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The Grid-Characteristic numerical Method (GCM) that is quite common in solving aero and hydrodynamic problems can also be applied for mechanics of solids. It allows to implement complex border and contact conditions, including the non-reflecting border and the destructible contact. Both this conditions are very important for the precise and effective modeling of Low-Velocity Impacts (LVI) on fiber and Fiber-Metal Laminates (FML) and the resulting Barely Visible Impact Damage (BVID) that influences the residual strength of a composite aircraft part. BVID is the type of damage that is not visible by the naked eye and can be hardly detected by a standard ultrasound equipment that is used for regular maintenance. It can appear during any weak impacts like bird strike or hail. Determining its influence on the residual strength of the part is very important to define the priorities of development of ultrasound diagnostics. In this paper, the GCM was applied for a full cycle of loading of an FML aircraft cover part. The FML consisted of a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and a single titanium layer on the upper surface. The cycle of loading in a single calculation consisted of an LVI caused by a small striker and a comparatively slow compressive in-plane loading. Three-dimensional patterns of velocity and stress distributions over the time of calculation are given. Destruction patterns, obtained via the Hashin failure criterion are given and analyzed.

The paper presents COMET software which enables to design steel structural joints widely used in civil and industrial engineering. Algorithm for designing each joint prototype has been presented as a set of operations implementing the rules for determining the interrelated values of the joint parameters. Each prototype is developed as an independent program that performs a full cycle of designing the joint and verification of the joint parameters according to the specified design codes. Searching of unknown joint parameters has been transformed to a decision making problem based on analysis of the joint mathematical model. Automatic searching of unknown joint parameters has been implemented as a multiple targeted improvement of a certain initial joint design in order to satisfy load-carrying capacity constraints taking into account the structural and assortment-based constraints. Multiple improvement of current joint design is performed on the basis of sensitivity analysis relative to variation of governing joint parameters.

To analyze the effects of finite computational precision on the dynamical degradation of digital chaotic maps, we designed a periodic orbit detection algorithm that is based on a functional graph. The algorithm can calculate the transient length of each chaotic orbit, weak secret keys, fixed points and the period distribution of digital chaotic systems with various limited computational precisions accurately. Furthermore, an effective method based on quadratic congruential generator is proposed to counteract the performance degradation of digital chaos. Based on the method, a new chaotic model can be constructed with full cycle. Numerical experiments are carried out to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed scheme in terms of phase portrait, autocorrelation function, complexity and periodicity analysis. Finally, as an application, a pseudorandom bit generator with satisfactory performance is designed for chaotic secure communication.

The entire cycle of strength tests of the aircraft structure requires large expenditures of time and effort attributed to the manufacture of two full-size aircraft structures and two test rigs. The pace of development of modern aviation technology dictates strict requirements for timing and quality of testing, which allows us to ensure competitiveness in the world aircraft market. Therefore, when conducting a full cycle tests, shortening of the testing period becomes of particular importance. We consider a novel approach to strength testing of a full-scale transport aircraft structure which consists in static and fatigue tests carried out on the same object. The developed approach was tried out when testing the full-scale wing structure of a transport aircraft. The tests were carried out on a set-up that allowed reproducing both cases of static loading and variable loads of flight cycles. At the first stage, the static strength was proved by the results of finite-element calculation of the stress state of the structure at ultimate loads using a model verified by the strain measurements of one of the wing consoles under limit loads, as well as by testing typical and critical airframe elements. Samples of full-scale panels were additionally tested for buckling to confirm the load capacity of the upper wing panels. Fatigue tests were carried out in the time span of two design service life. The obtained results showed the possibility of conducting both static and fatigue tests using one and the same full-scale aircraft structure.

Background: Value Based Health Care (VBHC) is a well-known strategy in most countries, amongst whom the Netherlands, to improve patient-relevant outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. However, a met...

Simulation of Computing Systems plays a crucial role in state-of-the-art design validation and optimization methodologies. Traditionally, Register Transfer-Level (RTL) simulation is a well-established approach to perform performance analysis as well as functional validation. However, more agile simulation and emulation methodologies are required for architectural exploration and optimization, given the always increasing complexity of parallel processors, including those designed for ultra-low power IoT end-nodes. Architectural simulators are the most commonly used tools to explore parallel computing architectures. Nevertheless, they are often not accurate enough to identify and quantify system-level performance bottlenecks, such as access to external peripherals or contentions on shared resources. In this context, FPGA logic emulation is gaining increasing popularity. In this paper, we exploit and introduce a “Hardware-in-the-loop” framework that eases HW/SW co-design of Parallel-ultra-low power IoT processors by enabling the analysis of the full cyber-physical loop from sensing to actuation. We use the proposed methodology to carry out $\mu$ Architectural optimizations and to demonstrate performance improvements on two real-life end-to-end applications with full hardware in the loop emulation. Our results show that we can run workloads on real-life applications more than 3’000 times faster than cycle-accurate RTL, and with speed similar to instruction accurate simulators but with full cycle accuracy.

Aim 1. Assess performance in surgical handovers at Southampton General Hospital (SGH) against RCS ‘Safe Handover’ guidelines Identify any areas for improvement to ensure safe and effective handover of surgical patients Method 10 evening surgical handovers were anonymously audited In October 2019 against RCS ‘safe handover’ guidelines. The results were subsequently analysed and circulated amongst the surgical department. Handovers were then led consistently by surgical registrars and advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs). A prompt including the RCS handover guidelines was made and distributed to all members of the surgical team and included in departmental inductions. Following this, a further 10 evening handovers were anonymously audited between July and August 2020. Results Many aspects of handover performance descriptors described by the RCS in the re-audit improved following the circulation of our prompt including RCS handover guidelines and examples of minimum or good standards of practice for handover. Specifically, handover timeliness, the briefings provided (100% from 70%), the audibility of a single speaker (70% from 30%), the number of educational discussions held during handovers (100% from 50%) and awareness of the on-call overnight consultant (100% from 80%) all vastly improved. Conclusions Emphasis on undertaking effective handovers needs to continue as ‘safe' handovers between shifts can protect both patient and doctor safety. This is especially true following the implementation of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) and a move to full shift working. Handovers are also proposed as opportunities for training which may be helpful especially in an era of reduced hours of surgical training.

Aim The BSSH standards of care in hand trauma emphasise the importance of accurate and comprehensive documentation. This quality improvement project aimed to evaluate whether an electronic proforma could improve documentation rates in hand trauma. Method This prospective, closed-loop audit involved two cycles of seven consecutive days. Outcomes were evaluated against BSSH standards of care using 15 data points. Pre-audit, a bespoke proforma was piloted in the hand trauma clinic and revised following feedback. In the first cycle (‘Loop 1’), documentation in the hand trauma clinic was compared with that of the acute take, where clinicians were still using free text. The second cycle (‘Loop 2’) compared documentation pre- and post-introduction of the proforma within the acute take setting. Categorical data were interrogated using the χ2 test with significance set at p Results 122 patients were included in the Loop 1 dataset. Free text clerking quality varied between clinician groups (e.g., surgical trainees significantly outperformed advanced nurse practitioners in 5/15 data points); however, some data points were universally poorly documented. 99 patients were included in the Loop 2 dataset. There was excellent uptake of the proforma in both acute take (95%) and hand trauma clinic (100%) settings. Statistically significant improvements were seen in 11/15 data points following the introduction of the proforma. Conclusions This project demonstrates that the introduction of a hand trauma clerking proforma led to significant improvements in documentation quality. The proforma has now been developed into a Trust-wide ClinDoc which brings additional benefits in terms of research, audit and service evaluation.

Crowded trades are often associated with bubbles. If investors can locate a bubble sufficiently early, they can profit from the run-up in prices. But to profit from a bubble, investors must exit the bubble before the sell-off erodes all of the profits. The authors propose two measures for managing exposure to bubbles. One measure, called asset centrality, locates crowded trading, which they show is often associated with the formation of bubbles. The other is a measure of relative value, which helps to separate crowding that occurs during a bubble’s run-up from crowding that occurs during a bubble’s sell-off. Neither measure by itself is sufficient for identifying the full cycle of a bubble, but the authors show that together these measures have the potential to locate bubbles in sectors and in factors as they begin to emerge and to identify exit points before they fully deflate. TOPICS:Portfolio construction, factors, risk premia, risk management

Cykl koniunkturalny w rolnictwie jest zagadnieniem ważnym i jednocześnie złożonym, gdyż wpływają na niego, obok czynników ekonomicznych, także zmiany przyrodnicze i uwarunkowania biologiczne. Opracowanie ma charakter empiryczny. Jego głównym celem jest zidentyfikowanie powtarzających się cech rolnego cyklu koniunkturalnego, które dotyczą zmian produkcji i cen. Na podstawie produkcji końcowej rolnictwa stwierdzono, iż w latach 2001–2015 długość pełnego cyklu wynosiła od 4 do 6 lat. Długość fazy wzrostowej od 2 do 4 lat, spadkowej zaś 1–2 lata. Amplituda wszystkich cykli opartych na danych rocznych była zbliżona do zera. W każdej fazie wzrostowej nastąpił skumulowany wzrost globalnej i końcowej produkcji rolniczej. Wzrosty w fazie lepszej koniunktury były znacznie większe niż spadki w gorszym okresie. Jedyną powtarzającą się cechą zmian wartości dodanej brutto był jej względny łączny wzrost w fazie wzrostowej w odniesieniu do łącznych zmian w fazie spadkowej. Przeciętne roczne oraz skumulowane dane wskazują, że dynamika cen w fazie lepszej koniunktury była zawsze większa niż dynamika w okresie gorszej koniunktury. W każdej fazie wzrostowej ceny w ujęciu skumulowanym wzrastały, w fazie spadkowej zaś najczęściej nieznacznie zmniejszały się. Ceny produkcji globalnej rolnictwa były w ujęciu rocznym bardziej dynamiczne i zmienne niż jej realne wartości. Natomiast skumulowane dynamiki cen i wartości produkcji w poszczególnych fazach cyklu rolnego zachowywały się bardzo podobnie. Przeciętne nożyce cen we wszystkich fazach wzrostowych oraz prawie we wszystkich fazach spadkowych były niekorzystne dla rolników.

Introduction. Analysis of existing foreign and Russian project management maturity models revealed the absence of tools for assessing the maturity of project management, which would take into account the specifics of the functioning of engineering companies and the implementation of engineering projects. The uniformity of such models limits the list of evaluated aspects of project management, which does not allow to fully cover the project management processes operating in engineering companies. Such processes should include engineering, management of intangible assets, control and acceptance of the results of engineering works, management of construction and installation works, and so on. To solve the problem, it is necessary to develop special tools for the assessment and development of project management, which will take into account engineering-specific processes. The toolkit will allow to quantify the degree of implementation of the project approach to the activities of an engineering company and to plan the continuous improvement of the processes and tools of project management in it. The subject of the research is the development of tools for assessing and developing project-oriented management in a full-cycle engineering company. Materials and methods. Applied the method of comparative analysis, survey method and method of semi-structured interviews. Results. The article formulates the features of project management in engineering companies. The main types of maturity models of project management are considered, their distinctive features are revealed. Tools for the evaluation and development of project management for the Russian engineering company full cycle are formulated. The assessment of the levels of formalization of project management processes was carried out, their current and target states were determined. Set of measures for the development of processes and tools of project management is planned. Conclusions. The toolkit for project management evaluation and development proposed in the article allows to carry out structural analysis of project management processes and the level of their formalization, to implement improvements based on the results of evaluation not only in the engineering company under consideration, but also in project-oriented organizations implementing similar projects.

This work presents a platform for evolution of morphology in full cycle reconfigurable hardware: The EMERGE (Easy Modular Embodied Robot Generator) modular robot platform. Three parts necessary to implement a full cycle process, i.e., assembling the modules in morphologies, testing the morphologies, disassembling modules and repeating, are described as a previous step to testing a fully autonomous system: the mechanical design of the EMERGE module, extensive tests of the modules by first assembling them manually, and automatic assembly and disassembly tests. EMERGE modules are designed to be easy and fast to build, one module is built in half an hour and is constructed from off-the-shelf and 3D printed parts. Thanks to magnetic connectors, modules are quickly attached and detached to assemble and reconfigure robot morphologies. To test the performance of real EMERGE modules, 30 different morphologies are evolved in simulation, transferred to reality, and tested 10 times. Manual assembly of these morphologies is aided by a visual guiding tool that uses AprilTag markers to check the real modules positions in the morphology against their simulated counterparts and provides a color feedback. Assembly time takes under 5 min for robots with fewer than 10 modules and increases linearly with the number of modules in the morphology. Tests show that real EMERGE morphologies can reproduce the performance of their simulated counterparts, considering the reality gap. Results also show that magnetic connectors allow modules to disconnect in case of being subjected to high external torques that could damage them otherwise. Module tracking combined with their easy assembly and disassembly feature enable EMERGE modules to be also reconfigured using an external robotic manipulator. Experiments demonstrate that it is possible to attach and detach modules from a morphology, as well as release the module from the manipulator using a passive magnetic gripper. This shows that running a completely autonomous, evolution of morphology in full cycle reconfigurable hardware of different topologies for robots is possible and on the verge of being realized. We discuss EMERGE features and the trade-off between reusability and morphological variability among different approaches to physically implement evolved robots.

Background Supracondylar fractures. Most common childhood elbow fracture. Can be difficult to manage. Risk of significant complications Method Results • NV documentation, 2018:2019, Improved (36%à45%), Inadequate (45%) in comparison to BOAST guideline. Night ops • Appropriate as per BOAST guideline Surgical technique Conclusions Recommendations

The basic requirement of rehabilitation training is active participation. This paper introduces our braincomputer interface based robot gives spinal cord injury (SCI) patients a full-cycle active rehabilitation for the first time. For patients with muscle strength level 0, we use brain-computer interface to recognize active motion intention of brain, which control the running speed of robot. For patients with muscle strength greater than level 0, we combine brain-computer interface and torque sensor to realize assistance and resistance training with the active participation of the brain. Integrated brain-computer interface control and force control, we achieved the active participation of patients from muscle strength 0 to muscle strength 4 throughout the rehabilitation cycle. Two typical SCI patients took part in the training, with an average of more than three-quarters of their 20-minute rehabilitation sessions active. After 2 weeks training, both patients had positive rehabilitation effects.

The main factors influencing the formation of the main component of strategic marketing of the full cycle "customer journey" in terms of omnichannel strategy of retail networks were analyzed. The main aspects of obtaining customer experience and changes were discovered by identifying customers points of contact with the retail network on the possibility of appropriate changes in the marketing strategy of retail networks and their further adaptation to customer needs. Approaches to the study of customer experience and the application of the results of analysis in the communication strategy of trade enterprises in close connection with marketing channels were systematized. The "customer journey" schemes are constructed, which reflects the possible direction of movement from occurence of the need to the purchase using digital marketing channels. The results of estimating frequency of respondents' use of different variants of the "customer journey" with the confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the choice of optical strategy were presented.

This paper describes the mechanical design of a humanoid lower limb driven by Series Elastic Actuator (SEA). The design is based upon the frame of the commercial UXA-90 humanoid, with the conventional rotation joints in spatial plane are replaced by SEA. A modular design of SEA is adopted for each specific joint (ankle, knee and hip) so that different walking patterns can be applied to the humanoid for more flexible movement. Moreover, by introducing the elastic element in the actuator, the humanoid can achieve higher fidelity of force control and better tolerance to shocks load during full cycle gaits. A prototype of the humanoid is built and then used to conduct experiment in two different cases: hanging in the air for free load conditions and performing step forward for fully load conditions. The experimental results validate the capability of the design and evaluate the performance of the actuators.

Introduction Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a gold standard method to evaluate functional lesion severity in daily clinical practice. Recently, the resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) which was newly developed resting indices was launched. Unlike other resting indices evaluated in diastolic phase, RFR is evaluated during entire cardiac phase. Previous studies showed discordance predictors between FFR and instantaneous wave-free ratio. However, it is previously unreported what predictor cause discordant outcome between FFR and RFR. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical predictors of discordance between FFR and RFR. Methods A total of 156 patients with 220 lesions were prospectively enrolled in this study. RFR was evaluated before inducing hyperemia. FFR was measured after intravenous adenosine triphosphate administration (180 mcg/kg/min). According to FFR and RFR values, the patients and lesions were classified into 4 groups: Concordant negative (Group-1 [n=114]: FFR >0.80, RFR >0.89); negative FFR and positive RFR (Group-2 [n=18]: FFR >0.80, RFR ≤0.89); positive FFR and negative RFR (Group-3 [n=25]: FFR ≤0.80, RFR >0.89); Concordant positive (Group-4 [n=63]: FFR ≤0.80, RFR ≤0.89). Among them, discordance predictors with clinical characteristics between RFR and FFR were compared using by two separate logistic regression analyses. (Group-1 vs. Group-2, Group-3 vs. Group-4, respectively). Age, sex and those predictors with a p value ≤0.10 were included in a multivariate regression analysis using by forward stepwise selection to identify independent predictors of discordance. Results On multiple regression analysis, hemodialysis (HD) (OR:6.072 [1.090–33.836]), peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR:9.053 [1.776–46.162]) and left anterior descending artery (LAD) (OR:9.264 [2.092–41.031]) were significantly associated with positive RFR among negative FFR groups (Groupe 2 discordance). Conversely, diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR:0.212 [0.062–0.721]) and Hb (OR:1.480 [1.102–1.987]) were significantly associated with negative RFR among positive FFR groups (Groupe 3 discordance) Conclusions Since the clinical characteristics with HD, PAD, LAD, DM and Hb may influence concordant with FFR during RFR evaluation, it should be considered when interpreting RFR. Distribution and independent predictors Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Demand-side bidding often applies stochastic models to deal with the price uncertainty. These models, due to computational complexity concerns, are only able to consider some clustered price scenarios rather than the original and large scenario set. Many bidding researches pay little attention to the clustering quality issue, which might greatly influence the model outputs. To bridge the gap, this paper proposes a full-cycle perspective that we can boost the clustering quality by improving the data preparation and selection steps with guidance from some application-specific properties. An enhanced dataset and an improved selection criteria are then proposed to search for more adaptable scenarios for the stochastic bidding tasks. Our findings provide some new insights to understand the scenario clustering for a typical bidding application, which can be readily extended to other research fields. Finally, the numerical tests validate the efficiency and robustness of proposed clustering methods.

Battery state monitoring and cell balancing are crucial requirements to achieve full cycle life of lithium-ion battery systems especially in EV/HEV applications to improve the overall efficiency of the system. This paper proposes a novel modular balancing system with a single balancing circuitry, and the performance of the proposed method is validated under MATLAB Simulink environment. A four-module battery system with three cells in each module is considered for simulation-based performance analysis. Through this new topology, balancing can be achieved in an efficient manner.

Background Nonhyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) such as instantaneous wave‐free ratio, resting full‐cycle ratio, or diastolic pressure ratio have emerged as invasive physiologic indices precluding the need for hyperemic agents. The current study sought to evaluate the long‐term prognostic implications of NHPRs compared with fractional flow reserve (FFR). Methods and Results NHPRs were calculated from resting pressure tracings by an independent core laboratory in 1024 vessels (435 patients). The association between NHPRs and the risk of 5‐year vessel‐oriented composite outcomes (VOCO, a composite of cardiac death, vessel‐related myocardial infarction, and ischemia‐driven revascularization) were analyzed among 864 deferred vessels. Lesions with positive NHPRs (instantaneous wave free ratio, resting full‐cycle ratio, and diastolic pressure ratio ≤0.89) or FFR (≤0.80) showed significantly higher risk of VOCO at 5 years than those with negative NHPRs or FFR, respectively. Discriminant ability for 5‐year VOCO was not different among NHPRs and FFR (C‐index: 0.623–0.641, P for comparison=0.215). In comparison of VOCO among the groups with deferred concordant negative (NHPRs−/FFR−), deferred discordant (NHPRs+/FFR− or NHPRs−/FFR+), and revascularized vessels, the cumulative incidence of VOCO were 7.5%, 14.4%, and 14.8% (log‐rank P P =0.964). Conclusions Currently available invasive pressure‐derived indices showed similar prognostic implications for vessel‐related events at 5 years. Deferred lesions with discordant results between NHPRs and FFR did not show higher risk of vessel‐related events at 5 years than revascularized vessels. Registration URL: https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov ; Unique identifiers: NCT01621438, NCT01621438.

This paper covers the design and implementation of an accurate, yet flexible test system for Lithium-Ion batteries. The system makes use of linear charge and discharge circuitry to ensure a low noise control, and can support the simultaneous and independent testing of six cells. The system is controlled and data collected by specialist MatLab© software with a user-friendly GUI. Experimental data is processed within the same environment to obtain the desired information. The system makes use of Full Cycle Coulomb Counting and Pulsed DC Load Analysis to obtain estimates for the State of Health (SoH) and State of Charge (SoC) of various cells, and to examine the effect of different use cases on cell performance through repeated testing.

Internet of Things (IoT) learning involves the acquisition of transversal skills ranging from the development based on IoT devices and sensors (edge computing) to the connection of the devices themselves to management environments that allow the storage and processing (cloud computing) of data generated by sensors. The usual development cycle for IoT applications consists of the following three stages: stage 1 corresponds to the description of the devices and basic interaction with sensors. In stage 2, data acquired by the devices/sensors are employed by communication models from the origin edge to the management middleware in the cloud. Finally, stage 3 focuses on processing and presentation models. These models present the most relevant indicators for IoT devices and sensors. Students must acquire all the necessary skills and abilities to understand and develop these types of applications, so lecturers need an infrastructure to enable the learning of development of full IoT applications. A Web of Things (WoT) platform named Labs of Things at UNED (LoT@UNED) has been used for this goal. This paper shows the fundamentals and features of this infrastructure, and how the different phases of the full development cycle of solutions in IoT environments are implemented using LoT@UNED. The proposed system has been tested in several computer science subjects. Students can perform remote experimentation with a collaborative WoT learning environment in the cloud, including the possibility to analyze the generated data by IoT sensors.

This paper describe the study for assessing the accuracy of positioning and orientation for a developed visual positioning system, based on the already known methods. The main restrictions for the use of vision systems in the automatic control cycle, including with an increase in the number of observed objects, are revealed. The accuracy of positioning was estimated on the basis of AR tags and color blobs. The authors presented its hybrid marker for speed detection comparable with known analogues. A prototype of the developed mobile robot and the principle of automatic control for motion without collisions in the environment with moving objects are demonstrated. A full cycle of the developed control system with estimates of time delays at each stage is described. As a result, the most acceptable configuration of hardware and software for the task was selected.

The paper presents comparative schemes of classical production of complex products and their manufacturing with using additive technologies, including the main positive and negative aspects of using additive technologies. The article listes the main technologies of additive manufacturing of products, indicating the specifics of their application. The paper describes the methods of production and properties of powder materials. The spheroidization technology of powder materials and its post-processes is described. The article presents the concept of full cycle additive manufacturing. The basic software packages for modeling the processes of additive production of products from various metal systems are presented.

QEMU is a widely used and fairly accurate emulator capable of emulating dozens of guest systems. Emulation of the system involves the configuration of virtual devices, which are supported in large numbers in QEMU, which entails a very long and complicated command line to start the emulator. When using deterministic replay, the situation is complicated not only by additional and not quite obvious parameters, but also by the need to synchronize recording and retrace launch command lines. Machines can have a different set of devices depending on the platform and even the version of the emulator. The article describes obtaining information about the devices of the QEMU emulator through the QEMU Machine Protocol for using this data in a graphical interface. The QemuGUI graphical interface supports the full cycle of work with the emulator: creating and configuring a virtual machine, starting in normal mode and in deterministic replay mode, interacting with the machine through a QEMU monitor.

For the creation of a multi-level system of integrated control and operational management of physical-chemical and technological casting processes, deterministic causality of technological objects was determined. These objects are involved in the processes of melting, ladle and heat treatment in the production of ductile iron castings. This made it possible to develop a block diagram of selection and optimization of key technological parameters, geometry of gating systems for the lost-foam casting. In order to ensure continuous control over a set of parameters of technological processes, equipment and environmental safety, key factors of influence of technological parameters were determined. To this end, the Ishikawa diagram was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the parameters and casting objects influence during lost-foam casting on the casting quality and environment. The expediency of using the Ishikawa diagram for the theory and practice of casting production was determined. Methods using the Ishikawa diagram were developed, which allow identifying and defining the deterministic influence of factors of the first, second, third order on technological processes and casting objects, as well as environment. They also provide an opportunity to determine the effectiveness of using the Ishikawa diagram in the production of high-quality cast products of iron-carbon alloys, including ductile iron. Basic data on the identification of casting objects and processes as the full cycle of production of ductile iron and castings of it by lost-foam casting were obtained. This will allow constructing a multi-level system for controlling the parameters of the full technological cycle using modern computer information technologies, as well as monitoring the environmental condition of casting objects and determining their environmental impact

International audience; The article considers methodological tools for developing and adopting strategic management decisions at oil and gas companies. For this purpose, the authors set and successively solved the following tasks: the most significant features of management decisions were classified regarding the operation of large vertically integrated oil companies (VIOC); the study presents a model of the full cycle of strategic management at industrial enterprises; the authors propose an original algorithm for the development of strategic decisions at VIOC and review the existing general theoretical tools used for selecting strategic alternatives regarding their applicability at various levels of the company's management hierarchy; a mechanism for devising and taking strategic decisions has been developed on the example of the oil production department; the authors determined the significance of strategic managerial decisions that are currently transforming from traditionally functional into the corporate ones. The revealed positive dynamics in the costs of research and development (R&D), the increase in the number of applications for patents, and the findings of a survey conducted among top management of oil and gas companies have proven the importance of innovation and taking accurate managerial decisions on its implementation. In addition to this, the paper provides evidence that all oil and gas companies are currently using modeling as a key tool when making managerial decisions.

JSC Almaz-Antey in the implementation of the integrated design of complex electronic systems, particularly radar systems, it is required to solve the problem of choosing and optimizing the design parameters of radar devices, including antenna systems, transmitter-receiver paths of radar systems (radar), algorithms and devices for digital generation and processing of radar signals, and radar systems in General. Currently there is no domestic computer-aided design systems that solve these tasks in the complex. Therefore, to solve such problems, the Concern’s enterprises are used by a number of disparate software solutions with their own development and their foreign counterparts. Due to the restrictions caused by the sanctions, the closed scope of the work, as well as in import substitution, highly relevant is the creation of CAD radar, allowing to solve the above problems in a continuous end-to-end loop design. The development of CAD radar conducted by the JSC Almaz-Antey, its subsidiaries and companies with expertise in the design of the radar, using their existing backlog. The paper shows the General architecture of a domestic computer aided design in full cycle end-to-end radar systems (facilities, stations); the concept of five levels of design in the system being developed and the basic requirements for the implementation of this concept. The specificity of the developed computer-aided design system is most pronounced in activity-based scenarios for the use of the designed product in terms of specific air and space attack and defense, and is implemented in the form of functional simulation of the fighting.

Rosneft Oil Company PJSC (the Company) is developing a line of corporate software to solve a wide range of business tasks in terms of prospecting, exploration, development, construction and monitoring of field development. Creation of our own line of software will make it possible to implement a unified software platform covering the full cycle of field development and operation. An important area of the production chain is the stage of gathering, transportation and treatment of produced oil. Modeling of technological processes of the Upstream block is the basis for making decisions both at the design stage of surface facilities, and at the stage of operational support and management of the operation of these facilities. Currently, the modeling of processes during gathering and treatment of produced oil in the research institutes of the Company is carried out using third-party software. With the aim of developing its own technologies in the field of technological modeling, implementing innovative approaches in modeling, increasing stability in the current market environment, the Company is implementing a project to develop a corporate software package RN-SIMTEP. The simulator being developed is aimed at solving the following production tasks of the Company: design and optimization of the operation of oil and gas treatment facilities, risk analysis during the operation of surface facilities, and cost optimization in the design of facilities. This paper describes the basic principles and features that must be taken into account when creating such a complex as an element of the corporate line of software in the exploration and production block. The main methodological and architectural solutions used in software development, current results are shown, an assessment of the prospects for further development of the current project is given.

This paper introduces a new approach for the design of planar six-bar mechanisms for the purpose of function generation. The structural error is formulated using the input-output relationship of such a mechanism. In addition to the conventional structural error, its derivative is minimised via numerical optimisation, leading to the novel concept of dual-order structural error , which lends itself naturally to a multi-objective formulation of the design problem. Furthermore, analytical conditions for the mobility of the mechanism are derived for two cases: mobility for the full cycle of the crank, and for any given subset of it, along with the identification of the kinematic branches. These conditions help confine the numerical search for the optimal designs to the feasible regions of the design space, leading to a very efficient computational scheme. The results obtained are better in accuracy as compared to the reported results in existing literature. The formulation and results are demonstrated in the context of the Watt-II and the Stephenson-III mechanisms.

The nuclear power plant is highly knowledge-intensive facility. With the rapid advent and development of modern information and communication technology, knowledge management in nuclear industry has been provided with new approaches and possibilities. This paper introduces a full cycle nuclear power plant knowledge management framework based on digital system and tries to find solutions to knowledge creation, sharing, transfer, application and further innovation in nuclear industry. This framework utilizes information and digital technology to build top-tier object driven work environment, automatic design and analysis integration platform, digital dynamic performance Verification & Validation (V&V) platform, collaborative manufacture procedure, digital construction platform, online monitoring and configuration management which benefit knowledge management in NPP full life cycle. The suggested framework will strengthen the design basis of the nuclear power plants (NPPs) and will ensure the safety of the NPP design throughout the whole lifetime of the plant.

Physiological assessment of coronary artery stenosis added an element of certainty of benefit to the patient undergoing revascularization. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was the gold standard, with good reproducibility, correlation with noninvasive inducible ischemia testing and, most importantly, clinical benefit. Increased usage also brought into focus some limitations with respect to achieving hyperemia, assessment of sequential stenoses, drift, multivessel disease, chronic total occlusion, fidelity and accuracy of measurement and, in some cases, cost of adenosine. This set the background for nonhyperemic testing which eliminates the need for drug administration and simplifies procedure vastly.

The present paper describes the advanced methods of engineering calculation, design, simulation, analysis and production of parts and units of mechanisms and machines. In particular, special attention is paid to methods of full cycle computer-aided design on the basis of the mathematical software MathCAD (by PTC), SolidWorks CAD system (by Dassault Systemes) and additive technologies. The objects under consideration are non-conjugated toothed and rod-toothed gears. The paper presents the example of engineering design and the cycle of development of specimens and experimental models beginning from mathematical simulation of kinematics of gear meshing. The considered combination of software programs and design approaches will allow for swift developing of study guides or applied tutorials for training of engineers. The full cycle design is also the advantageous tendency in industry due to the reduction of the design period, and to the possibility to apply the advanced production technologies such as additive production.

We present the first spatial-spectral joint consistency network for self-supervised dense correspondence mapping between non-isometric shapes. The task of alignment in non-Euclidean domains is one of the most fundamental and crucial problems in computer vision. As 3D scanners can generate highly complex and dense models, the mission of finding dense mappings between those models is vital. The novelty of our solution is based on a cyclic mapping between metric spaces, where the distance between a pair of points should remain invariant after the full cycle. As the same learnable rules that generate the point-wise descriptors apply in both directions, the network learns invariant structures without any labels while coping with non-isometric deformations. We show here state-of-the-art-results by a large margin for a variety of tasks compared to known self-supervised and supervised methods .

If a common hacksaw blade is held between the palms and a gradually increasing compressive load is applied, it quickly collapses into a bowed shape. This is an example of column buckling; the blade fails as a structural element under compressive loads that are tiny compared to the compressive loads necessary to cause yielding of the steel blade. The chapter begins with the derivation of the buckling load of a pin-ended prismatic bar subjected to compression, known as the Euler buckling load. In theory, the bar can buckle into a one-half cycle sine shape (the familiar bowed shape), a full cycle sine shape, a one-and-one-half cycle sine shape, etc., with increasing corresponding buckling loads. These different solutions are called buckling modes. (As intuition indicates, the higher modes are unstable and the bar actually buckles in the first mode.) Analyses are presented of the buckling of bars with other types of end conditions, which can greatly affect the resulting buckling load. A concept known as the effective length is introduced. Suppose that a given column buckles in a particular mode and the buckling load is P. The effective length is the length of a column whose Euler buckling load equals P. In some cases, the effective length of a buckled column can be determined or approximated by observation and used to determine the buckling load. The final topic is the behavior of a bar subjected to eccentric axial loads, that is, loads that are a specified distance from the centroid of the cross section. Such bars do not buckle but assume a bowed shape whose maximum deflection increases with the magnitude of the axial load. An expression for the maximum compressive stress in the bar, known as the secant formula, is derived.

To prevent and control public transport safety accidents in advance and guide the safety management and decision-making optimization of public transport vehicles, based on the forewarning and other multisource data of public transport vehicles in Zhenjiang, holographic portraits of public transport safety operation characteristics are constructed from the perspectives of time, space, and driver factors, and a prediction model of fatigue driving and driving risk of bus drivers based on BP neural network is constructed. Finally, model checking and virtual simulation experiments are carried out. The result of the research shows that the driver’s fatigue risk during the period of 7 : 00-8 : 00 am is much higher than other periods. When the bus speed is about 30 km/h, the driver fatigue forewarning events occur the most. Drivers aged 30–34 years have the largest proportion of vehicle abnormal forewarning, drivers aged 40–44 years have the largest proportion of fatigue forewarning events, and drivers with a driving experience of 15–19 years have the largest overall proportion of various forewarning events. When the vehicle speed range is (18, 20) km/h and (42, 45) km/h, the probability of fatigue driving risk and driving risk forewarning increases sharply; and when the vehicle speed is lower than 17 km/h or 41 km/h, the probability of fatigue driving risk and driving risk forewarning, respectively, is almost zero. The probability of fatigue forewarning during low peak hours on rainy days is about 30% lower than that during peak hours. The probability of driving forewarning during flat peak hours is 15% higher than that during low peak hours and about 10% lower than that during peak hours. This paper realized for the first time the use of real forewarning data of buses in the full time, the whole region, and full cycle to carry out research. Related results have important theoretical value and practical significance for scientifically guiding the safety operation and emergency management strategies of buses, improving the service level of bus passenger transportation capacity and safety operation, and promoting the safety, health, and sustainable development of the public transportation industry.

Compressed natural gas can be globally used as fuel for combustion engines to reduce CO2 emission without negative impact on economy. Lack of refueling infrastructure is one of reason why NGVs shares only ~1.6% in total vehicle fleet worldwide. Operational tests of CNG home fast refueling station were performed to investigate: (i) natural gas demand, m3/h; (ii) energy consumption, kW/h; and (iii) total cost of one refueling. Two scenarios for operational tests were developed to monitor and collect data. Safety tests for leakage, fill pressure change, interrupted power and gas supply, temperature, and unexpected failures were performed. This article present results of operational and safety tests of compressed natural gas home, fast refueling station (CNG-HRS) based on one stage hydraulic compressor. The average duration of HRS full operating cycle was 7 h and 32 min (buffering and refueling mode). The average electric energy and natural gas consumption for one full cycle was 5.52 kWh and 7.5 m3, respectively. Safety tests results for leakage, fill pressure change, interrupted power and gas supply, temperature and unexpected failures demonstrated valid operation of HRS which positively affects the general safety level. To compare HRS with large scale CNG refueling infrastructure the costs of 1 Nm3 CNG was estimated for both solutions. Results shows that home refueling appliance might be become a solution for filling the gap in CNG refueling infrastructure.

Background Previous reports showed all diastolic resting indexes tested were virtually identical to the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR). Although RFR has been also reported to be diagnostically equivalent to iFR, no comparisons have been reported about the prevalence and characteristics of discordance in diagnosis between diastolic pressure ratio (dPR) and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR). Purpose This study sought to determine the coronary pressure characteristics of lesions classified as discordant between dPR and RFR in angiographically intermediate stenoses. Methods We recruited 532 patients with 668 intermediate (angiographically stenosis between 30% to 70% severity) coronary lesions undergoing FFR assessment and analyzed DICOM pressure tracings of resting state (dPR and RFR) using a fully automated off-line software algorithm in a blind fashion. Diagnostic performance of dPR and RFR was evaluated using FFR as a reference. Furthermore, we investigated similarity and difference between dPR and RFR. Results Median FFR was 0.81 with an interquartile range of 0.74 to 0.87. RFR was highly correlated to dPR (R2=0.94, p0.80 and the FFR values were significantly lower in RFR+/dPR– than in RFR-/dPR-, and significantly higher in RFR+/dPR– than in RFR+/dPR+. (P Conclusion Significant difference in FFR values was observed according to dPR/RFR agreement and disagreement. Revascularization decision making might defer according to the resting index used. Compared with RFR, lesions might be more frequently deferred when dPR was used to assess physiological significance. Acknowledgement/Funding None

To mitigate the negative impacts of hydrocarbon fuels on climate change complementary decision tools should be considered when selecting or evaluating the performance of a certain production scheme. The exergy analysis can give valuable information on the management of the oil and gas reservoirs. It can also be used to calculate the CO2 footprint of the different oil recovery mechanisms. We contend that the concept of exergy recovery factor can be used as a powerful sustainability indicator in the production of the hydrocarbon fields. The exergy-zero recovery factor is determined by considering exergy balance of full cycle of hydrocarbon-production systems and defines boundaries beyond which production of hydrocarbons is no longer sustainable. An example of the exergy analysis is presented in the paper.

Background Although fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a gold standard method to evaluate functional lesion severity in the catheterization laboratory, the need of hyperemic condition limits the widespread adoption of FFR. Recently, the resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) which was newly developed resting indices was launched. It is unclear whether RFR as resting condition could assess physiological lesion severity of coronary artery stenosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic impact of RFR compared to FFR in entire range of coronary artery stenosis. Method A total of 53 patients with 70 lesions were enrolled in this study. The RFR was measured after adequately waiting for stable condition, while FFR was measured after intravenous administration of ATP (180mcg/kg/min). Lesions with FFR ≤0.80 were considered functionally significant coronary artery stenosis. Results In all lesions, reference diameter, diameter stenosis, lesion length, RFR, and FFR were 3.3±0.8mm, 44±12%, 14.6±7.2mm, 0.90±0.11, and 0.83±0.11, respectively. Functional significance was observed in 24 lesions (34%) of all lesions. The RFR showed a significant correlation with FFR (y = 0.800x + 0.239, R = 0.817, p Conclusion The RFR as newly resting indices is reliable to the assessment of functional lesion severity. This physiology-based approach may be a possible alternative method for FFR measurements in daily practice.

The paper presents the rationale for the introduction of Grid-technologies at power plants of metallurgical enterprises of a full cycle. On its basis, an analysis is made of the efficiency of the power plant of a metallurgical enterprise during the summer season using the example of PJSC «Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works » (Russia, Magnitogorsk). A relationship was found between specific fuel consumption for sold electricity and various factors. The method of calculating the estimated cost of electricity in a selected period of time. The analysis showed that the introduction of modern technologies at power plants will allow promptly making the calculations necessary to predict the optimal use of various fuels, including secondary energy resources, in order to minimize the cost of electricity produced.

Introduction Resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) has been recently described as a non-hyperemic index of coronary stenosis with good concordance with Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR). However, there is no information concerning the influence of microvascular function and coronary flow on RFR results. Purpose To determine if the accuracy of this novel parameter might be influenced by changes in microvascular function. Methods 133 patients admitted in our center between July 2016 and December 2017 underwent coronary physiology study of an angiographically intermediate lesion. 67 subjects presented with AMI and an intermediate lesion in a non-culprit artery, and 66 subjects stable coronary disease. We performed FFR, Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR), Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR) and Resistance Reserve Ratio (RRR) in all of them. We calculated RFR retrospectively from the pressure tracings. Results Coronary physiology parameters showed a non-normal distribution and are presented as median [IQR]: FFR 0.86 [0.79–0.92]; CFR 2.05 [1.4–2.95]; IMR 20.5 [14–32.55]; RRR 2.5 [1.85–3.63]; RFR 0.897 [0.83–0.94]. Patients with abnormal CFR displayed lower RFR values although FFR was not markedly affected (Table 1). These findings remained irrespective of the clinical scenario at presentation. 61 patients had a CFR lower than 2. Correlation between RFR and FFR was not significantly different in patients with abnormal CFR than in those with normal CFR (0,73 vs 0,88; p=0,067) (Figure 1); however, overall binary agreement between RFR and FFR was worse in patients with a low CFR (69% vs 83%; p=0,047). 48 patients had a high IMR (>25). Linear correlation between RFR and FFR was similar in patients with high and normal IMR (0,81 vs 0,83; p=0,784); likewise, binary concordance showed no significant difference between both groups (77% vs 75%, p=0,78). The mean difference between RFR and FFR was 0,025. This was only influenced by CFR: patients with a low CFR had a smaller difference than those with a normal CFR (0,012 vs 0,035; p=0,019). Physiology parameters by CFR group Normal CFR (≥2) Low CFR ( Correlation between RFR and FFR by CFR Conclusion RFR has good overall correlation and concordance with FFR. However, RFR has a lower diagnostic accuracy in patients with a low CFR. Acknowledgement/Funding None

The purpose of this work was to analyse and characterize the behavior of a 5 kW/5 kWh vanadium battery integrated in an experimental facility with all the auxiliary equipment and determine whether it would be possible to ascertain the most appropriate application for storage of electricity in photovoltaic (PV) grid applications. The battery has been in operation for 9&ndash, 10 months. During this time the battery has achieve a full cycle efficiency of approximately 65%. A slight reduction in efficiency is the result of the constant auxiliary power consumption from pumps amounting to 8&ndash, 9% of rated power, meanwhile the stack is quite efficient showing a cycle efficiency of 73%.The operation of the pumps has been adjusted to fix the current density applied together with the state of charge in order to reduce unnecessary consumption related to the energy required for pumping. According to the results obtained, the intended improvement in global efficiency for the system has not been achieved by this proposed strategy. However, the flow factor evolution selected at this stage needs further optimization in order to establish a trade-off between the concentration overpotential and a detrimental loss in energy due to pumping. Therefore, one should be able to improve system performance through a better configuration of flow factors in order to reach total system efficiencies of 70&ndash, 75% required for achieving a commercially viable product.