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Green-route-bioengineered nanoparticles have received significant attention for diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the medical technology era due to their non-toxic nature, cost-friendliness, and energy efficiency. Interestingly, tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) were synthesized from the root extract of Himalayan herb Rheum emodi by a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method. Structural analysis revealed that biosynthesized SnO2 NPs show a tetragonal crystal symmetry with the space group P4/2mnm as confirmed by the Rietveld refinement method. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the average particle diameter was established as ∼40 nm with a spherical shape. Furthermore, by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, it was revealed that metabolites (hydroxyanthraquinones) present in Rheum emodi root extracts act as capping, reducing and stabilizing agents aiding in the synthesis of SnO2 NPs. Amongst the major metabolites aiding the anticancer activity, aloe-emodin, archin (emodin), chrysophanic acid (chrysophanol) and parietin (physcion) are established anti-cancer agents. It is noteworthy that the Rheum emodi root extract-derived SnO2 NPs deployed the diamagnetic character in a room-temperature magnetic characterization environment of a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It was observed that the room-temperature photoluminescence spectra revealed a rich violet emission band of wavelength ∼419 nm. In addition, the anticancer potential of Rheum emodi root extract-derived SnO2 NPs was investigated against the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 at different concentrations. Finally, we docked hydroxyanthraquinones (aloe-emodin, archin, chrysophanic acid and parietin) with anti-cancer proteins (estrogen receptor alpha, epidermal growth factor receptor, N-myristol transferase, mammalian target of rapamycin, vascular endothelial growth receptor-2 and progesterone receptor) to confirm the anticancer potential of Rheum emodi.

Protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils is a key feature of a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Prion disease. To detect amyloid fibrils, fluorophores with high sensitivity and better efficiency coupled with the low toxicity are in high demand even to date. In this pursuit, we have unveiled two benzimidazole-based fluorescence sensors ([C15 H15 N3 ] (C1) and [C16 H16 N3 O2 ] (C2), which possess exceptional affinity toward different amyloid fibrils in its submicromolar concentration (8 × 10-9 M), whereas under a similar concentration, the gold standard Thioflavin-T (ThT) fails to bind with amyloid fibrils. These fluorescent markers bind to α-Syn amyloid fibrils as well as amyloid fibrils forming other proteins/peptides including Aβ42 amyloid fibrils. The 1 H-15 N heteronuclear quantum correlation spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance data collected on wild-type α-Syn monomer with and without the fluorophores (C1 and C2) reveal that there is weak or no interactions between C1 or C2 with residues in α-Syn monomer, which indirectly reflects the specific binding ability of C1 and C2 to the α-Syn amyloid fibrils. Detailed studies further suggest that C1 and C2 can detect/bind with the α-Syn amyloid fibril as low as 100 × 10-9 M. Extremely low or no cytotoxicity is observed for C1 and C2 and they do not interfere with α-Syn fibrillation kinetics, unlike ThT. Both C1/C2 not only shows selective binding with amyloid fibrils forming various proteins/peptides but also displays excellent affinity and selectivity toward α-Syn amyloid aggregates in SH-SY5Y cells and Aβ42 amyloid plaques in animal brain tissues. Overall, our data show that the developed dyes could be used for the detection of amyloid fibrils including α-Syn and Aβ42 amyloids with higher sensitivity as compared to currently used ThT.

Despite poor bioavailability of the drug and in vivo stability, curcumin has been reported for many pharmacological activities. Considering the potential of dendrimers as a drug delivery sy...

Treating the enantiomerically pure Schiff base ligand (R-H2L1 or S-H2L1) with equimolar copper nitrate led to the isolation of two chiral tetranuclear Cu(II) cubane complexes with the general molecular formula [Cu4(R-L1)4] (R-1) and [Cu4(S-L1)4] (S-1), which are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both R-1 and S-1 are structurally analogous to each other, which is reflected from their unit cell parameters. The chiral ligands employed efficiently transfer the chirality to the metal complex, which is reflected from their flack parameters and the complex R-1 crystallizes in the chiral, polar point/space group (C2). The chirality is maintained not only in the solid-state but also in the solution state for both R/S-H2L1 and R/S-1. The direct current magnetic susceptibility measurements performed on a polycrystalline sample of a representative complex R-1 exhibits a dominant ferromagnetic interaction resulting in an S = 2 ground state, which is in contrast to the other alkoxide bridged [Cu4O4] complexes reported. The electronic structure and the observed ferromagnetic exchange coupling in R-1 are rationalized by detailed theoretical calculations.

A robust and unusual three coordinate Co(ii) complex [Li(DME)3][Co(L)3] (1, where L = Lithium (2,6-diisopropylphenyl) amide and DME = Dimethoxyethane) shows easy plane magnetic anisotropy (D) which is validated by variable temperature X-band EPR studies. 1 also registered with the largest anisotropic barrier (51.1 K, τ0 = 1.98 × 10-8 s; Hdc ≠ 0) to the magnetization reversal among the three coordinate Co(ii) complexes. The role of its geometry on the SH parameters and the experimental observations are rationalized by theoretical calculations including the origin of magnetic anisotropy.

Rajata Bhasma (RB) is an Ayurvedic formulation and used for the treatment of liver disorders. Till date scientific validation according to modern tool of RB has been not performed. Hence it was planned to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of RB in CCl­4 induced liver cirrhosis rats. The different formulation RB1 (9 puta) and RB2 (17 puta) were prepared by following classical methods. The SGOT, SGPT, ALP, ACP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in blood significantly enhance in CCl4 treated rats compared to normal group rats. After treatment with the different doses of RB1 (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and RB2 (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) significantly decreased the CCl4 induced alteration in SGOT, SGPT, ALP, ACP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in blood. The RB1 and RB2 treated rats significantly increased the level of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase enzyme, whereas lipid peroxidation was decreased, when compared to CCl4 treated group rats. Theses property confirmed the antioxidant properties of RB. The findings suggest that hepatoprotective activity of RB may be due to free radical scavenging property.

We developed a new approach to attach particles onto a conductive layer as a working electrode (WE) in a microfluidic electrochemical cell with three electrodes. Nafion, an efficient proton transfer molecule, is used to form a thin protection layer to secure particle electrodes. Spin coating is used to develop a thin and even layer of Nafion membrane. The effects of Nafion (5 wt% 20 wt%) and spinning rates were evaluated using multiple sets of replicates. The electrochemical performance of various devices was demonstrated. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of the devices is used to select and optimize fabrication conditions. The results show that a higher spinning rate and a lower Nafion concentration (5 wt%) induce a better performance, using cerium oxide (CeO2) particles as a testing model. The WE surfaces were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy-focused ion beam (SEM-FIB), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The comparison between the pristine and corroded WE surfaces shows that Nafion is redistributed after potential is applied. Our results verify that Nafion membrane offers a reliable means to secure particles onto electrodes. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance is reliable and reproducible. Thus, this approach provides a new way to study more complex and challenging particles, such as uranium oxide, in the future.

Four mononuclear cobalt(II) complexes with pseudo tetrahedral geometry were isolated with different counteranions; their structure solution reveals the molecular formula as [Co(L1)4]X2 [where L1 = thiourea (NH2CSNH2) and X = NO3 (1), Br (2), and I (3)] and [Co(L1)4](SiF6) (4). The detailed analysis of direct-current (dc) magnetic data reveals a zero-field splitting (ZFS; D) with mS = ±3/2 as the ground levels (D < 0) for the four complexes. The magnitude of the ZFS parameter is larger, in absolute value, for 1 (D = -61.7 cm-1) than the other three complexes (-5.4, -5.1, and -12.2 cm-1 for 2-4, respectively). The sign of D for 1, 2, and 4 was unambiguously determined by X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of the diluted samples (10%) at 5 K. For 3, the sign of D was naturally endorsed from the frequency-dependent out-of-phase signal (χM″) observed in the absence of an external dc magnetic field and confirmed by high-frequency EPR (70-600 GHz) experiments performed on a representative pure polycrystalline 3, which gave a quantitative D value of -5.10(7) cm-1. Further, the drastic changes in the spin Hamiltonian parameters and their related relaxation dynamics phenomena (of 2-4 compared to 1) were rationalized using ab initio complete-active-space self-consistent field/n-electron valence perturbation theory calculations. Calculations disclose that the anion-induced structural distortion observed in 2-4 leads to a nonfavorable overlap between the π orbital of cobalt(II) and the π* orbital of the sulfur atom that reduces the overall |D| value in these complexes compared to 1. The present study demonstrates that not only the first but also the second coordination sphere significantly influences the magnitude of the ZFS parameters. Particularly, a reduction of D of up to ∼90% occurs (in 2-4 compared to 1) upon a simple variation of the counteranions and offers a viable approach to modulate ZFS in transition-metal-containing single-molecule magnets.

Background: Most of the morbidity and mortality of very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates are due to oxidative stress and infection. Selenium can address these issues due to its antioxidant role and synthesis of glutathione peroxidase for scavenging free radicals. Objective: The objective of the study was to find the serum selenium levels in hospitalized preterm VLBW neonates. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the Neonatal Unit of Department of Paediatrics in a tertiary care hospital, Lucknow, for the duration of 1 year. A total of 126 preterm VLBW neonates admitted within 72 h of birth and having a venepuncture for any reason were enrolled, and those with major congenital abnormality, prior supplementation, and necrotizing enterocolitis on admission were excluded. Blood sample was collected after enrollment in plain vacutainer under aseptic precautions and after ½ h serum was separated by centrifugation. Selenium levels were estimated in serum by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry method (Perkin Elmer Optima 8000). Results: Mean birth weight was 1150±210 g and mean gestational age was 30.21±3.76 weeks in our study population. Mean levels of selenium were 9.49±3.49 ?g/dl. Mean selenium levels in neonates with gestational age 32 weeks were 8.90±3.32, 9.32±3.74, and 10.57±3.15 ?g/dl (p=0.107), respectively. Thus, the selenium levels were seen increasing with an increase in the gestational age. Furthermore, serum selenium level of neonates with birth weight >1 kg (10.08±3.55 ?g/dl) was found to be significantly higher than those with birth weight ?1 kg (8.40±3.12 ?g/dl) (p=0.009). No significant association was seen with birth centiles or gender. Conclusion: Serum selenium levels were significantly lower in preterm neonates with lesser gestational age and lower birth weight although the baseline levels were within normal limits. Thus, the significant difference in levels can be linked with most of the morbidities and mortality in preterm neonates.

Adsorption is an emerging technique in terms of both uranium removal and pre-concentration. This paper presents the feasibility of adsorption of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions using hollow amorphous SiO 2 nanotubes (SNTs) and crystalline Zn 2 SiO 4 nanotubes (ZnSNTs), synthesised by scalable wet-chemical technique. With quantitative spectroscopy based techniques, we explore various parameters affecting the U(VI) adsorption. Detailed exploration of the kinetics shows that the process follows a Langmuir adsorption process, with a second order kinetics. Furthermore, adsorption isotherm yields a remarkably high uranium adsorption capacity (250 mg/g and 143 mg/g) of SNTs and ZnSNTs respectively, paving a way for their large scale application. The adsorbents remained selective wards the radionuclide even in aqueous matrices like sea water and mine affluent samples – thus highlighting the practical applicability of the method. On an extended note, we show that the adsorbents can be regenerated in a post-adsorption process, opening a tantalising possibility of recycling and reuse.

Stabilizing an easy axis of magnetization in an octahedral Co(II) complex is an extremely challenging task, which is evident from reports that more than 90% possess easy-plane anisotropy. Here, we report a six-coordinate complex, [Co(L 1) 4(Cl) 2] (1, L 1 = thiourea [H 2N-CS-NH 2]), that exhibits a D value of −63(10) cm −1. The presence of an easy axis of magnetization associated with 1 is experimentally proven by detailed magnetic studies and polarized neutron diffraction studies, and the experimental observations are well corroborated by theoretical calculations. From the combined experimental and theoretical investigations (on 1 and many model systems), we unveil the parameters that control stabilization of negative D in a thermodynamically favorable and air-stable Co(II) ion in the common distorted octahedral geometry. This study paves the way for overcoming the current impediments to alleviate the easy axis of magnetization using rational ligand choice.

A family of hetero-trinuclear metal complexes with the general molecular formula [Zn2Dy(L1)2(OAc)4] (X) where X = (NO3)0.92(Br)0.08 (1), ClO4 (2), Cl (3) and PF6 (4) were structurally characterized using a Schiff base ligand (HL1). The Dy(iii) ion in 1-4 exhibits distorted square anti-prism geometry; however, the extent of distortion observed around Dy(iii) in these complexes differ from each other. Consequently, 1-4 show distinct magnetization relaxation dynamics, with the anisotropic energy barrier of 25.4 cm-1, 12.9 cm-1, 14.08 cm-1 and 55.5 cm-1, respectively. The detailed electronic structure of 1-4 and the experimentally observed magnetization relaxation dynamics trends were rationalized using ab initio calculations. The detailed investigation discloses the non-zero influence of the anion themselves and the anion induced geometry change in Zn(ii) affects the electronic structure of Dy(iii), which in turn affects the magnetization relaxation dynamics. Overall, the study unveils an unprecedented methodology i.e. change in geometry of Zn(ii) by altering the anion in the crystal lattice to modulate the relaxation dynamics of Dy(iii).

Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C), an interstitial transition metal carbide, has been used in a myriad of industrial applications due to its refractory nature, extreme hardness and strength, and high electrical and thermal conductivity. It also possesses catalytic activity for many chemical processes such as hydrodeoxygenation, reforming, water–gas shift, and the Fischer–Tropsch reaction. Among the current synthesis methods available to produce β-Mo2C, temperature-programmed reduction yields materials with the highest specific surface areas. The objective of the present work is to perform a detailed investigation of the carburization process and to determine the key intermediate phases that are formed during reduction. To achieve this objective, we performed the carburization process under pulse conditions wherein a small amount of CH4 in each pulse was reacted with a packed bed of MoO2. Our XRD and TEM results demonstrate that the solid-phase transformation from MoO2 to β-Mo2C follows a “plum-pudding” mechanism where Mo metal crystallites are constantly formed as the key intermediate phase throughout the matrix.

Precious metal based electrocatalysts are considered as the most efficient ones to drive kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution/reduction reactions (OER/ORR) for metal–air batteries and fuel-cells. However, their monofunctionality in addition to their exorbitant cost has stimulated the quest for economically viable bifunctional electrocatalysts for use in next generation electrochemical energy devices. Here, we report Fe–Fe3C encapsulated in Fe–Nx enriched spheres of N-doped carbon nanotubes (FCMR, M = 3, 10, 25, 40 represents the ramping rate of temperature during synthesis) as a potentially enduring, cost effective, highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for total oxygen electrochemistry (ORR and OER) and a comprehensive study to elucidate the role of various Fe moieties. In addition to the improved OER/ORR activities as evident from the better onset potential, lower Tafel slopes and high current densities over commercially available RuO2/Pt–C electrocatalysts and several recently reported state-of-the-art bi-functional electrocatalysts, FC10R shows a current retention value of ∼93 and ∼98% after the accelerated cyclic stability test for the OER and ORR, respectively. The preferable 4e− pathways and suppressed peroxide generation in the ORR by FC10R further ensure maximum electrochemical energy harvesting. Remarkably, the complete oxygen electrochemistry of FC10R in alkaline medium as evaluated from ΔE (=Ej(OER) = 10 − E1/2(ORR) = 0.758 V) is significantly lower than that of commercially available/recently reported electrocatalysts and advocates the minimum cyclic loss. The overall study elucidates the synergistic effect of Fe–Nx coordination and Fe3C moieties on oxygen electrochemistry, and FC10R has shown its potential to serve as a non-precious metal based bifunctional electrocatalyst for next generation electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. Finally, a prototype Al–air battery arrangement using FC10R as an air-cathode for powering a green light emitting diode has been demonstrated.

Changing the anion in a crystal lattice induces distinct structural distortions in the [CoS4]2+ core for a family of complexes with the general molecular formula [Co(L1)4]X2, where L1 = thiourea (NH2CSNH2) and X = I (1), Br (2), and [Co(L1)4](SiF6) (3). The magnetic anisotropy (D) for 1–3 was quantitatively determined with a magnitude of −153(2), −168(5) and

Band structure engineering is a powerful technique both for the design of new semiconductor materials and for imparting new functionalities to existing ones. In this article, we present a novel and versatile technique to achieve this by surface adsorption on low dimensional systems. As a specific example, we demonstrate, through detailed experiments and ab initio simulations, the controlled modification of band structure in ultrathin Te nanowires due to NO2 adsorption. Measurements of the temperature dependence of resistivity of single ultrathin Te nanowire field-effect transistor (FET) devices exposed to increasing amounts of NO2 reveal a gradual transition from a semiconducting to a metallic state. Gradual quenching of vibrational Raman modes of Te with increasing concentration of NO2 supports the appearance of a metallic state in NO2 adsorbed Te. Ab initio simulations attribute these observations to the appearance of midgap states in NO2 adsorbed Te nanowires. Our results provide fundamental insights i...

The optoelectronic performance of hybrid devices from graphene and optically sensitive semiconductors exceeds conventional photodetectors due to a large in-built optical gain. Tellurium nanowire (TeNW), being a narrow direct band gap semiconductor (∼0.65 eV), is as an excellent potential candidate for near infra-red (NIR) detection. Here we demonstrate a new graphene-TeNW binary hybrid that exhibits a maximum photoresponsivity of ∼106 A W-1 at 175 K in the NIR regime (920 nm-1720 nm), which exceeds the photoresponsivity of the most common NIR photodetectors. The resulting noise-equivalent power (NEP) is as low as 2 × 10-18 W Hz-1/2, and the specific detectivity (D*) exceeds 5 × 1013 cm Hz1/2 W-1 (Jones). The temperature range of optimal operation, which extends up to ≈220 K and ≈260 K for 1720 nm and 920 nm excitation, respectively, is primarily limited by the electrical conductivity of the TeNW layer, and can further be improved by lowering of the defect density as well as inter-wire electronic coupling.

Background: Studies comparing serum bilirubin trend and hematological profile of neonates with hemolytic and nonhemolytic etiology are limited. Apart from high bilirubin load, they are at increased risk of developing anemia in early days of life. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in neonatal unit on late preterm and term neonates (>35 weeks) with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UH) to compare serum bilirubin trend (initial and peak), hematological profile (hemoglobin [Hb] and hematocrit [PCV]) (initial and at 3 months), between hemolytic and non-hemolytic cases. Result: Among 240 enrolled neonates, initial serum bilirubin level was higher in haemolytic group than non-hemolytic (mg/dl) (16.9 ± 3.2 vs. 14.6 ± 4.1; p

This paper investigates the physicochemical properties of rare earth metal Dysprosium (Dy) doped SnO2 dilute magnetic semiconducting nanoparticles. Sol-gel method was adopted to synthesize Sn(1-x)DyxO2 (x = 0, 0.05 and 0.10) compositional series. Structural analysis revealed that all the compositions exhibit pure rutile type tetragonal crystal structure with space group P42/mnm as manifested by Rietveld refinement without any secondary phases and impurities. FTIR spectra of all the compositions showed a band at 592 cm−1 belonging to Sn–O symmetric vibration. Pure and Dy3+ modified SnO2 nanoparticles exhibited pseudo-spherical morphology with an average particle size of 16 nm, 19 nm, and 22.8 nm for x = 0, 0.05, and 0.10, respectively as calculated from the statistical bar graph distribution of particles. The particle size increased with increasing Dy3+ concentration. The enhancement in cell volume with increasing Dy3+ concentration as calculated from Rietveld refinement studies also complimented TEM results. HRTEM fringe pattern and ring pattern of SAED plot endorsed the formation of tetragonal structure of Sn(1-x)DyxO2 (x = 0, 0.05 and 0.10) nanoparticles. Photoluminescence spectra of all the compositions displayed a strong emission peak of ~407 nm, which may be ascribed due to oxygen vacancies in the samples. MH hysteresis loop of pure SnO2 showed weak ferromagnetism at low fields and diamagnetic nature at the higher field but Dy3+ doped SnO2 nanoparticles displayed paramagnetism at x = 0.05 and ferromagnetism at x = 0.10, which might be due to increase in oxygen vacancies upon increasing aliovalent Dy3+ in the host SnO2.

Calcium copper titanate on doping Teo(4+) at Ti4+ sites transformed structurally to centrosymmetric tetragonal double perovskite. Indeed selected area electron diffraction studies carried out on Te doped ceramics corroborate the refined X-ray diffraction data. The dielectric tunability obtained as a function of applied DC field in Te doped calcium copper titanate ceramics was superior to that of undoped samples. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A series of mononuclear tetrahedral cobalt(II) complexes with the general molecular formula [Co(L-1)(2)X-2] [where L-1 = tetramethylthiourea ([(CH3)(2)N](2)C=S) and X = Cl (1), Br (2), and I (3)] were isolated, and their structures were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The experimental direct-current magnetic data are excellently " reproduced by fitting both chi T-M(T) and M(H) simultaneously using the spin Hamiltonian (SH) parameters D-1 = 18.1 cm(-1) and g(1,iso) = 2.26, D-2 = 16.4 cm(-1) and g(2,iso) = 2.33, and D-3 = -22 cm(-1) and g(3,iso) 2.4 for 1-3, respectively, and the sign of D was unambiguously confirmed from X-band electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. The effective energy barrier extracted for the magnetically diluted complexes 1-3 (10%) is larger than the barrier observed for the pure samples and implies a nonzero contribution of dipolar interaction to the magnetization relaxation dynamics. The SH parameters extracted for the three complexes drastically differ from their respective parent complexes that possess the general molecular formula [Co(L)(2)X-2] [where L = thiourea [(NH2)(2)C=S] and X = Cl (la), Br (2a), and I (3a)], which is rationalized by detailed ab initio calculations. An exhaustive theoretical study reveals that both the ground and excited states are not pure but rather multideterminental in nature (1-3). Noticeably, the substitution of L by L, induces structural distortion in 1-3 on the level of the secondary coordination sphere compared to 1a-3a. This distortion leads to an overall reduction in vertical bar E/D vertical bar of 1-3 compared to 1a-3a. This may be one of the reasons for the origin of the slower relaxation times of 1-3 compared to 1a-3a.

This book chapter is mainly devoted to the recent findings about the cobalt(II) single-ion magnets (SIMs). Influence of various coordination numbers (from 2 to 8) around Co(II) in determining the spin Hamiltonian (SH) parameters of the complexes is reviewed. This chapter also discloses the importance of proper ligand design for stabilizing Ising or uniaxial anisotropy in mononuclear Co(II) complexes.

This chapter deals with single-molecule magnets (SMMs) obtained from heterometallic Co(II)/4f complexes. The design principles involved in building various types of heterometallic complexes are discussed along with their magnetic properties. A large group of hybrid Co(II)/4f complexes of varying nuclearity are discussed. Some examples of Co(III)/4f complexes are also presented.

Congenital tuberculosis is an uncommon condition, but in a country like India, where largest tuberculosis burden is found, there should be an eye on early diagnosis and management of this condition so as to prevent the devastating consequences of this disease considering the absence of specific pathogenic signs and symptoms. Here, we present a case of congenital tuberculosis in a newborn who was admitted on the 17th day after birth with the complaint of difficulty in breathing and lethargy for 3 days. On observing the antenatal history, it was found that mother after conception was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and was inadequately treated. The clinical indexes included no increase in body weight, hepatosplenomegaly, lethargy, and emaciated appearance. The treatment was initiated with antibiotics in intravenous form along with 4-drug antitubercular treatment (ATT). The 4-drug ATT was stopped after 1 week due to negative outcome in the tubercular screening, which leads to respiratory complications. The 4-drug ATT regimen was started again after a week on clinical basis which resulted in significant improvement within a few days. Hence, the present case presents a perspective that congenital tuberculosis can be considered in a newborn when mother has a history of tuberculosis before or during pregnancy.

At present times, Herbal remedies occupy an important position for being the paramount sources of drug discovery, irrespectiv e of its categorized groups in which including herbs, Shrubs or trees. Plants have been indispensab le in treating diverse form of diseases including cancer. Cancer is not just one disease but many diseases. There are more than 100 different types of cancer the plant based drug discovery resulted mainly in the develo pment of anticancer agents including p lants (vincristine, vinblastine, etoposide, paclitaxel, camptothecin, topotecan and irinotecan), marine organisms (citarabine , aplidine and dolastatin

We introduce a new and naturally abundant mild reducing agent, tannic acid, to improve the seed-mediated growth method for the synthesis of elongated tetrahexahedral Au nanocrystals enclosed with high-index (730) planes, at room-temperature. The control of the dimensions, plasmonics and electro-catalysis of such high-index faceted nanocrystals is remarkable.

Slight variations in the Schiff base ligand and the linker length, led to the isolation of three different Mn(III) complexes under similar synthetic conditions that were characterized structurally and magnetically. [Mn III (L1)(N 3 )(H 2 O)]∙DMSO (1) and [Mn III (L2)N(CN) 2 (CH 3 OH)]∙CHCl 3 (3) are azide and dicyanamide based monomers of Mn(III) with salophen and naphthophen as ligands respectively while [Mn III (L1)N(CN) 2 ] n ∙H 2 O (2) is a dicyanamide based 1D-extended structure of Mn(III) with salophen ligand. Magnetic studies on 2 reveal antiferromagnetic interactions between the magnetic centers (J 1 = -0.49 cm -1 ). All the three complexes have strong hydrogen bonding interactions connecting the monomeric units or polymeric chains into 2-D assemblies. The presence of supramolecular interactions within 1 - 3 was analyzed using Hirshfeld method.

We report a facile synthesis of Zn2SiO4 nanotubes using a two-step process consisting of a wet-chemical synthesis of core-shell ZnO@SiO2 nanorods followed by thermal annealing. While annealing in air leads to the formation of hollow Zn2SiO4, annealing under reducing atmosphere leads to the formation of SiO2 nanotubes. We rationalize the formation of the silicate phase at temperatures much lower than the temperatures reported in the literature based on the porous nature of the silica shell on the ZnO nanorods. We present results from in situ transmission electron microscopy experiments to clearly show void nucleation at the interface between ZnO and the silica shell and the growth of the silicate phase by the Kirkendall effect. The porous nature of the silica shell is also responsible for the etching of the ZnO leading to the formation of silica nanotubes under reducing conditions. Both the hollow silica and silicate nanotubes exhibit good uranium sorption at different ranges of pH making them possible candidates for nuclear waste management.