mean intellectual quotient was 90.3 (± 10.02), decreased in 12 patients (12.6%). Working memory was the most commonly affected domain (31.6%), mostly in adolescents with 40% (p = 0.021). Perceptual reasoning and working memory were significantly correlated with developmental time (phi = 0.17, p = 0.04 and phi = 0.49, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Working memory was the most affected cognitive characteristic, especially in adolescents. Working memory and perceptual reasoning were affected by time of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores the impact of an optimistic approach on an individual's life satisfaction. The study aims to understand the relationships between variables and determine whether they align with previous research findings showing that an optimistic approach benefits greater life satisfaction. The study was conducted in Pakistan. Two hundred participants were taken through purposive sampling, belonging to different socio-economic backgrounds. They were administered The Life Orientation Test (LOT) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). To establish inter-item consistency, Cronbach alpha value was found for LOT as (a = .69-.72) and for SWLS as (a = .83-.92). Results showed a positive & relatively strong correlation (r=.473, n=200, p=.000) between the two variables through Pearson correlation test. Further, Regression was applied, resulting in a highly significant relationship f (1, 98) = p<0.05, R2=.552. Despite low optimism scores, a high level of life satisfaction was determined, and when optimism increases by 1 point, the life satisfaction score increases by 2,141 points. Based on the results of the study, the influence of optimism on life satisfaction in the context of Pakistan is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceptions of recurrent forgetfulness or episodes of distraction in daily life are referred to as subjective memory complaints (SMCs). Their nature has been extensively studied in older adults, but their significance and relationship with neurocognitive performance have not been fully addressed in younger adults. Some psychological traits have been suggested as possible moderators of the association between objective and subjective memory performance. The first aim of this study was to analyze the correspondence between the objective and subjective perception of memory failures in young people. Second, we studied whether the psychological trait of neuroticism could be influencing this relationship. To do this, we measured SMCs, different cognitive domains (episodic and working memory and executive functions), and neuroticism in 80 young men and women. Results showed that only immediate episodic memory was statistically related to SMCs. Interestingly, the negative relationships between objective and subjective memory performance only appeared in participants with higher neuroticism. Thus, memory complaints reported by young people could reflect poorer immediate episodic memory performance, whereas neuroticism would play a main role in the association between memory deficits and SMCs. This study provides data that can help to better understand SMCs in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Lusofona de Educacao is the property of Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, CEIEF and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article comprehensively reviews existing literature about the consequences of social isolation after the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and cognition. The objective is to provide useful information that will help to identify the lack of data on some side effects post-pandemic. In addition, the aim is to advocate for research, which leads to evidence of these abnormalities. A search was performed in the databases Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to the present. The terms used were COVID-19, isolation, cognition, remote care, mental health, age, and technology. Finally, 51 articles were selected that coincided with the terms, objectives that were relevant to the work. In addition, the articles met the methodological and validity criteria provided by the databases. Some studies were found that report various degrees of affectation in brain functions in subjects who remained isolated during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 pandemic, whether they have been infected or not. From the analysis of the distinct studies, notable differences between countries according to their economic resources, housing conditions, age, the existence of comorbidities, and emerging intervention tools such as remote care, were some of the main factors that influenced the coping strategies of individuals who were confined. Furthermore, it is evident that there remains a critical need for research employing standardized and specialized neuropsychological tests to measure cognition accurately. In the same way, investigating the effectiveness of current intervention strategies and designing those that are appropriate for each population, given the specific characteristics of the comorbidity caused by the extraordinary situation experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic. El presente artículo revisa lo descrito hasta la fecha acerca de las consecuencias del aislamiento social tras la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental y la cognición, con la finalidad de proporcionar un bagaje de información útil en el encauce de acciones para la identificación de los posibles huecos en la información y la elaboración de investigaciones que ayuden a esclarecer las interrogantes aún existentes. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, del inicio de la pandemia por COVID-19 a la actualidad, utilizando los términos COVID-19, aislamiento, cognición, atención remota, salud mental, edad y tecnologia. Finalmente se seleccionaron 51 artículos que coincidían con los términos, objetivo y resultaban relevantes para nuestra revisión. Los hallazgos demuestran que el daño cerebral posterior a síndrome respiratorio agudo por coronavirus tipo 2, las implicaciones en la anatomía del SN por el aislamiento, la edad, diferencias entre países, los recursos económicos, las condiciones en la vivienda y las herramientas emergentes de intervención como la atención remota, son algunos de los factores que se destacaron en los estudios. Todavía falta la implementación de investigaciones que midan la cognición con pruebas neuropsicológicas estandarizadas y especializadas. Así mismo, falta por analizar exhaustivamente la aplicabilidad de estrategias de intervención ya existentes y diseñar intervenciones adecuadas a cada población dadas las características específicas de los daños causados por la situación extraordinaria vivida por la pandemia por COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVE: To describe the performance in neurocognitive processes and executive functions related to age, start of treatment and type of CH in Mexican school children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional, prospective and comparative study. 33 children with CH participated, aged 8 and 9, female cases predominated, the attention process and executive functions were evaluated with the Neuropsychological Assessment Child (ENI). RESULTS: 58% of the children presented agenesis and 42% other dysgenesis, with early onset of treatment (EoT) in 18% and late onset treatment (LoT) in 82%. All children presented low performance in both visual and auditory attention. Children with agenesis and EoT presented low performance in executive functions and execution processing speed. CONCLUSIONS: The LoT and type of CH (agenesis) have an impact on the development of neurocognitive functions related to school learning, however, not all domains present the same level of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]