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Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:42:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-11-01 Locomotion issues in broiler production may decrease performance (carcass yield and traits) and lead to high financial losses. This study evaluates the addition of glucosaminoglycans in broiler diets to minimize the lack of proper bone development and joint weakening. The experiment was conducted using 2,160 broilers randomly distributed in a factorial pattern (3 x 3) using 3 levels of glucosamine sulfate (0, 0.12, and 0.24%) and 3 levels of chondroitin sulfate addition (0, 0.08, and 0.16%). Eight repetitions were used for each treatment, distributed in 72 pens with 30 broilers each. There was a quadratic effect on feed conversion for broilers from 1 to 42 d old (P = 0.0123) for the addition of chondroitin, and better feed conversion was obtained by adding 0.08% of chondroitin. The relative tibia weight, the width of the proximal epiphysis and diaphysis presented a linear increased effect in broilers at 42 d old. An interaction was found between the amount of chondroitin x glucosamine and the number of chondrocytes in the proximal cartilage of the tibia (P = 0.0072). There was a quadratic effect of glucosamine levels (P = 0.0107) in the birds that had received the 0.16% addition of chondroitin, and the presence of 0.18% glucosamine increased the number chondrocytes in the cartilage of broilers. These results provide the first evidence that broilers may benefit from increased dietary chondroitin sulfate. These results indicate that the addition of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates in broiler feed rations might alleviate leg conditions and decrease financial losses in the broiler industry. Brazil Univ, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Coll Agr Sci, Dourados, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:39:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-05-04 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 1. This study analysed whether in ovo injection of ascorbic acid before incubation and at high incubation temperature influenced blood characteristics and performance in broilers reared in different temperature conditions.2. A total of 3,000 fertile eggs from broiler breeders (Cobb (R)) were randomly divided into three incubation treatments: no ascorbic acid injection and egg incubation at 37.5 degrees C (control); no ascorbic acid injection and egg incubation at 39 degrees C; in ovo ascorbic acid injection prior to incubation (6 mu g AA/100 mu l water) and egg incubation at 39 degrees C.3. Male chicks hatched from the three incubation treatments were submitted to three distinct rearing temperatures (control, cold and hot) from the third week of age onwards (540 chicks were divided into 6 treatments with 5 replicates per treatment).4. Measurements at 42d showed that, after egg incubation at 39 degrees C, the haematocrit, haemoglobin values, ionised calcium and glucose concentrations were increased and base excess values were reduced. However, in ovo injection of ascorbic acid normalised all these parameters.5. Partial CO2 and O-2 pressure were higher with increased rearing temperature. Blood pH was lower when eggs were incubated at 39 degrees C and injected with ascorbic acid. In ovo injection of ascorbic acid induced leucocytosis due to lymphocytosis and heterophilia, restored basophils rate and led to monocytopoenia. Leucocytosis was triggered by hot rearing temperature due to lymphocytosis, eosinophilia and heterophilia.6. The results obtained in this study showed that in ovo injection of ascorbic acid before incubation may serve as a long-term stimulator and modulator of the broiler immune system, and that high incubation temperatures induce adaptations in the electrolytic balance, minimising or avoiding the occurrence of respiratory alkalosis under hot rearing temperature. Brazil Univ, Anim Prod Master Program, Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron & Vet Sci, Dept Anim Morphol & Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron & Vet Sci, Dept Anim Morphol & Physiol, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2010/01923-7 FAPESP: 2010/15280-0

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:55:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) For the production and commercialization of ornamental fish species, it is indispensable to collect biometric data that facilitate the selection of animals for trade and genetic improvement of the stock. However, during the handling process, fish receive more stress if proper anesthetics are not used. Thus, application of appropriate anesthetics is an important tool for minimizing stress in animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effective concentrations of benzocaine, eugenol, and menthol for achieving anesthesia in Freshwater Angelfish Pterophyllum scalare and to develop induction and recovery response curves for different concentrations of these anesthetics. In total, 75 fish were exposed to five concentrations of the three anesthetics in a completely randomized design: benzocaine at 60, 85, 110, 135, and 160mg/L; eugenol at 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200mg/L; and menthol at 50, 75, 150, 200, and 250mg/L. Each concentration (5fish/concentration) consisted of five replicates, with each replicate represented by a single fish. The results indicated that the tested substances met the criteria of anesthetic efficiency. The effective concentrations of benzocaine, eugenol, and menthol for the anesthesia of Freshwater Angelfish were identified as 89.25, 90.6, and 92.1mg/L, respectively. Sao Paulo State Univ, Aquaculture Ctr, Via Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Brazil Univ, Campus Fernandopolis,Estr Projetada F-1 S-N, BR-15600000 Fernandopolis, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Aquaculture Ctr, Via Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2016/11940-2 FAPESP: 2013/25761-4

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T21:36:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-09-01 UNESP UNIFESP Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Rhamnetin (Rhm), 3-O-methylquercetin (3MQ), and Rhamnazin (Rhz) are methylated derivatives of quercetin commonly found in fruits and vegetables that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) displays several important roles during acute inflammation; therefore, this study aimed at investigating new compounds able to inhibit this enzyme, besides evaluating creatine kinase (CK) levels and citotoxicity. Methylated quercetins were compared with quercetin (Q) and were incubated with secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) from Bothrops jararacussu to determine their inhibitory activity. Cytotoxic studies were performed by using the J774 cell lineage incubated with quercertins. In vivo tests were performed with Swiss female mice to evaluate decreasing paw edema potential and compounds' CK levels. Structural modifications on sPLA2 were made with circular dichroism (CD). Despite Q and Rhz showing greater enzymatic inhibitory potential, high CK was observed. Rhm exhibited sPLA2 inhibitory potential, no toxicity and, remarkably, it decreased CK levels. The presence of 3OH on the C-ring of Rhm may contribute to both its anti-inflammatory and enzymatic inhibition of sPLA2, and the methylation of ring A may provide the increase in cell viability and low CK level induced by sPLA2. These results showed that Rhm can be a candidate as a natural compound for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Food Nutr & Hlth, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Biosci Inst, BR-11330900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Brazil Univ, Prorector Res, BR-08230030 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Pathol Lab Infect Dis LIM50, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Biosci Inst, BR-11330900 Sao Paulo, Brazil

WOS: 000227002900010, PubMed ID: 18969885, The present paper proposes a preconcentration procedure for lead determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). It is based on lead(11) ions extraction as brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) complex and its sorption onto Diaion HP-2MG, a methacrylic ester copolymer. The optimization step was carried Out using factorial design and the variables studied were pH, shaking time and reagent concentration. In the established experimental conditions, lead can be determinate with a limit of detection of 3.7 mug L-1 lead (N = 20) and a relative standard deviation of 7% for a lead concentration of 100 mug L-1. The accuracy was confirmed by analysis of a certified reference material, the stream sediment furnished by National Research Centre for Certified Reference Materials (NRCCRM), China (GBW 073 10). Effect of other ions in the procedure proposed was also Studied. The method was applied for lead determination in real samples of water, tea, soil and dust. Tests of addition/recovery in the experiments for lead determination in water samples revealed that the proposed procedure Could be applied satisfactorily for analysis of these samples. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.