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Researchers at Pusan National University in Busan, South Korea, conducted a study on the stability of eyedrops containing lifitegrast, a treatment for dry eye disease. By using citric acid and tromethamine as stabilizers, they were able to prevent degradation of lifitegrast and maintain its physicochemical stability. The study concluded that the developed eyedrop formulation showed improved stability, which could have implications for commercial production and clinical applications. This research was funded by the Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program and the Ministry of Trade, Industry And Energy. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Northwest A&F University in Shaanxi, China, focused on the removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes using Fe(II) chelated by citric acid catalyzing peroxymonosulfate systems. The research aimed to inhibit the transfer of antibiotic-resistant genes by promoting the production of reactive oxygen species. Results showed that the Fe(II)-CA/PMS system effectively removed ARB and ARGs, offering a promising strategy to combat antibiotic resistance in various water matrices. The study was funded by various organizations and has been peer-reviewed, providing valuable insights into addressing antibiotic resistance in the environment. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from CEU San Pablo University in Madrid, Spain, have published a study on using citric acid-based solutions as a decontaminant mouthwash in titanium and dental prostheses materials for implantoplasty processes. The study found that treatments involving citric acid, collagen, and magnesium improved cell adhesion and proliferation, reduced contact angle, and exhibited antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without harming cells. This research suggests that the proposed mouthwash could be beneficial in oral applications by promoting cellular activity and bactericidal effects. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Khon Kaen University in Thailand explored the use of Bacillus subtilis I9 for fermenting citric acid by-products to enhance their nutritional value for animal feed. The experiment showed that inoculation with B. subtilis I9 led to a significant increase in Bacillus density and improvements in the nutritional characteristics of the by-products, including reduced dietary fiber content and increased crude protein levels. The research suggests that fermenting citric acid by-products with B. subtilis I9 could be a promising approach to creating sustainable animal feed options. For more information, the full article is available in Veterinary Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Islamic Azad University in Esfahan, Iran, explored the impact of marination using ginger extract and citric acid on the physicochemical properties of camel meat. The research found that marinating camel meat with ginger extract and citric acid resulted in changes in pH, tenderness, color, and other characteristics. The study concluded that marinating camel meat with ginger extract improved its appearance and sensory characteristics. This research provides valuable insights into the effects of marination on camel meat quality. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the optimization of citric acid production from sugarcane molasses using Aspergillus niger through submerged fermentation. Citric acid is in high demand for various industries, and Bangladesh spends a significant amount on importing it. The study aims to find cost-effective and eco-friendly ways to produce citric acid, with initial results showing that 10% substrate, 4% inoculum size of A. niger, and an initial pH of 6.0 can yield around 25.8 g/L of citric acid. Further research is needed to assess industrial production feasibility and enhance microbial strains for increased citric acid production. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at International University in Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain, conducted a study on the surface decontamination of titanium dental implants using citric acid solutions. The research aimed to promote tissue formation and have a bactericidal effect by adding collagen and magnesium cations to the solutions. Results showed that the treatment with citric acid increased roughness, decreased contact angle, and had a bactericidal effect, particularly on Gram-positive bacteria. The study concluded that these findings could lead to mouthwashes that aid tissue regeneration and prevent bacterial colonization. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "Pharmaceutical Compositions Of Alpha-2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists And Their Use For Improving Vision" discusses the development of pharmaceutical compositions to treat ocular conditions such as presbyopia, poor night vision, visual glare, visual starbursts, visual halos, and night myopia. The inventors propose a composition comprising a compound of Formula I, a buffer, sodium chloride, and water, with specific concentrations outlined. The application highlights the need for improved and longer-acting treatments for reducing pupil size and improving vision. The patent application aims to address the limitations of current treatments like reading glasses and invasive surgical options. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine explores the use of 3D-ZnMOF nanofiber sponges to enhance wound healing in MRSA-infected wounds. The sponges demonstrated hemostatic characteristics, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity, promoting wound contraction, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis in an MRSA-infected rat model. This research offers promise for accelerating the healing of wounds infected with drug-resistant bacteria, providing potential solutions for promoting wound healing in bacterial infections. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from R-Biopharm AG in Darmstadt, Germany discusses the validation of the Enzytec(TM) Liquid Citric Acid test kit for the determination of citric acid in selected foods and beverages. Citric acid is commonly used as an acidifier, antioxidant, and preservative in a wide range of food and beverage products. The test kit contains two ready-to-use components and is suitable for automation. The method was found to be specific to citric acid with no relevant interferences, and the test showed recoveries around 100% when spiked with various food matrices. The research concludes that the test kit has a shelf life of at least 24 months. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of AOAC International. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Medical University of Sofia in Bulgaria conducted a study on the effects of citric acid on stem cells from apical papillae (SCAPs). The study found that citric acid can promote the differentiation of SCAPs and angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels. The researchers observed different mineralization patterns and changes in the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the cells treated with citric acid. This research provides valuable insights into the potential applications of citric acid in stem cell research. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India conducted a pilot study comparing the effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) and citric acid (CA) on teeth with periodontal disease. The study found that both ACV and CA were effective in removing the smear layer and promoting fibrin clot adhesion, but ACV showed better results in terms of complete dentinal tubule opening. The researchers concluded that ACV, with its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, could be considered for future studies on its regenerative effectiveness. This information is available in the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from State University Londrina in Brazil have conducted a study on the production of citric acid using orange residues and Aspergillus welwitschiae strains. The study found that a mutant strain of A. welwitschiae produced a significant amount of citric acid in just four days of solid-state fermentation, while the wild strain did not produce any citric acid. The research suggests that orange residues could be used for the biotechnological production of citric acid by A. welwitschiae strains. The study was supported by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Western Macedonia in Greece has examined the thermal behavior and infrared absorbance bands of citric acid. The study found that citric acid monohydrate, which is commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, does not exist in a pure form and is actually a mixture of different compositions of citric acid, water, and a citric acid oligomer produced through esterification. The presence of the ester oligomer and water affects the infrared spectrum of citric acid and has implications for the design and quality of food and drug products that use citric acid. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing the performance of these products. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Uttarakhand, India, explores the production of citric acid using low-cost waste substrates in agribusiness. Citric acid is widely used in various industries such as food, detergents, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The study highlights the potential of utilizing waste substrates, including agricultural residues and industrial by-products, as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional production methods. The research emphasizes the importance of shifting towards the use of these waste substrates and provides insights into their collection and utilization. For more information, readers can refer to the Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. [Extracted from the article]

The US Patent and Trademark Office has published a patent application for a stable oral liquid formulation of the medication lisinopril, used to treat hypertension. The formulation includes lisinopril, a sweetener, a buffer, a preservative, and water. The pH of the formulation is adjusted to be between 4 and 5, and it remains stable at room temperature for at least 12 months. The patent application also describes methods of treating various cardiovascular conditions using the lisinopril oral liquid formulation, and provides a process for preparing the formulation. [Extracted from the article]

Beachbody LLC has been issued a patent for compositions and methods to enhance exercise performance and recovery. The patent addresses common exercise-related issues such as muscle fatigue, reduced energy production, inflammation, dehydration, and muscle soreness. The invention includes compositions that contain ingredients like sugar, citric acid, beta-alanine, quercetin, sodium citrate, stevia, fruit flavor, green tea extract, magnesium citrate, potassium citrate, and calcium citrate. These compositions can be dissolved in water and consumed before exercise to improve performance and aid in recovery. The document also includes claims made by the inventors regarding the use of the composition for improving exercise performance, controlling body weight, and promoting weight loss or lean muscle growth. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been filed for a topical product and method that promotes the production of nitric oxide for the treatment of various ailments. The product consists of separate solutions that are dispensed as foams and then combined and applied to the skin. The patent application provides specific formulations for the solutions and describes the desired ratio of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide. The method can be used to treat skin disorders such as acne, cuts, scrapes, and minor burns. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, investigated the therapeutic effects of a combination of citric acid and selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on renal damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in male rats. The study found that CCl4 elevated markers of renal injury and decreased oxidative stability, while Se-NPs restored the renal structure and function and reduced the markers of renal injury. These findings suggest that Se-NPs have the potential to mitigate nephrotoxicity caused by CCl4. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Indian Journal of Animal Research. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Marmara University investigated the effect of different root canal irrigation solutions on the bonding strengths of two types of root canal sealers. The study found that the bonding strength was significantly affected by the type of sealer used and the interaction between the sealer and irrigation solution. The bonding strength of AH Plus sealer was found to be superior to Bioserra sealer. The study recommended using AH Plus sealer instead of Bioserra when using 17% EDTA or 10% citric acid as an irrigation solution. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Government Dental College and Hospital in Maharashtra, India, explored the effects of citric acid and EDTA on the viability of human periodontal ligament cells attached to simulated avulsed permanent teeth. The researchers found that treating the dehydrated root surface of avulsed teeth with citric acid for 30 minutes resulted in better outcomes compared to EDTA treatment for 5 minutes and the control group. This in-vitro study suggests that citric acid may be effective in preventing tooth loss by facilitating normal reattachment and regeneration of the periodontal ligament. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College in Maharashtra, India have developed a hydrogel film using pomegranate peel extract (PPE) filled with citric acid (CA) and beta-cyclodextrin-carboxymethyl tapioca starch (CMS). The film is designed to prevent wound infections and accelerate the healing process. The optimized film exhibited favorable properties such as swellability, wound fluid absorptivity, and mechanical properties. In a mice model, the film showed promising wound healing effects, including increased collagen deposition and reduced inflammation. The researchers concluded that the developed film could be recommended as a biodegradable and antibacterial hydrogel platform to improve cell proliferation during the healing of diabetic wounds. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Chiang Mai University in Thailand explores the use of hydrogel materials for targeted drug delivery in anti-inflammatory wound healing. The researchers fabricated hydrogel films using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) crosslinked with citric acid (CA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) at different concentrations. The optimized crosslink densities in the hydrogel films showed improved properties such as density, swelling capacities, solubility percentage reduction, and water retention capacities. The hydrogel films were found to be effective drug carriers for controlled drug release, with increased absorption of triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) and enhanced anti-inflammatory activity. The study suggests that these modified hydrogel films have the potential to be alternative materials for wound healing with improved anti-inflammatory efficiency. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina have developed a treatment to extend the shelf-life and improve the quality of a ready-to-eat salad. The treatment combines citric acid disinfection, oregano essential oil application, and UV-C radiation. Through response surface methodology, the researchers determined the optimal conditions for the treatment, which resulted in significant reductions in bacteria, increased antioxidant potential, and decreased enzymatic activity. The optimized treatment extended the microbiological shelf-life of the salad by at least 7 days. The study highlights the potential synergies of these non-thermal treatments for improving microbiological and antioxidant properties in food products. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Formulations And Methods For Treating Erectile Dysfunction" has been published online. The application discusses the need for effective treatments for erectile dysfunction, which affects a significant number of men. The inventors propose organic-aqueous mixtures that can solubilize phosphodiesterase inhibitors, such as vardenafil, sildenafil, and tadalafil, and enhance their permeation across mucosal membranes. The formulations include various components such as alcohols, polyethers, and weak salts, and can be administered intranasally or sublingually. The patent application provides detailed methods for preparing and using these formulations to treat erectile dysfunction. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Vila Velha in Brazil have conducted a study on yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) beverages. Yacon is a root with high phenolic compounds and fiber content, which have potential health benefits. The researchers aimed to produce yacon beverages with anti-browning agents and evaluate their spontaneous fermentation during storage. The study found that the addition of citric acid resulted in a desirable pH for fermentation and a higher proportion of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), but a lower amount of certain phenolic compounds. The researchers concluded that spontaneous fermentation added nutritional and functional value to the yacon beverage, particularly when citric acid was used. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Nanjing Forestry University in China have published a study on the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in secondary wastewater. They introduced simulated sunlight and citric acid in an Fe(II)/persulfate (PS) system to enhance the degradation of SMX. The study found that the removal efficiency of SMX reached 71.15% and 85.25% in the sunlight/Fe(II)/Cit system and sunlight/Fe(II)/Cit/PS system, respectively. The research concluded that the sunlight/Fe(II)/Cit/PS process could be used as an advanced treatment technology for antibiotics in municipal wastewater. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, focused on optimizing factors that influence citric acid production by Aspergillus niger, a microorganism responsible for 90% of global citric acid production. The researchers found that factors such as magnesium sulfate, potassium ferrocyanide, and ammonium oxalate significantly increased citric acid yields, while calcium chloride had minimal impact. These findings contribute to our understanding of microbial citric acid biosynthesis and have implications for industrial applications and future research. The study was conducted by researchers from the Department of Biotechnology at Virtual University in Lahore. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at the Cambridge Institute of Technology in Karnataka, India, explores the development of biodegradable plastics made from mango seed starch for sustainable food packaging. The study investigates the properties of these bioplastics, including water resistance, water vapor permeability, solubility, mechanical strength, antimicrobial activity, and biodegradability. The researchers found that the addition of fillers and a cross-linking agent improved the water resistance, barrier properties, and antimicrobial activity of the bioplastics. These bioplastics offer a natural and environmentally friendly alternative to non-biodegradable plastics commonly used in food packaging. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine aimed to investigate the relationship between urinary excretion of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) and upper urinary tract calculus. The study involved residents aged 18-80 years in the community of Haitou, Danzhou city in Hainan Province. The results showed that a decrease in urinary excretion of PBUTs, specifically indoxyl sulfate (IS), may be an independent risk factor for the formation of upper urinary tract calculus. Additionally, the levels of PBUTs were found to be correlated with levels of uric acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Stellenbosch in Cape Town, South Africa discusses a case of postoperative surgical site bleeding in a patient who consumed a large amount of mebos, a traditional South African confection made from dried apricots, prior to spinal surgery. The research found that mebos contains high levels of flavonoids and citric acid, which can inhibit coagulation and increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. The study highlights the importance of considering dietary factors and their potential effects on surgical outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Dalian University in China have published a report on food chemistry, specifically focusing on the development of biodegradable active food-packaging films. These films were created using a combination of konjac glucomannan, polyvinyl alcohol, citric acid, and Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide. The addition of the polysaccharide improved the structure, physical properties, and functionality of the films, including enhanced barrier, UV-shielding, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The researchers found that the best film, containing 0.2% polysaccharide, successfully reduced weight loss and extended the shelf life of strawberries when used for packaging. This research suggests that these films have potential applications in food packaging. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences explored the use of cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation to improve cough reflexes in patients with Parkinson's disease. The study found that this intervention significantly increased the proportion of patients with a normal cough reflex after consuming citric acid. Other indicators, such as tongue pressure and respiratory function, remained unchanged. The researchers suggest that this treatment may help prevent aspiration pneumonia, a leading cause of death in Parkinson's disease patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Health Sciences in Ankara, Turkey discusses the integration of active compounds into food packaging films to enhance their food protection capabilities. The study focuses on the release of phenolic compounds from chitosan/teff flour films and examines the effects of incorporating beetroot leaf extract and citric acid crosslinking. The research finds that the addition of citric acid leads to increased density and thermal stability, as well as reduced moisture content, water solubility, water vapor permeability, and swelling index. Mathematical modeling and experimental data support the controlled release of phenolic compounds in food packaging. [Extracted from the article]

Lanzhou University in the People's Republic of China has conducted research on a new method for detecting citric acid in beverages using gold nanoclusters. The researchers synthesized the nanoclusters using glutathione and aluminum ions, and found that the fluorescence intensity of the nanoclusters increased with the addition of aluminum ions but was quenched after the addition of citric acid. They developed a fluorescence-based strategy for the sensitive detection of citric acid, achieving a linear detection range of 0-80.0 mM. The researchers concluded that the probe had potential for detecting citric acid in food. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for the approval of sotalol compositions and their uses. Sotalol hydrochloride is a medication used to treat atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. However, some patients, such as children and the elderly, have difficulty swallowing solid dosage forms, so oral formulations must be prepared. These formulations have limited stability, so there is a need for improved oral solutions that are stable for commercial sales. The patent application describes oral solutions containing sotalol hydrochloride that are stable for greater than four months and can be used to treat heart diseases and disorders. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Tehran have published a study on tissue engineering, specifically focusing on the synthesis of akermanite nanoparticles using a microwave-assisted method. The study explores the use of citric acid as a chelating agent to optimize the calcination temperature for synthesizing pure akermanite nanoparticles. The researchers developed a predictive model using machine learning to understand the relationship between synthesis parameters and the resulting purity and particle size of akermanite. The study concludes that the synthesized akermanite nanoparticles show potential suitability for bone tissue engineering applications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Sofia University in Bulgaria explores the use of b-Cyclodextrin (b-CD) and citric acid to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of ibuprofen (IBU). The researchers used mechanical milling and thermal annealing as synthetic methods and found that the ternary b-CD/IBU/CA complex exhibited improved dissolution kinetics compared to pure ibuprofen and the binary b-CD/IBU system. While the addition of citric acid did not significantly increase the solubility rate of IBU, it should be noted that the amount of b-CD used in the ternary complex was significantly less than in the binary complex. This research was supported by the National Recovery And Resilience Plan of The Republic of Bulgaria. [Extracted from the article]

This patent application discusses a new oral mucoadhesive delivery system that can be used to administer neurotrophic and neuroprotective compositions. The current delivery systems for these compounds have limitations, such as short contact time and slow absorption. The disclosed system is made up of a saccharide base combined with various ingredients like palm oil, citric acid, and sunflower lecithin. It also includes minerals like magnesium, zinc, lithium, and selenium, as well as nutraceutical phytocompounds. The specific amounts of these elements and compounds can vary depending on the formulation. The system can be made into a soft-chew or gummy and provides specific ranges for the amounts of elemental substances per serving. [Extracted from the article]