13 results on '"Mander, Sarah"'
Search Results
2. The Time Machine: challenging perceptions of time and place to enhance climate change engagement through museums.
- Author
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McGhie, Henry, Mander, Sarah, and Minns, Asher
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,MUSEUM exhibits ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distance ,TIME perception ,MUSEUMS - Abstract
This article proposes that applying time-related concepts in museum exhibitions and events can contribute constructively to people's engagement with climate change. Climate change now and future presents particular challenges as it is perceived to be psychologically distant. The link between this distance and effective climate action is complex and presents an opportunity for museums, as sites where psychological distance can be explored in safe, consequence-free ways. This paper explores how museums can help people develop an understanding of their place within the rhetoric of climate change, and assist them with their personal or collective response to the climate challenge. To do so, we find that two time- and place-related concepts, Brian Eno's the Big Here and Long Now and Foucault's heterotopia, can provide useful framings through which museums can support constructive climate change engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Technologies for the high seas: meeting the climate challenge
- Author
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Gilbert, Paul, Alice Larkin, Mander, Sarah, and Walsh, Conor
- Subjects
climate change ,co2 ,shipping - Abstract
Progress toward decarbonizing shipping has been slow compared with other sectors. To explore the scope for an urgent step-change cut in CO2, this paper presents results from a participatory technology roadmapping exercise. Results: Combining existing incremental and novel technologies with slow-steaming can deliver reductions in CO2 of over 50% even in the short term for existing ships. However, roadmaps for three vessel types illustrate barriers to change including the sector's complexity, infrastructure lock-in and a need for tailored market and vessel-specific roadmaps to support decision-making. Conclusions: Through technology and engineering, the outlook for the shipping sector to significantly cut its CO2 emissions, even in the short term, is promising. Nevertheless, the scale of change requires support to demonstrate how the long-term low-carbon vision offers enough benefit to overcome necessary short-term investment.
- Published
- 2015
4. Understanding key elements in establishing a social license for CCS: An empirical approach.
- Author
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Gough, Clair, Cunningham, Rebecca, and Mander, Sarah
- Subjects
SOCIAL license to operate ,CARBON sequestration ,HYDRAULIC fracturing ,CLIMATE change ,PUBLIC opinion - Abstract
This paper presents results of empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal responses to CO 2 storage, framed around the concept of social license to operate (SLO). We describe a mixed method approach incorporating stakeholder interviews and focus groups deployed in two case study locations in the UK. The approach helps us to build up an understanding of the social context in which Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) will be introduced, in terms of the specific local conditions and with reference to the influence of local experiences of other technologies (such as hydraulic fracturing (fracking), for example). This understanding is then used to guide further empirical research, from which we assess the extent to which an SLO for CCS is emerging. Results show that perceptions of trust and confidence in key institutions to safely manage projects are highly dependent not just on the track record of the organisations but are strongly influenced by past experiences with different technologies. While the indications for achieving an SLO for CCS are currently positive, consolidating and maintaining that support depends on the evolving social, industrial and political landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring (CASSEM) Understanding the challenges of CO2 storage: results of the CASSEM Project
- Author
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Watt, James, Bricker, Stefanie, Ford, Jon, Lawrence, David, McInroy, David, Monaghan, Alison, Smith, Martin, Curtis, Andrew, Edwards, Mike, Eke, Paul, Haszeldine, R Stuart, Naylor, Mark, JafarGandomi, Arash, Polson, Debbie, Hamilton, Sally, Mackay, Eric, Jin, Min, Olden, Peter, Pickup, Gillian, Somerville, Jim, Sohrabi, Mehran, Todd, Adrian C, Vivalda, Claudia, Campbell, David, Ockendon, Mark, Carey, Jeremy, Roberts, Tom, Mander, Sarah, TSB, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), AMEC plc, Scottish Power, Marathon, Schlumberger, and The Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research
- Subjects
monitoring ,climate change ,aquifer ,Ferrybridge ,CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring project ,sandstone ,carbon capture and storage ,CO2 ,CASSEM ,Longannet ,North Sea ,CCS ,Scottish and Southern Energy - Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) brings new entrants to subsurface exploration and reservoir engineering who require very high levels of confidence in the technology, in the geological analysis and in understanding the risks before committing large sums of capital to high-cost drilling operations. Many of the subsurface techniques used for hydrocarbon exploration are capable of translation to CCS activities. Unfamiliarity may, however, lead new entrants to openly question their applicability in order to transform their current understanding to a level where large capital investment can be organisationally justified. For example, some may make the erroneous assumption that a good CO2 subsurface store should resemble the pressure vessel type of containment that is prevalent with surface installations. Basic concepts such as utilising the rock structure and mineralogy to control fluid flow and securing the CO2 by residual trapping (between the rock grains) or by dissolution, as a superior storage mechanism, are counter intuitive and challenging to communicate effectively. To achieve success and reliable operation in CO2 emission reduction for coal- and gas-burning electricity power generation, all elements of the CCS chain have to function. In 2008 the CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring project (CASSEM) was one of the first UK based projects to attempt integration and full-chain connectivity from, capture and transport to injection, storage and monitoring. Its research is aimed at development of workflows that describe a CCS entry path for a target audience of potential new entrants, i.e. power utilities, engineering sector and government. In contrast to other studies, the CASSEM project has applied the specification of the full CCS chain, using two exemplar sites (coal-fired power plants) with contrasting geological conditions in the subsurface, to tailor storage site selection and analysis. Centred on the Ferrybridge Power Station in Yorkshire (Figure 1.1), a 'simple' site underlain by a thick, uniform sandstone with diverse legacy information available was sought onshore in the English Midlands. The offshore extension of this (Bunter) sandstone has been highlighted as a large potential aquifer store for CO2 captured from power plants in eastern and South East England. A 'complex' site was sought offshore of eastern Scotland, centred on the Longannet Power Station on the Firth of Forth near Edinburgh (Figure 1.2). This site was intended to confront the difficulties of investigating subsea structures with sparse legacy and incomplete information from hydrocarbon investigations. The selected site is a faulted and folded geological structure and the issues of seismic reflection surveys, detection of faults and fractures, and quality of the target reservoir, are similar to those which challenge offshore hydrocarbon exploration beneath the North Sea. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) brings new entrants to subsurface exploration and reservoir engineering who require very high levels of confidence in the technology, in the geological analysis and in understanding the risks before committing large sums of capital to high-cost drilling operations. Many of the subsurface techniques used for hydrocarbon exploration are capable of translation to CCS activities. Unfamiliarity may, however, lead new entrants to openly question their applicability in order to transform their current understanding to a level where large capital investment can be organisationally justified. For example, some may make the erroneous assumption that a good CO2 subsurface store should resemble the pressure vessel type of containment that is prevalent with surface installations. Basic concepts such as utilising the rock structure and mineralogy to control fluid flow and securing the CO2 by residual trapping (between the rock grains) or by dissolution, as a superior storage mechanism, are counter intuitive and challenging to communicate effectively. To achieve success and reliable operation in CO2 emission reduction for coal- and gas-burning electricity power generation, all elements of the CCS chain have to function. In 2008 the CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring project (CASSEM) was one of the first UK based projects to attempt integration and full-chain connectivity from, capture and transport to injection, storage and monitoring. Its research is aimed at development of workflows that describe a CCS entry path for a target audience of potential new entrants, i.e. power utilities, engineering sector and government. In contrast to other studies, the CASSEM project has applied the specification of the full CCS chain, using two exemplar sites (coal-fired power plants) with contrasting geological conditions in the subsurface, to tailor storage site selection and analysis. Centred on the Ferrybridge Power Station in Yorkshire (Figure 1.1), a 'simple' site underlain by a thick, uniform sandstone with diverse legacy information available was sought onshore in the English Midlands. The offshore extension of this (Bunter) sandstone has been highlighted as a large potential aquifer store for CO2 captured from power plants in eastern and South East England. A 'complex' site was sought offshore of eastern Scotland, centred on the Longannet Power Station on the Firth of Forth near Edinburgh (Figure 1.2). This site was intended to confront the difficulties of investigating subsea structures with sparse legacy and incomplete information from hydrocarbon investigations. The selected site is a faulted and folded geological structure and the issues of seismic reflection surveys, detection of faults and fractures, and quality of the target reservoir, are similar to those which challenge offshore hydrocarbon exploration beneath the North Sea.
- Published
- 2012
6. Charting a low carbon future for shipping: A UK perspective.
- Author
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Walsh, Conor, Mander, Sarah, and Larkin, Alice
- Subjects
MARITIME shipping ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,CLIMATE change ,SHIP propulsion ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Projected growth in the international shipping industry is set to outstrip CO 2 reductions arising from incremental improvements to technology and operations currently being planned and implemented. Using original scenarios, this paper demonstrates for the first time that it is possible for a nation's shipping to make a fair contribution to meeting global climate change commitments, but that this requires transformation of the sector. The scale and nature of technology change varies depending on the level of demand and how this is satisfied. The scenarios show that to develop successful marine mitigation policy, it is essential to consider the interdependencies between ship speed, level and pattern of demand for services, and the extent and rate of innovation in propulsion technology. Across the scenarios, it is difficult to foresee how deep decarbonisation can be achieved without an immediate, fleet-wide speed reduction; and a land-based energy-system transition strongly influences shipping demand, which in turn, influences the extent of required low-carbon propulsion technology change. Setting the industry on a 2 °C heading requires multifaceted and near-term changes in the shipping sector, but these are unlikely to materialise without a major shift by stakeholders to realise new and innovative deep decarbonisation policies in the coming decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Consumer responses to a future UK food system.
- Author
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O'Keefe, Laura, McLachlan, Carly, Gough, Clair, Mander, Sarah, and Bows-Larkin, Alice
- Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe research exploring consumer responses to potential changes in food-related practices to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Design/methodology/approach – Six focus groups explored consumer responses to measures to intended to mitigate the emissions from, and adapt to the impacts of climate change. These included: meat reduction, greater reliance on seasonal British food, meal replacement tablets, laboratory grown meat, communal eating houses, genetically modified food and food waste. Practice theory provided the lens to interpret the changes to meanings, competences and materials associated with food consumption. Findings – Changes that could be assimilated within existing competencies were viewed more positively, with lack of competence a key barrier to accommodating change. At present, climate change and sustainability do not influence purchasing decisions. Policy measures delivering multiple benefits (“win-wins”), of which environmental performance may be one, stand an improved chance of establishing more sustainable practices than those focusing exclusively on environmental drivers. Originality/value – Awareness of the role of sustainable food systems in the context of anthropogenic climate change is growing. Whilst scientific and technological research explores methods for reducing emissions and building resilience in food supply chains to changes in climate, there is comparatively little study of how consumers perceive these proposed “solutions”. This research provides a comprehensive overview of consumer responses to potential changes in eating practices related to climate change mitigation and adaptation and is of value to policy makers, academics and practitioners across the food supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A roadmap for carbon capture and storage in the UK.
- Author
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Gough, Clair, Mander, Sarah, and Haszeldine, Stuart
- Subjects
CARBON sequestration ,STAKEHOLDERS ,CLIMATE change ,GREENHOUSE gas mitigation ,ADULT education workshops ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Abstract: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has been endorsed by the IPCC and the UK government as a key mitigation option but remains on the cusp of wide-scale commercial deployment. Here we present a technology roadmap for CCS, depicted in terms of external factors and short- and long-term pathways for its development, moving from a demonstration to commercialisation era. The roadmap was been developed through a two-phase process of stakeholder engagement; the second phase of this, a high level stakeholder workshop, is documented here. This approach has provided a unique overview of the current status, potential and barriers to CCS deployment in the UK. In addition to the roadmap graphics and more detailed review, five consensus conclusions emerging from the workshop are presented. These describe the need for a monetary CO
2 value and the financing of carbon capture and storage schemes; the lack of technical barriers to the deployment of demonstration scale CCS plant; the role of demonstration projects in developing a robust regulatory framework; key storage issues; the need for a long-term vision in furthering both the technical and non-technical development of CCS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Aviation, consumption and the climate change debate: 'Are you going to tell me off for flying?'.
- Author
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Randles, Sally and Mander, Sarah
- Subjects
- *
QUALITATIVE research , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *CLIMATE change , *EMISSION exposure , *NAVAL aviation , *AERONAUTICS , *EMISSION control - Abstract
'Are you going to tell me off for flying?' This question was asked three times by a lady in South Manchester, England, when we asked her to participate in our qualitative in-home study on flying. She asked it once when we approached her in the street to ask if we may interview her. She asked again when we phoned to confirm the time and address of the interview, and she asked it a third time while serving tea and biscuits at the beginning of the interview. Needless to say we had given absolutely no indication that the interview would pass 'judgment' on her flying activities. The lady had undertaken six return trips by air for leisure in the previous year, and in the final section of the interview commented 'I will have a conscience, but I won't not fly to Miami...'. As this one example shows, the frequent flying/environmental impact question is currently a hot topic. It brings forth a cocktail of rich unprompted discussion and a mixed bag of responses, it has become emotionally charged and polemic. Accounts and justifications concerning frequent flying range from surprise that a taken-for-granted everyday activity which until very recently had been considered a culturally desirable thing to do, has suddenly become frowned upon; to a sense of almost guilty pleasure, apology and, at its extremes, defiance. What the significance and explanation for this might be in sociological terms is the focus of this paper. The answers are important, in particular for policy stakeholders seeking to curb consumption behaviours as one of a portfolio of emissions reduction strategies. It is to the policy audience that this paper primarily speaks. It also provides a quite different - out of the box - insight and contribution to the aviation and emissions debate, which complements the more 'supply side' technology and research and development focused papers which dominate the aviation and emissions-reduction literature currently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Aviation in turbulent times.
- Author
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Bows, Alice, Anderson, Kevin, and Mander, Sarah
- Subjects
INDUSTRY & the environment ,SPACE industrialization ,EMISSION exposure ,CLIMATE change ,NAVAL aviation ,EMISSION control ,AEROSPACE industries ,AIR travel - Abstract
The aviation sector is in turbulent times. On top of increased security concerns, oil price rises and health scares, it now finds itself at the centre of the climate change debate. Previously highly resilient to short-term 'shocks', it remains unclear as to how the aviation sector will respond to persistent and significant pressure to mitigate its global carbon emissions. From a technological point of view, mitigation is not straightforward, with few, if any, low-carbon technologies available in the short-term and significant time-lags in achieving the necessary penetration of the global fleet. Moreover, many drivers within the sector are aligned towards growth and despite political recognition of the increasing importance of aviation's CO2 emissions, policies encouraging growth of the industry continue to conflict with the climate change agenda. Given the complexity of the aviation system within a dynamic commercial environment, scenarios, rather than economic forecasts, are used here to explore opportunities for the aviation industry to develop within the constraints of the EU's own climate change targets. The scenarios illustrate a variety of feasible aviation futures, but all require other sectors to make emission reductions well in excess of those levels currently envisaged, due to the expansion of the EU's aviation industry within a constrained carbon cap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Shipping charts a high carbon course.
- Author
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Bows-Larkin, Alice, Anderson, Kevin, Mander, Sarah, Traut, Michael, and Walsh, Conor
- Subjects
GREENHOUSE gases research ,EMISSIONS (Air pollution) ,MARITIME shipping ,CARBON dioxide ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
The authors discuss a study of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions from the global shipping sector between 2007 and 2012, which was released by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in November 2014. They mention that the shipping industry expects an ongoing increase of carbon dioxide (CO
2 ) emissions to 2050. They comment that decarbonizing opportunities with global commitments on climate change need to be re-evaluated.- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Trade and trade-offs: Shipping in changing climates.
- Author
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Walsh, Conor, Lazarou, Nicholas-Joseph, Traut, Michael, Price, James, Raucci, Carlo, Sharmina, Maria, Agnolucci, Paolo, Mander, Sarah, Gilbert, Paul, Anderson, Kevin, Larkin, Alice, and Smith, Tristan
- Subjects
CLIMATE change research ,MATERIALS at low temperatures ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,CLIMATE change ,HEAT resistant materials ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
This paper addresses the evolution of maritime transport demand in response to global climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. The complexity of the global shipping system makes predicting volumes and patterns of long-term future international maritime trade a challenging task which is best explored by building scenarios rather than 'precise' forecasts. We present four contrasting scenarios of international maritime trade out to 2050, available in high resolution in terms of the dimensions studied (regions, countries, commodities, decades), which are consistent with high and low levels of global CO 2 mitigation and associated climate impacts. The scenarios project trade increasing to between two and four times the 2010 value by 2050. Scenarios characterised by low temperature increases and material intensity lead to the lower bound trade increase with high trade growth in bioenergy commodities. Unfettered production growth across countries, high temperature increases and material intensity lead to a quadrupling of trade across energy, containerised, dry and wet commodities. The estimated range is lower than those in existing scenarios and forecasts in which globalisation is assumed to continue apace. The scenarios which project the highest growth presupposes both limited decarbonisation (in contrast to the Paris Agreement) and continued growth in expanding markets. The scenarios therefore become a valuable policy and decision-making tool to address technological and operational change required of the shipping sector, if it is to deliver mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Improving spatial assessment of vulnerability to urban heat stress : developing a Heat Vulnerability Index for Greater Manchester
- Author
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Brown, Charlotte, Mander, Sarah, and Wood, Frances
- Subjects
Spatial risk assessment ,Urban Heat resilience ,Climate Change ,Climate vulnerability - Abstract
UK average summertime temperatures have increased over the last 20 years. Climate change is also projected to cause increases in average and extreme summer temperatures. High temperatures have a number of associated negative impacts for individuals. Heat stress among humans can cause both mortality and morbidity. The UK experiences regular heat related excess mortality. Moreover, warm temperatures have also been associated with a lack of sleep and lower productivity at work. Overheating in homes, contributes to these negative effects by exposing individuals to higher temperatures. Overheating is an emerging problem for the UK housing stock, which is maladapted for rising temperature. Furthermore, cities are a place of elevated risk due to the added pressure of the Urban Heat Island effect. A number of adaptation measures can be used to reduce the negative impacts associated with heat. However, vulnerability to heat varies significantly among individuals and is a result of many interlinking factors. Socio-demographic characteristics, health, economic status, an individual's home, and where that homes is located can all modify their vulnerability. Understanding this vulnerability is paramount to successful adaptation and building resilience. Tools such as Heat Vulnerability Indexes or other spatial vulnerability assessments can help to identify spatial patterns of vulnerability and where the most vulnerable people reside for prioritisation of adaptation and responses during high temperatures. This thesis improves the process of developing such assessments by addressing three specific gaps which are identified in past studies and using Greater Manchester as a case study. It firstly improves the way in which intra-urban outdoor exposure variation is spatially represented in these assessments. Land use regression modelling is used to replace past over reliance on land surface temperatures. Empirical air temperature data and 14 different land use and land cover variables were used to create statistical models of air temperature. These were used to predict air temperature; these predictions were in turn used within the Heat Vulnerability Index. This greatly improved the way in which local variations of outdoor exposure are assessed. Models with an R2 of over 0.9 and RMSE of as low as 0.13 °C were developed. Next the work addresses a second gap, namely the underrepresentation of homes as a modifier to heat vulnerability within indexes. To do this, firstly a specific review of overheating in homes is presented, this provides a concise overview of the current knowledge of overheating in homes, and identifies characteristics of homes which have been highlighted by other studies to increase the homes propensity to overheat. These characteristics are then used to assess the risk of overheating spatially across the area. Here, a novel method of mapping these characteristics is presented and the results for GM are discussed. Finally, improvements are made upon past methods of constructing composite indexes, presenting a method that better and more transparently deals with co-variance within the indicators, and used an evidence-based approach to indicator weighting. Overall, a Heat 18 Vulnerability Index for Greater Manchester is developed and presented using novel indicators and an improved method of index construction. The index assesses vulnerability at the census unit of Lower Super Output Area, across the metropolitan region of Greater Manchester. This index shows large spatial variation in overall vulnerability across the region, as well as spatial differences in the drivers of vulnerability. The local authorities of Manchester and Salford are highlighted as particularly vulnerable.
- Published
- 2022
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