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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since breast cancer is an important condition in quantitative terms that puts the life and health of Peruvian women at risk (Posso et al., 2015), it is advisable to go beyond objective medical facts (e. g., use of drugs, surgeries, etc.), and also evaluate how the female population of said country experiences, understands, expresses and relates to the disease. Along these lines, this work seeks to analyze the way in which the Peruvian woman experiences and conceives her illness, as well as the way in which she experiences it and faces it day by day. To do this, we study the metaphors and image schemes involved in the discursive construction of the disease from a set of real testimonies from Peruvian women who, after having recovered or in the course of their recovery, decided to tell their stories to inspire and provide support to other women who still suffer from the condition. As a result, the analyzed discourses discover a series of specific representations in which women configure their experience around the disease through conceptual domains involved with war and people, but also with certain rudimentary structures that configure their way of understanding cancer. such as containment, locomotion and force schemas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Impossibilia: Revista Internacional de Estudios Literarios is the property of Impossibilia: Revista Internacional de Estudios Literarios and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen: Introducción: La prevalencia del burnout en los primeros años de formación médica alcanza niveles preocupantes, pudiendo impactar negativamente en el aprendizaje y desarrollo académico de los estudiantes. La meditación ha demostrado potencial para reducir los niveles de estrés, mejorar la atención y la memoria, y promover el bienestar emocional. Objetivo: Analizar el estado del arte de la literatura respecto al impacto de las intervenciones basadas en la meditación sobre las funciones cognitivas afectadas por el burnout en los estudiantes de Medicina. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión exploratoria siguiendo las directrices PRISMA de los estudios encontrados en PubMed y Scopus, incluyendo un total de 41 registros. Resultados: Los estudios muestran que el burnout aparece en los primeros años de formación médica. Aunque la literatura reporta afecciones en funciones cognitivas como atención, memoria de trabajo, funciones ejecutivas, hay poca evidencia sobre el impacto en la formación de médicos. Conclusión: La meditación presenta evidencia de control tanto del burnout como de funciones cognitivas, pero se requiere de mayor número de estudios como de una sistematización de la evidencia para obtener resultados concluyentes en estudiantes de Medicina. Abstract: Introduction: The prevalence of burnout in the early years of medical training is a cause for concern and can negatively impact the learning and academic development of students. Meditation has been shown to be a set of techniques with the potential to reduce stress levels, improve attention and memory, and promote psychological well-being. Objective: This study aims to analyze the current state of literature regarding the impact of meditation-based interventions on cognitive functions in medical students affected by burnout. Method: A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, examining studies found in PubMed and Scopus, which resulted in a total of 41 records. Results: The studies indicate that burnout levels are established early in medical training. Although the literature reports impairments in cognitive functions such as attention, working memory, and executive functions, there is limited evidence regarding the impact on medical training itself. Conclusion: Meditation shows promise in controlling both burnout and cognitive functions; however, a greater number of studies and a systematic review of the evidence are needed to obtain conclusive results for medical students.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound global impact, raising concerns about its long-term effects, particularly neurological complications. While studies have highlighted such complications in adults, there is a paucity of research focusing on children.

Understanding how children learn requires three levels of evidence: observations, correlations and experiments. Observations are necessary to allow one to describe patterns of behaviours, while correlational research is necessary to establish that the observed patterns are not due to chance and therefore suggests that they may also exist in the population. A critical integration of the accumulated evidence is necessary to establish testable models of how children learn. Then, interventions, using experimental paradigms, are necessary to assess whether the models established from the two previous steps actually account for child learning. Herein, I described the research that my colleagues and I conducted on reading books to young children — research that addressed the three levels of evidence described above. I also reviewed findings on how digital books can potentially be used to promote language and comprehension skills. Prior to doing so, however, I described the path that led me to study how children learn language from shared reading experiences. The conclusion provides avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion is the property of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Educational research has pointed out the mediating role of professors' intuitive epistemologies in the teachinglearning processes of science. However, we find that research in this regard is scarce despite being essential to achieve changes in the teaching of natural and social sciences. The objective of this work is to examine the epistemological positions of teachers in the fields of science and philosophy to determine if the epistemological positions they hold vary depending on the domain of knowledge. To carry out this research, we used an instrument that consists of two parts: 1) items adapted from questionnaires in use about intuitive and self - developed epistemologies and 2) items from the Literature Epistemic Cognition Scale (LECS) questionnaire adapted to evaluate epistemic cognition in the context of philosophy. The data collected indicate that the participants in this research maintain a constant epistemological orientation in both the domain of science and philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper divides modal matrices into five classes as chromatic compounds of two basic colors, red and blue, which, in principle, are in direct correspondence with the basic speech acts in independent sentences: blue is information (declarative and interrogative sentences) and red is interaction (imperative sentences). Between those two poles we distinguish three chromatic blends, opposed to those with just one single color. In this intermediate space, doubt is represented as more blue than red, and desire as more red than blue, while the same amount of red and blue, violet, characterizes the world of values, and assessment. This classification allows us to identify not only those five basic modal matrices but also new classes encompassing two or more basic ones, according to their respective chromatic proportions: one with blue as dominant, another one with red, and yet two more categories in which neither red, nor blue are dominant. All those categories so defined, either basic or compound, have grammatical and syntactic consequences. Summing up, the chromatic classification, without direct correspondence with interpretable semantic features, is incomparably more flexible than any other previous model when it comes to not only describing the syntactic properties of each class but also showing the mutual relationship between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To recognize creative writing as a tool for psychosocial mediation and as a space to enhance cognitive skills; through which the realities experienced by young people are interpreted through the stories created in the writing workshop oriented within the framework of the project "Weaving political capacities for transitions in territories, in Ovejas, Sucre". Methodology: The realities co-constructed by young people during the sessions of the creative writing workshop are made visible, which involved the participation of seven young people belonging to the Youth Corporation Promoting Peace (CORJUP), which operates in the village of Villa del Carmen and in the urban area of Ovejas. The postulates of phenomenology proposed by the author Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Paulo Freire's popular education, are taken as reference for the work developed with young people. Results: First, the territorial altar constituted a device for creativity; second, metaphor appears as a way to narrate the unnamable aspects of young people's realities; third, the workshop is configured as a possibility for psychosocial mediation; and fourth, it is evident that the gathering allows young people to strengthen cognitive skills that enable them to appropriate the constructed knowledge and recognize its importance for transforming the lived reality. Conclusions: Creative writing seeks to be a sort of stage for transforming the very present that communities inhabit. It is assumed as a space to promote the cognitive resources that make social interaction possible, it is configured as the visionary power to find in the gathering a possibility to transcend conflicts. It also acknowledges that writing shows, elaborates, and transcends the capacity to mediate between individual reality and sociocultural practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article presents findings from broader research aimed at exploring the significance of complementary training programs at the Teacher Training Schools of the Department of Caldas in shaping the relationship between conceptions of childhood and pedagogy in teacher training. Methodology: A hermeneutic phenomenological methodology was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, focus groups, and associative letters to investigate three groups of teachers from each of the four Teacher Training Schools sampled in Caldas. Results: The research findings elucidate the various conceptions of childhood that emerged from the experiences of teachers, shedding light on their significance within the context of teacher training programs. They are synthesized in categories. These categories encompass reduction to developmental stages, the invisibility of cultural change in modern childhood, and conceptions of contemporary childhoods. Conclusions: The findings underscore the significance of teachers' experiences in shaping their conceptions, rooted in their own childhoods. Furthermore, the research highlights the theoretical gaps in teacher training regarding the cultural shifts in contemporary childhoods and emphasizes their critical role in shaping pedagogical practices within teacher training institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this editorial of the monograph in Cognitive Sciences: Towards a Cross-cultural Perspective, a thematic review is presented, which accounts for the object of study, disciplines that underpin the interdisciplinary field of problems, and some current lines of research emerging in the field of study, among which four lines of work stand out. Firstly, studies linking cognitive or neurocognitive variables to the challenge of social diversity; secondly, studies examining the effect of cognition and neurophysiology on the formation of social stereotypes, gender; as well as on processes of discrimination or social and cultural inclusion; thirdly, works on the relationship between cognition and rurality; and finally, research that, from educational and social spheres, seeks to reconfigure the personal experience of social processes such as violence and territorial uprooting, towards new narratives of personal and social experience, which contribute to the sense of life of the individual and their community, as experiences that, although painful, can contribute to the relationship between memory and history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aula Abierta. Revista de Investigación, Formación e Innovación en Educación (RIFIE) is the property of Universidad de Oviedo, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuaderno de Pedagogia Universitaria is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Fondo Editorial Fundacion Universitaria Luis Amigo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este trabajo divide las matrices modales en cinco clases como compuestos cromáticos de dos colores básicos, rojo y azul, que, en principio, se identifican con actos comunicativos básicos en oraciones independientes: información (oraciones declarativas e interrogativas) e interacción (oraciones imperativas). Situadas entre los dos polos distinguimos tres mezclas cromáticas diferentes, distintas de las dos matrices con un solo color. En este espacio intermedio, el azul predomina sobre el rojo en la duda, y el rojo sobre el azul en el deseo, mientras que la mezcla equilibrada de azul y rojo, el violeta, representa el mundo de las valoraciones y las preferencias. Esta clasificación nos permite identificar no solo cinco tipos de matriz sino también nuevas clases de matrices que engloban dos o más de las cinco clases básicas, según sus proporciones cromáticas respectivas: una clase en la que predomina el azul, otra en la que predomina el rojo, otra en la que no predomina el azul y una más en la que no predomina el rojo. Todas las clases, simples o ampliadas, tienen claras consecuencias en la sintaxis y en la gramática. En resumen, la clasificación cromática, libre de una traducción directa a rasgos semánticos interpretables, se muestra incomparablemente más flexible que cualquier otro enfoque anterior, no solo para describir las propiedades sintácticas de las diferentes matrices sino también para mostrar las relaciones mutuas entre estas.

Esta revisión sistemática analiza investigaciones de los últimos 5 años sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento histórico y crítico en la enseñanza de la historia. Siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, se seleccionaron 43 artículos empíricos de bases de datos como ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus y Education Source. El análisis incluyó la sistematización de datos y la elaboración de una nube de palabras. Los resultados muestran que, aunque el pensamiento histórico y crítico presentan definiciones diferentes, comparten algunas habilidades intelectuales y de pensamiento que, al trabajar en sinergia, favorecen la evaluación de evidencias, el análisis de perspectivas, el razonamiento y la conexión con la realidad actual. En relación a las prácticas de enseñanza, aparecen habilidades de lectura, escritura, metodologías activas, salidas de campo y tecnología. La interpretación de los resultados nos sugiere que hemos de ayudar al alumnado a construir conciencia ciudadana crítica y conciencia histórica, para promover la comprensión de la historia y su relevancia en la vida presente y futura.

En este artículo de investigación se presentan los resultados parciales de un estudio más amplio, realizado con el propósito de reconocer las dimensiones de la argumentación metacognitiva en estudiantes de Enfermería en un escenario de simulación clínica. La investigación se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo de carácter inductivo, con un alcance comprensivo, con la participación de diez estudiantes de dicho programa, de una institución de educación superior del sector público. La recolección de la información se llevó a cabo a través de casos clínicos y cuestionarios y el análisis de la información se apoyó en la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados describen tres dimensiones de la argumentación metacognitiva: clínico-disciplinar, ética y sociocultural, así como las reflexiones por los participantes durante la planeación, monitoreo y evaluación. La dimensión clínico-disciplinar evidencia el proceso de análisis y reflexión de los estudiantes para argumentar la defensa de su postura, a través de la identificación del problema, la descripción de las acciones de tratamiento soportados en la revisión de la literatura, para justificar y tener mayor seguridad durante la planeación y monitoreo de sus argumentos. La dimensión ética implicó la reflexión crítica, consulta con expertos y mayor revisión sobre el tema con el fin de orientar el análisis y la argumentación basada en valores, principios y códigos de ética. La dimensión sociocultural se expresó en la toma de decisiones que dependía de las necesidades espirituales humanas que dan sentido y significado a la vida, junto con las representaciones sociales sobre los valores religiosos, las creencias y las prácticas relacionadas con la salud y enfermedad

El aprendizaje de las lenguas es una oportunidad para acceder a mejores condiciones de trabajo laboral y profesional. En el caso del idioma inglés ayuda a acceder a información actualizada, poder comunicarse con personas de otras culturas, desarrollar habilidades lingüísticas que permitirá a los estudiantes ser más competitivos. No obstante, para algunos representa una situación singular al dejar de lado la adquisición de los conocimientos del idioma ya sea por situaciones particulares o ajenas a éstos que no favorecen al alumno para que acceda del todo al idioma afectando su avance académico. Sosa, Gutiérrez y Velázquez (2018), arguyen que el uso de una lengua extranjera permite a un individuo tener mayor confianza para alcanzar mejores condiciones de trabajo a través de la cual logran desarrollar sus habilidades destrezas y capacidades lingüísticas. Cuando un estudiante posterga las actividades académicas de forma frecuente, el aprendizaje de la lengua no se puede llevar a cabo, en este sentido la procrastinación se presenta como una limitante para que los universitarios de un contexto semirural logren acceder al conocimiento del idioma inglés y, por ende, afectando las habilidades cognitivas donde la aplicación de las estructuras que rigen el idioma como vocabulario, tiempos verbales, sean aplicados. El propósito del fenómeno de estudio de corte cualitativo con un análisis hermenéutico interpretativo pretende comprender el efecto de la procrastinación en la habilidad cognitiva lingüística en estudiantes universitarios de una comunidad semirural, donde la recolección de datos se desarrolla a través de la entrevista a estudiantes universitarios.Los resultados demuestran que los universitarios además de presentar situaciones de estrés, ansiedad y cierta adrenalina por posponer las actividades que deben entregar, enfrentan el señalamiento académico y social hacia este grupo de estudiantes en particular dando como resultado actitudes negativas hacia el aprendizaje del idioma inglés. Por lo anterior se observa la importancia de conocer por qué los estudiantes llevan a la práctica determinadas acciones que conducen al fenómeno de la procrastinación en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés que pueden ser de tipo activo o pasivo o bien de tipo esporádico o crónico. Clariana (2019) y Ayala (2005). Dicho trabajo puede contribuir al campo de estudio al no haber suficiente investigación sobre los contextos semirurales en el aprendizaje del inglés, por lo cual abre posibilidades a futuras investigaciones.

Resumen: Introducción: El estudio de las funciones cognitivas comunicativas en los niños ha sido un foco de interés a lo largo de las décadas pretendiendo dar explicaciones a las intrincadas relaciones existentes entre lenguaje y funciones ejecutivas (FE). Objetivo: Reconstruir históricamente la relación del trastorno del desarrollo del lenguaje (TDL), con las funciones ejecutivas (FE). Método: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de los artículos que abordan la asociación entre funciones ejecutivas y trastorno del desarrollo del lenguaje/trastorno específico del lenguaje. Para efectuar la búsqueda, se consultaron las bases de datos de la “American Speech-Language-Hearing Association” y “PubMed” en las cuales se utilizó la siguiente sintaxis: (((executive function) AND (developmental language disorder)) OR (executive function)) AND (specific language impairment) sin considerar restricciones en los años de publicación. Conclusiones: La convergencia de evidencia a lo largo de las décadas y el enfoque contemporáneo en las FE ofrecen una visión más completa de la relación entre el TDL y las habilidades ejecutivas. Estas conclusiones no solo enriquecen la comprensión de los procesos subyacentes al TDL, sino que también tienen implicaciones cruciales para la práctica clínica. Abstract: Introduction: The study of communicative cognitive functions in children has been a focus of interest over the decades, aiming to explain the intricate relationships between language and executive functions (EF). Objective: To historically reconstruct the relationship between developmental language disorder (DLD) and executive functions (EF). Method: A narrative review was conducted of articles addressing the association between executive functions and developmental language disorder/specific language impairment. The search was performed in the databases of the “American Speech-Language-Hearing Association” and “PubMed” using the following syntax: (((executive function) AND (developmental language disorder)) OR (executive function)) AND (specific language impairment), without considering publication year restrictions. Conclusions: The convergence of evidence over the decades and the contemporary focus on EF provide a more comprehensive view of the relationship between DLD and executive skills. These conclusions not only enrich the understanding of the underlying processes of DLD but also have crucial implications for clinical practice.

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Epilepsy affects from 0.5 to 1% of children worldwide and has a cognitive impact on the patient. Objective: To assess cognitive characteristics in pediatric patients diagnosed with epilepsy. Material and methods: Analytical, cross-sectional study of patients with epilepsy aged 6 to 16 years in a tertiary hospital in Puebla, Mexico. Type of epilepsy, evolution, treatment, and school performance were evaluated. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale IV was used for cognitive characteristics. Mann-Whitney U and phi coefficients were used. It was considered statistically significant a p < 0.05. Results: 95 patients were included, 61.1% were male. Mean: age 11.16 years (± 2.5), school performance 7.8 (± 0.99), time of development: 2.4 years (± 1.4). They were schoolchildren aged 6-11 years (36.8%) and adolescents aged 12-16 years (63.2%); 79% had generalized epilepsy; 93.6% were treated with monotherapy (47.3% with magnesium valproate). The mean intellectual quotient was 90.3 (± 10.02), decreased in 12 patients (12.6%). Working memory was the most commonly affected domain (31.6%), mostly in adolescents with 40% (p = 0.021). Perceptual reasoning and working memory were significantly correlated with developmental time (phi = 0.17, p = 0.04 and phi = 0.49, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Working memory was the most affected cognitive characteristic, especially in adolescents. Working memory and perceptual reasoning were affected by time of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores the impact of an optimistic approach on an individual's life satisfaction. The study aims to understand the relationships between variables and determine whether they align with previous research findings showing that an optimistic approach benefits greater life satisfaction. The study was conducted in Pakistan. Two hundred participants were taken through purposive sampling, belonging to different socio-economic backgrounds. They were administered The Life Orientation Test (LOT) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). To establish inter-item consistency, Cronbach alpha value was found for LOT as (a = .69-.72) and for SWLS as (a = .83-.92). Results showed a positive & relatively strong correlation (r=.473, n=200, p=.000) between the two variables through Pearson correlation test. Further, Regression was applied, resulting in a highly significant relationship f (1, 98) = p<0.05, R2=.552. Despite low optimism scores, a high level of life satisfaction was determined, and when optimism increases by 1 point, the life satisfaction score increases by 2,141 points. Based on the results of the study, the influence of optimism on life satisfaction in the context of Pakistan is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceptions of recurrent forgetfulness or episodes of distraction in daily life are referred to as subjective memory complaints (SMCs). Their nature has been extensively studied in older adults, but their significance and relationship with neurocognitive performance have not been fully addressed in younger adults. Some psychological traits have been suggested as possible moderators of the association between objective and subjective memory performance. The first aim of this study was to analyze the correspondence between the objective and subjective perception of memory failures in young people. Second, we studied whether the psychological trait of neuroticism could be influencing this relationship. To do this, we measured SMCs, different cognitive domains (episodic and working memory and executive functions), and neuroticism in 80 young men and women. Results showed that only immediate episodic memory was statistically related to SMCs. Interestingly, the negative relationships between objective and subjective memory performance only appeared in participants with higher neuroticism. Thus, memory complaints reported by young people could reflect poorer immediate episodic memory performance, whereas neuroticism would play a main role in the association between memory deficits and SMCs. This study provides data that can help to better understand SMCs in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La investigación educativa ha destacado el papel mediador de las epistemologías intuitivas de los profesores en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la ciencia. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre este tema es escasa, a pesar de su importancia para promover cambios en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales y sociales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las posiciones epistemológicas de los docentes en los campos de la ciencia y la filosofía, con el fin de determinar si las posiciones epistemológicas que sostienen varían en función del dominio de conocimientos. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, utilizamos un instrumento que consta de dos partes: 1) ítems adaptados de cuestionarios existentes sobre epistemologías intuitivas, además de reactivos de elaboración propia, y 2) ítems del cuestionario Literature Epistemic Cognition Scale (LECS) adaptados para evaluar la cognición epistémica en el contexto de la filosofía. Los datos recopilados indican que las y los participantes en esta investigación mantienen una orientación epistemológica constante tanto en el dominio de la ciencia como en el de la filosofía.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las actitudes del profesorado yucateco de educación preuniversitaria con respecto a la Educación Integral de la Sexualidad (EIS) en las dimensiones cognitiva, conductual y afectiva. Esto pretende esclarecer el panorama actual de la EIS, así como de la preparación del profesorado en el tema. El método empleado fue de tipo cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo. Se aplicó un instrumento ad hoc con una escala tipo Likert (?=.808) a una población de 7 306 docentes. Con base en los resultados, se concluye que los profesores se encuentran a favor de que los estudiantes obtengan información referente a la EIS; sin embargo, los mitos y tabúes que prevalecen, así como la falta de instrucción académica sobre el tema, obstaculizan su adecuada implementación. En este sentido, se aconseja la inclusión de estos contenidos en los programas de formación docente a nivel de grado y posgrado.

La violencia de género constituye un problema de salud pública a nivel global, aunque en algunas regiones la prevalencia supone un mayor riesgo para las mujeres como consecuencia de distintos agentes de socialización. El objetivo del presente estudio de investigación es analizar las creencias distorsionadas sobre las mujeres y el uso de la violencia, las actitudes sexistas y los mitos de amor romántico en una muestra de 443 docentes en formación de universidades de Colombia. Los resultados reportan diferencias entre quienes profesan una religión y quienes no respecto a la aceptación de las creencias distorsionadas sobre los roles de género y el uso de la violencia, de actitudes sexistas y de mitos del amor romántico, de modo que quienes profesaban una religión, presentaron un mayor acuerdo hacia tales concepciones. Por último, el modelo a través de ecuaciones estructurales muestra la relación entre la idealización del amor, la vinculación amor-maltrato y el sexismo hostil con una mayor aceptación de las ideas distorsionadas sobre las mujeres y el uso de la violencia en personas que se identificaron como religiosas. La detección de los procesos de cognición social y la identificación de sesgos cognitivos resulta crucial entre quienes van a ser responsables de educar a las nuevas generaciones en favor del desarrollo de la equidad, así como visibilizar las variables que han influido en tales creencias con el objetivo de deconstruir la igualdad de género.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la estructura temática, conceptual y metodológica de la producción del grupo Cognición y Educación de la Universidad del Magdalena durante el periodo 2001-2021, a través de análisis bibliométrico. Se seleccionaron los productos científicos del grupo Cognición y Educación registrados en la plataforma GroupLac del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. Se utilizó el análisis de mapeo bibliométrico de coocurrencia de palabras claves, usando técnicas de clustering y de visualización. Los resultados mostraron 9 clúster que posteriormente fueron sintetizados en 3 líneas denominadas: Cognición, educación, salud y tecnologías; Desarrollo humano, cognición y educación; Educación, cultura y sociedad. Estas líneas revelan tendencias en la investigación del grupo en el período definido, así como fortalezas y los desafíos que enfrenta en materia de la producción científica.

El área de Química suele ser difícil porque los docentes acostumbran a trabajar con métodos tradicionales y poco innovadores, una de las estrategias que ha venido ganando espacio en los últimos años es la mediación cognitiva. Por esto, el objetivo fue proponer un modelo de mediación cognitiva como estrategia de enseñanza para un aprendizaje significativo en la asignatura de Química en los estudiantes del 5to de secundaria del CED Bethel de la ciudad de El Alto - Bolivia. Se trabajó bajo el paradigma cuantitativo con tipología descriptiva-correlacional y diseño cuasi experimental. La población la conformaron los estudiantes de secundaria del CEC Bethel de El Alto y la muestra fue de tipo no probabilística con los alumnos de 5to de secundaria de la misma casa de estudio. Los resultados evidenciaron que este modelo mejora la cognición y el aprendizaje significativo. Se concluyó que a través de la mediación cognitiva se puede promover el aprendizaje significativo porque se generan estrategias para conectar los conocimientos previos en la solución de las diferentes situaciones planteadas en el área de química.