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Platelet-derived growth receptor α (PDGFRα) is a key factor in many pathophysiological processes. The expression level of PDGFRα is significantly elevated in the early stage of liver development and maintained at a lower level in adult normal livers. In this study, we constructed a liver-specific PDGFRαD842 mutant transgenic (TG) mice model to explore the effect of continuous activation of PDGFRα on liver regeneration and hepatocarcinogenesis. 14-day-old TG and wild-type (WT) mice were intraperitoneally injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at a dose of 25 μg/g body weight. Two-month-old male TG and WT mice were subjected to partial hepatectomy (PH). The liver tissues were collected for further analysis at different time points. Overexpression of PDGFRα D842V and its target genes, Akt, c-myc and cyclin D1 in hepatocytes with no overt phenotype versus WT mice were compared. Unexpectedly, a dramatic decrease in hepatocyte proliferation was noted after PH in TG versus WT mice, possibly due to the downregulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). No TG mice developed HCC spontaneously after 14 months follow-up. However, TG mice were more resistant to DEN-induced hapatocarcinogenesis at 6, 10, and 12 months of age, showing delayed hepatocyte proliferation and apoptosis, lower tumor incidence, smaller size and fewer number, compared with age-matched WTs, partially through downregulation of MET and EGFR. In conclusion, continuous activation of PDGFRα signaling by expression of PDGFRα D842V does not promote, but inhibit hepatic regeneration and hepatocarcinogenesis, possibly through compensatory downregulation of MET and EGFR.

Glioma is the most common and fatal primary brain tumor in humans. Myosin binding protein H (MYBPH), which was first identified as an important myofibrillar constituent of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles, reduces cell motility and metastasis. However, its role in gliomas remains unclear. We evaluated the expression of MYBPH in glioma using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (https://www.cgga.org.cn/). The results showed that MYBPH was highly expressed in glioma tissues. Moreover, MYBPH expression was significantly associated with high tumor aggressiveness and poor outcomes in glioma patients. Mechanistically, the results suggested that MYBPH might promote tumor progression by improving tumor invasion and migration. Our results establish MYBPH as an important prognostic biomarker that could be considered a potential epigenetic and immunotherapeutic target for treatment. We showed that MYBPH is a novel biomarker that is variably expressed in glioblastoma (GBM). The association of high MYBPH expression with poor prognosis in newly diagnosed GBM patients and increased expression in recurrent GBM is indicative of its role in tumor aggressiveness.

Developed herein is a new methodology for a hybrid of two pharmacophoric oxindole and isoxazole motifs to construct isoxazole-fused 3,3′-disubstituted oxindole scaffolds via an efficient 1,6-additi...

A diversity-oriented molecular hybridization strategy has been utilized for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 1-indanol-fused 3-oxindoles through a regioselective domino Michael/Aldol reaction of 3-ylideneoxindoles 1 with malononitrile or cyanacetate ethyle 2. Products bearing consecutive stereocenters consist of an oxindole moiety and an indanol core, were smoothly obtained in high yields (up to 92% yield) with good diastereoselectivity (up to 20:1). This protocol also represents the first construction of indanol-fused 3-oxindole scaffolds, thus leading to new knowledge in the fields of both molecular complexity and diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) and the lead compound discovery. It is also worth mentioning that the reaction was completely regioselective and the competitive regioisomeric products 4 or 5 were not obtained in any case.

Tenascin-C (TNC), a very large multimeric glycoprotein, is overexpressed in human glioblastomas, leading to a highly motile and invasive phenotype of glioma cells. However, the regulation of TNC expression in glioma has remained unclear until now. Our data suggest that interleukin-33 (IL-33) may promote the accumulation of TNC protein by autocrine or paracrine modes of action in glioma. In the present study, the expression levels of TNC, IL-33, and ST2 were measured in glioma tissue specimens, and the impact of altered IL-33 expression on TNC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In contrast with control treatment, IL-33 treatment increased TNC expression, and knockdown of IL-33 attenuated TNC expression in glioma cells. Furthermore, IL-33 induced the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and increased the expression of TNC in U251 cells. In addition, blockage of the IL-33-ST2-NFκB pathway resulted in downregulation of TNC production. IL-33 promoted glioma cell invasion by stimulating the secretion of TNC. Similarly, knockdown of TNC inhibited the invasiveness of glioma cells. These findings provide a novel perspective on the role of the IL-33/NF-κB/TNC signalling pathway in supporting cancer progression. Thus, targeting the IL-33/NF-κB/TNC signalling pathway may be a useful therapeutic approach in glioma.

The relationship between structure and upconversion performance of four anthracene-based acceptors, named as anthracene (An), 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA), 9,10-di(naphthalen-1-yl)anthracene (DNACl) and 9,10-di(naphthalen-1-yl)anthracene-2-carbonitrile (DNACN), doped with Pd(II)tetraphenylporphyrin (PdTPP) was studied. Experimental measurements associated with theoretical calculations reveal that the influences of fluorescence quantum yield, Sterm-Volmer constant and energy level on the upconverted quantum yields. The upconverted fluorescence of PdTPP/DPA and PdTPP/DNACl in oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsion was investigated by temperature tuning. The efficiency of upconverted microemulsion increases with the increasing temperature. Furthermore, the upconverted o/w microemulsion has a good shielding ability to oxygen, which is critically important for application. It has been demonstrated to apply the upconverted microemulsion in photodegradation. Under the irradiation of green-to-blue upconverted microemulsion in air, the photodegradation efficiency of Rhodamine B (RhB) catalyzed by Zn0.3Cd0.7S is up to 80 %. The significance in this study suggests that the upconverted microemusion has a good stability against molecular oxygen and can drive the photodegradation for water purification and environmental remediation by sun energy in air.

The corrosion behavior of keyhole-free friction stir spot welded joints of dissimilar 6082 aluminum alloy and DP600 galvanized steel in 3.5% NaCl solution has been investigated by the immersion test and electrochemical analysis. The surface of the aluminum alloy produced exfoliation and pitting corrosion. The pitting occurred seriously on the interface of the 6082 aluminum alloy, but the steel had no corrosion. The corrosion galvanic couples were formed between elements of Si and Fe with a high electrode potential, and Mg and Al with a low electrode potential, around them. Mg and Al elements of Mg2Si and Si-containing solid-solution phase α (Al) preferentially became an anodic dissolution and formed exfoliation corrosion around the Si elements. Fe-rich phase θ (Al3Fe) as the cathode caused corrosion of Mg and formed pitting around Mg-rich phase β (Al3Mg2) as the anode. The sequence of the corrosion resistance of different areas of the joints (with decreasing corrosion resistance) was WNZ (Weld Nugget Zone) > TMAZ (Thermo-mechanically Affected Zone) > BM (Base Metal) > HAZ (Heat-affected Zone). The joints of keyhole-free FSSW (Fiction Stir Spot Welding) of dissimilar 6082 aluminum alloy and DP600 galvanized steel have better corrosion resistance than base metal in 3.5% NaCl solution.

The objective of this work was to discuss a calculation method of dye concentration in mixed dye bath, to develop an optical fibre sensing system for in-situ monitoring of dye concentrations in a dye bath and control the rate of exhaustion to ensure that the dyeing process yields the desired product. A designed optical fibre sensing system was proved to be practicable to measure the single dye concentration accurately, it is important to chance right calculation method in measuring mixed dye bath concentration. The experiment prepared known concentration mixture with reactive red 2G and yellow 4G. Based on measured absorption spectra, dyes concentrations were calculated by derivative ratio method. The calculated results were compared with the prepared concentrations. The accuracy was discussed. The results show that calculated dyes concentration by derivative ratio method well matched the prepared value at the certain concentration range.

The title compound, C(13)H(13)N(5)O, crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The crystal structure is stabilized by intra-molecular N-H⋯N and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dihedral angles between the pyrazine ring and the 4-aminolphenyl ring are 2.5 (1) and 6.5 (1)° in the two molecules.