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326 results on '"Stöckl A"'

1. Torque Teno Virus quantification for monitoring of immunomodulation with biologic compounds in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Author: Josef S Smolen, Daniel Aletaha, Ruediger B Mueller, Manuel Bécède, Rudolf Puchner, Michael Bonelli, Paul Studenic, Martina Olejarova, Thomas Perkmann, Dmitry Karateev, Karel Pavelka, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Carl-Walter Steiner, Martina Durechova, Michaela Loiskandl, Jutta Stieger, Gregor Bond, and E. L. Luchikhina
Subjects: Torque teno virus, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastroenterology, Abatacept, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Immunomodulation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tocilizumab, Rheumatology, Interquartile range, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Biological Products, business.industry, Immunosuppression, medicine.disease, Infliximab, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Antirheumatic Agents, Rheumatoid arthritis, Rituximab, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objectives RA patients who fail to respond to MTX can receive biologic dMARDs (bDMARDs). The Torque Teno Virus (TTV) is a potential novel candidate for monitoring of immunosuppression. We explore TTV in these patients and its association with clinical response to bDMARDs. Methods The BioBio Study is a multicentre randomized open-label trial, including RA patients with insufficient response to MTX. Patients were randomized to either TNFi (infliximab, INF), anti-IL-6 (tocilizumab, TCZ), CTLA4-Ig (abatacept, ABA) or anti-CD20 (rituximab, RTX) in addition to MTX. PCR was used to quantify TTV in the peripheral blood. Results TTV was measured in 95 patients (INF, n = 23; TCZ, n = 22; ABA, n = 27; RTX; n = 23). TTV increased by a median of 4.5 × 104 copies/ml [c/ml; interquartile range (IQR) 0–7.5 × 105] after 3 months. TTV levels at month 3 were associated with the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) (P = 0.03) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) response (P = 0.026) at month 6. A TTV cut-off level of 1.2 × 106 c/ml at month 3 had a positive likelihood ratio of 2.7 for prediction of an 85% reduction in SDAI at month 6. Conclusion Our data suggest that TTV levels increase upon TNF, CD20 and costimulation blockade and are associated with the clinical response to bDMARDs in RA patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01638715
Published: 2021
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2. Tracing The Shapes of Multimodal Rhetoric: Showing the Epistemic Powers of Visualization

Author: Hartmut Stöckl and Jana Pflaeging
Subjects: 060201 languages & linguistics, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Computer science, business.industry, Communication, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 050801 communication & media studies, Tracing, Graphic design, Visualization, Multimodality, 0508 media and communications, Typography, Human–computer interaction, 0602 languages and literature, Rhetoric, Rhetorical question, Visual communication, business, media_common
Abstract: This visual essay seeks to substantiate and illustrate the tenet that formal–structural elements in graphic design carry rhetorical functions. Based on a National Geographic feature article, the authors demonstrate methods for ‘measuring’ layout, colour and typography, and show the results in infographic visualizations. At the same time, the study showcases the epistemic value of these visualizations. The perspective adopted puts the double-page centre-stage.
Published: 2021
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3. Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen

Author: Alexander Zerrahn, Fabian Stöckl, and Wolf-Peter Schill
Subjects: Renewable energy, Physics - Physics and Society, Energy storage, General Economics (econ.GN), Hydrogen, 020209 energy, Supply chain, Science, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Energy transition, Article, FOS: Economics and business, Variable renewable energy, energy infrastructure, ddc:330, Energy infrastructure, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Liquid hydrogen, Economics - General Economics, Hydrogen production, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, energy storage, Environmental economics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, renewable energy, chemistry, 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft, Medicine, Business, 0210 nano-technology, Efficient energy use
Abstract: Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization model of the power sector and four options for supplying hydrogen at German filling stations, we find a trade-off between energy efficiency and temporal flexibility: for lower shares of renewables and hydrogen, more energy-efficient and less flexible small-scale on-site electrolysis is optimal. For higher shares of renewables and/or hydrogen, more flexible but less energy-efficient large-scale hydrogen supply chains gain importance as they allow disentangling hydrogen production from demand via storage. Liquid hydrogen emerges as particularly beneficial, followed by liquid organic hydrogen carriers and gaseous hydrogen. Large-scale hydrogen supply chains can deliver substantial power sector benefits, mainly through reduced renewable surplus generation. Energy modelers and system planners should consider the distinct flexibility characteristics of hydrogen supply chains in more detail when assessing the role of green hydrogen in future energy transition scenarios., Comment: This version includes a few minor editorial corrections and a change of the title in order to perfectly resemble the version published in Scientific Reports
Published: 2021

4. The rhetoric of multimodal communication

Author: Hartmut Stöckl and Jana Pflaeging
Subjects: Communication, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Rhetoric, Multimodal communication, Sociology, business, media_common
Published: 2021
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5. Optimized spiking neurons can classify images with high accuracy through temporal coding with two spikes

Author: Christoph Stöckl and Wolfgang Maass
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Edge device, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Throughput, Biological neuron model, 03 medical and health sciences, Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, 0302 clinical medicine, Artificial Intelligence, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, Spiking neural network, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, Artificial neural network, Contextual image classification, business.industry, Deep learning, Pattern recognition, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Human-Computer Interaction, 030104 developmental biology, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Software
Abstract: Spike-based neuromorphic hardware promises to reduce the energy consumption of image classification and other deep-learning applications, particularly on mobile phones and other edge devices. However, direct training of deep spiking neural networks is difficult, and previous methods for converting trained artificial neural networks to spiking neurons were inefficient because the neurons had to emit too many spikes. We show that a substantially more efficient conversion arises when one optimizes the spiking neuron model for that purpose, so that it not only matters for information transmission how many spikes a neuron emits, but also when it emits those spikes. This advances the accuracy that can be achieved for image classification with spiking neurons, and the resulting networks need on average just two spikes per neuron for classifying an image. In addition, our new conversion method improves latency and throughput of the resulting spiking networks. Spiking neural networks could offer a low-energy consuming solution to deep learning applications on the edge and in mobile devices. Using temporal coding, where the timing of spikes carries extra information, a new method efficiently converts conventional artificial neural networks to spiking networks.
Published: 2021
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6. Deletion of the NKG2C receptor encoding KLRC2 gene and HLA-E variants are risk factors for severe COVID-19

Author: Marianna Traugott, Alexander Zoufaly, Hannes Vietzen, Stephan W. Aberle, Judith H. Aberle, and Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, COVID-19, Human leukocyte antigen, 030105 genetics & heredity, Brief Communication, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, HLA-E, Polymorphism (computer science), Risk Factors, Intensive care, Immunology, Medicine, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Allele, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C, business, Receptor, Gene, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: Purpose Host genetic variants may contribute to severity of COVID-19. NKG2C+ NK cells are potent antiviral effector cells, potentially limiting the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infections. NKG2C is an activating NK cell receptor encoded by the KLRC2 gene, which binds to HLA-E on infected cells leading to NK cell activation. Heterozygous or homozygous KLRC2 deletion (KLRC2del) may naturally occur and is associated with a significantly lower or absent NKG2C expression level. In addition, HLA-E*0101/0103 genetic variants occur, caused by a single-nucleotide polymorphism. We therefore investigated whether the severity of COVID-19 is associated with these genetic variants. Methods We investigated the distribution of KLRC2 deletion and HLA-E*0101/0103 allelic variants in a study cohort of 361 patients with either mild (N = 92) or severe (N = 269) COVID-19. Results Especially the KLRC2del, and at a lower degree the HLA-E*0101, allele were significantly overrepresented in hospitalized patients (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.01), particularly in patients requiring intensive care (p
Published: 2021

7. Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiency after Bariatric Surgery

Author: Verena Parzer, Johanna Brix, Alexander Stöckl, Bernhard Ludvik, and Eva-Christina Krzizek
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Vitamin, Sleeve gastrectomy, medicine.medical_specialty, RC620-627, Health (social science), Micronutrient deficiency, bariatric surgery, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastric Bypass, roux-en-y-gastric bypass, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Outpatient clinic, TX341-641, Vitamin B12, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, biology, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, business.industry, Vitamin E, Middle Aged, vitamins, Micronutrient, Obesity, Morbid, Surgery, Ferritin, chemistry, micronutrients, biology.protein, Female, business, sleeve gastrectomy, Research Article
Abstract: Introduction: While vitamin deficiency after bariatric surgery has been repeatedly described, few studies have focused on adequate micronutrient status. In this study, we examine the prevalence of vitamin and micronutrient deficiency for the first 3 years after surgery. Methods: Out of 1,216 patients undergoing surgery, 485 who underwent postoperative follow-up in an outpatient clinic between 2010 and 2019 were included in this evaluation (76.9% women, mean age 42 ± 12 years, mean BMI: year 1, 33.9 ± 19.2; year 2, 29.7 ± 8.7; year 3, 26.2 ± 4.0). Weight and cardiovascular risk factors as well as ferritin, vitamin B12, folic acid, 25-OH-vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, copper, and selenium were evaluated. Deficits were defined as follows: ferritin Results: One year after bariatric surgery, 485 patients completed follow-up. This number decreased to 114 patients in year 2, and 80 patients in year 3. Overall, 42.7% (n = 207) underwent sleeve gastrectomy, 43.7% (n = 211) Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass, and 13.9% (n = 67) gastric banding. The following deficits were found (year 1/2/3): ferritin, 21.6/35.0/32.5%; vitamin B12, 14.3/1.8/6.3%; folic acid, 29.7/21.6/15.3%; 25-OH-vitamin D, 70.8/67.0/57.4%; vitamin A, 13.2/8.9/12.8%; vitamin E, 0%; zinc, 1.7/0/1.5%; copper, 10.4/12.2/11.9%; selenium, 11.1/4.3/0%. Conclusion: As seen in other studies, the follow-up frequency decreased over the years. Despite intensive substitution, the extent of some deficiencies increased or did not improve. These results suggest reinforcing measures to motivate patients for regular follow-up visits, considering closer monitoring schedules, and improving supplementation strategies.
Published: 2021
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8. Torque teno virus for risk stratification of graft rejection and infection in kidney transplant recipients—A prospective observational trial

Author: Gregor Bond, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Florentina Dermuth, Željko Kikić, Farsad Eskandary, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Martin Schiemann, Robert Strassl, Konstantin Doberer, Frederik Haupenthal, Georg A. Böhmig, and Irene Görzer
Subjects: Torque teno virus, medicine.medical_specialty, translational research/science, infectious disease, medicine.medical_treatment, kidney transplantation/nephrology, immunosuppression/immune modulation, 030230 surgery, Gastroenterology, Kidney transplant, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Biopsy, infection and infectious agents—viral, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), monitoring: immune, Transplantation, medicine.diagnostic_test, Graft rejection, business.industry, Immunosuppression, Odds ratio, Clinical Science, complication: infectious, Confidence interval, Risk stratification, biomarker, Original Article, ORIGINAL ARTICLES, rejection, business
Abstract: The nonpathogenic and ubiquitous torque teno virus (TTV) is associated with immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients. Studies in kidney transplant patients proposed TTV quantification for risk stratification of graft rejection and infection. In this prospective trial (DRKS00012335) 386 consecutive kidney transplant recipients were subjected to longitudinal per‐protocol monitoring of plasma TTV load by polymerase chain reaction for 12 months posttransplant. TTV load peaked at the end of month 3 posttransplant and reached steady state thereafter. TTV load after the end of month 3 was analyzed in the context of subsequent rejection diagnosed by indication biopsy and infection within the first year posttransplant, respectively. Each log increase in TTV load decreased the odds for rejection by 22% (odds ratio [OR] 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62‐0.97; P = .027) and increased the odds for infection by 11% (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06‐1.15; P, This trial defines an optimal plasma level range of the nonpathogenic and ubiquitous torque teno virus, which reflects the immunosuppression of its host, to minimize the risk for rejection and infection in kidney allograft recipients in the first year after transplantation. Fernández‐Ruiz comments on page 1963.
Published: 2020
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9. Torque teno viral load reflects immunosuppression in paediatric kidney-transplanted patients—a pilot study

Author: Phoebe Uhl, Michael Böhm, Klaus Arbeiter, Andreas Heilos, Krisztina Rusai, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Thomas Müller-Sacherer, Gregor Bond, Dagmar Csaicsich, Christoph Aufricht, and Elias L. Meyer
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, Torque teno virus, medicine.medical_treatment, TTV, Pilot Projects, Immunologic monitoring, 030230 surgery, Kidney, Gastroenterology, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Child, Immunosuppression Therapy, Transplantation, business.industry, Immunosuppression, Viral Load, Anellovirus, Kidney Transplantation, Paediatric kidney transplantation, Regimen, 030104 developmental biology, DNA, Viral, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Prednisolone, Original Article, business, Viral load, Immunosuppressive Agents, Biomarkers, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Chronic deterioration of kidney graft function is related to inadequate immunosuppression (IS). A novel tool to assess the individual net state of IS in transplanted patients might be the monitoring of Torque teno virus (TTV) viral load. TTV is a non-pathogen virus detectable in almost all individuals. TTV level in the peripheral blood has been linked to the immune-competence of its host and should thus reflect IS after solid organ transplantation. Methods TTV plasma load was quantified monthly by RT-PCR for a period of 1 year in 45 kidney-transplanted children. Post-transplant time was at least 3 months. The relation of the virus DNA levels to IS and transplant-specific clinical and laboratory parameters was analysed longitudinally. Results TTV DNA was detectable in 94.5% of the plasma samples. There was a significant association with the post-transplant follow-up time as well as with the type of IS regimen, with lower virus loads in patients after longer post-transplant time and mTOR inhibitor–based IS. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation with the dose of prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil was found. Conclusions TTV levels show an association/correlation with the strength of IS. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate TTV measurement as a tool for IS monitoring for hard clinical outcomes such as presence of donor-specific antibodies, rejections or infections—common consequences of insufficient or too intense IS.
Published: 2020

10. Performance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Assays in Different Stages of Infection: Comparison of Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and Rapid Tests

Author: Lukas Weseslindtner, Erich Pawelka, Alexander Zoufaly, Mario Karolyi, Marianna Traugott, Judith H. Aberle, Hannah Griebler, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, and Stephan W. Aberle
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Immunoglobulin A, Time Factors, coronavirus, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Immunoglobulin G, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Nasopharynx, antibodies, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Polymerase chain reaction, Coronavirus, Aged, 80 and over, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Brief Report, Middle Aged, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Infectious Diseases, Female, Antibody, Coronavirus Infections, Adult, Adolescent, Pneumonia, Viral, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Sensitivity and Specificity, Betacoronavirus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, AcademicSubjects/MED00860, immunoassay, Pandemics, Aged, SARS, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, Immunoglobulin M, chemistry, Immunoassay, Immunology, biology.protein, business
Abstract: We comparatively assessed sensitivities and specificities of 4 commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and 2 rapid tests in 77 patients with polymerase chain reaction–confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, grouped by interval since symptom onset. Although test sensitivities were low (80% between days 6 and 10 after symptom onset. The evaluated tests (including IgG and rapid tests) provided positive results in all patients at or after the 11th day after onset of disease. The specificities of the ELISAs were 83% (IgA), 98% (IgG), and 97% (IgM and total antibody)., Comparison of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection shows low test sensitivities within 5 days after disease onset. Immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgA test performances increase thereafter, with positivity rates of 100% during the late phase of the infection (including IgG tests).
Published: 2020
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11. National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries

Author: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), [missing], Taddei, Cristina, Jackson, Rod, Zhou, Bin, Bixby, Honor, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Hajifathalian, Kaveh, Bentham, James, Bennett, James E, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Cifkova, Renata, Dallongeville, Jean, DeBacquer, Dirk, Giampaoli, Simona, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Khang, Young-Ho, Laatikainen, Tiina, Mann, JimI, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mensah, George A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Petkeviciene, Janina, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Servais, Jennifer, Söderberg, Stefan, Stavreski, Bill, Wilsgaard, Tom, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zhao, Dong, Stevens, Gretchen A, Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Adams, Robert J, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ariansen, Inger, Arveiler, Dominique, Aspelund, Thor, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Bata, Iqbal, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bi, Yufang, Bienek, Asako, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Boehm, Bernhard O, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Bruno, Graziella, Busch, Markus A, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A, Censi, Laura, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Shuohua, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Chudek, Jerzy, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cooper, Cyrus, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cui, Liufu, D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dauchet, Luc, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Smedt, Delphine, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, DiCastelnuovo, Augusto, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Döring, Angela, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Yong, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eggertsen, Robert, Ekelund, Ulf, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrieres, Jean, Finn, Joseph D, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Frontera, Guillermo, Fujita, Yuki, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Goltzman, David, GonzalezGross, Marcela, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Grabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Guessous, Idris, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hardy, Rebecca, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Herrala, Sauli, TapaniHihtaniemi, Ilpo, Hobbs, Michael, Hopman, Wilma M, MaríaHuerta, José, Huybrechts, Inge, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ikeda, Nayu, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-lyeal, QiangJiang, Chao, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kajantie, Eero O, Kauhanen, Jussi, Keil, Ulrich, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kersting, Mathilde, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Ko, Stephanie, Kolle, Elin, Korpelainen, Raija, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Krokstad, Steinar, Kujala, Urho M, Kurjata, Pawel, HingLam, Tai, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Laugsand, Lars E, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Jing, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, EugenioLozano, José, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Machi, Suka, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Manzato, Enzo, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Metcalf, Patricia, Mi, Jie, Miller, Jody C, Moreno, Luis A, Morin, Suzanne, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Muiesan, Maria L, Mursu, Jaakko, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nauck, Matthias, MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, Eva, Neal, William A, Nenko, Ilona, Niiranen, Teemu J, Ning, Guang, Noale, Marianna, Norie, Sawada, Noto, Davide, O'Neill, Terence, O'Reilly, Dermot, Oh, Kyungwon, Olafsson, Örn, MichelPaccaud, Fred, Pajak, Andrzej, Palmieri, Luigi, Panza, Francesco, Parnell, Winsome R, Peltonen, Markku, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Pigeot, Iris, Pilotto, Lorenza, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Porta, Miquel, Price, Jacqueline F, Puder, Jardena J, Puhakka, Soile E, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Raitakari, Olli, Ramos, Rafel, Redon, Josep, Rigo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, MaríadelCristo, Romaguera, Dora, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel G R, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Rutkowski, Marcin, Salanave, Benoit, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sans, Susana, Saramies, Jouko L, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Scheidt-Nave, Christa, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Sebert, Sylvain, Sen, Abhijit, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shibuya, Kenji, WookShin, Dong, Shiri, Rahman, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soumare, Aicha, Staessen, Jan A, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, JooTan, Eng, Taylor, Anne, Tell, Grethe, Thijs, Lutgarde, Tolonen, HannaK, Topór-Madry, Roman, JoséTormo, María, Torrent, Maties, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tzourio, Christophe, Uusitalo, Hannu M T, Van Herck, Koen, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Vatten, Lars, Vega, Tomas, Veronesi, Giovanni, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, JyrkiK, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wagner, Aline, Wagner, Anne, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Qian, XingWang, Ya, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wei, Wenbin, Whincup, Peter H, Wiecek, Andrzej, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong, Andrew, Woodward, Mark, GiwercmanWu, Aleksander, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yan, Weili, Yang, Xiaoguang, Ye, Xingwang, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Zambon, Sabina, Zhao, Wenhua, Imperial College London, University of Auckland [Auckland], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], University of Kent [Canterbury], Mahidol University [Bangkok], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Icelandic Heart Association [Kopavogur, Iceland] (IHA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Umeå University, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Medical University of Gdańsk, Capital University of Medical Sciences [Beijing] (CUMS), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), University of Adelaide, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Norwegian School of Sport Sciences = Norges idrettshøgskole [Oslo] (NIH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Oulu, Regional Authority of Public Health [Slovaquia] (RAPH), Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic [Slovaquia], Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Dalhousie University [Halifax], The University of Sydney, Public Health Agency of Canada, University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Turin, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Faculté de Médecine [Rangueil], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Silesia in Katowice, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Southampton, Biomolécules et inflammation pulmonaire, Service d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], University of Queensland [Brisbane], IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Manchester [Manchester], Kindai University, Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bergen (UiB), Tulane University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Niigata University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), University of Eastern Finland, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere [Finland], West Virginia University [Morgantown], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Peking University [Shenzhen], The Jikei University School of Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AUSTRALIA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Edinburgh, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology [Warsaw] (IIMCB), Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of Turku, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Department of Emergency and Cardiovascular Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Epidemiology, Health Economics and Public Health, UMR 558 INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (USEN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain, parent, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Institute for plasma research, Institute for Plasma Research, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Applied Food Science, Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology [Louvain, Belgique], Studies Coordinating Centre [Louvain, Belgique], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), National Cancer Center, University of Kuopio, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Tampere University, Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández [Elche] (UMH), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Epidemiologia Ambiental, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)-Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) of Pamplona-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, The Georges Institute for International Health, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A), UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, HUS Children and Adolescents, Department of Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Taddei, C, Zhou, B, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Di Cesare, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Bennett, JE, Aekplakorn, W, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, DeBacquer, D, Giampaoli, S, Gudnason, V, Khang, Y-O, Laatikainen, T, Mann, JI, Marques-Vidal, P, Mensah, GA, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Ninomiya, T, Petkeviciene, J, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, Servais, J, Söderberg, S, Stavreski, B, Wilsgaard, T, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, D, Stevens, GA, Savin, S, Cowan, Mj, Riley, LM, Ezzati, M, Adams, R, Ahrens, W, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Anderssen, SA, Ariansen, I, Arveiler, D, Aspelund, T, Auvinen, A, Avdicová, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas. JR, Barbagallo, CM, Bata, I, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Bennet, JE, Bernotiene, G, Bi, Y, Bienek, A, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Borchini, R, Borghs, H, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Bruno, G, Busch, MA, CabreradeLeón, A, Capuano, V, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Censi, L, Chen, F, Chen, S, Chirlaque, M-D, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cooper, C, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell C, Crujeiras, AB, Cui, L, D'Arrigo, G, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Dennison, E, Desschamps, V, Di Castelnuovo, A, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, Elousa, R, Eriksson, JG, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Frontera, G, Fujita, Y, Gaciong, Z, Galvano, F, Gao, J, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasul, L, Gates, L, Gianfagna, F, Gill, TK, Giovannelli, J, Goltzman, D, GonzalezGross, M, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guallar-Castillón, P, Gudmundsson, EF, Guessous, I, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gutzwiller, F, Hardy, R, Hata, J, Haugsgjerd, T, Hayes, AJ, He, H, He, Y, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, IP, Hobbs, M, Hopman, WM, Huerta, JM, Huybrechts, I, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ikeda, N, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, R, Jamrozi, K, Janszky, I, Jarvelin, M-R, Jasienska, G, Jennings, G, Jeong, S-L, Jiang, CQ, Joffres, M, Jokelainen, JJ, Jonas, JB, Jóźwiak, J, Kajantie, EO, Kauhanen, K, Keil, U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kersting, M, Khang, Y-H, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kim, Y-Y, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Ko, S, Kolle, E, Korpelainen, R, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kratzer, W, Kriemler, S, Krokstad, S, Kujala,UM, Kurjata, P, Lam, TH, Lanska, V, Lappas , G, Laugsand, LE, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Li, Y, Lilly, C, Lin, X, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, J, Lopez-Garcia, E, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lundqvist, R, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Manzato, E, Mathiesen, EB, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, Meirhaeghe, A, Metcalf, P, Mi, JM, Miller, JC, Moreno, LA, Morin, S, Mossakowska, M, Muiesan, ML, Mursu, J, Nakamura, H, Námešná, J, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Niiranen, T, Ning, G, Noale, M, Norie, S, Noto, Davide, O’Neill, T, O'Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olafsson, O, Paccaud, F, Pajak, A, Palmieri, L, Panza, F, Parnell, WR, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Petersmann, A, P Pigeot, I, Pilotto, L, Piwonska, A, Pedro Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Price, JF, Puder, JJ, Puhakka, SE, Radisauskas, R, Raitakari, O, Ramos, R, Redon, J, Rigo, F, Rodriguez-Perez, MdC, Romaguera, D, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Roy, JGR, Ruidavets, JB, Rutkowski, M, Salanave, B, Salmeron, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sans, S, Saramies, JL, Saum, K-U, Scheidt-Nave, C, Schienkiewitz, A, Schipf, S, Schmidt, CO, Schottker, B, Sebert S, Sen, A, Shaw, JE, Shibuya, K, Shin, DO, Shiri, R, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Stathopoulou, MG, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stieber, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Sundström, J, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Tamosiunas, A, Tan, E, Taylor, A, Tell, G, Thijs, L, Tolonen, HK, Topór-Madry, R, Tormo, MJ, Torrent, M, Tsugane, S, Tuomainen, T-P, Tuomilehto, J, Tzourio, C, Uusitalo, HMT, Van Herck, K, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vatten, L, Vega, T, Veronesi, G, Vioque, P, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrijheid, M, Wagner, A, Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wei, W, Whincup, PH, Wiecek, A, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, A, Woodward, M, Wu, FC, JianFeng Wu, JF, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Xu, L, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yoshihara, A, Zambon, S, Zhao, W, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Jackson, R., Zhou, B., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Bennett, J.E., Aekplakorn, W., Cifkova, R., Dallongeville, J., DeBacquer, D., Giampaoli, S., Gudnason, V., Khang, Y.H., Laatikainen, T., Mann, J., Marques-Vidal, P., Mensah, G.A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Ninomiya, T., Petkeviciene, J., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Servais, J., Söderberg, S., Stavreski, B., Wilsgaard, T., Zdrojewski, T., Zhao, D., Stevens, G.A., Savin, S., Cowan, M.J., Riley, L.M., Ezzati, M., Adams, R.J., Ahrens, W., Amouyel, P., Amuzu, A., Anderssen, S.A., Ariansen, I., Arveiler, D., Aspelund, T., Auvinen, J., Avdicová, M., Banach, M., Bandosz, P., Banegas, J.R., Barbagallo, C.M., Bata, I., Baur, L.A., Beaglehole, R., Bernotiene, G., Bi, Y., Bienek, A., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Boehm, B.O., Bonaccio, M., Bongard, V., Borchini, R., Borghs, H., Breckenkamp, J., Brenner, H., Bruno, G., Busch, M.A., Cabrera de León, A., Capuano, V., Casanueva, F.F., Casas, J.P., Caserta, C.A., Censi, L., Chen, F., Chen, S., Chirlaque, M.D., Cho, B., Cho, Y., Chudek, J., Claessens, F., Clarke, J., Clays, E., Cooper, C., Costanzo, S., Cottel, D., Cowell, C., Crujeiras, A.B., Cui, L., D'Arrigo, G., Dauchet, L., De Backer, G., De Bacquer, D., de Gaetano, G., De Henauw, S., De Smedt, D., Dennison, E., Deschamps, V., DiCastelnuovo, A., Dobson, A.J., Donfrancesco, C., Döring, A., Drygas, W., Du, Y., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E., Eggertsen, R., Ekelund, U., Elosua, R., Eriksson, J.G., Evans, A., Faeh, D., Felix-Redondo, F.J., Fernández-Bergés, D., Ferrari, M., Ferrieres, J., Finn, J.D., Forslund, A.S., Forsner, M., Frontera, G., Fujita, Y., Gaciong, Z., Galvano, F., Gao, J., Garcia-de-la-Hera, M., Garnett, S.P., Gaspoz, J.M., Gasull, M., Gates, L., Gianfagna, F., Gill, T.K., Giovannelli, J., Goltzman, D., GonzalezGross, M., Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S., Grafnetter, D., Gregor, R.D., Grodzicki, T., Grosso, G., Gruden, G., Gu, D., Guallar-Castillón, P., Gudmundsson, E.F., Guessous, I., Gunnlaugsdottir, J., Gutzwiller, F., Hardy, R., Hata, J., Haugsgjerd, T., Hayes, A.J., He, J., He, Y., Herrala, S., TapaniHihtaniemi, I., Hobbs, M., Hopman, W.M., MaríaHuerta, J., Huybrechts, I., Iacoviello, L., Iannone, A.G., Ikeda, N., Iwasaki, M., Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I., Jarvelin, M.R., Jasienska, G., Jennings, G., Jeong, S.L., QiangJiang, C., Joffres, M., Jokelainen, J.J., Jonas, J.B., Jóźwiak, J., Kajantie, E.O., Kauhanen, J., Keil, U., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kersting, M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U., Kiechl, S., Kim, J., Kim, Y.Y., Klumbiene, J., Knoflach, M., Ko, S., Kolle, E., Korpelainen, R., Koskinen, S., Kouda, K., Kratzer, W., Kriemler, S., Krokstad, S., Kujala, U.M., Kurjata, P., HingLam, T., Lanska, V., Lappas, G., Laugsand, L.E., Lee, J., Lehtimäki, T., Li, Y., Lilly, C.L., Lin, X., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Liu, J., Lopez-Garcia, E., Lorbeer, R., EugenioLozano, J., Luksiene, D., Lundqvist, A., Lundqvist, R., Lytsy, P., Ma, G., Machi, S., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Manzato, E., Mathiesen, E.B., McLachlan, S., McLean, R.M., McLean, S.B., Meirhaeghe, A., Meisinger, C., Metcalf, P., Mi, J., Miller, J.C., Moreno, L.A., Morin, S., Mossakowska, M., Muiesan, M.L., Mursu, J., Nakamura, H., Námešná, J., Nauck, M., MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, E., Neal, W.A., Nenko, I., Niiranen, T.J., Ning, G., Noale, M., Norie, S., Noto, D., O'Neill, T., O'Reilly, D., Oh, K., Olafsson, Ö., MichelPaccaud, F., Pajak, A., Palmieri, L., Panza, F., Parnell, W.R., Peltonen, M., Peters, A., Petersmann, A., Pigeot, I., Pilotto, L., Piwonska, A., Plans-Rubió, P., Porta, M., Price, J.F., Puder, J.J., Puhakka, S.E., Radisauskas, R., Raitakari, O., Ramos, R., Redon, J., Rigo, F., Rodriguez-Perez, M., Romaguera, D., Ronkainen, K., Rosengren, A., Ruidavets, J.B., Rutkowski, M., Salanave, B., Salmerón, D., Salomaa, V., Salonen, J.T., Salvetti, M., Sans, S., Saramies, J.L., Saum, K.U., Scheidt-Nave, C., Schienkiewitz, A., Schipf, S., Schmidt, C.O., Schöttker, B., Sebert, S., Sen, A., Shaw, J.E., Shibuya, K., WookShin, D., Shiri, R., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjöström, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Stathopoulou, M.G., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stieber, J., Stöckl, D., Stokwiszewski, J., Sundström, J., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Tamosiunas, A., JooTan, E., Taylor, A., Tell, G., Thijs, L., Tolonen, H., Topór-Madry, R., JoséTormo, M., Torrent, M., Tsugane, S., Tuomainen, T.P., Tuomilehto, J., Tzourio, C., Van Herck, K., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vatten, L., Vega, T., Veronesi, G., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J., Visvikis-Siest, S., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wagner, A., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., XingWang, Y., Wannamethee, S.G., Wei, W., Whincup, P.H., Wiecek, A., Willeit, J., Willeit, P., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, A., Woodward, M., GiwercmanWu, A., Wu, F.C., Wu, S., Xu, H., Xu, L., Yan, W., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yoshihara, A., Zambon, S., Zhao, W., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Kyushu University, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Service Epidémiologie clinique et santé publique [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene [Poland], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, University of Helsinki, National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and University of Helsinki, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
Subjects: Male, gupo de ascendencia continental asiática, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Total Cholesterol, Ldl Cholesterol, Hdl Cholesterol, Blood Lipids, Multi-country Study, Epidemiology, kolesteroli, humanos, Blood lipids, BLOOD-PRESSURE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, triglicéridos, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, High-density lipoprotein, HDL cholesterol, Medicine and Health Sciences, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, mediana edad, lípidos, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, 2. Zero hunger, anciano, education.field_of_study, Age Factors, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, colesterol, adulto, kansainvälinen vertailu, Lipids, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Europe, Cholesterol, Population Surveillance, LDL cholesterol, SERUM-LIPIDS, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Canada, Total cholesterol, blood lipids, multi-country study, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Medicina, European Continental Ancestry Group, Population, Nursing, HDL-kolesteroli, White People, DIETARY-FAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Asian People, kansanterveys, vigilancia de la población, Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, ddc:610, LDL-kolesteroli, education, Triglycerides, METAANALYSIS, Aged, INDIVIDUAL DATA, Science & Technology, business.industry, Omvårdnad, blood lipid, Cholesterol, HDL, Ecological study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Cholesterol, LDL, United States, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Cholesterol/blood, Lipids/blood, Population Surveillance/methods, Triglycerides/blood, chemistry, WORLDWIDE TRENDS, Multi-country study, grupo de ascendencia continental europea, business, HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Demography, Lipoprotein
Abstract: Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo, Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol., This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z). R.C. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A)
Published: 2020
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12. Therapie des Diabetes mellitus in der perioperativen Medizin: ein Update

Author: A. Stöckl, B. Rupprecht, C. Dietrich, and S. Stöckl
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, business.industry, medicine, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, business
Abstract: Diabetespatienten, die sich einem operativen Eingriff unterziehen, haben ein erhohtes Risiko fur metabolische Entgleisungen, anasthesiologische Komplikationen, postoperative Infektionen und kardiovaskulare Ereignisse. Die Therapie des Diabetes mellitus unterliegt der standigen Weiterentwicklung durch medikamentose und technische Neuerungen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Implikationen der aktuellen Konzepte der Diabetestherapie fur die perioperative Medizin dar, insbesondere die Veranderungen durch neue orale Antidiabetika und die Insulinpumpentherapie. Einige momentan verfugbare Leitlinien werden in Bezug auf die Betreuung von Diabetespatienten im Kindes- und im Erwachsenenalter rund um eine Operation diskutiert. Abschliesend wird auf mogliche Perspektiven im Bereich der Uberwachung und Therapie von Diabetespatienten eingegangen.
Published: 2021

13. Pixel Surgery and the Doctored Image

Author: Hartmut Stöckl
Subjects: Pixel, Computer science, business.industry, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, Image (mathematics)
Published: 2021
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14. A look at the precision, sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assays through a dedicated external quality assessment round

Author: Christoph Buchta, Wolfgang Huf, Stephan W. Aberle, Andrea Griesmacher, Mathias Müller, Jovana Jovanovic, Irene Görzer, Ulla Radler, Bernhard Benka, Jeremy V. Camp, and Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, COVID-19, General Medicine, Sensitivity and Specificity, Virology, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing, External quality assessment, Humans, RNA, Viral, Medicine, Sensitivity (control systems), business
Published: 2021
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15. Fully human glyco-optimized recombinant FSH (follitropin epsilon) – a randomized, comparator-controlled phase II clinical trial

Author: Kelvin Eckert, Bruno Dietrich, Georg Griesinger, Steffen Goletz, Lars Stöckl, and Andreas Tandler-Schneider
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Agonist, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Follitropin, Context (language use), Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ovarian Follicle, Ovulation Induction, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Inhibins, Progesterone, Ivf treatment, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Estradiol, business.industry, Standard treatment, Ovary, Dose-finding, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recombinant Proteins, Clinical trial, Recombinant fsh, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine, Follitropin epsilon, Female, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human, Ovarian stimulation, business, Human glyco-optimized recombinant FSH, Recombinant FSH, Developmental Biology, Hormone
Abstract: Research question The study aimed to determine the standard treatment dose of follitropin epsilon for ovarian stimulation in the context of IVF treatment. Design A total of 247 women aged 18-37 years were treated with either 52.5, 75, 112.5 or 150 IU follitropin epsilon daily, or 150 IU every other day, or 150 IU follitropin alfa daily in a long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocol. The study was performed as a randomized, assessor-blinded, comparator-controlled, six-armed phase II trial in eight fertility clinics in two European countries. Results The primary results were as follow. First, none of the doses of follitropin epsilon showed superiority for the main outcome measure, i.e. number of follicles ≥12 mm in size. Follitropin epsilon 75 IU produced results most similar to those of follitropin alfa 150 IU. In terms of secondary results, stronger effects of follitropin epsilon 112.5 IU compared with follitropin alfa 150 IU were seen for secondary outcome measures such as hormone concentrations (oestradiol, inhibin B and progesterone) and oocyte number. Conclusions Follitropin epsilon 75 IU daily results in a similar ovarian response to a standard dose of 150 IU follitropin alfa. This dose could be tested in a phase III trial.
Published: 2020
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16. Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender Equity (IMAGE): Women’s Engagement with the Scaled-up IMAGE Programme and Experience of Intimate Partner Violence in Rural South Africa

Author: M Molebatsi, Charlotte Watts, Louise Knight, Lufuno Muvhango, Heidi Stöckl, Meghna Ranganathan, Shelley Lees, Tanya Abramsky, and T Polzer-Ngwato
Subjects: Adult, Counseling, Rural Population, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Scaled-up intervention, Intimate Partner Violence, Article, South Africa, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Financial Support, Humans, Gender training, 030212 general & internal medicine, Loan groups, 10. No inequality, Psychological abuse, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, 030505 public health, business.industry, Public health, 1. No poverty, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Attendance, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Microfinance plus, Health psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Sexual Partners, Intimate partner violence prevention, Domestic violence, Female, 0305 other medical science, business, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract: The Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender Equity (IMAGE) programme has been scaled up to three provinces in South Africa. This paper explores associations between women’s engagement in the intervention, intimate partner violence (IPV) and factors associated with IPV and partner abuse. We enrolled women receiving group-based microfinance loans plus gender training into the scaled-up IMAGE cohort study (n = 860). We present cross-sectional analysis on participants’ characteristics and intervention engagement and use multivariate logistic regression to explore associations. 17% of women reported lifetime (95% CI 15 to 20%) and 7% past year (95% CI 5 to 9%) IPV, 9% past-year economic (95% CI 7 to 11%) and 11% past-year emotional (95% CI 9 to 14%) abuse. Women under 35 years had higher levels of IPV and emotional abuse. 53% of women attended all the trainings, 83% continuously borrowed and 98% agreed the training had a major impact on their life. Attendance was associated with improved partner relationships (χ2p < 0.001), but not lower IPV risk. Odds of past-year IPV decreased the more types of support (e.g. advice) women received from group members (aOR 0.27, p < 0.001 among those reporting all support versus none or some). A similar pattern was seen for economic, but not emotional, abuse. The scaled-up IMAGE intervention is widely acceptable and may support improvements in partner relationships, but younger women need to be targeted. Group support appears to be a potentially important component of the intervention.
Published: 2019
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17. Hemostatic abnormalities in adult patients with Marfan syndrome

Author: Christian Meierhofer, Philipp von Hundelshausen, Michael Hauser, Nicole Nagdyman, Claudia Pujol, Martin Halle, Harald Kaemmerer, Katharina T I Kornhuber, Peter Ewert, Axel Pressler, Heide Seidel, Rhoia Neidenbach, Alexander Stöckl, Franz Röschenthaler, and Stefan Holdenrieder
Subjects: Marfan syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Adult patients, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Blood flow, medicine.disease, Coagulation, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, Internal medicine, Ectasia, Hemostasis, medicine, Cardiology, Original Article, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Aortic root ectasia might induce hemostatic disorders in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) via altered blood flow and rheology. The aim of this study was to explore the hemostasis in patients with MFS compared with healthy controls. METHODS: In this cross-sectional case-control study we included patients with verified MFS (n=51) and sex- and age-matched healthy controls (n=50). Main criteria were the aortic root in echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the coagulation status. RESULTS: When compared with healthy controls, patients with MFS showed significantly increased diameters of the aortic roots (43.0±7.72 vs. 28.8±3.74 mm, P
Published: 2019
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18. Effectiveness and Impact on Adherence of a New Fixed-Dose Combination of Ivabradine and Metoprolol in a Wide Range of Stable Angina Patients in Real-Life Practice

Author: Dimitar Divchev, Georg Stöckl, and the study investigators
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Stable angina, lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, medicine.drug_class, Fixed-dose combination, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Clinical practice, Coronary artery disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Observational study, Medicine, Ivabradine, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Beta-blocker, Heart rate reduction, Beta blocker, Metoprolol, Original Research, business.industry, Canadian Cardiovascular Society, medicine.disease, Antianginal combination therapy, Tolerability, Adherence, lcsh:RC666-701, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Introduction The antianginal effectiveness of ivabradine administration in addition to beta-blockers has been shown in patients with stable angina. The first fixed-dose combination (FDC) of ivabradine and metoprolol is now available and its evaluation in various stable angina patient populations relevant to clinical practice would be useful. Methods In this 4-month, prospective, multicenter, observational study, the effectiveness and tolerability of the metoprolol/ivabradine FDC was assessed in patient subgroups specified according to age, coronary artery disease (CAD) duration, Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class, co-morbidities, and previous myocardial infarction (MI) or revascularization. Heart rate (HR), angina attack frequency, short-acting nitrate (SAN) consumption, functional status, and medication adherence were documented at baseline and after 4 months of follow-up. Results A total of 747 stable angina patients were included and divided into subgroups. At 4 months, a significant decrease in HR, angina attack frequency, and SAN consumption per week was consistently observed across all patient subgroups. The proportion of CCS class I patients increased significantly from baseline to month 4. In all patient subgroups, at 4 months, a significant increase was observed in the proportion of patients with self-reported complete adherence. Complete adherence at the final visit was found to decrease with an increasing number of medications. Physicians evaluated the effectiveness and tolerability of the FDC as ‘very good’ and ‘good’ for more than 96% of patients in all analyzed patient subgroups. Conclusions Treatment with metoprolol/ivabradine FDC significantly improved angina symptoms and adherence, with an excellent tolerability profile, in stable angina patient subgroups relevant to real-life clinical practice, regardless of age, CAD duration, CCS class, comorbidities, previous MI, or history of revascularization. Trial registration ISRCTN51906157. Funding This study was sponsored by Servier Deutschland GmbH. Editorial assistance and the Rapid Service Fee were funded by Servier, France. Plain Language Summary Plain language summary available for this article.
Published: 2019
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19. Women’s income and risk of intimate partner violence: secondary findings from the MAISHA cluster randomised trial in North-Western Tanzania

Author: Shelley Lees, Tanya Abramsky, Gerry Mshana, Saidi Kapiga, Imma Kapinga, Heidi Stöckl, Sheila Harvey, and Meghna Ranganathan
Subjects: Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, education, Psychological intervention, Poison control, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Suicide prevention, behavioral disciplines and activities, Tanzania, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, Risk Factors, Economic abuse, Injury prevention, mental disorders, Medicine, Humans, Women, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, Empowerment, media_common, Poverty, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 1. No poverty, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, social sciences, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Intimate partner violence, Cross-Sectional Studies, Economic empowerment, Africa, Income, Domestic violence, Female, business, Demography, Research Article
Abstract: Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is pervasive throughout the world, with profound consequences for women’s health. While women’s ‘economic empowerment’ is touted as a potential means to reduce IPV, evidence is mixed as to the role of different economic factors in determining women’s risk. This paper explores associations and potential pathways between women’s income and experience of IPV, in Mwanza city, Tanzania. Methods We use data from married/cohabiting women (N = 740) enrolled in the MAISHA study, a cluster randomised trial of an IPV prevention intervention. Women were interviewed at baseline and 29-months later. We use logistic regression to model cross-sectional (baseline) and longitudinal associations between: a woman’s monthly income (quartiles) and her past year risk of physical IPV, sexual IPV and economic abuse; and a woman’s relative financial contribution to the household (same/less than partner; more than partner) and past year physical IPV and sexual IPV. Results At baseline, 96% of respondents reported earning an income and 28% contributed more financially to the household than their partner did. Higher income was associated with lower past-year physical IPV risk at baseline and longitudinally, and lower sexual IPV at baseline only. No clear associations were seen between income and economic abuse. Higher relative financial contribution was associated with increased physical IPV and sexual IPV among all women at baseline, though only among control women longitudinally. Higher income was associated with several potential pathways to reduced IPV, including reduced household hardship, fewer arguments over the partner’s inability to provide for the family, improved relationship dynamics, and increased relationship dissolution. Those contributing more than their partner tended to come from more disadvantaged households, argue more over their partner’s inability to provide, and have worse relationship dynamics. Conclusions While women’s income was protective against IPV, women who contributed more financially than their partners had greater IPV risk. Poverty and tensions over men’s inability to provide emerge as potentially important drivers of this association. Interventions to empower women should not only broaden women’s access to economic resources and opportunities, but also work with women and men to address men’s livelihoods, male gender roles and masculinity norms. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02592252, registered retrospectively (13/08/2015). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7454-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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20. Electrochemical Characterization and Performance Assessment of SOC Stacks in Electrolysis Mode

Author: Vanja Subotić, Michael Preininger, Bernhard Stöckl, Christoph Hochenauer, and Richard Schauperl
Subjects: Electrolysis, Materials science, law, business.industry, Mode (statistics), Optoelectronics, business, Electrochemistry, law.invention, Characterization (materials science)
Published: 2019
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21. Association of Severe Influenza Virus Infections With CD226 (DNAM-1) Variants

Author: Monika Redlberger-Fritz, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, and Hannes Vietzen
Subjects: Adult, Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Adolescent, CD226, Orthomyxoviridae, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, Virus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Intensive care, Influenza, Human, Outpatients, Severity of illness, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, Allele, Child, Alleles, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, biology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, dNaM, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Hospitalization, Killer Cells, Natural, Intensive Care Units, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Immunology, Female, business
Abstract: Natural killer (NK)-cell response against influenza viruses partly depends on expression of CD112, a ligand for NK-cell receptor CD226 (DNAM-1). We analyzed whether particular CD226 variants were associated with influenza disease severity. Comparison between 145 patients hospitalized with severe influenza at intensive care units (ICU) with 139 matched influenza-positive outpatients showed that presence of the rs763362 G allele (GG, AG) was associated with occurrence of severe influenza infections (P = .0076). Also, a higher frequency of rs727088 G and rs763361 T alleles was observed in the ICU group. Thus, CD226 variants may contribute to the severity of influenza virus disease.
Published: 2019
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22. Insulintherapie bei Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus (Update 2019)

Author: Peter Fasching, Hermann Toplak, Bernhard Föger, Michael Roden, Susanne Kaser, Christoph H. Saely, Heidemarie Abrahamian, Anton Luger, G. Schernthaner, Thomas R. Pieber, Raimund Weitgasser, Claudia Francesconi, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Harald Sourij, Heinz Drexel, Bernhard Paulweber, Lars Stechemesser, Birgit Rami-Merhar, Michaela Riedl, Christian Schelkshorn, Monika Lechleitner, Johanna Brix, Helmut Brath, Sabine E. Hofer, Thomas C. Wascher, R. Prager, Martin Clodi, Michael Resl, Harald Stingl, Joakim Huber, Friedrich Hoppichler, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Julia K. Mader, Bernhard Ludvik, Jürgen Harreiter, Sandra Zlamal-Fortunat, and Elke Fröhlich-Reiterer
Subjects: Gynecology, Thesaurus (information retrieval), medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract: Die vorliegende Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Indikation und praktische Umsetzung der Insulintherapie bei Typ 2 Diabetes, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf die unterschiedlichen Formen der Insulintherapie.
Published: 2019
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23. Antihyperglykämische Therapie bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 (Update 2019)

Author: Birgit Rami-Merhar, Michaela Riedl, Sandra Zlamal-Fortunat, Harald Sourij, Julia K. Mader, Joakim Huber, Peter Fasching, Sabine E. Hofer, Helmut Brath, Hermann Toplak, Johanna Brix, Michael Resl, Bernhard Föger, Michael Roden, Raimund Weitgasser, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, G. Schernthaner, Harald Stingl, Susanne Kaser, Christoph H. Saely, Lars Stechemesser, Friedrich Hoppichler, Thomas C. Wascher, Christian Schelkshorn, Jürgen Harreiter, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Bernhard Ludvik, Thomas R. Pieber, Heidemarie Abrahamian, Monika Lechleitner, R. Prager, Martin Clodi, Anton Luger, Elke Fröhlich-Reiterer, Claudia Francesconi, Heinz Drexel, and Bernhard Paulweber
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health professionals, business.industry, General Medicine, Guideline, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Diabetes mellitus, Lifestyle intervention, medicine, In patient, Disease prevention, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, business, Glycemic
Abstract: Hyperglycemia significantly contributes to complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. While lifestyle interventions remain cornerstones of disease prevention and treatment, most patients with type 2 diabetes will eventually require pharmacotherapy for glycemic control. The definition of individual targets regarding optimal therapeutic efficacy and safety as well as cardiovascular effects is of great importance. In this guideline we present the most current evidence-based best clinical practice data for healthcare professionals.
Published: 2019
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24. Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) (Update 2019)

Author: Jürgen Harreiter, Dagmar Bancher-Todesca, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Monika Lechleitner, Raimund Weitgasser, Andreas Repa, Angelika Berger, and Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, business
Abstract: Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) wird als Glukosetoleranzstorung definiert, die erstmals in der Schwangerschaft entdeckt wird. GDM ist mit einer erhohten fetomaternalen Morbiditat sowie Langzeitkomplikationen bei Mutter und Kind assoziiert. Frauen, die die Kriterien eines manifesten Diabetes bereits in der Fruhschwangerschaft erfullen (Nuchternplasmaglukose >126 mg/dl, Spontanglukosemessung uber 200 mg/dl oder HbA1c > 6,5 % vor der 20. Schwangerschaftswoche), sollen als Schwangere mit manifestem Diabetes klassifiziert und ebenso behandelt werden. Ein Screening auf unerkannten Typ-2-Diabetes bei der ersten pranatalen Kontrolle wird besonders bei Frauen mit hohem Risiko (Anamnese eines GDM oder Pradiabetes; Fehlbildungen, Totgeburt, wiederholte Aborte oder Geburtsgewicht uber 4500 g in fruheren Schwangerschaften; Adipositas, metabolisches Syndrom, Alter uber 35 Jahre, bei Gefaserkrankungen, Auftreten von Diabetessymptomen wie Glukosurie, ethnische Zugehorigkeit zu Gruppen mit hohem Risiko [arabisch, S‑ und SO-Asien, Lateinamerika]) empfohlen (Evidenzklasse B). GDM wird durch einen oralen Glukosetoleranztest (OGTT) oder durch Nuchternplasmaglukosekonzentrationen uber 92 mg/dl diagnostiziert. Bei hohem Risiko kann ein OGTT (120 min; 75 g Glukose) bereits im ersten Trimenon sinnvoll sein, ist aber in jedem Fall bei allen Schwangeren mit bis dahin unauffalligen Glukosewerten zwischen der 24. und 28. Schwangerschaftswoche vorgeschrieben (Evidenzklasse B). Auf Basis der „Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study“ und nach den aktuellen WHO-Empfehlungen liegt ein GDM vor, wenn der Nuchternplasmaglukosewert 92 mg/dl, der 1‑Stunden-Wert 180 mg/dl oder der 2‑Stunden-Wert 153 mg/dl uberschreiten (OGTT; Internationale Konsensuskriterien). Ein einziger erhohter Wert ist fur die Diagnose ausreichend und bedarf bereits einer strikten Stoffwechselkontrolle. Nach bariatrischer Operation wird aufgrund der Gefahr einer postprandialen Hypoglykamie die Durchfuhrung eines OGTT nicht empfohlen. Alle Frauen mit GDM erhalten eine Ernahrungsberatung und mussen ihre Blutzuckerwerte regelmasig kontrollieren. Ebenso sollte, falls nicht kontraindiziert, die korperliche Aktivitat erhoht werden. Falls die Blutzuckerspiegel nicht im Therapiebereich liegen (nuchtern
Published: 2019
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25. Gravidität bei vorbestehendem Diabetes (Update 2019)

Author: Monika Lechleitner, Raimund Weitgasser, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, and Jürgen Harreiter
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Diabetes in pregnancy, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Clinical Practice, Perinatal morbidity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetic Embryopathy, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Pre-Gestational Diabetes
Abstract: Bereits vor 30 Jahren forderte die St. Vincent Deklaration, dass Schwangere mit vorbestehendem Diabetes mellitus vergleichbare Schwangerschaftsergebnisse wie gesunde Frauen erreichen sollen. Dennoch bestehen bei Frauen mit konzeptionell manifestem Diabetes nach wie vor hohere Komplikationsraten und eine hohere perinatale Morbiditat und Mortalitat. Eine fehlende oder zumindest unzureichende Schwangerschaftsplanung und prakonzeptionelle Betreuung mit Optimierung der Stoffwechsellage vor Konzeption sind dafur verantwortlich. Alle Frauen mit Diabetes sollen im Selbstmanagement der Insulintherapie mit Anpassungen der Insulindosis geschult sein und eine stabile Stoffwechsellage vor Schwangerschaftsbeginn aufweisen. Eine Schilddrusendysfunktion, Hypertonie oder diabetische Komplikationen vor der Konzeption sollten ausgeschlossen bzw. adaquat behandelt sein, um das Risiko einer moglichen Progression der Komplikationen und Begleiterkrankungen sowie insgesamt mutterliche und fetale Risiken zu minimieren. Ein Ziel der mutterlichen Stoffwechselkontrolle ist das Erreichen von Normoglykamie und normalen HbA1c-Werten, falls dies ohne Risiko fur Hypoglykamien moglich ist, da eine schlechte Blutzuckereinstellung mit diabetischer Embryopathie und diabetischer Fetopathie assoziiert ist. Das Hypoglykamierisiko ist speziell bei Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus in der Fruhschwangerschaft deutlich erhoht, nimmt aber mit den hormonellen Veranderungen und der Zunahme der Insulinresistenz im Schwangerschaftsverlauf deutlich ab. Eine weltweit steigende Adipositaspravalenz fuhrt zusatzlich zu einem Anstieg von Muttern mit Typ 2 Diabetes. Dieser Trend ist auch bei Frauen mit Typ 1 Diabetes zu beobachten und aggraviert die Metabolik und die perinatalen Ergebnisse. Eine funktionelle, intensivierte Insulintherapie mit multiplen taglichen Insulininjektionen oder eine Insulinpumpentherapie tragen zum Erreichen einer guten mutterlichen Stoffwechselkontrolle wahrend der Schwangerschaft bei. Orale Antidiabetika (Metformin) konnen vor allem bei Typ 2 Diabetes und Adipositas helfen die Insulinsensitivitat zu verbessern, sollten jedoch aufgrund der Plazentagangigkeit und ungewissen Langzeitergebnissen bei den Nachkommen mit Bedacht verordnet werden.
Published: 2019
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26. Diagnostik und Therapie des Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus (Update 2019)

Author: Susanne Kaser, G. Schernthaner, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Bernhard Ludvik, Raimund Weitgasser, Martin Clodi, Thomas C. Wascher, Peter Fasching, Friedrich Hoppichler, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Monika Lechleitner, R. Prager, and Michael Roden
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract: Die Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Diagnostik, einschlieslich begleitender Autoimmunerkrankungen, bei Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus, die Insulintherapie und die glykamischen Zielwerte.
Published: 2019
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27. Zusammenfassung der Überarbeitungen 2019

Author: Martin Clodi, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, and Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, medicine, General Medicine, business
Published: 2019
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28. Diabetes mellitus, koronare Herzkrankheit und Herzinsuffizienz (Update 2019)

Author: Friedrich Hoppichler, Martin Clodi, Thomas C. Wascher, Clemens Steinwender, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Christoph H. Saely, Harald Stingl, Harald Sourij, and Michael Resl
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Heart disease, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, General Medicine, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Metformin, Coronary artery disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Heart failure, Internal medicine, Risk stratification, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Cardiovascular mortality, medicine.drug
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and heart failure are interacting dynamically. Patients being diagnosed with cardiovascular disease should be screened for diabetes mellitus. Enhanced cardiovascular risk stratification based on biomarkers, symptoms and classical risk factors should be performed in patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus. In patients with previously diagnosed arterosclerotic cardiovascular disease an agent proven to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events or cardiovascular mortality is recommended after therapy failure of metformin.
Published: 2019
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29. Diagnose und Management der Osteoporose bei Diabetes mellitus (Update 2019)

Author: Christian Muschitz, Judith Haschka, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, and Martina Rauner
Subjects: Bone mineral, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, FRAX, business.industry, Poor glycemic control, Osteoporosis, Population, General Medicine, Guideline, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Bone tissue, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, business, education
Abstract: Fragility fractures are increasingly recognized as a complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with fracture risk that increases with disease duration and poor glycemic control. The identification and management of fracture risk in these patients remains challenging. This manuscript explores the clinical characteristics of bone fragility in adults with diabetes and highlights recent studies that have evaluated areal bone mineral density (BMD), bone microstructure and material properties, biochemical markers, and fracture prediction algorithms (FRAX) in these patients. It further reviews the impact of diabetes drugs on bone tissue as well as the efficacy of osteoporosis treatments in this population. An algorithm for the identification and management of diabetic patients at increased fracture risk is proposed.
Published: 2019
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30. Andere spezifische Diabetesformen und exokrine Pankreasinsuffizienz (Update 2019)

Author: Susanne Kaser, Helmut Brath, Heidemarie Abrahamian, Michael Resl, Martin Clodi, Harald Sourij, Lili Kazemi-Shirazi, Sabine E. Hofer, Anton Luger, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Raimund Weitgasser, Michaela Riedl, and Greisa Vila
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, business, Pancreatogenic diabetes
Abstract: Die unter der Kategorie „andere spezifische Diabetesformen“ zusammengefassten Storungen des Glukosestoffwechsels stellen pathophysiologisch und therapeutisch eine sehr heterogene Krankheitsgruppe dar. Umfasst werden Diabetesformen, die im Rahmen von anderen endokrinologischen Erkrankungen auftreten (z. B. Akromegalie, Cushing-Syndrom), pankreoprive Formen (z. B. postoperativ, Pankreatitis, Pankreastumoren, Hamochromatose, zystische Fibrose), medikamentos induzierte Diabetesformen (z. B. Antipsychotikatherapie, Glukokortikoidtherapie, HAART), genetische Formen (z. B. i. R. eines MODY, neonataler Diabetes, Down-Syndrom, Klinefelter-Syndrom, Turner-Syndrom), Infektionen (z. B. kongenitale Rotelninfektion) und seltene autoimmune Formen (z. B. Stiffman-Syndrom). Nicht nur pankreoprive Formen, sondern auch Typ 1 oder langjahriger Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus sind haufig mit einer exokrinen Pankreasinsuffizienz assoziiert.
Published: 2019
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31. Physical, sexual and psychological intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence against women and girls: a systematic review protocol for producing global, regional and country estimates

Author: Sarah R. Meyer, Lynnmarie Sardinha, Claudia García-Moreno, Mathieu Maheu-Giroux, and Heidi Stöckl
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Sexual Behavior, Population, statistics & research methods, MEDLINE, Intimate Partner Violence, PsycINFO, Violence, Global Health, Global health, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Sexual violence, business.industry, Public health, Sex Offenses, public health, Infant, General Medicine, General partnership, Family medicine, Domestic violence, Female, epidemiology, business, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract: IntroductionIn 2013, the WHO published the first global and regional estimates on physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) based on a systematic review of population-based prevalence studies. In this protocol, we describe a new systematic review for the production of updated estimates for IPV and NPSV for global monitoring of violence against women, including providing the baseline for measuring Sustainable Development Goal to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls.Methods and analysisThe systematic review will update and extend the previous search for population-based surveys (either nationally or subnationally representative) conducted among women aged 15+ years that measured the prevalence of physical, sexual, psychological and physical and/or sexual IPV, NPSV or sexual violence by any perpetrator up to December 2019. Data will be extracted separately for all age groups, setting (urban/rural), partnership status (currently partnered/ever partnered/all women) and recall period (lifetime prevalence/past 12 months). Studies will be identified from electronic searches of online databases of EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health and PsycInfo. A search of national statistics office homepages will be conducted for each country to identify reports on population-based, national or subnational studies that include data on IPV or NPSV published outside academic journals. Two reviewers will be involved in quality assessment and data extraction of the review. The review is planned to be updated on a continuous basis. All findings will undergo a country consultation process.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. This systematic review will provide a basis and a follow-up tool for global monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goal Target 5.2 on the elimination of all forms of violence against women and girls.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017054100.
Published: 2021

32. Facing the quality of life: physical illness, anxiety, and depression symptoms among people living with HIV in rural Zambia - a cross-sectional study

Author: Patrick Chanda, Janne Estill, Chisangu Matome, Elona Toska, Gelson Tembo, David Chipanta, Kelly Kaila, Jason Mwanza, Olivia Keiser, and Heidi Stöckl
Subjects: Adult, Cash transfers, Health (social science), Social Psychology, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Hunger, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Zambia, HIV Infections, Anxiety, medicine.disease_cause, Young Adult, Quality of life of people living with HIV, Medicine, Humans, Poverty, Depression (differential diagnoses), Physical illness, ddc:613, Disability, business.industry, Depression, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, HIV-positive people, Cross-Sectional Studies, Quality of Life, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Demography
Abstract: Widespread access to ART has not improved the quality of life (QoL) for people living with HIV (PLHIV). We used the United Nations Disability project (UNPRPD) evaluation data to examine how physical illness, anxiety, and depression shape the QoL of PLHIV in households receiving the social cash transfers safety nets in Luapula, Zambia. We explored associations between each outcome - physical illness, anxiety, depression symptoms - and age, gender, poverty, hunger and disability, using univariable and multivariable regressions. We adjustedp-values for multiple hypothesis testing with sharpened Qs. The sample comprised 1925 respondents 16-55 years old, median age 31 (IQR 22-42 years), majority women (n = 1514, 78.6%). Two-thirds (1239, 64.4%) reported having a physical illness, a third (671, 34.9%) anxiety, and nine per cent (366) depression symptoms. More HIV positive people had a disability (34.6%, 53 versus 28.3%, 502;Q = 0.033), were physically ill (72.5%, 111 versus 63.7%, 1128;Q = 0.011), and two-fold (aOR 1.97 95% CI 1.31-2.94) more likely to report depression symptoms than HIV negative peers. Food insecurity and disability among PLHIV may worsen their physical illnesses, anxiety, depression symptoms, and other QoL domains. More research on the quality of life of PLHIV in poverty is required.
Published: 2021

33. Inadequate design of mutation detection panels prevents interpretation of variants of concern: results of an external quality assessment for SARS-CoV-2 variant detection

Author: Christoph Buchta, Irene Görzer, Andrea Griesmacher, Mathias Müller, Jeremy V. Camp, Jovana Jovanovic, Stephan W. Aberle, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Ulla Radler, and Bernhard Benka
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Pcr assay, Routine laboratory, COVID-19, General Medicine, Computational biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Melting curve analysis, External quality assessment, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Mutation, Medicine, Humans, Mutation detection, business, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Objectives Mutation-specific PCR assays have quickly found their way into laboratory diagnostics due to their capacity to be a fast, easy to implement and high-throughput method for the detection of known SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs). However, little is known about the performance of such assays in routine laboratory analysis. Methods The results reported in a recent round of an external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for SARS-CoV-2 mutation-specific PCR were retrospectively analyzed. For the determination of individual variant-specific sequences as well as for the interpretation results for certain virus variants, correct, incorrect, and unreported results were evaluated, and their possible causes were investigated. Results A total of 34 laboratories participated in this study. For five samples containing the VoC Alpha + E484K, Beta, Gamma, Delta, or B.1.1.318 (as a variant of interest), 848 results for SARS-2-CoV mutation detection were reported, 824 (97.2%, range per sample 88–100%) of which were correct. Melting curve assays gave 99% correct results, real-time RT-qPCR 94%, microarray-based assays 100%, and MALDI-TOF MS 96%. A total of 122/167 (73%) reported results for SARS-CoV-2 variant determination were correct. Of the 45 inconclusive or incorrect results, 33 (73%) were due to inadequate selection of targets that did not allow identification of contemporary VoC, 11 (24%) were due to incorrect results, and one (3%) was due to correct results of mutation-specific PCR. Conclusions Careful and up-to-date selection of the targets used in mutation-specific PCR is essential for successful detection of current SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Published: 2021

34. Genetic insights into biological mechanisms governing human ovarian ageing

Author: Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Lynda M. Rose, Rehannah Borup, Anne B. Newman, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Chikashi Terao, Jeremy A. Daniel, Christa Meisinger, Albert V. Smith, Emil Peter Thrane Hertz, Raymond Noordam, Wei He, Jennifer A. Smith, Mikael Eriksson, Konstantin Strauch, Daniel I. Chasman, Nicholas J. Timpson, Melissa A. Troester, Claudia Langenberg, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Sara Lindström, Gad Rennert, Pascal Guénel, Kristina W. Olsen, Pierre Fontanillas, Ozren Polasek, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Frank B. Hu, Archie Campbell, Celine M. Vachon, Sheila Ulivi, Robin N Beaumont, Robert Karlsson, Lenore J. Launer, Renée de Mutsert, Annette Peters, David Schlessinger, Stefania Bandinelli, Rico Rueedi, Joop S.E. Laven, Pascal Timshel, Joanne M. Murabito, Kuang Lin, Jazib Hussain, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Manjeet K. Bolla, Catherine E. Aiken, Javier Martin Gonzalez, Simon S. Cross, Immaculata De Vivo, Paul M. Ridker, Christopher A. Haiman, Gerardo Heiss, Jessica Tyrrell, Paul R. H. J. Timmers, Hironori Abe, Mike A. Nalls, Luigi Ferrucci, Natalia Perjakova, Jouke J. Hottenga, Robin G. Walters, Reedik Mägi, Niclas Håkansson, Miriam Dwek, Barbara McKnight, Sandra Turon, Stasa Stankovic, Linda Broer, Stephen J. Chanock, Martina La Bianca, Jenny Chang-Claude, Loic Le Marchand, Hamdi Mbarek, Doris Stöckl, Andrew F. Olshan, Graham G. Giles, James F. Wilson, Micaella Joaquim, Amruta Shrikhande, Eva Hoffmann, Stefania Benonisdottir, Ana Martínez-Marchal, Anthony J. Swerdlow, David Karasik, Nicholas J. Wareham, Peter A. Fasching, Jane L. Tarry-Adkins, Charles Kooperberg, Peter Vollenweider, Douglas F. Easton, Paula Aguilera, Jessica D. Faul, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Emmanouil Saloustros, Alpa V. Patel, Ellen W. Demerath, Qin Wang, Aditya Sankar, Christopher G. Scott, Iffat Rahman, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Peter K. Joshi, Caterina Barbieri, Claus Yding Andersen, Tõnu Esko, Massimo Mezzavilla, Nicholas G. Martin, Rebecca D. Jackson, Alison D. Murray, Marina Ciullo, Nicholas Bowker, Anna Murray, Patrick Deelen, Zoltán Kutalik, Alicja Wolk, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Eleonora Porcu, Laura Crisponi, Michela Traglia, Katharina E. Schraut, Antonietta Robino, Chunyan He, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Henry Völzke, Daniela Ruggiero, John R. B. Perry, Lude Franke, Igor Rudan, Angela Cox, Unnur Þorsteinsdottir, Christian Gieger, David R. Weir, Jodie N. Painter, Martha S. Linet, Massimo Mangino, Melissa C. Southey, Petr Solc, Tim D. Spector, Christiana Kartsonaki, Momoko Horikoshi, Meir J. Stampfer, Eulalia Catamo, Mònica Ferrer-Roda, Ko Willems van Dijk, Daniela Toniolo, Caroline Hayward, Lili Milani, Chloé Sarnowski, Jian'an Luan, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Jenny A. Visser, Stig E. Bojesen, Genevieve Lachance, Ulrike Peters, Antonella Mulas, John J. Spinelli, Elnaz Naderi, Andrew R. Wood, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Elinor J. Sawyer, Annique Claringbould, Saleh Shekari, David G. Hunter, Marie Louise Grøndahl, Vilmundur Gudnason, Nora Franceschini, Dale P. Sandler, Dale R. Nyholt, Jacques E. Rossouw, Amber N. Wilcox, Thomas U. Ahearn, Hedy S. Rennert, Olivier B. Bakker, Jingmei Li, Francesco Cucca, Eric Boerwinkle, Matthias W. Beckmann, Cristina Menni, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Esther M. John, Tune H. Pers, Andrés J. López-Contreras, Tanguy Corre, Jonathan Marten, Alice M. Arnold, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Lucie Knoblochova, Anna Pujol, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Teresa Nutile, Serena Sanna, Gonneke Willemsen, Roger L. Milne, Kristan J. Aronson, Frits R. Rosendaal, Murielle Bochud, Ken K. Ong, Susan M. Ring, Nancy L. Pedersen, Blair H. Smith, Ivana Kolcic, Annelie Augustinsson, Jose E. Castelao, Alexander Teumer, Felix R. Day, Sven Bergmann, Timothy M. Frayling, Lauren R. Teras, George Davey Smith, Thomas Meitinger, Alison M. Dunning, Ignasi Roig, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harald Grallert, Toshiko Tanaka, Katherine S. Ruth, Julie E. Buring, Marek Zygmunt, Uwe Völker, Irene L. Andrulis, Håkan Olsson, Harry Campbell, Cari M. Kitahara, Annika Lindblom, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Cinzia Sala, Debbie A Lawlor, Joe Dennis, Yongmei Liu, Yan Huang, Stephen Burgess, Brumat Marco, Veronique Vitart, Kari Stefansson, Susan E. Ozanne, Kamila Czene, Simin Liu, John L. Hopper, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Satoshi H. Namekawa, Miya Kudo Høffding, Fergus J. Couch, Ajuna Azad, Eco J. C. de Geus, Liming Li, Grant W. Montgomery, Peter Kraft, André G. Uitterlinden, Arto Mannermaa, Heiko Becher, Allison W. Kurian, Vallari Shukla, Zhengming Chen, Per Hall, Jennifer A. Brody, Rossella Sorice, Wei Zhao, Andres Metspalu, Sarah E. Medland, Tricia Lindstrom, Clarice R. Weinberg, Bruce M. Psaty, Thérèse Truong, Anna Marie Mulligan, Deborah J. Thompson, Patrick Sulem, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hoffmann, Eva R [0000-0002-2588-0652], Murray, Anna [0000-0002-2351-2522], Roig, Ignasi [0000-0003-0313-3581], Perry, John RB [0000-0001-6483-3771], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Biological Psychology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, APH - Personalized Medicine, and APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases
Subjects: Gerontology, Aging, Far East, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Menopause, Premature, Genome-wide association study, VARIANTS, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Inbred C57BL, Bioinformatics, DISEASE, Healthy Aging, genetics of ovarian aging, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, Mice, Endocrinology, Medicine, EARLY MENOPAUSE, media_common, RISK, Multidisciplinary, Asia, Eastern, Reproduction, Longevity, Middle Aged, Europe, MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION, Medical genetics, Female, ICEP, Menopause, Adult, Alleles, Animals, Bone and Bones, Checkpoint Kinase 1, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Fertility, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Ovary, Uterus, Type 2, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, Biology, Premature ovarian insufficiency, Article, genome-wide meta-analysis, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, GERMLINE, Diabetes Mellitus, Genetic predisposition, Ovarian reserve, Premature, business.industry, Human genetics, CHROMOSOME SYNAPSIS, DNA-DAMAGE, Ageing, EXPRESSION ANALYSIS, business, MEIOTIC CELL-CYCLE
Abstract: Reproductive longevity is essential for fertility and influences healthy ageing in women1,2, but insights into its underlying biological mechanisms and treatments to preserve it are limited. Here we identify 290 genetic determinants of ovarian ageing, assessed using normal variation in age at natural menopause (ANM) in about 200,000 women of European ancestry. These common alleles were associated with clinical extremes of ANM; women in the top 1% of genetic susceptibility have an equivalent risk of premature ovarian insufficiency to those carrying monogenic FMR1 premutations3. The identified loci implicate a broad range of DNA damage response (DDR) processes and include loss-of-function variants in key DDR-associated genes. Integration with experimental models demonstrates that these DDR processes act across the life-course to shape the ovarian reserve and its rate of depletion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that experimental manipulation of DDR pathways highlighted by human genetics increases fertility and extends reproductive life in mice. Causal inference analyses using the identified genetic variants indicate that extending reproductive life in women improves bone health and reduces risk of type 2 diabetes, but increases the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms that govern ovarian ageing, when they act, and how they might be targeted by therapeutic approaches to extend fertility and prevent disease. Hundreds of genetic loci associated with age at menopause, combined with experimental evidence in mice, highlight mechanisms of reproductive ageing across the lifespan.
Published: 2021
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35. Torque Teno Virus Load Is Associated With Subclinical Alloreactivity in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Observational Trial

Author: Irene Görzer, Georg A. Böhmig, Farsad Eskandary, Florentina Dermuth, Martin Schiemann, Gregor Bond, Johannes Kläger, Željko Kikić, Michael Eigenschink, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Robert Strassl, Heinz Regele, Maja Nackenhorst, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Frederik Haupenthal, Konstantin Doberer, and Florian Bauernfeind
Subjects: Graft Rejection, Male, Torque teno virus, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Context (language use), Gastroenterology, Kidney transplant, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Subclinical infection, Transplantation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Immunosuppression, Original Clinical Science—General, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Kidney Transplantation, Confidence interval, DNA Virus Infections, Treatment Outcome, Relative risk, Host-Pathogen Interactions, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Female, business, Immunosuppressive Agents
Abstract: Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background. Nonpathogenic torque teno viruses (TTVs) are highly prevalent in transplant recipients and associated with immunosuppression. Studies in kidney transplant patients have proposed assessment of TTV load for risk stratification of clinically overt graft rejection. The value of TTV quantification in the context of subclinical rejection has not been evaluated. Methods. In this prospective trial, 307 consecutive kidney transplant recipients were subjected to per-protocol monitoring of plasma TTV. TTV was analyzed in the context of protocol biopsies (n = 82), scheduled 1 year posttransplantation. Results. TTV load at the time of biopsy was lower in recipients with rejection (n = 19; according to Banff, including borderline changes suspicious for acute T cell-mediated rejection) than those without rejection (n = 63) whereby each log increase in TTV copies/mL decreased the risk for rejection by 9% (risk ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval, 0.85-0.97; P = 0.004). Development of chronic lesions (cg, cv, ci, ct, ah, ptcml) was associated with the number of days with a TTV load
Published: 2021

36. Measurement and prevalence of sexual harassment in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Isabelle Pearson, Meghna Ranganathan, Joyce Wamoyi, and Heidi Stöckl
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Developing country, sexual and gender disorders, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, law, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Developing Countries, Poverty, business.industry, Public health, public health, 05 social sciences, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, Cross-Sectional Studies, Sexual Harassment, Meta-analysis, depression & mood disorders, Harassment, CLARITY, Medicine, Female, Sexual Health, Dependant, business, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: ObjectivesWe synthesise evidence on sexual harassment from studies in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate its prevalence and conduct a meta-analysis of the association between sexual harassment and depressive symptoms.MethodsWe searched eight databases. We included peer-reviewed studies published in English from 1990 until April 2020 if they measured sexual harassment prevalence in LMICs, included female or male participants aged 14 and over and conceptualised sexual harassment as an independent or dependant variable. We appraised the quality of evidence, used a narrative syntheses approach to synthesise data and conducted a random effects meta-analysis.ResultsFrom 49 included studies, 38 focused on workplaces and educational institutions and 11 on public places. Many studies used an unclear definition of sexual harassment and did not deploy a validated measurement tool. Studies either used a direct question or a series of behavioural questions to elicit information on acts considered offensive or defined as sexual harassment. Prevalence was higher in educational institutions than in workplaces although there was high heterogeneity in prevalence estimates across studies with no international comparability. This posed a challenge for calculating an overall estimate or measuring a range. Our meta-analysis showed some evidence of an association between sexual harassment and depressive symptoms (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.76; p=0.016) although there were only three studies with a high risk of bias.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to assess measurement approaches and estimate the prevalence of sexual harassment across settings in LMICs. We also contribute a pooled estimate of the association between sexual harassment and depressive symptoms in LMICs. There is limited definitional clarity, and rigorously designed prevalence studies that use validated measures for sexual harassment in LMICs. Improved measurement will enable us to obtain more accurate prevalence estimates across different settings to design effective interventions and policies.
Published: 2021

37. Human pegivirus 1 infection in lung transplant recipients: Prevalence, clinical relevance and kinetics of viral replication under immunosuppressive therapy

Author: Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Marianne Graninger, Peter Jaksch, Irene Görzer, and Stephan W. Aberle
Subjects: Torque teno virus, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Pegivirus, GB virus C, Virus Replication, Organ transplantation, Virology, medicine, Prevalence, Lung transplantation, Humans, Clinical significance, Lung, Immunosuppression Therapy, biology, business.industry, Immunosuppression, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, DNA Virus Infections, Transplant Recipients, Transplantation, Kinetics, Infectious Diseases, Viral replication, Immunology, DNA, Viral, business
Abstract: Background Human pegivirus 1 (HPgV1) may cause persistent infections in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals. Its clinical relevance, however, has not been determined. Previous studies have described a higher prevalence of HPgV1 infection in organ transplant recipients compared to healthy controls, but its occurrence in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) and its association with immunosuppressive therapy has not been assessed. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of HPgV1 infection in LTRs, and to compare HPgV1 loads and kinetics to Torque Teno Virus (TTV) kinetics, which reflects the level of immunosuppression. Study design From each of 110 LTRs, five consecutive plasma samples were collected within the first year after transplantation and tested for HPgV1 RNA and TTV DNA loads by quantitative PCR. Data were related to demographic data and clinical parameters followed up for 3 years post transplantation. Results HPgV1 prevalence in LTRs was 18,2%. HPgV1 detection was significantly associated with younger age, but not with graft rejections or other microbial infections. The viral replication level remained unaffected by immunosuppressive therapy. This was in contrast to TTV loads which increased after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, independent of the patients’ HPgV1 infection status. Conclusions In contrast to TTV, HPgV1 kinetics do not reflect the level of immunosuppression after lung transplantation, and there is no correlation between the replication of both persistent viruses in the post transplantation follow up. Thus the individual virus host interactions seem to differ substantially and require further investigation.
Published: 2021

38. Economic empowerment and intimate partner violence: a secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Demographic Health Surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Meghna Ranganathan, Heidi Stöckl, Anushé Hassan, and Abigail M. Hatcher
Subjects: Data Analysis, Male, 050204 development studies, Psychological intervention, Intimate Partner Violence, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomics, Empowerment, media_common, Couples data, education.field_of_study, 05 social sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Demographic and health surveys, Middle Aged, Economic empowerment, Female, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, education, Reproductive medicine, Sub-saharan africa, 03 medical and health sciences, 0502 economics and business, medicine, Humans, Africa South of the Sahara, Aged, Demography, business.industry, Public health, Infant, Secondary data, Gynecology and obstetrics, social sciences, Health Surveys, Cross-Sectional Studies, Reproductive Medicine, RG1-991, Domestic violence, Rural area, business
Abstract: Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized as a defining human rights, development and public health issue of our time. Economic empowerment is one of the most promising interventions to reduce IPV in sub-Saharan Africa, yet the evidence around economic factors that are key to ensure a reduction in IPV are still mixed. Furthermore, there is a lack of clarity on what kinds of economic empowerment works for which population group. This paper seeks a more nuanced understanding, by investigating whether the associations between indicators of economic empowerment and physical and/or sexual IPV are similar between the general population of women and among urban versus rural and young, or middle aged women versus older women. Methods Using couples data from 25 DHS surveys across 15 countries (n = 70,993 women and men aged 15 and above at time of survey), we analyse how household wealth, men’s and women’s education and employment status, decision making on women’s income, differences in education and employment of women and their partners and women’s cash income are associated with physical and/or sexual IPV. We also provide sub-analyses for both urban and rural areas and for women aged, 15 to 24 25 to 34 and 35 to 49. Results Across all surveys, 20% of women reported physical and/or sexual IPV in the last 12 months. On the one hand, our findings reinforced certain well-established patterns between women’s economic empowerment and IPV, with women’s and men’s higher levels of education and increased household wealth associated with a decrease in IPV, and women’s employment, especially if only the woman worked, and women earning more than her partner associated with an increase in IPV. Most patterns did not differ across urban and rural settings and age groups, but notable differences emerged regarding household wealth, women’s and men’s employment in the last 12 months and relative employment and education. Conclusions Factors relating to women’s economic empowerment are vital in understanding and addressing IPV. Our analysis indicate however that future interventions need to consider the differing needs of urban and rural areas as well as be targeted to different age groups.
Published: 2021

39. Structure induces computational function in networks with diverse types of spiking neurons

Author: Christoph Stöckl, Wolfgang Maass, and Lang D
Subjects: Structure (mathematical logic), Artificial neural network, Computer science, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, Motor control, Initialization, Artificial intelligence, business, Neuromorphic hardware
Abstract: Nature endows networks of spiking neurons in the brain with innate computing capabilities. But it has remained an open problem how the genome achieves that. Experimental data imply that the genome encodes synaptic connection probabilities between neurons depending on their genetic types and spatial distance. We show that this low dimensional parameterization suffices for programming fundamental computing capabilities into networks of spiking neurons. However, this method is only effective if the network employs a substantial number of different neuron types. This provides an intriguing answer to the open question why the brain employs so many neuron types, many more than were used so far in neural network models. Neural networks whose computational function is induced through their connectivity structure, rather than through synaptic plasticity, are distinguished by short wire length and robustness to weight perturbations. These neural networks features are not only essential for the brain, but also for energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware.
Published: 2021
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40. Women's Narratives about COVID-19, Preventive Practices and Sources of Information in Northwestern Tanzania

Author: Diana Aloyce, Heidi Stöckl, Saidi Kapiga, Gerry Mshana, Esther Peter, and Zaina Mchome
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Psychological intervention, coronavirus, frame analysis, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Tanzania, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sociology, Pandemics, Mass media, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Public relations, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Framing (social sciences), Health promotion, Medicine, Female, women, Public Health, business, Qualitative research
Abstract: COVID-19 has affected millions of people across the world. We conducted a phone based qualitative study to explore women’s perceptions of COVID-19, knowledge of its symptoms, transmission, and prevention practices in Northwestern Tanzania. We also examined their sources of information about the disease. Findings show that much of women’s framing of etiology, symptoms, and transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) greatly reflects the World Health Organization (WHO)/Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) frame. Their preventive practices against COVID-19 included the biomedical, cultural, and religious frames, as participants engaged traditional practices and spiritual interventions alongside public health recommendations. Mass media was the main source of information about COVID-19, and one of the trusted sources, in addition to religious and local leaders. To be effective, health promotion programs on pandemics should make more use of the mass media, and communal networks to reach populations.
Published: 2021

41. Emerging responses implemented to prevent and respond to violence against women and children in WHO European member states during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review of online media reports

Author: Isabelle Pearson, Zara Quigg, Heidi Stöckl, Zhamin Yelgezekova, Åsa Nihlén, Isabel Yordi Aguirre, and Nadia Butler
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Civil society, Domestic Violence, child protection, World Health Organization, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, HV, RA0421, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Social media, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mass Media, Child, Pandemics, Mass media, Government, Internet, business.industry, Public health, public health, COVID-19, General Medicine, Grey literature, Public relations, protection, 030227 psychiatry, Europe, Child protection, Communicable Disease Control, Medicine, Female, business
Abstract: ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the strategies that governments and civil society organisations implemented to prevent and respond to the anticipated rise in violence against women and/or children (VAWC) during the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.DesignA scoping review and content analysis of online media reports.SettingWHO European region.MethodsA scoping review of media reports and publications and a search of other grey literature (published from 1 January to 17 September 2020). Primary and secondary outcome measures included measures implemented by governments, public services and non-governmental and civil organisations to prevent or respond to VAWC during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsOur study found that in 52 of the 53 member states there was at least one measure undertaken to prevent or respond to VAWC during the pandemic. Government-led or government-sponsored measures were the most common, reported in 50 member states. Non-governmental and other civil society-led prevention and response measures were reported in 40 member states. The most common measure was the use of media and social media to raise awareness of VAWC and to provide VAWC services through online platforms, followed by measures taken to expand and/or maintain helpline services for those exposed to violence.ConclusionThe potential increase in VAWC during COVID-19-imposed restrictions and lockdowns resulted in adaptations and/or increases in prevention and response strategies in nearly all member states. The strength of existing public health systems influenced the requirement and choice of strategies and highlights the need for sustaining and improving violence prevention and response services. Innovative strategies employed in several member states may offer opportunities for countries to strengthen prevention and responses in the near future and during similar emergencies.
Published: 2021

42. Verdacht auf Depression

Author: Thomas Hillemacher and Thomas Stöckl
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, MEDLINE, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Published: 2021
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43. Association between chronic lung allograft dysfunction and human Cytomegalovirus UL40 peptide variants in lung-transplant recipients

Author: Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Hannes Vietzen, Peter Jaksch, and Svenja Hartenberger
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Human cytomegalovirus, Adult, Male, Adolescent, Cytomegalovirus, Peptide, Human leukocyte antigen, Lymphocyte Activation, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Viral Proteins, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Retrospective Studies, chemistry.chemical_classification, Transplantation, Lung, business.industry, Matched control, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Allografts, Transplant Recipients, Killer Cells, Natural, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Chronic Disease, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Surgery, Cell response, Female, Primary Graft Dysfunction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030215 immunology, Lung Transplantation
Abstract: Natural-Killer cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) in lung-transplant recipients. Activating NKG2C+ and inhibitory NKG2A+ NK cells proliferate in response to human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection via the presentation of virally encoded UL40 peptides on HLA-E molecules. We aimed to clarify whether infection with HCMV strains carrying different UL40 peptide variants is associated with the development of CLAD. We included 82 lung-transplant recipients, 18 patients developing CLAD and 64 matched control patients without CLAD. In all patients 1 episode of high-level HCMV-replication occurred. HCMV UL40 variants and Natural-Killer-cell proliferation with distinct UL40 peptides were assessed. The VMTPRTLIL variant was significantly overrepresented in patients developing CLAD (p < 0.0001) and lead to a significantly lower proliferation of inhibitory NKG2A+ cells, compared to the VMAPRTLIL, VMAPRTLVL and VMAPRTLLL variants (p < 0.0001). Thus, HCMV UL40 variants may contribute to development of CLAD over the NK cell response.
Published: 2021

44. Watching a Language Model Learning Chess

Author: Andreas Stöckl
Subjects: Sequence, Perplexity, Training set, Computer science, business.industry, Training time, computer.software_genre, Range (mathematics), Language model, Artificial intelligence, State (computer science), business, computer, Natural language processing, Transformer (machine learning model)
Abstract: We analyse how a transformer-based language model learns the rules of chess from text data of recorded games. We show how it is possible to investigate how the model capacity and the available number of training data influence the learning success of a language model with the help of chess-specific metrics. With these metrics, we show that more games used for training in the studied range offers significantly better results for the same training time. However, model size does not show such a clear influence. It is also interesting to observe that the usual evaluation metrics for language models, predictive accuracy and perplexity, give no indication of this here. Further examination of trained models reveals how they store information about board state in the activations of neuron groups, and how the overall sequence of previous moves influences the newly-generated moves.
Published: 2021
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45. Umgang mit der Dauermedikation bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus

Author: Alexander Stöckl and Bernd Rupprecht
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Perioperative management, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Glucose control, business.industry, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Emergency Medicine, medicine, business
Abstract: ZusammenfassungFür die perioperative Phase besteht bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus ein erhöhtes Risiko für Komplikationen, z. B. durch Entgleisung des Glukosestoffwechsels, erhöhte Rate kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse, Verschlechterung einer vorbestehenden Niereninsuffizienz und vermehrt auftretende Wundinfektionen. Zudem können Nebenwirkungen der antidiabetischen Therapie auftreten. Ein spezieller Umgang mit der Dauermedikation bei solchen Patienten ist wichtig.
Published: 2021

46. MultipleImpacts of Ethiopia’s Health Extension Programme on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing: a Quasi-Experimental Study 2002-2013

Author: William E. Rudgard, Heidi Stöckl, Elona Toska, Mark Orkin, Silinganisiwe P. Dzumbunu, Lucie Cluver, and Rachel Yates
Subjects: History, Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Fertility, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Numeracy, Child marriage, Cohort, Propensity score matching, Medicine, Business and International Management, Underweight, medicine.symptom, business, media_common, Adolescent health, Demography
Abstract: Background. Scalable interventions are needed to support adolescents thrive. Since 2003, the Ethiopian Government’s Health Extension Programme (HEP) has reached millions of households. We evaluated the relationship between household support from HEP and eleven indicators of adolescent health and wellbeing. Methods. We used Young Lives Ethiopia cohort data between 2002 and 2013. Outcomes were: not underweight, self-reported very good health, education enrolment, domestic tasks, paid work, fertility knowledge, sexually transmitted infection knowledge, no child marriage, no early pregnancy, literacy, and numeracy. We evaluated associations between household support from HEP at age 15 and study outcomes at age 19 using propensity score weighted regression, stratifying by sex, and adjusting for receipt of the Productive Safety Net Programme, and economic shocks. Adjusted probability differences (APDs) and adjusted mean differences (AMDs) were used to contrast exposure to HEP vs. no exposure. Findings. Of 775 adolescents with complete follow-up, 46% were female, with baseline mean age 7.87 years (SD: 0.29). Sixty-six percent of adolescents reported household support from HEP. Baseline predictors of support included lower household wealth, lower caregiver education, rural location, and residence in Tigray. Propensity score weighting yielded good balance. In boys, HEP was positively associated with education enrolment (APD: +17ppts, 95% CIs: +6ppts; +27ppts), and negatively associated with paid work (APD: -16ppts, 95% CIs: -27ppts; -4ppts). In girls, HEP was positively associated with fertility knowledge (APD: +14ppts, 95% CIs: 2ppts; 25ppts), no child marriage (APD: +19ppts, 95% CIs: +9ppts; +29ppts), no early pregnancy (APD: +18ppts, 95% CIs: +9ppts; +28ppts), education enrolment (APD: +23ppts, 95% CIs: +11ppts; +34ppts), literacy (AMD: +7ppts, 95% CIs: +2; +11), and numeracy (AMD: +10ppts, 95% CIs: +5; +14). Interpretation. Policies promoting HEP will substantially support multiple areas of adolescent health and wellbeing, and help their transition to adulthood.
Published: 2021
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47. Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)

Author: Jie Lin, Snejana Tisheva, Ishwar C. Verma, Francesco Cipollone, Liam R. Brunham, Florentina Predica, Perla A.C. Gonzalez, Jocelyne Inamo, André R. Miserez, Belma Pojskic, Michel Farnier, Avishay Ellis, Katia Bonomo, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Maria Grazia Zenti, Humberto A. Lopez, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Alexey Meshkov, Jose P. de Moura, Muthukkaruppan Annamalai, Raul D. Santos, F. Paillard, Maria Del Ben, Jan Lacko, Miguel T. Rico, Ximena Reyes, Laura E.G. de Leon, Noor Shafina Mohd Nor, Ulrich Julius, Mohammed A. Batais, Dieter Böhm, Ta-Chen Su, Takuya Kobayashi, Magdalena Chmara, Marco Gebauer, Marcos M. Lima-Martínez, Ravshanbek D. Kurbanov, Daisaku Masuda, Amro El-Hadidy, Melanie Schüler, Francisco Fuentes, Florian J. Mayer, Helena Vaverkova, F. Ulrich Beil, Juraj Bujdak, Mario Stoll, Isabelle Ruel, Elena Dorn, Thomas M. Stulnig, Abubaker Elfatih, Rano B. Alieva, Jiri Vesely, Valérie Carreau, Cristina M. Sibaja, Sophie Béliard, Olivier Ziegler, Adriana Branchi, Daniel Schurr, G.B. John Mancini, Tai E. Shyong, Eric L.T. Siang, Mafalda Bourbon, Zerrin Yigit, Meral Kayıkçıoğlu, Jacques Genest, Wei Yu, Michal Vrablík, Shavkat U. Hoshimov, Dan Gaita, Antonio Pipolo, Ashraf H.A. AlQudaimi, Walter Speidl, Gianfranco Parati, Zaliha Ismail, Victoria M. Zubieta, René Valéro, Tomas Salek, Hana Halamkova, Gustavs Latkovskis, Nicole Allendorf-Ostwald, Agnes Perrin, Vladimir Soska, Anastasia Garoufi, Francisco Araujo, Nacu C. Portilla, Thomas Segiet, Charalambos Koumaras, Hila Knobler, Fatih Sivri, Hani Altaradi, Ivan Pećin, Long Jiang, Alexander Dressel, Marlena Woś, Jana Franekova, D. Agapakis, Quitéria Rato, Dirk J. Blom, Marcin A. Bartlomiejczyk, Krzysztof Dyrbuś, Maurizio Averna, Phivos Symeonides, Yung A. Chua, Asim Rana, András Nagy, Juan C.G. Cuellar, Alexander Jäkel, Maya Safarova, Neama Luqman, Amalia-Despoina Koutsogianni, Patrick Tounian, Jose A. Alvarez, Ada Cuevas, Corinna Richter, Sybil Charrieres, Vitaliy Zafiraki, Michalis Doumas, Angela Lux, Thanh Huong Truong, Elaine Chow, José Luis Díaz-Díaz, Jesus R.H. Almada, Sabine Füllgraf-Horst, Gustavo G. Retana, Claudio Borghi, Gianni Biolo, Ivajlo Tzvetkov, Patrícia Pais, Mehmet Akbulut, Kumiko Nagahama, Oner Ozdogan, Frank Leistikow, Jianxun He, Alexander R.M. Lyons, Poranee Ganokroj, Luis E.S. Mendia, Ann-Cathrin Koschker, Gabriela A.G. Ramirez, Dainus Gilis, Karin Balinth, José Ramiro Cruz, Paolo Calabrò, Alberico L. Catapano, Emmanouil Skalidis, Hamida Al-Barwani, Genovefa Kolovou, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Yoto Yotov, Yaacov Henkin, Gabriella Iannuzzo, Aimi Z. Razman, Alma B.M. Rodriguez, Hans Dieplinger, Darlington E. Obaseki, Ursulo J. Herrera, Arcangelo Iannuzzi, Christoph Säly, Elena Olmastroni, Francisco G. Padilla, S.A. Nazli, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Miriam Kozárová, Urh Groselj, Igor Shaposhnik, Lorenzo Iughetti, Nawal Rwaili, Cinthia E. Jannes, Andrea Bartuli, Mikhail Voevoda, Marat V. Ezhov, Yanyu Duan, Alper Sonmez, Mustafa Yenercag, Ariane Sultan, Natasza Gilis-Malinowska, Tavintharan Subramaniam, Mohamed Ashraf, Jing Pang, Kota Matsuki, Tao Jiang, Gerald Klose, Eduardo A.R. Rodriguez, Lucie Solcova, Riccardo Sarzani, Mahmoud Traina, Alejandra Vázquez Cárdenas, Gordon A. Francis, Adolat V. Ziyaeva, Ronen Durst, Maciej Banach, Francisco Silva, Heribert Schunkert, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ziyou Liu, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md Radzi, Hana Rosolova, Andrea Bäßler, Abdulhalim Jamal Kinsara, Noël Peretti, Victor Gurevich, Margarita T. Tamayo, Abdullah Tuncez, Florian Höllerl, Ljubica Stosic, Jianguang Qi, Anja Kirschbaum, Jitendra P.S. Sawhney, Michael Scholl, Kausik K. Ray, Mohamed Bendary, Hapizah Nawawi, Adrienne Tarr, Barbora Nussbaumerova, B.C. Brice, Kurt Huber, Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim, A. Rahman A. Jamal, Vaclava Palanova, Giacomo Biasucci, Pucong Ye, Eva Cubova, Roopa Mehta, Rüdiger Schweizer, Veronica Zampoleri, Jacek Jóźwiak, Alyaa Al-Khateeb, Jing Hong, Katarina Raslova, Kirsten B. Holven, Tatiana Rozkova, Reinhold Busch, Alexander Klabnik, Konrad Hein, Eloy A.Z. Carrillo, Robin Urbanek, Livia Pisciotta, Fatma Y. Coskun, Jose J.G. Garcia, Valerio Pecchioli, Azra D. Nalbantic, Weerapan Khovidhunkit, Jernej Kovac, Michaela Kadurova, Mohammed Al-Jarallah, Vita Saripo, Christos V. Rizos, Jie Peng, Ang L. Chua, Dorothee Deiss, Nor A.A. Murad, Aneta Stróżyk, See Kwok, Gökhan Alici, Gillian J. Pilcher, John J.P. Kastelein, Dmitry Duplyakov, Calin Lengher, Milena Budikova, C. Azzopardi, Christina Antza, Luis E.V. Arroyo, Khalid Al-Jumaily, Ahmad Al-Sarraf, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Erkayim Bektasheva, Arta Upena-RozeMicena, Qian Wang, Xumin Wang, Leah Leavit, Radzi Rahmat, Selim Topcu, Željko Reiner, Lorenzo Maroni, Matija Cevc, Elizabeth R. Cooremans, Masatsune Ogura, Tevfik Sabuncu, Ruy D Arjona Villicaña, Andrea Giaccari, Xuesong Fan, Auryan Szalat, Sanjaya Dissanayake, Etienne Khoury, Anja Vogt, Hermann Toplak, Alexis Baass, Isabel Palma, Gaelle Sablon, Dana A. Hay, Ya Yang, Margus Viigimaa, Erik S.G. Stroes, Dror Harats, Konstantin Krychtiuk, Zesen Liu, Aleksandra Parczewska, Yves Cottin, Yichen Qu, Mathilde Di-Fillipo, Agnieszka Konopka, Lamija Pojskic, Guadalupe J. Dominguez, Ahmet Temizhan, Roberto C. Chacon, Ibrahim E. Dural, Qiang Yong, G. Kees Hovingh, Kang Meng, Sandra Kutkiene, Julie Lemale, Reinhold Innerhofer, Alexandros D. Tselepis, Handrean Soran, Wolfgang König, Bassam Atallah, Olena Mitchenko, Jana Cepova, Eduardo M. Rodriguez, Ulrich Laufs, Norhidayah Rosman, Alena Lubasova, V. Durlach, Frederick J. Raal, Elyor Khodzhiboboev, Cristina Pederiva, Hui Yuan, Ashraf Reda, Fahad Alnouri, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Thanh T. Le, Jana Sirotiakova, Régis Hankard, Hector E.A. Cazares, Betsabel Rodriguez, Lenka Pavlickova, Assen Goudev, Julius Katzmann, Diana Boger, Wael Almahmeed, Katarina T. Podkrajsek, Sabina Zambon, Fahri Bayram, Nadia Citroni, Samir Rafla, Vincent Rigalleau, Aleksandr B. Shek, Hani Sabbour, Berenice G. Guzman, Shoshi Shpitzen, Eric Tarantino, Ahmed Bendary, Fedya Nikolov, Jean Bergeron, Stefan Kopf, Iva Rasulic, Gerald F. Watts, Muhammad I.A. Hafidz, Mehmet B. Yilmaz, Kathrin Biolik, Ira A. Haack, Robert A. Hegele, Sonia Dulong, Bartosz Wasąg, Osama Sanad, Susana Correia, Zhenjia Wang, Dana Biedermann, Christel König, Helena Podzimkova, Ihab Daoud, Mohammad Alghamdi, Dražen Perica, László Márk, Iosif Koutagiar, Volkan Dogan, Vladimir Blaha, Chandrashekhar K. Ponde, Katerina Valoskova, Amer A. Jabbar, Azhari Rosman, Sazzli Kasim, Mesut Demir, Ulugbek I. Nizamov, Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo, Dilek Yesilbursa, Atef Elbahry, Arshad Abdulrasheed, Omer A. Elamin, Vasileios Athyros, Joanna Lewek, Gergely Nagy, Ursula Kassner, Jian Jiao, Klaus G. Parhofer, Charlotte Nzeyimana, Marcin Pajkowski, Stanislav Zemek, Jose J.C. Macías, Cornelius Müller, G. Sfikas, Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Yulia Ragino, Fahad Al-Zadjali, Abdul Rais Sanusi, Anna Rita Roscini, Jean Ferrières, Selim Jambart, Jean Pierre Rabes, Laura Schreier, Hofit Cohen, Olivier S. Descamps, N. Lalic, Christine Stumpp, Antonio J. Vallejo-Vaz, Jutta Christmann, Manuela Casula, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Olga Lunegova, Ewa Starostecka, Nicolas D. Oca, Alain Carrié, Achilleas Attilakos, Savas Ozer, Andreea Dumitrescu, Jürgen Merke, Urte Aliosaitiene, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Manuel O. De los Rios Ibarra, Maria J. Virtuoso, Alessandro Lupi, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Ruth Agar, Dorota Ferrieres, George Liamis, José Eduardo Krieger, Mariann Harangi, Fouzia Sadiq, Francois Schiele, Saif Kamal, Mária Audikovszky, Peter Baumgartner, Marta Gazzotti, Daniel Gaudet, Ashanty F. Ortega, Marcin Gruchała, Philippe Moulin, Ljiljana Popovic, Luca Bonanni, E. Kiouri, Mika Hori, Chiara Trenti, Elena Repetti, Carlo Sabbà, Sophie Bernard, Alejandro R. Zazueta, Mirac Vural, Jesus R. Gonzalez, C. Stevens, Francesca Carubbi, Wenhui Wen, Sabri Demircan, Kanika I. Dharmayat, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Elizabete Terauda, Claudia Zemmrich, Alphonsus Isara, Fabiola L. Sobrevilla, Anell Hernandez Garcia, Ibrahim Sisic, Justin T. I-Shing, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Luya Wang, Manfred Mayer, Mohanad Al-ageedi, Judith Wiener, Mohammed Al-Kindi, Anis Safura Ramli, Yan Chen, Denis Angoulvant, Aytekin Oguz, K.H. Wolmarans, Claudio Ferri, Tomáš Freiberger, Lubomira Cermakova, Julieta D.M. Portano, Pierre Henri Ducluzeau, Katerina Vonaskova, Levent H. Can, Mario H.F. Andrade, György Paragh, C. Ebenbichler, Karina J.A. Rivera, Alia Khudari, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Ana C. Alves, Victoria Korneva, Sandra Singh, Georgia Anastasiou, Nur S. Hamzan, Massimo Federici, Lale Tokgozoglu, Hector G. Alcala, Oana Moldovan, Giuseppe Mandraffino, Swarup A.V. Shah, Lukas Burda, Ersel Onrat, Manuel de los Reyes Barrera Bustillo, Mirjana Radovic, Arman Postadzhiyan, Nien-Tzu Chang, Aylin Yildirir, Martin Mäser, Bruno Fink, Svetlana Mosteoru, Ulrike Schatz, Luis A.V. Talavera, Magdalena Dusejovska, Richard Ceska, Faisal A. Al-Allaf, T.F. Ashavaid, Gereon Böll, Sona Machacova, Gonzalo C. Vargas, Antonio Gallo, Elina Pantchechnikova, Lukas Tichy, Gersina Rega-Kaun, Moses Elisaf, Branislav Vohnout, Antonio Bossi, Suad Al-Mukhaini, Natasa Rajkovic, Ursa Sustar, Merih Kutlu, Mohamed Sobhy, Britta Otte, Ana M. Medeiros, Borut Jug, Patrick Couture, Rodrigo Alonso, Wolfgang Seeger, Guzal J. Abdullaeva, Ahmet Celik, Nasreen Al-Sayed, Béla Benczúr, Petra E. Khoury, Rafezah Razali, Ma L.R. Osorio, Ruiying Zhang, Monica M.N. Usme, Humberto Garcia Aguilar, Ceyhun Ceyhan, Antje Spens, Christoph J. Binder, Volker Schrader, Terrance C.S. Jin, Neftali E.A. Villa, Aleksandra Michalska-Grzonkowska, Francesco Purrello, Marshima M. Rosli, Vincent Maher, Dilshad Rasul, Ines Colaço, Ornella Guardamagna, Giuliana Mombelli, Khalid F. AlHabib, Fahmi Alkaf, Marianne Benn, Youmna Ghaleb, Arsenio V. Vazquez, Lakshmi L. Reddy, Salih Kilic, Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir, E. Bilianou, Rossella Marcucci, Sandro Muntoni, Kurt Widhalm, Evangelos A. Zacharis, Kuznetsova T. Yu, Eric Bruckert, Antonia Sonntag, Katerina Rehouskova, Josè Pablo Werba, Leobardo Sauque-Reyna, Myra Tilney, Dov Gavishv, A.M. Fiorenza, Zdenka Krejsova, Hong A. Le, Andrey V. Susekov, Isabel Klein, Mai N.T. Nguyen, Andrejs Erglis, Muge Ildizli, Diane Brisson, Salmi Razali, Winfried März, Ovidio Muñiz-Grijalvo, Justyna Borowiec-Wolna, Ingrid Buganova, Ngoc T. Kim, Yue Wu, István Reiber, Jose C.A. Martinez, Pavel Malina, Sandy Elbitar, Stephan Matthias, Ali F. Abdalsahib, Zlatko Fras, Wilson E Sadoh, Lucas Kleemann, Tayfun Sahin, Martin P. Bogsrud, Fabio Pellegatta, Mohamed A. Shafy, Yuntao Li, Martine Paquette, Zuhier Awan, Arturo Pujia, Xiantao Song, Renata Cifkova, Alexandre C. Pereira, Ioannis Skoumas, Roman Cibulka, Tadej Battelino, Mariusz Gąsior, Ghada Kazamel, Lahore S.U. Shah, Eran Leitersdorf, Niki Katsiki, Daniel Elías-López, Khalid Al-Rasadi, Grete Talviste, Sarka Mala, Rocio M. Alvarado, Pavel Kraml, Gerret Paulsen, Angelina Passaro, Zsolt Karányi, Carine Ayoub, Vera Adamkova, Ivo Petrov, Turky H. Almigbal, Rohana Abdul Ghani, Franck Boccara, Brian W. McCrindle, François Martin, Jamshed J. Dalal, Shitong Cheng, Khalid Al-Waili, Chaoyi Zhang, Ramon M. Prado, Lubica Cibickova, Lubomira Fabryova, Tobias Wiesner, Thuhairah Hasrah Abdul Rahman, Tan J. Le, Marcello Arca, Sabine Scholl-Bürgi, Juan R. Saucedo, Georgijs Nesterovics, Carla V.M. Valencia, Alexander Stadelmann, Vasileios Kotsis, Lina Badimon, Shizuya Yamashita, Jose C.M. Oyervides, Lay K. Teh, Susanne Greber-Platzer, Marianne Abifadel, Ruta Meiere, Wibke Reinhard, Pablo Corral, Nina Schmidt, Alain Pradignac, A. David Marais, Marta Jordanova, Marzena Romanowska-Kocejko, Johannes Scholl, Brian Tomlinson, Laura G.G. Herrera, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Pedro Mata, Sameh Emil, Matej Mlinaric, Emile Ferrari, Suraya Abdul Razak, Alexandra Ershova, Andrie G. Panayiotou, Alinna Y.R. Garcia, Kairat Davletov, Katarina Lalic, Doan L. Do, Krzysztof Chlebus, Ricardo A. Carrera, Daniel I.P. Vazquez, Nikolaos Sakkas, Liyuan Xu, Mays Altaey, Aysa Hacioglu, Alexandro J. Martagon, Marta Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Michael Schömig, Jürgen Homberger, Andrea Benso, Bertrand Cariou, Ardon Rubinstein, Omer Gedikli, Emre Durakoglugil, Mei Chong, Bahadir Kirilmaz, Suhaila Abd Muid, Jose M. Salgado, Berenice P. Aparicio, Mutaz Alkhnifsawi, Bruno Vergès, Cécile Yelnik, Goreti Lobarinhas, Zaneta Petrulioniene, Sylvia Asenjo, Aytul B. Yildirim, László Bajnok, Vallejo-Vaz A.J., Stevens C.A.T., Lyons A.R.M., Dharmayat K.I., Freiberger T., Hovingh G.K., Mata P., Raal F.J., Santos R.D., Soran H., Watts G.F., Abifadel M., Aguilar-Salinas C.A., Alhabib K.F., Alkhnifsawi M., Almahmeed W., Alnouri F., Alonso R., Al-Rasadi K., Al-Sarraf A., Al-Sayed N., Araujo F., Ashavaid T.F., Banach M., Beliard S., Benn M., Binder C.J., Bogsrud M.P., Bourbon M., Chlebus K., Corral P., Davletov K., Descamps O.S., Durst R., Ezhov M., Gaita D., Genest J., Groselj U., Harada-Shiba M., Holven K.B., Kayikcioglu M., Khovidhunkit W., Lalic K., Latkovskis G., Laufs U., Liberopoulos E., Lima-Martinez M.M., Lin J., Maher V., Marais A.D., Marz W., Mirrakhimov E., Miserez A.R., Mitchenko O., Nawawi H., Nordestgaard B.G., Panayiotou A.G., Paragh G., Petrulioniene Z., Pojskic B., Postadzhiyan A., Raslova K., Reda A., Reiner, Sadiq F., Sadoh W.E., Schunkert H., Shek A.B., Stoll M., Stroes E., Su T.-C., Subramaniam T., Susekov A.V., Tilney M., Tomlinson 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Jiao J., Wu Y., Wen W., Xu L., Zhang R., Qu Y., He J., Fan X., Wang Z., Chow E., Pecin I., Perica D., Symeonides P., Vrablik M., Ceska R., Soska V., Tichy L., Adamkova V., Franekova J., Cifkova R., Kraml P., Vonaskova K., Cepova J., Dusejovska M., Pavlickova L., Blaha V., Rosolova H., Nussbaumerova B., Cibulka R., Vaverkova H., Cibickova L., Krejsova Z., Rehouskova K., Malina P., Budikova M., Palanova V., Solcova L., Lubasova A., Podzimkova H., Bujdak J., Vesely J., Jordanova M., Salek T., Urbanek R., Zemek S., Lacko J., Halamkova H., Machacova S., Mala S., Cubova E., Valoskova K., Burda L., Bendary A., Daoud I., Emil S., Elbahry A., Rafla S., Sanad O., Kazamel G., Ashraf M., Sobhy M., El-Hadidy A., Shafy M.A., Kamal S., Bendary M., Talviste G., Angoulvant D., Boccara F., Cariou B., Carreau V., Carrie A., Charrieres S., Cottin Y., Di-Fillipo M., Ducluzeau P.H., Dulong S., Durlach V., Farnier M., Ferrari E., Ferrieres D., Ferrieres J., Gallo A., hankard R., Inamo J., Lemale J., Moulin P., Paillard F., Peretti N., Perrin A., Pradignac A., Rabes J.P., Rigalleau V., Sultan A., Schiele F., Tounian P., Valero R., Verges B., Yelnik C., Ziegler O., Haack I.A., Schmidt N., Dressel A., Klein I., Christmann J., Sonntag A., Stumpp C., Boger D., Biedermann D., Usme M.M.N., Beil F.U., Klose G., Konig C., Gouni-Berthold I., Otte B., Boll G., Kirschbaum A., Merke J., Scholl J., Segiet T., Gebauer M., Predica F., Mayer M., Leistikow F., Fullgraf-Horst S., Muller C., Schuler M., Wiener J., Hein K., Baumgartner P., Kopf S., Busch R., Schomig M., Matthias S., Allendorf-Ostwald N., Fink B., Bohm D., Jakel A., Koschker A.-C., Schweizer R., Vogt A., Parhofer K., Konig W., Reinhard W., Bassler A., Stadelmann A., Schrader V., Katzmann J., Tarr A., Steinhagen-Thiessen E., Kassner U., Paulsen G., Homberger J., Zemmrich C., Seeger W., Biolik K., Deiss D., Richter C., Pantchechnikova E., Dorn E., Schatz U., Julius U., Spens A., Wiesner T., Scholl M., Rizos C.V., Sakkas N., Elisaf M., Skoumas I., Tziomalos K., Rallidis L., Kotsis V., Doumas M., Athyros V., Skalidis E., Kolovou G., Garoufi A., Bilianou E., Koutagiar I., Agapakis D., Kiouri E., Antza C., Katsiki N., Zacharis E., Attilakos A., Sfikas G., Koumaras C., Anagnostis P., Anastasiou G., Liamis G., Koutsogianni A.-D., Karanyi Z., Harangi M., Bajnok L., Audikovszky M., Mark L., Benczur B., Reiber I., Nagy G., Nagy A., Reddy L.L., Shah S.A.V., Ponde C.K., Dalal J.J., Sawhney J.P.S., Verma I.C., Altaey M., Al-Jumaily K., Rasul D., Abdalsahib A.F., Jabbar A.A., Al-ageedi M., Agar R., Cohen H., Ellis A., Gavishv D., Harats D., Henkin Y., Knobler H., Leavit L., Leitersdorf E., Rubinstein A., Schurr D., Shpitzen S., Szalat A., Casula M., Zampoleri V., Gazzotti M., Olmastroni E., Sarzani R., Ferri C., Repetti E., Sabba C., Bossi A.C., Borghi C., Muntoni S., Cipollone F., Purrello F., Pujia A., Passaro A., Marcucci R., Pecchioli V., Pisciotta L., Mandraffino G., Pellegatta F., Mombelli G., Branchi A., Fiorenza A.M., Pederiva 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Rahmat R., Hamzan N.S., Azzopardi C., Mehta R., Martagon A.J., Ramirez G.A.G., Villa N.E.A., Vazquez A.V., Elias-Lopez D., Retana G.G., Rodriguez B., Macias J.J.C., Zazueta A.R., Alvarado R.M., Portano J.D.M., Lopez H.A., Sauque-Reyna L., Herrera L.G.G., Mendia L.E.S., Aguilar H.G., Cooremans E.R., Aparicio B.P., Zubieta V.M., Gonzalez P.A.C., Ferreira-Hermosillo A., Portilla N.C., Dominguez G.J., Garcia A.Y.R., Cazares H.E.A., Gonzalez J.R., Valencia C.V.M., Padilla F.G., Prado R.M., De los Rios Ibarra M.O., Villicana R.D.A., Rivera K.J.A., Carrera R.A., Alvarez J.A., Martinez J.C.A., de los Reyes Barrera Bustillo M., Vargas G.C., Chacon R.C., Andrade M.H.F., Ortega A.F., Alcala H.G., de Leon L.E.G., Guzman B.G., Garcia J.J.G., Cuellar J.C.G., Cruz J.R.G., Garcia A.H., Almada J.R.H., Herrera U.J., Sobrevilla F.L., Rodriguez E.M., Sibaja C.M., Rodriguez A.B.M., Oyervides J.C.M., Vazquez D.I.P., Rodriguez E.A.R., Osorio M.L.R., Saucedo J.R., Tamayo M.T., Talavera L.A.V., Arroyo L.E.V., Carrillo E.A.Z., Isara A., Obaseki D.E., Al-Waili K., Al-Zadjali F., Al-Zakwani I., Al-Kindi M., Al-Mukhaini S., Al-Barwani H., Rana A., Shah L.S.U., Starostecka E., Konopka A., Lewek J., Bartlomiejczyk M., Gasior M., Dyrbus K., Jozwiak J., Gruchala M., Pajkowski M., Romanowska-Kocejko M., Zarczynska-Buchowiecka M., Chmara M., Wasag B., Parczewska A., Gilis-Malinowska N., Borowiec-Wolna J., Strozyk A., Wos M., Michalska-Grzonkowska A., Medeiros A.M., Alves A.C., Silva F., Lobarinhas G., Palma I., de Moura J.P., Rico M.T., Rato Q., Pais P., Correia S., Moldovan O., Virtuoso M.J., Salgado J.M., Colaco I., Dumitrescu A., Lengher C., Mosteoru S., Meshkov A., Ershova A., Rozkova T., Korneva V., Yu K.T., Zafiraki V., Voevoda M., Gurevich V., Duplyakov D., Ragino Y., Safarova M., Shaposhnik I., Alkaf F., Khudari A., Rwaili N., Al-Allaf F., Alghamdi M., Batais M.A., Almigbal T.H., Kinsara A., AlQudaimi A.H.A., Awan Z., Elamin O.A., Altaradi H., Rajkovic N., Popovic L., Singh S., Stosic L., Rasulic I., Lalic N.M., Lam C., Le T.J., Siang E.L.T., Dissanayake S., I-Shing J.T., Shyong T.E., Jin T.C.S., Balinth K., Buganova I., Fabryova L., Kadurova M., Klabnik A., Kozarova M., Sirotiakova J., Battelino T., Kovac J., Mlinaric M., Sustar U., Podkrajsek K.T., Fras Z., Jug B., Cevc M., Pilcher G.J., Blom D.J., Wolmarans K.H., Brice B.C., Muniz-Grijalvo O., Diaz-Diaz J.L., de Isla L.P., Fuentes F., Badimon L., Martin F., Lux A., Chang N.-T., Ganokroj P., Akbulut M., Alici G., Bayram F., Can L.H., Celik A., Ceyhan C., Coskun F.Y., Demir M., Demircan S., Dogan V., Durakoglugil E., Dural I.E., Gedikli O., Hacioglu A., Ildizli M., Kilic S., Kirilmaz B., Kutlu M., Oguz A., Ozdogan O., Onrat E., Ozer S., Sabuncu T., Sahin T., Sivri F., Sonmez A., Temizhan A., Topcu S., Tuncez A., Vural M., Yenercag M., Yesilbursa D., Yigit Z., Yildirim A.B., Yildirir A., Yilmaz M.B., Atallah B., Traina M., Sabbour H., Hay D.A., Luqman N., Elfatih A., Abdulrasheed A., Kwok S., Oca N.D., Reyes X., Alieva 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B., Stoll, M., Stroes, E., Su, T. -C., Subramaniam, T., Susekov, A. V., Tilney, M., Tomlinson, B., Truong, T. H., Tselepis, A. D., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A., Vazquez Cardenas, A., Viigimaa, M., Wang, L., Yamashita, S., Kastelein, J. J. P., Bruckert, E., Vohnout, B., Schreier, L., Pang, J., Ebenbichler, C., Dieplinger, H., Innerhofer, R., Winhofer-Stockl, Y., Greber-Platzer, S., Krychtiuk, K., Speidl, W., Toplak, H., Widhalm, K., Stulnig, T., Huber, K., Hollerl, F., Rega-Kaun, G., Kleemann, L., Maser, M., Scholl-Burgi, S., Saly, C., Mayer, F. J., Sablon, G., Tarantino, E., Nzeyimana, C., Pojskic, L., Sisic, I., Nalbantic, A. D., Jannes, C. E., Pereira, A. C., Krieger, J. E., Petrov, I., Goudev, A., Nikolov, F., Tisheva, S., Yotov, Y., Tzvetkov, I., Baass, A., Bergeron, J., Bernard, S., Brisson, D., Brunham, L. R., Cermakova, L., Couture, P., Francis, G. A., Gaudet, D., Hegele, R. A., Khoury, E., Mancini, G. B. J., Mccrindle, B. W., Paquette, M., Ruel, I., Cuevas, A., Asenjo, S., Wang, X., Meng, K., Song, X., Yong, Q., Jiang, T., Liu, Z., Duan, Y., Hong, J., Ye, P., Chen, Y., Qi, J., Li, Y., Zhang, C., Peng, J., Yang, Y., Yu, W., Wang, Q., Yuan, H., Cheng, S., Jiang, L., Chong, M., Jiao, J., Wu, Y., Wen, W., Xu, L., Zhang, R., Qu, Y., He, J., Fan, X., Wang, Z., Chow, E., Pecin, I., Perica, D., Symeonides, P., Vrablik, M., Ceska, R., Soska, V., Tichy, L., Adamkova, V., Franekova, J., Cifkova, R., Kraml, P., Vonaskova, K., Cepova, J., Dusejovska, M., Pavlickova, L., Blaha, V., Rosolova, H., Nussbaumerova, B., Cibulka, R., Vaverkova, H., Cibickova, L., Krejsova, Z., Rehouskova, K., Malina, P., Budikova, M., Palanova, V., Solcova, L., Lubasova, A., Podzimkova, H., Bujdak, J., Vesely, J., Jordanova, M., Salek, T., Urbanek, R., Zemek, S., Lacko, J., Halamkova, H., Machacova, S., Mala, S., Cubova, E., Valoskova, K., Burda, L., Bendary, A., Daoud, I., Emil, S., Elbahry, A., Rafla, S., Sanad, O., Kazamel, G., Ashraf, M., Sobhy, M., El-Hadidy, A., Shafy, M. 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K., and EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC), Borghi C
Subjects: Male, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Arterial disease, Cross-sectional study, Adult population, Coronary Disease, Disease, Global Health, Medical and Health Sciences, Doenças Cardio e Cérebro-vasculares, Anticholesteremic Agent, Monoclonal, Prevalence, Registries, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Humanized, Stroke, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, LS2_9, Studies Collaboration, Anticholesteremic Agents, General Medicine, Heart Disease Risk Factor, Middle Aged, FHSC global registry data, Europe, Treatment Outcome, Lower prevalence, Guidance, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, Proprotein Convertase 9, Familial hypercholesterolaemia, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, FHSC global registry, heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, Cardiovascular risk factors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Insights, Antibodies, NO, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Clinician, Medicine, General & Internal, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, medicine, Humans, EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC), Cross-Sectional Studie, Science & Technology, Global Perspective, business.industry, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business
Abstract: Background The European Atherosclerosis Society Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) global registry provides a platform for the global surveillance of familial hypercholesterolaemia through harmonisation and pooling of multinational data. In this study, we aimed to characterise the adult population with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and described how it is detected and managed globally. Methods Using FHSC global registry data, we did a cross-sectional assessment of adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of probable or definite heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia at the time they were entered into the registries. Data were assessed overall and by WHO regions, sex, and index versus non-index cases. Findings Of the 61 612 individuals in the registry, 42 167 adults (21 999 [53.6%] women) from 56 countries were included in the study. Of these, 31 798 (75.4%) were diagnosed with the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria, and 35 490 (84.2%) were from the WHO region of Europe. Median age of participants at entry in the registry was 46.2 years (IQR 34.3-58.0); median age at diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia was 44.4 years (32.5-56.5), with 40.2% of participants younger than 40 years when diagnosed. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors increased progressively with age and varied by WHO region. Prevalence of coronary disease was 17.4% (2.1% for stroke and 5.2% for peripheral artery disease), increasing with concentrations of untreated LDL cholesterol, and was about two times lower in women than in men. Among patients receiving lipid-lowering medications, 16 803 (81.1%) were receiving statins and 3691 (21.2%) were on combination therapy, with greater use of more potent lipid-lowering medication in men than in women. Median LDL cholesterol was 5.43 mmol/L (IQR 4.32-6.72) among patients not taking lipid-lowering medications and 4.23 mmol/L (3.20-5.66) among those taking them. Among patients taking lipid-lowering medications, 2.7% had LDL cholesterol lower than 1.8 mmol/L; the use of combination therapy, particularly with three drugs and with proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors, was associated with a higher proportion and greater odds of having LDL cholesterol lower than 1.8 mmol/L. Compared with index cases, patients who were non-index cases were younger, with lower LDL cholesterol and lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (all p, Pfizer Independent Grant for Learning Change [16157823]; Amgen; Merck Sharp Dohme; Sanofi-Aventis; Daiichi Sankyo; Regeneron; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, UK; NIHR; Czech Ministry of Health [NU20-02-00261]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Austrian Heart Foundation; Tyrolean Regional Government; Gulf Heart Association, The EAS FHSC is an academic initiative that has received funding from a Pfizer Independent Grant for Learning & Change 2014 (16157823) and from investigator-initiated research grants to the European Atherosclerosis Society-Imperial College London from Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sanofi-Aventis, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron. KKR acknowledges support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, UK. KID acknowledges support from a PhD Studentship from NIHR under the Applied Health Research programme for Northwest London, UK (the views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health). TF was supported by a grant from the Czech Ministry of Health (NU20-02-00261). JG receives support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The Austrian Familial Hypercholesterolaemia registry has been supported by funds from the Austrian Heart Foundation and the Tyrolean Regional Government. The Gulf Familial Hypercholesterolaemia registry was done under the auspices of the Gulf Heart Association.
Published: 2021
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48. Author response: Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

Author: Zahra Mohammadi, Abdul Basit, Helena I. S. Nogueira, Soile E. Puhakka, Hongsheng Bi, Ari Voutilainen, Davood Khalili, Bin Zhou, Dermot O'Reilly, Natascia Rinaldo, Paulo A. Lotufo, Bahareh Kheiri, Thein Thein Htay, Simona Giampaoli, Goodarz Danaei, M. Fernanda Lima-Costa, Simona Bo, Peter Schnohr, Jerzy Chudek, Francesco Panza, Ling Yang, Katia Vergetti Bloch, Vincenzo Capuano, Holly E. Syddall, Dong Zhao, Indah Suci Widyahening, Maria Lorenza Muiesan, Leng Huat Foo, Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad, Merete Osler, Laura Torres-Collado, Manu Raj, Adroaldo Cesar Araujo Gaya, Susi Kriemler, Ali Akbar Shayesteh, Aneta Grajda, Anette Varbo, Kazem Mohammad, Leila Beltrami Moreira, Shu Ti Chiou, Iuliia A Rusakova, Jyh Eiin Wong, Torben Jørgensen, Lela Sturua, Lubica Ticha, Hamid Hakimi, Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Yanina Zócalo, Freda Pitakaka, Savvas C. Savva, Rajeev Gupta, Jennifer Servais, Marie Kunešová, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Yannis Manios, Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña, Yufang Bi, Chinh Nguyen Huu, Sibel Gogen, Viviane Cunha Cardoso, Kristine H. Allin, Ana Azevedo, Line Tang Møllehave, Vincent Jr DeGennaro, Novie O. Younger-Coleman, Gretchen A Stevens, Dickman Gareta, Holger Theobald, Anja Schienkiewitz, Bekbolat Zholdin, Janice Luisa Lukrafka, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Ulla Roggenbuck, Kenisha Russell Jonsson, Robespierre Ribeiro, Gabriele Eiben, Eero Kajantie, Sounnia Mediene Benchekor, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Mary Simon, Prakash C. Gupta, Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh, Emanuela Gualdi-Russo, María Elena Díaz-Sánchez, Pilar Guallar-Castillón, Bee Koon Poh, Cristina Padez, Azaliia M Tuliakova, Sarah P. Garnett, William R. Tebar, Yingfeng Zheng, Suhad Bahijri, Christina Mavrogianni, Mihaela Vladulescu, Jan A. Staessen, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Rui Ornelas, Michael Sjöström, Charles Agyemang, Slawomir Koziel, Shohreh Naderimagham, Jari Jokelainen, Stephen T. 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Gudmundsson, Antonio Mistretta, Daniel Lemogoum, Nimmathota Arlappa, Isabelle Herter-Aeberli, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Shoichiro Tsugane, Kaosar Afsana, Alireza Sadjadi, Myriam Galfo, Jean Claude Mbanya, Bernardo L. Horta, Marleen E. Hendriks, M. Arfan Ikram, Fadia AlBuhairan, Huashuai Chen, Marzieh Katibeh, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Larissa Pruner Marques, Louise Eriksen, Aleksandra Gomula, Ricky Eddie, Maciej Banach, Jost B. Jonas, Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto, Slavica Sović, Charles Mondo, Felix Gutzwiller, Mariana Sbaraini, Aye Aye Sein, Henrike Galenkamp, Jaume Marrugat, Nazan Yardim, Cecilia Björkelund, Luigi Palmieri, Roya Kelishadi, Jie Mi, Nahla Hwalla, Jing Liu, Davide Noto, Panayiotis K. Yiallouros, Kelias P. Msyamboza, Judith Simons, Sofia Malyutina, Michele Monroy-Valle, Andres Metspalu, Lariane M Ono, Rafaela Rosário, Flora A. Ukoli, Efthymios Kapantais, Enzo Manzato, S. Goya Wannamethee, Alison J Price, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Ali Reza Safarpour, Erfan Ghasemi, Janine Clarke, René Charles Sylva, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud, Zhamyila Usupova, Chaoqiang Jiang, Julio Zuñiga Cisneros, Freja B Kampmann, Wei Cheng Lo, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Kaspar Staub, Mojtaba Farjam, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Garry L. Jennings, Fabio Galvano, Monika Zuziak, Karin De Ridder, Lucie Viet, Anna Bugge, Mehdi Yaseri, Safiah Md Yusof, Sandra C. Fuchs, Emmanuel Cohen, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Maria Ruiz-Castell, Karen Sparrenberger, Pedro Plans-Rubio, Wei Zheng, Eldridge Ferrer, Martijn Huisman, Maria Hassapidou, Iris Pigeot, Jakub Stokwiszewski, Domenico Palli, Ewelina Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ramiro Guerrero, Farzad Hadaegh, Han Cg Kemper, Saeid Safiri, Ivan Pećin, Arnaud Chiolero, Niels Møller, Jorge Bezerra, Ulrike Gehring, Iná S. Santos, Dénes Molnár, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Marie Moitry, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Jacqueline F. Price, Ranko Stevanovic, Sai Yin Ho, Georg Lappas, Alberto Palloni, Malay K. Mridha, Elaine M. Dennison, Jeonghee Lee, Saeid Eslami, Rahman Shiri, Japhet Killewo, Juergen Breckenkamp, Mathilde Kersting, Y Nikitin, Iqbal Bata, Geetha R Menon, Maria Avdicova, Sanjay Rampal, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva, Kirsten Mehlig, Chien-An Sun, Ramin Heshmat, Violeta Iotova, Stefaan Demarest, Mette Rasmussen, Dirk De Bacquer, San-Lin You, Suzanne N Morin, Martin Gulliford, Maties Torrent, Luc Dauchet, Fred Paccaud, Paibul Suriyawongpaisal, Sherali Rakhmatulloev, Hyeon Chang Kim, Markku Peltonen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Vera Musil, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Angela Chetrit, Dan Zhu, Gowri Mahasampath, Ulrich Keil, Sérgio Viana Peixoto, Haiquan Xu, Helle-Mai Loit, Valérie Deschamps, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Lijuan Liu, Marialaura Bonaccio, Altan Onat, Rody G. Sy, José María Huerta, Ko Ko Zaw, Akihiro Yoshihara, Peter Ueda, Belgin Ünal, Rachel Dankner, Andrzej Wiecek, Eman Aly, Ruzena Kubinova, Justina Vaitkeviciute, Hanna Tolonen, Priscilla Duboz, Orn Olafsson, Yin Guo, Chiara Donfrancesco, Salim Mohanna, Dusan Grafnetter, Daniel Weghuber, Ali Ahmadi, Rosemary B. Duda, E. Shyong Tai, Louise A. Baur, Nihal Thomas, Prabhdeep Kaur, Norlaila Mustafa, Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Liis Nelis, Badreya Al-Lahou, J. Jaime Miranda, Lèlita Santos, Aroor Bhagyalaxmi, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Jeannette Lee, Ahmad Reza Dorosty, Alain Morejon, Ying-Wei Wang, Jakob Tarp, Rosalba Rojas-Martínez, Luxia Zhang, Bahram Mohajer, Maja Bæksgaard Jørgensen, Jurate Klumbiene, Zhengming Chen, Ambady Ramachandran, Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez, Alisha N. Wade, Suyeon Park, Janne Schurmann Tolstrup, Lucjan Szponar, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Tahir Aris, Mahfuzar Rahman, Dorja Vočanec, Juan P. González-Rivas, Rob M. van Dam, Daniel Bia, Oonagh Markey, Ryutaro Ohtsuka, Kumiko Ohara, Ričardas Radišauskas, Jurate Medzioniene, Tiina Vlasoff, Tania Tello, Suzanne C. Ho, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao, May Soe Aung, Vesselka Duleva, Michael Hobbs, Lutgarde Thijs, Marjolein Visser, Parasmani Dasgupta, Inge Huybrechts, Raimund Erbel, Alice Bonilla-Vargas, Hermann Brenner, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Jolanda Hyska, Roman Topor-Madry, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Merike Liivak, Eruke E. Egbagbe, Mathilde Savy, Herculina S. Kruger, Neil Murphy, Vinay Nangia, Cesar G. Victora, Mostafa K. Mohamed, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Gabriella Gruden, Marcos André Moura-dos-Santos, Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh, Maria Teresa Menzano, Francesco Branca, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Elena Bogova, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Maroje Sorić, Aleksander Giwercman, Elżbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Tatjana Hejgaard, Yves Kameli, Margarita Samoutian, Andreia N. Pizarro, Jin Soo Moon, Frank Claessens, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Frank Tanser, Nor Azwany Yaacob, Vanina Bongard, Gregor Jurak, Johan G. Eriksson, Christina-Paulina Lambrinou, Hanspeter Stamm, Kim Overvad, Yanping Li, Carsten Oliver Schmidt, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Wichai Aekplakorn, Anwar Batieha, Eduardo Capuano, Teresa Haugsgjerd, Jeremy M. Jacobs, Paola Russo, Nguyen D Nguyen, Luis Revilla, Hossein Poustchi, Farid Najafi, Giovanni de Gaetano, Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar, Paul Elliott, Denise Eldemire-Shearer, Angela Döring, Giovanni Viegi, Xiaoguang Yang, María-Elena González-Villalpando, Maria Puiu, Maria Benedetta Donati, Andrew Wong, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Carlos P. Boissonnet, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Mahmudur Rahman, Günther Fink, Marcia Makdisse, Dragana P Jovic, Aline Wagner, Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani, Pascal Bovet, Dong Wook Kim, Tom Wilsgaard, Anders Grøntved, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Antonia Trichopoulou, Noushin Mohammadifard, Igor Spiroski, Natasja M. van Schoor, Cláudia S. Minderico, Betina H. Thuesen, Queenie Chan, Ulf Ekelund, Laura A. Rodríguez-Villamizar, Line Lund Kårhus, Cihangir Erem, Amina Barkat, Maria Paula Santos, Fernanda Cunha Soares, Constanta Huidumac Petrescu, Allan G. Hill, Honor Bixby, Benoît Salanave, Joana Carvalho, Maigeng Zhou, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Roy A Wong-McClure, Kim F. Michaelsen, Doris Stöckl, Rosalynn Siantar, Jouko Saramies, José R. Banegas, Quang Ngoc La, Uruwan Yamborisut, Parinaz Mehdipour, Farhad Pourfarzi, Sudha Ramachandra Rao, Katsuyasu Kouda, Chien-Jen Chen, Rafael dos Santos Henrique, Martin Nankap, Allan Linneberg, Ronald D. Gregor, Rudolf Kaaks, Maria do Carmo Franco, Marta García-Solano, Beata Gurzkowska, Bahman Cheraghian, Stefaan De Henauw, Daniel Ferrante, Johanna A. Otero, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Antonio Pedro Graça, Sumit Bharadwaj, Shiqi Zhen, Xiu-Hua Guo, Prashant Mathur, Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias, Kouamelan Doua, Esteban Carmuega, Majid Shirani, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Petra Rust, Visnja Djordjic, Farahnaz Joukar, Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir, Leila Houti, Nayu Ikeda, Imperia Brajkovich, Amirabbas Momenan, Erik J. Timmermans, Marcin Rutkowski, Biruta Velika, Joana Araújo, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Christa L. Lilly, Per Tynelius, Michael Tornaritis, Anne Juolevi, Fatima Zahra Laamiri, Carl Lachat, Kai-Uwe Saum, Espen Bjertness, Ana P. Ortiz, Joel G. R. Roy, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Michelle Holdsworth, Niels Wedderkopp, Johan Van der Heyden, Mukharram M. Bikbov, Hsien-Ho Lin, Eva Corpeleijn, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Mohammad Reza Mirjalili, Maria del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Michala Lustigová, Tuyen D Le, Teresa Norat, Hana Zamrazilová, Garry Brian, Tien Yin Wong, Rosa Haghshenas, Clive Osmond, Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Vilma Irazola, Olli T. Raitakari, Marco Aurélio Peres, Terho Lehtimäki, Shuohua Chen, Dimitrios Papandreou, Robert J. Adams, Sigmund A. Anderssen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Luisa M Macieira, Félicité Tchibindat, Lital Keinan Boker, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Morten Sodemann, Jytte Halkjær, Zbigniew Kułaga, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Farshad Farzadfar, N Capkova, Zumin Shi, Maria Turley, Zbigniew Gaciong, Giovanni Veronesi, Martin McKee, Veikko Salomaa, Gilad Twig, Elisabetta L. Romeo, Peter Kristensen, Grazyna Jasienska, Victor Guillermo Sequera, Mario V. Capanzana, Con Burns, Emanuela Pettenuzzo, Ming-Dong Wang, Jonathan Giovannelli, Stela McLachlan, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Stefania Toselli, Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto, Senthil K Vasan, Sara Schramm, Xenophon Theodoridis, Moyses Szklo, Ramfis Nieto-Martínez, Viswanathan Mohan, Guillermo Frontera, Rahul Malhotra, Thomas Ferrao, Dongfeng Gu, Tomas Vega, Hynek Pikhart, Päivi Mäki, Heba Fouad, Vilnis Dzerve, Christina Howitt, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri, Jenny M. Kindblom, Marjolijn C. E. Bragt, G. K. Mini, Qian Wang, Liufu Cui, Andrzej Galbarczyk, Sylvain Sebert, Vilmundur Gudnason, Loreto Santa Marina, Kairat Davletov, Afshin Ostovar, Niloofar Peykari, Nicholas J. Wareham, Wilma M. Hopman, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Jussi Kauhanen, Breige A. McNulty, Alina Kerimkulova, Youcef Laid, Claes Ohlsson, Stefan Kiechl, Alicia Matijasevich, Boban Mugoša, Srinivasan Kannan, Jyrki K. Virtanen, Mohan Deepa, Mangesh S. Pednekar, Shahla AlDhukair, Cynthia M. Pérez, Vera Lanska, Tint Swe Latt, Dominique Hange, João Luiz Bastos, Eliza Markidou Ioannidou, Leticia Hernandez Cadena, Maya Tanrygulyyeva, Reza Malekzadeh, Dimitrios Poulimeneas, Pedro Ordunez, Thomas Waldhör, Ioannis Pagkalos, Carlo M. Barbagallo, Abla M. Sibai, Peter Vollenweider, Asher Fawwad, Emily Sonestedt, Elena Pahomova, Santosh K. Bhargava, Patrick Kolsteren, Aya Mostafa, Fangfang Chen, Flavio Nervi, Imre Janszky, Arvind Pandey, Renata Cifkova, Alexandre C. Pereira, Alejandro Diaz, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Rachakulla Hari Kumar, Jaakko Mursu, Luis A. Moreno, Glen Gironella, Jelena Kos, Tilema Cama, Haakon E. Meyer, Jun Ma, Raphael E. Arku, Ziad Abdeen, Rusidah Selamat, Dianna J. Magliano, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Konstantinos Gkiouras, Paul Korrovits, Paola Nardone, Paolo Vineis, Kotsedi D Monyeki, Khuong Quynh Long, Alberto Barceló, Camilla T. Damsgaard, Constance Schultsz, Frank J Rühli, Santiago F. Gomez, Tara Coppinger, Muhammad Islam, Pierre Traissac, Eleonora d'Orsi, Irfan Nuhoglu, Rui Providência, Bernard Maire, Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Sinead Brophy, Daniela Pierannunzio, Cristina Taddei, Wen-Harn Pan, Gregor Starc, Abdullah Alkandari, Saeed Dastgiri, Lien Braeckevelt, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Sudhir Kowlessur, Bagher Larijani, Cynthia Robitaille, Mohamed M. Ali, Steiner Krokstad, Noor Ani Ahmad, Anar Dushpanova, Agustinus Soemantri, Susana Sans, Ionela Pascanu, Gwenaëlle Le Coroller, Inger Ariansen, Abhijit Sen, Sergej M. Ostojic, Silvana Donoso, Felix K. Assah, Juan A Rivera, Peter H. Whincup, Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea, Hanan F. Abdul Rahim, Yadlapalli S. Kusuma, Michael Knoflach, Moein Yoosefi, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Paul Ferdinand M. Reganit, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Francesco Gianfagna, Stefania Maggi, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Behrooz Hamzeh, Bethlehem D. Solomon, Herman Borghs, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Heidi Klakk, Akram Pourshams, Naomi S. Levitt, Miquel Porta, Vesna Jureša, Alexander D. Deev, Son Thai Pham, Paula Margozzini, Silvia Bel-Serrat, Dora Romaguera, Monira Alarouj, Winsome R. Parnell, Marloes Cardol, David Faeh, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Giota Touloumi, Maryam Kavousi, Sanja Musić Milanović, Jalila El Ati, Sauli Herrala, Liang Xu, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Ian Hambleton, Stefan Savin, Andre Pascal Kengne, R. Krishna Kumar, Kurt Widhalm, Marco M Ferrario, Parisa Amiri, Yi Song, Jianfeng Wu, Jeannette Klimont, Jean Ferrières, Farhad Zamani, Shina Avi, Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas, Aluísio J D Barros, Reecha Sofat, Koen Van Herck, Hoang Van Minh, Enrique Gutiérrez-González, Martine Vrijheid, Susana Cararo Confortin, Antonis Zampelas, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Ausra Petrauskiene, Juha Auvinen, Maryam Sharafkhah, Emanuel Zitt, Majid Ezzati, Young-Ho Khang, Ellina Rakhimova, Magdalena Klimek, Luís Lopes, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Maria Lc Iurilli, Günay Can, Mark Woodward, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Ahmed A. Madar, Rainford J. Wilks, Shoaib Afzal, Melanie J. Cowan, Gareth Stratton, Eduardo Salazar Martinez, Sameer Narake, Norie Sawada, Li Juan Wu, Adrian Richter, Licia Iacoviello, Hanno Ulmer, Deepak Amarapurkar, Mohsen Ibrahim, Hamed Pouraram, Massimo Salvetti, Hung-Kwan So, Yonghua Hu, Lars Ängquist, Thi Tuyet-Hanh Tran, Charles Lunogelo, Sabina Zambon, Angelika Schaffrath Rosario, Lauren Lissner, Kamarul Imran Musa, Deepa Weerasekera, Bihungum Bista, Takafumi Ishida, Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener, Mirjam M. Heinen, Tazeen H. Jafar, Semánová Csilla, Raija Korpelainen, Edward W. Gregg, Laura Gutierrez, Victor M. Herrera, Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Shouling Wu, Jennifer L. Baker, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Irene G. M. van Valkengoed, Anna Fijałkowska, Meghnath Dhimal, Murat Topbaş, George Moschonis, Robert Eggertsen, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Janette Walton, Elnaz Faramarzi, Nasheeta Peer, Radka Taxová Braunerová, Harald Geiger, Morteza Shamshirgaran, Lela Shengelia, María Ángeles Dal Re Saavedra, Khem Bahadur Karki, Timothy J. Key, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Susana Vale, Bernhard O. Boehm, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Iveta Pudule, Elisabete Ramos, Lacramioara Aurelia Brinduse, Paul H. Lee, Terence W O'Neill, Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Margus Punab, Bojan Jelaković, Eliza Cinteza, Ha Tp Do, and Alison J. Hayes
Subjects: education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, Distribution (economics), medicine.disease, Obesity, Geography, medicine, Underweight, medicine.symptom, education, business, Body mass index, Demography
Published: 2020
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49. Impact of Substance P and αCGRP on articular chondrocytes from osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic donors

Author: S Grässelb, A Pasoldt, J Götz, Brian Johnstone, and Sabine Stöckl
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, chemistry, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Substance P, business
Published: 2020
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50. First Results of a National External Quality Assessment Scheme for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences

Author: Bernhard Benka, Heidemarie Holzmann, Irene Görzer, Stephan W. Aberle, P. Chiba, Jeremy V. Camp, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, and Ch. Buchta
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Laboratory Proficiency Testing, medicine.medical_specialty, COVID-19 Vaccines, Standardization, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Molecular test, Pneumonia, Viral, 030106 microbiology, COVID-19 pandemic, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Genome, Article, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, COVID-19 Testing, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, External quality assessment, medicine, Humans, Medical physics, 030212 general & internal medicine, Diagnostic Errors, Evaluation, Pandemics, Reliability (statistics), Clinical Laboratory Techniques, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Consumer protection, Test (assessment), Infectious Diseases, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Austria, External Quality Assessment, Standardisation, Coronavirus Infections, business, Quality assurance
Abstract: Highlights • Implementation of SARS-CoV-2 genome testing by numerous laboratories in Austria • Broad range of combinations of nucleic acid extraction and RT-PCR methods • Variable analytical performance of different protocols • Good performance of some analytical setups • Potential for optimisation of pre-RT-PCR dilution steps, Background Broad and decentralised testing of SARS-CoV-2 RNA genomes is a WHOrecommended strategy to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic by identifying infected cases in order to minimize onward transmission. With the need to increase the test capacities in Austria, nation-wide numerous laboratories rapidly implemented assays for molecular detection of SARSCoV-2 based on real-time RT-PCR assays. The objective of this study was to monitor reliability of the laboratory results for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection through an external quality assessment (EQA) scheme. Methods For this, the Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna was tasked by the Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection to perform the first Austrian EQA on SARS-CoV-2 which was organised in cooperation with the Austrian Association for Quality Assurance and Standardization of Medical and Diagnostic Tests (ÖQUASTA). Data were analysed on the basis of qualitative outcome of testing in relation to the nucleic acid (NA) extraction and detection methods used. Results and Conclusion A total of 52 laboratories participated, contributing results from 67 test panels comprising 42 distinct combinations of NA extraction and PCR reagents. By testing 3 positive (CT values: S1, 28.4; S2, 33.6; S3, 38.5) and 1 negative sample, no false-positive results were obtained by any of the laboratories. Otherwise, 40/67 tests (60%) detected all positive samples correctly as positive, but 25/67 tests (37%) did not detect the weakest positive sample (S3), and 3% reported S2 and S3 as falsenegative. Improvement in test sensitivity by focusing on NA extraction and/or PCR-based detection is recommended.
Published: 2020

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