1. Effects of diet-induced obesity on metabolic parameters and reproductive function in female Ossabaw minipigs.
- Author
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Newell-Fugate AE, Taibl JN, Clark SG, Alloosh M, Sturek M, and Krisher RL
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue enzymology, Adipose Tissue physiopathology, Adiposity, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Aromatase metabolism, Biomarkers blood, Diet, High-Fat, Disease Models, Animal, Energy Intake, Estrous Cycle blood, Female, Fructose, Hormones blood, Infertility, Female blood, Infertility, Female pathology, Infertility, Female physiopathology, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Metabolic Syndrome blood, Obesity, Abdominal blood, Obesity, Abdominal physiopathology, Ovarian Follicle metabolism, Ovarian Follicle pathology, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, Time Factors, Cholesterol, Dietary, Energy Metabolism, Infertility, Female etiology, Metabolic Syndrome etiology, Obesity, Abdominal etiology, Reproduction, Swine blood, Swine, Miniature blood
- Abstract
This study characterizes the effect of an excess-calorie, high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-fructose diet on metabolic parameters and reproductive function in female Ossabaw minipigs. Cycling sows were fed a hypercaloric, high-fat, high-cholesterol, and high-fructose diet (obese, n = 4) or a control diet (control, n = 5) for 13 mo. During the final 4 mo, ovarian ultrasonography was done, blood was collected, and weights and measures were taken. Pigs then underwent ovarian stimulation. Cycle length and androstenedione, total testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, insulin, fructosamine, lipid, and glucose levels were measured. In addition, adipose tissue aromatase gene expression was assessed. As compared with control pigs, obese pigs were hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic; had elevated total cholesterol, triglyceride, and leptin levels, and demonstrated abdominal adiposity. Visceral adipose tissue of obese pigs, as compared with control pigs, showed increased aromatase gene expression. Obese pigs had longer estrous cycles, higher serum androstenedione, and higher luteal phase serum luteinizing hormone, compared with control pigs. During the luteal phase, obese pigs had more medium, ovulatory, and cystic ovarian follicles, whereas control pigs had more small ovarian follicles. When fed an excess-calorie, high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-fructose diet, female Ossabaw minipigs develop obesity, metabolic syndrome, and abnormal reproductive function. This animal model may be applicable to studies of the effects of obesity on fertility in women.
- Published
- 2014