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1. Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders: a French multi-centered prospective observational study

Author: Claire Jansen, Pierre Thomas, Djamila Bennabi, Dominique Drapier, Thomas Schwitzer, Delphine Capdevielle, Noe Teboul, Pascal Delamillieure, Emmanuelle Corruble, Christophe Schmitt, Daniela Dobre, Olivier C. Martin, Pierre Abdel Ahad, Antoine Pelissolo, Clément Vansteene, Benjamin Rolland, Marion Leboyer, Raymund Schwan, Fabienne Ligier, Wanda Yekhlef, Antoine Yrondi, Raphaël Gaillard, William Lecoeur, Radoine Haoui, Mathilde Roser, Vincent Laprevote, Catherine Massoubre, Sonia Dollfus, Fabien Joubert, Philip Gorwood, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Laxou] (CPN), Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL), Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires (APEMAC), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques de la Schizophrénie (ISTS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service Psychiatrie et psychologie médicale [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Psychiatrie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre Hospitalier Gérard Marchant, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, HAL UR1, Admin, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon [CH Le Vinatier, Bron] (Pôle MOPHA - SUAL), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Etablissement Public de Santé Alsace Nord, Partenaires INRAE, Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université de Paris (UP), Etablissement public de santé de Ville-Evrard (EPS), Service Psychiatrie et psychologie médicale [CHU Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Population, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Confusional state, Logistic regression, Lower risk, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Organic mental disorders, Intensive care, medicine, Psychiatry, Prospective cohort study, education, Applied Psychology, Univariate analysis, education.field_of_study, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, Medical record, COVID-19, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Mental health, Confidence interval, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Original Article, Observational study, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: At the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, specific COVID/PSY wards were created in France to provide care for inpatients with COVID-19 and psychiatric disorders. In this multi-center prospective study, we set out to assess the clinical features and risk factors of somatic aggravation in patients hospitalized in COVID/PSY wards. Methods: Data were collected between 28 February and 30 May, 2020. We collected demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, medical data and COVID-19-related clinical data. Somatic aggravation was estimated by the number of patients transferred to intensive care or medicine units, the number of deaths and the number of patients presenting a confusional state. A multivariate logistic model was used to assess the risk factors of confusional state and transfer to intensive care or medicine units. The risk of death was analysed by the univariate predictors of this outcome. Outcomes: 350 patients were included in the study. The number of inclusions peaked one week after that of the general population and declined more slowly. Overall, 24 (7%) were transferred to medicine units, 7 (2%) died and 51 (15%) patients presented a confusional state. Severe respiratory symptoms predicted the transfer to a medicine unit (OR 17.1; CI 4.9-59.3). Older age, an organic mental disorder, a confusional state, and severe respiratory symptoms predicted mortality in univariate analysis. Age > 55 (OR 4.9; CI 2.1-11.4), an affective disorder (OR 4.1; CI 1.6-10.9), and severe respiratory symptoms (OR 4.6; CI 2.2-9.7) predicted a higher risk, while smoking (OR 0.3; CI 0.1-0.9) predicted a lower risk of a confusional state. Interpretation: COVID-19 patients with severe psychiatric disorders have multiple somatic comorbidities and a high risk of confusion. COVID/PSY wards may play a role in reducing the mortality of COVID-19 in patients with psychiatric disorders. Funding Statement: There was no funding source for this study. Declaration of Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to be declared. Ethics Approval Statement: This observational study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. In accordance with French bioethics laws, it was classified as a non- interventional study, since it concerned anonymized clinical data that are routinely compiled in medical records. Compliance with French regulations on personal data collection was supervised by the personal data referent of the Centre Psychotherapique de Nancy. Patients, and their legal guardian when appropriate, were informed in writing, in agreement with national regulations for observational studies.
Published: 2023

2. Recommendations of the treatment-resistant depression expert center network for promoting tobacco smoking cessation based on the results from the real-world FACE-TRD national cohort

Author: Alexandra Garosi, Christelle Andrieu-Haller, Olivier Doumy, Nicolas Suc, Julia Maruani, J.-B. Genty, Martin Breyton, Raphaëlle Richieri, Frank Bellivierid, Antoine Yrondid, Mathilde Horn, T Korchia, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyers, Rémi Moirand, Bruno Aouizerate, Jean Petrucci, Christophe Arbus, Michel Walter, Thierry Bougerol, Jérôme Holtzmann, Philippe Courtet, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Guillaume Vaiva, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Fanny Moliere, Djamila Bennabi, Wissam El-Hage, Florian Stephan, Mélanie Faugere, Ludovic Samalin, Romain Rey, Ophélia Godin, Marion Leboyer, Emmanuel Haffen, Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix-Marseille Université - École de médecine (AMU SMPM MED), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté des sciences médicales et paramédicales (AMU SMPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), and Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH: Tobacco Smoking, Suicide, Attempted, tobacco, MESH: Nicotine, Cohort Studies, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, chemistry.chemical_compound, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, Precision Medicine, Varenicline, MESH: Cohort Studies, Depression (differential diagnoses), health care economics and organizations, education.field_of_study, public mental health, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Suicidal Ideation, public health, Middle Aged, MESH: Smoking Cessation, psychiatry, Cohort, depression, MESH: Suicide, Attempted, Female, mental health, Nicotine, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, education, MESH: Precision Medicine, smoking, Suicidal Ideation, MESH: Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Sex Factors, MESH: Sex Factors, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, Suicide attempt, business.industry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, schizophrenia, chemistry, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Smoking cessation, Smoking Cessation, business, Treatment-resistant depression, MESH: Female
Abstract: Background Tobacco smoking has been associated with suicide, impulsivity and depression in non-clinical populations with differences across sexes. Objective To determine the role of tobacco smoking in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) according to sex in a precision-medicine approach. Method The FACE-TRD cohort is a national cohort of TRD patients recruited in 13 resistant depression expert centers between 2014 and 2021 and followed-up at 6 months. A standardized one-day long comprehensive battery was carried out, including trained-clinician and patient-reported outcomes, and patients were reevaluated at 6 months on their smoking and psychiatric hospitalization outcomes. Results 355 TRD participants were included (222 women). The smoking rate was much higher in TRD women compared to the French general population (34% vs 24%) while it was comparable for men (approximately 29%). In multivariate analyses, compared to non-smoking women, female smokers had significantly increased number of lifetime psychiatric hospitalizations (standardized beta B = 0.232, p = 0.014) and electro-convulsive therapy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.748, p = 0.005), increased suicidal ideations (aOR = 4.047, p = 0.031), history of suicide attempt (aOR = 1.994, p = 0.033), and increased impulsivity (B = 0.210, p = 0.006) and were more frequently treated by benzodiazepines (aOR = 1.848, p = 0.035) and third- or fourth-line TRD treatments (antipsychotics aOR = 2.270, p = 0.006, mood stabilizers aOR = 2.067 p = 0.044). Tobacco smoking at baseline was predictive of psychiatric hospitalization within 6 months in persistent smoking women (aOR = 2.636, p = 0.031). These results were not replicated in men, for whom tobacco smoking was only associated with increased clinician-rated and self-reported depressive symptoms (respectively B = 0.207, p = 0.022 and B = 0.184, p = 0.048). The smoking cessation rate at 6 months was higher in women than in men (12% vs. 7%). No patient was administered nicotine substitute or varenicline at the two timepoints. Interpretation Combining these results and those of the literature, we recommend that active tobacco cessation should be promoted in TRD to improve depression, suicide and impulsivity especially in women. Female smokers appear as a specific population with heavier mental health outcomes that should be specifically addressed.
Published: 2022

3. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised, crossover, double blind, controlled exploratory trial

Author: Djamila Bennabi, Yohan Grandperrin, Emmanuel Haffen, Magali Nicolier, Philippe Gimenez, Chrystelle Vidal, and Sidney Grosprêtre
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Primary motor cortex, Prefrontal Cortex, Medicine (miscellaneous), Neuroenhancement, Endurance performance, Athletic Performance, Explosive performance, Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Time trial, Double-Blind Method, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Parkour, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, lcsh:R5-920, Cross-Over Studies, biology, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, Athletes, business.industry, Motor Cortex, Cycling, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Crossover study, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transcranial direct current stimulation, France, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BackgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is promising for improving motor and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need to be better characterised according to the stimulated brain area and the type of exercise performed.Methods/designThis is a double-blind crossover study, organised into two parts: the first is to assess the effects of tDCS on explosive performance (jump task) and the second is to assess the effects on endurance performance (cycling time trial task). Participants, who are recreationally active or athletes (parkour practitioners, cyclists), will receive two active tDCS sessions (over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right motor cortex) and one sham tDCS session (part A), or two sequences (one active and one sham) of two daily tDCS sessions over 5 days (part B). Motor and cognitive performance will be compared before and after tDCS sessions (part A), and before and after the first session, after the last session and at day 12 and day 30 of each tDCS sequence (part B).DiscussionThis study investigates the acute and repeated effects of tDCS on the motor and cognitive performance of healthy subjects. It will try to evaluate if tDCS could be considered as a neuroenhancement technology according to the physical task investigated (endurance versus explosive).Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03937115. Registered on 3 May 2019; retrospectively registered.
Published: 2020

4. Adherence to treatment guidelines in clinical practice for using electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive episode

Author: Thierry Bougerol, Jean-Baptiste Genty, C. Lançon, Emmanuel Haffen, Isabel Nieto, M. Leboyer, Frank Bellivier, Frédéric Haesebaert, Thierry d'Amato, Michel Walter, Samuel Bulteau, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, J Attal, Anne Sauvaget, Bruno Aouizerate, Laurent Schmitt, Antoine Yrondi, Florian Stephan, W El-Hage, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Djamila Bennabi, Olivier Blanc, Jérôme Holtzmann, E Poulet, P. Courtet, Ludovic Samalin, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], French Society for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology, Partenaires INRAE, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Henri Mondor AP-HP/UPEC, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Grenoble, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale (IMRB), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)
Subjects: Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, behavioral disciplines and activities, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Electroconvulsive therapy, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Major depressive episode, Retrospective Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Neuropsychopharmacology, Clinical Practice, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Treatment Outcome, Major depressive disorder, Biological psychiatry, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Background: ECT is the most effective treatment of major depressive episode (MDE) but remains a neglected treatment. The French Society for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology aimed to determine whether prescribing practice of ECT followed guidelines recommendations. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD), who have been treated with ECT for MDE. Duration of MDE and number of lines of treatment received before ECT were collected. The reasons for using ECT, specifically first-line indications (suicidality, urgency, presence of catatonic and psychotic features, previous ECT response, patient preference) were recorded. Statistical comparisons between groups used standard statistical tests. Results: Seven hundred and forty-five individuals were included. The mean duration of MDE before ECT was 10.1 months and the mean number of lines of treatment before ECT was 3.4. It was significantly longer for MDD single episode than recurrent MDD and BD. The presence of first-line indications for using ECT was significantly associated to shorter duration of MDE (9.1 vs 13.1 months, p
Published: 2020

5. [Cognitive functions in late life depression]

Author: Pierre Vandel, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, Gilles Chopard, and Caroline Masse
Subjects: business.industry, Depression, Cognition, Disease, Late life depression, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Alzheimer Disease, Medicine, Dementia, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Cognitive decline, Risk factor, business, Cognition Disorders, Neurocognitive, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Clinical psychology, Aged
Abstract: Cognitive disorders are frequently found during late-life depression. Many cognitive functions may be concerned and can be explained by fronto-striatal brain circuits and hippocampus dysfunctions partly through abnormalities related to cerebrovascular diseases. It seems important to distinguish between early and late onset depression whose cognitive characterisation and etiopathogenia differ in some aspects. Cognitive impairment may represent markers of depression but it is still unclear whether one should consider potential biomarkers of disease state or trait or risk factor. These disorders may precede depression and persist despite symptomatic remission. Moreover, the interest of specifying these disorders is multiple because they can have pejorative consequences such as the modification of emotional content, promote suicidal act, limit the effectiveness of psychotherapy, be a risk factor for poor response to antidepressants. or be a potential risk factor for progression to a minor or major neurocognitive disorder, especially Alzheimer's disease.
Published: 2021

6. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as an Add-On Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Impact on Self-Rated Quality of Life and Caregiver’s Burden

Author: Juliana Teti Mayer, Julie Monnin, Grégory Tio, Eloi Magnin, Gilles Chopard, Pierre Vandel, Magali Nicolier, Matthieu Bereau, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, and Caroline Masse
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, rTMS (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation), Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Article, memory, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Quality of life, Semantic memory, Medicine, cognitive impairment, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Cognition, Executive functions, 030227 psychiatry, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mood, quality of life, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, Alzheimer’s disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, RC321-571
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with progressive memory loss and decline in executive functions, as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients usually consider quality of life (QoL) and mood as more important for their health status than disease-specific physical and mental symptoms. In this open-label uncontrolled trial, 12 subjects diagnosed with AD underwent 10 sessions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (10 Hz, 20 min, 2000 pulses/day, 110% MT). Outcomes were measured before and 30 days after treatment. Our primary objective was to test the efficacy of rTMS as an add-on treatment for AD on the global cognitive function, assessed through the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS). As secondary objectives, the detailed effect on cognitive functions, depression and anxiety symptoms, QoL, and functionality in daily life activities were evaluated, as well as correlations between QoL and cognition, depression and anxiety scores. The treatment significantly enhanced semantic memory and reduced anxiety. Improvement of these features in AD could become an important target for treatment strategies. Although limited by its design, this trial may contribute with another perspective on the analysis and the impact of rTMS on AD.
Published: 2021

7. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the psychomotor, cognitive, and motor performances of power athletes

Author: Magali Nicolier, Sidney Grosprêtre, Djamila Bennabi, Yohan Grandperrin, Chrystelle Vidal, Grégory Tio, Philippe Gimenez, Emmanuel Haffen, Laboratoire Culture, sport, santé, société - UFC (UR 4660) (C3S), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), and BENNABI, Djamila
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Science, medicine.medical_treatment, Neurophysiology, Electromyography, Cognitive neuroscience, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Jumping, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Humans, Medicine, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Evoked Potentials, Psychomotor learning, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, business.industry, Electroencephalography, 030229 sport sciences, Cognitive test, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Primary motor cortex, business, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sports
Abstract: In sports science, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has many unknown effects on neuromuscular, psychomotor and cognitive aspects. Particularly, its impact on power performances remains poorly investigated. Eighteen healthy young males, all trained in a jumping sport (parkour) performed three experimental sessions: anodal tDCS applied either on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, cathode in supraorbital area) or on the primary motor cortex (M1, cathode on contralateral shoulder), and a placebo condition (SHAM), each applied for 20 min at 2 mA. Pre and post, maximal vertical and horizontal jumps were performed, associated to leg neuromuscular assessment through electromyography and peripheral nerve stimulations. Actual and imagined pointing tasks were also performed to evaluate fine motor skills, and a full battery of cognitive and psychomotor tests was administered. M1 tDCS improved jump performance accompanied by an increase in supraspinal and spinal excitabilities. dlPFC stimulation only impacted the pointing tasks. No effect on cognitive tests was found for any of the tDCS conditions. To conclude, the type of performance (maximal versus accurate) affected depended upon the tDCS montage. Finally, athletes responded well to tDCS for motor performance while results to cognitive tests seemed unaffected, at least when implemented with the present rationale.
Published: 2021

8. Relationship between childhood physical abuse and clinical severity of treatment-resistant depression in a geriatric population

Author: Antoine Yrondi, Christophe Arbus, Djamila Bennabi, Thierry D'Amato, Frank Bellivier, Thierry Bougerol, Vincent Camus, Philippe Courtet, Olivier Doumy, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Jérôme Holtzmann, Mathilde Horn, Christophe Lancon, Marion Leboyer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Julia Maruani, Rémi Moirand, Fanny Molière, Jean Petrucci, Raphaelle Richieri, Ludovic Samalin, Florian Stephan, Guillaume Vaiva, Michel Walter, FondaMental Advanced Centres of Expertise in Resistant Depression (FACE-DR) Collaborators, Emmanuel Haffen, Bruno Aouizerate, Wissam El-Hage, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Paris (UP), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, Emotions, Social Sciences, Criminology, Pediatrics, Severity of Illness Index, Geriatric Depression, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 0302 clinical medicine, Sociology, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Public and Occupational Health, Child Abuse, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Schools, Multidisciplinary, Depression, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Traumatic Injury Risk Factors, Middle Aged, Physical abuse, Cohort, Medicine, Female, Crime, France, Research Article, Personality, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychometrics, Science, Geriatric Psychiatry, Population, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, Rating scale, Geriatric population, Internal medicine, Mental Health and Psychiatry, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Personality Traits, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major, Mood Disorders, business.industry, CTQ tree, Biology and Life Sciences, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Health Care, Geriatrics, Medical Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Geriatric Care, Self Report, business, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Introduction We assessed the correlation between childhood maltreatment (CM) and severity of depression in an elderly unipolar Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) sample. Methods Patients were enrolled from a longitudinal cohort (FACE-DR) of the French Network of Expert TRD Centres. Results Our sample included 96 patients (33% of the overall cohort) aged 60 years or above, with a mean age of 67.2 (SD = 5.7). The majority of the patients were female (62.5%). The Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quick Inventory Depression Scale-Self Report (QIDS-SR) mean scores were high, 28.2 (SD = 7.49) [MADRS score range: 0–60; moderate severity≥20, high severity≥35] and 16.5 (SD = 4.94) [IDS-SR score range: 0–27; moderate severity≥11, high severity≥16], respectively. Mean self-esteem scores were 22.47 (SD = 6.26) [range 0–30]. In an age- and sex-adjusted model, we found a positive correlation between childhood trauma (CTQ scores) and depressive symptom severity [MADRS (β = 0.274; p = 0.07) and QIDS-SR (β = 0.302; p = 0.005) scores]. We detected a statistically significant correlation between physical abuse and depressive symptom severity [MADRS (β = 0.304; p = 0.03) and QIDS-SR (β = 0.362; p = 0.005) scores]. We did not observe any significant correlation between other types of trauma and depressive symptom severity. We showed that self-esteem (Rosenberg scale) mediated the effect of physical abuse (PA) on the intensity of depressive symptoms [MADRS: b = 0.318, 95% BCa C.I. [0.07, 0.62]; QIDS-SR: b = 0.177, 95% BCa C.I. [0.04, 0.37]]. Preacher & Kelly’s Kappa Squared values of 19.1% (k2 = 0.191) and 16% (k2 = 0.16), respectively for the two scales, indicate a moderate effect. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in a geriatric TRD population documenting an association between childhood trauma (mainly relating to PA) and the intensity of depressive symptoms.
Published: 2021

9. Immunomodulation of Resistant Depression

Author: Emmanuel Haffen and Djamila Bennabi
Subjects: Treatment response, business.industry, Selection strategy, Central nervous system, Inflammation, Context (language use), Bioinformatics, Pathogenesis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Medicine, medicine.symptom, Treatment resistance, business, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract: Growing evidence indicates that inflammatory processes, both within that inflammatory processes, both within the central nervous system and the periphery of the body, play a role in the pathogenesis, course and treatment of depression. In treatment-resistant depression (TRD) recent studies indicate that inflammatory activity may be particularly elevated. Moreover, several inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP/hsCRP) hold some promise as markers for the prediction of treatment response in TRD. In this context, immunomodulatory therapies represent one of the most interesting therapeutic alternatives in depression, especially for patients with an immunological dysregulation profile and/or treatment resistance to conventional therapy. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to support a personalised treatment selection strategy based on inflammatory markers and to recommend the clinical use of any particular agent in these patients.
Published: 2021

10. Characteristics of Bipolar Patients with Cognitive Impairment of Suspected Neurodegenerative Origin: A Multicenter Cohort

Author: Emilie Olié, Emmanuel Cognat, Djamila Bennabi, Esteban Munoz Musat, Frédéric Blanc, Florence Lebert, Eloi Magnin, Audrey Gabelle, Claire Paquet, Mélanie Leroy, Emeline Marlinge, Magnin, Eloi, Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Lille-Bailleul] (CMRR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre Mémoire Ressources et Recherche [Strasbourg] (CMRR Strasbourg), CHU Strasbourg, Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)
Subjects: cognition, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Parkinsonism, Article, Internal medicine, medicine, Dementia, Bipolar disorder, bipolar disorder, business.industry, neurodegenerescence, Neuropsychology, biomarkers, Cognition, medicine.disease, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomarker (medicine), Medicine, business, Neurocognitive, Alzheimer’s disease, Executive dysfunction, dementia
Abstract: Bipolar disorder is associated with an increased risk of dementia with aging. Little is known regarding this association, limiting appropriate diagnosis and management. We aimed to describe the characteristics of bipolar patients with late cognitive impairment for whom the hypothesis of an underlying neurodegenerative disease had been raised. We performed a retrospective multicenter study, recruiting bipolar patients over 50 years old from five French tertiary memory centers who had undergone cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker assessment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinical, neuropsychological, and paraclinical characteristics were analyzed and 78 patients were included. The mean age at the onset of cognitive impairment was 62.4 years (±9.2). The mean MMSE score was 22.8 (±4.5), the mean FAB was 11.7 (±3.9), and the mean FCRST was 15.8 (±7.4)/36.8 (±9.7) (free/total recall). A total of 48.6% of the patients displayed cognitive fluctuations, and 38.2% showed cognitive improvement during follow-ups, and 56.3% of the patients showed Parkinsonism, of which 12.7% had never received antipsychotics. Among patients who underwent DAT-scans, 35.3% displayed dopaminergic denervation, 10.3% of patients had CSF AD biological signature (“A+ T+” profile), while 56.4% had other abnormal CSF profiles. Thus, clinical presentation was dominated by executive dysfunction, episodic memory impairment, fluctuating cognition, and a high frequency of Parkinsonism. Specifically, high frequency of delusional episodes suggests limited tolerance of psychotropic drugs. Most patients had abnormal CSF biomarker profiles, but only a minority displayed AD’s specific biomarker signature. Therefore, while our results unveil shared common neurocognitive features in bipolar patients with cognitive impairment of suspected neurodegenerative origin they suggest a participation of various underlying pathologies rather than a common degenerative mechanism in the pathophysiology of this condition.
Published: 2021

11. Childhood Trauma increases suicidal behaviour in a treatment-resistant depression population: a FACE-DR report

Author: Antoine Yrondi, Guillaume Vaiva, Michel Walter, Thierry D Amato, Frank Bellivier, Djamila Bennabi, Thierry Bougerol, Vincent Camus, Olivier Doumy, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Emmanuel Haffen, Jérôme Holtzmann, Mathilde Horn, Christophe Lançon, Marion Leboyer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Julia Maruani, Rémi Moirand, Fanny Molière, Jean Petrucci, Raphaelle Richieri, Ludovic Samalin, Laurent Schmitt, Florian Stephan, Philippe Courtet, Wissam El-Hage, Bruno Aouizerate, B. Aouizerate, D. Bennabi, M. Leboyer, E. Haffen, P.M. Llorca, V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, H. Laouamri, Karmene Souryis, L. Mallet, L. Yon, J. Petrucci, J.B. Genty, A. Yrondi, D. Pierre, L. Schmitt, M. Sarrail, I. Ryff, E. Beuchet, G. Tio, C. Cappe, E. Clerc, M. Garnier, R.M. Honciuc, E. Allauze, O. Blanc, F. Bellivier, N. Allaili, I. Nieto, J. Meheust, Y. Sunthavy, J. Maruani, T. Bougerol, M. Polosan, P. Courvoisier, J. Holtzmann, B. Fredembach, S. Foubert-Andreani, V. Camus, W. El Hage, T. D’Amato, F. Haesebaert, C. Dubien, M. Lefebvre, A. Meznad, J. Brunelin, R. Moirand, O. Doumy, C. Lancon, R. Richieri, P. Peri, M. Faugere, C. Faget-Agius, P. Courtet, J.P. Boulenger, F. Moliere, F. Stephan, M. Walter, C. Mesmeur, G. Vaiva, M. Horn, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (SPURBO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 (CIC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Henri Mondor, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (EA7479 SPURBO), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Depressive disorders, MESH: Depression, MESH: Violence, Population, Poison control, Violence, Suicide prevention, Childhood trauma, MESH: Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Suicidal Ideation, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Rating scale, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk factor, education, Suicidal ideation, Childhood neglect, Biological Psychiatry, education.field_of_study, MESH: Humans, MESH: Suicidal Ideation, Depression, business.industry, Childhood abuse, CTQ tree, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Suicide, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Treatment-resistant depression, medicine.symptom, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; Objective: In addition to heredity, exposure to early-life adversity is an important predisposing risk factor of suicidal behaviour. Although the association between Childhood Trauma (CT) and suicide risk is well documented, interactions between CT and suicidal behaviour in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) populations have received little coverage. This study aimed to evaluate i) association between CT and suicidal behaviour in a TRD population, and ii) the role of personality traits and impulsiveness as potential factors of mediation in these associations.Methods: Patients were recruited from a cohort of the French network of TRD expert centers. Depressive symptom severity, CT, suicidal behaviour, personality traits, and impulsiveness were assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Big Five Inventory, and the Barratt Impulsivness Scale (BIS) respectively.Results: Among the 256 patients with a baseline CTQ, in relation to suicide risk for the current depressive episode, we found an association with the total CTQ scores mediated by the intensity of the current episode in a model adjusted for age and sex (total effect: β = 0.171; p = 0.011, direct effect: β = 0.135; p = 0.043; indirect effect: β = 0.036; p = 0.048). Focusing on CT subtypes, we detected an association between suicide risk and physical neglect in a model adjusted for age and sex (β = 0.301; p = 0.002), without any mediation by the intensity of the current episode. There was no mediation effect from personality traits nor impulsiveness. With regards to CSSRS to assess suicidal ideation, we did not find any association with the total CTQ score and CT subtype scores.Conclusion: We report a strong association between suicidal behaviour and CT (in particular childhood physical neglect) in a TRD population.
Published: 2021

12. Perceptions of French healthcare students of vaccines and the impact of conducting an intervention in health promotion

Author: Thierry Moulin, Fabienne Garrien-Maire, Kevin Bouiller, Marie-Françoise Monaton, Valérie Wintenberger, Nathalie Mazué, Djamila Bennabi, Edith Simon, Dominique Millot, Xavier Bertrand, Agnès Guillaume, Raphael Anxionnat, Virginie Nerich, C. Slekovec, Béatrice Van Eis, Virginie Pourchet, Rachel Balice, Quentin Lepiller, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (EA 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181) (CEF2P / CARCINO), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, medicine.medical_specialty, Vaccination schedule, education, 030231 tropical medicine, Context (language use), Pharmacy, Health Promotion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Intervention (counseling), Health care, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Students, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Vaccines, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, 4. Education, Vaccination, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 3. Good health, [SDV.SP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Infectious Diseases, Health promotion, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Family medicine, Preparedness, Molecular Medicine, Female, Perception, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Background The perceptions of healthcare students of vaccines have been poorly explored and appropriate training strategies to address possible confidence gaps concerning vaccination for these future professionals is still a subject of debate. Methods A questionnaire to assess the perceptions of vaccination and the feeling of preparedness to address patient concerns was submitted to 874 multidisciplinary healthcare students enrolled in the French program “Service Sanitaire des Etudiants en Sante” (SSES). The evolution of their perceptions during the year and the impact of having performed a primary prevention intervention in the context of the SSES program were assessed. Results In total, 530 students of nursing (42.5%), medicine (31.5%), physiotherapy (11.3%), pharmacy (10.9%), and midwifery (3.8%) completed the questionnaires. Among them, 7.0% carried out an intervention within the topic “vaccination and hygiene” and 93.0% within another topic (“nutrition and physical activity” or “addiction”). A portion of the students showed traits of vaccine hesitancy, including specific concerns about side effects (61.5%) or the number of vaccines in the vaccination schedule (30.0%). They felt ill prepared to address vaccine-hesitant patients, with poor confidence of their knowledge about vaccines (52.5%), their ability to inform patients about the side effects (42.5%), the benefit/risk of adjuvants (51.7%), and the rules for introducing a new vaccine (51.9%). They showed significant differences in perception depending on their curriculum. Misconceptions and hesitancy concerning vaccines were significantly improved after the students had performed the primary prevention intervention, regardless of the topic. Conclusions A portion of French healthcare students show traits of vaccine hesitancy, with significant differences depending on the courses attended. Programs of health promotion, such as the French SSES program, which includes a primary prevention intervention conducted by multidisciplinary groups of students, may improve the global confidence of healthcare students concerning vaccination.
Published: 2020

13. Les professionnels de santé face à la pandémie de la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) : quels risques pour leur santé mentale ?

Author: Antoine Yrondi, Paul Brunault, Bruno Aouizerate, M.-O. Krebs, Samuel Bulteau, Wissam El-Hage, C Paquet, Bruno Etain, Anne Sauvaget, Djamila Bennabi, N Prieto, Vincent Camus, Bénédicte Gohier, Coraline Hingray, Philippe Birmes, Marion Leboyer, Cédric Lemogne, Pierre Vidailhet, Eric Fakra, T. Bienvenu, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Laxou] (CPN), Université de Paris (UP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (Neurocentre Magendie - U1215 Inserm), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], IMRB - 'Neuropsychiatrie translationnelle' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Qualité de vie et Santé psychologique [Tours] (QualiPsy - E.E. 1901), Université de Tours (UT), Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Nantes Université - UFR Lettres et Langages (Nantes Univ - UFR LL), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques (Nantes Université - UFR Pharmacie), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychological intervention, Anxiety, Occupational safety and health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Intensive care, Health care, medicine, Post-traumatic stress disorder, business.industry, Depression, Public health, COVID-19, Health personnel, Mental health, Family life, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychology, business, Medical literature
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major sanitary crisis worldwide. Half of the world has been placed in quarantine. In France, this large-scale health crisis urgently triggered the restructuring and reorganization of health service delivery to support emergency services, medical intensive care units and continuing care units. Health professionals mobilized all their resources to provide emergency aid in a general climate of uncertainty. Concerns about the mental health, psychological adjustment, and recovery of health care workers treating and caring for patients with COVID-19 are now arising. The goal of the present article is to provide up-to-date information on potential mental health risks associated with exposure of health professionals to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Authors performed a narrative review identifying relevant results in the scientific and medical literature considering previous epidemics of 2003 (SARS-CoV-1) and 2009 (H1N1) with the more recent data about the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlighted most relevant data concerning the disease characteristics, the organizational factors and personal factors that may contribute to developing psychological distress and other mental health symptoms.Results: The disease characteristics of the current COVID-19 pandemic provoked a generalized climate of wariness and uncertainty, particularly among health professionals, due to a range of causes such as the rapid spread of COVID-19, the severity of symptoms it can cause in a segment of infected individuals, the lack of knowledge of the disease, and deaths among health professionals. Stress may also be caused by organizational factors, such as depletion of personal protection equipment, concerns about not being able to provide competent care if deployed to new area, concerns about rapidly changing information, lack of access to up-to-date information and communication, lack of specific drugs, the shortage of ventilators and intensive care unit beds necessary to care for the surge of critically ill patients, and significant change in their daily social and family life. Further risk factors have been identified, including feelings of being inadequately supported, concerns about health of self, fear of taking home infection to family members or others, and not having rapid access to testing through occupational health if needed, being isolated, feelings of uncertainty and social stigmatization, overwhelming workload, or insecure attachment. Additionally, we discussed positive social and organizational factors that contribute to enhance resilience in the face of the pandemic. There is a consensus in all the relevant literature that health care professionals are at an increased risk of high levels of stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, addiction and post-traumatic stress disorder, which could have long-term psychological implications.Conclusions: In the long run, this tragic health crisis should significantly enhance our understanding of the mental health risk factors among the health care professionals facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Reporting information such as this is essential to plan future prevention strategies. Protecting health care professionals is indeed an important component of public health measures to address large-scale health crisis. Thus, interventions to promote mental well-being in health care professionals exposed to COVID-19 need to be immediately implemented, and to strengthen prevention and response strategies by training health care professionals on mental help and crisis management.
Published: 2020
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14. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author: Sidney Grosprêtre, Chrystelle Vidal, Emmanuel Haffen, Yohan Grandperrin, Djamila Bennabi, Magali Nicolier, and Philippe Gimenez
Subjects: Protocol (science), medicine.medical_specialty, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, biology, business.industry, Athletes, medicine.medical_treatment, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, business
Abstract: Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is promising for improving motor and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need to be better characterised according to the stimulated brain area and the type of exercise performed. Methods/design This is a double-blind cross-over study, organised into two parts: the first is to assess the effects of tDCS on explosive performance (jump task) and the second is to assess the effects on endurance performance (cycling time trial task). Participants, who are recreationally active or athletes (cyclists, parkour practitioners), will receive two active tDCS sessions (over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right motor cortex) and one sham tDCS session (part A) or two daily tDCS sessions (one active sequence and one sham) over five days (part B). Motor and cognitive performance will be compared before and after the tDCS sessions (part A) and before and after the first session, after the last session and at day 12 and day 30 of each tDCS sequence (part B). Discussion This study investigates the acute and long-term effects of tDCS on the motor and cognitive performance in healthy subjects. It will try to evaluate if tDCS could be considered as a neuroenhancement technology according to the physical task investigated (endurance versus explosive).
Published: 2020

15. Childhood maltreatment and clinical severity of treatment‐resistant depression in a French cohort of outpatients (FACE‐DR): One‐year follow‐up

Author: Raphaëlle Richieri, Jean B. Genty, Djamila Bennabi, Guillame Vaiva, Pierre M. Llorca, Laurent Schmitt, Thierry Bougerol, Fanny Moliere, Marion Leboyer, Philippe Courtet, Thierry d'Amato, Michel Walter, Gustavo Turecki, Emmanuel Haffen, Frank Bellivier, Julia Maruani, Bruno Aouizerate, Ludovic Samalin, Mathilde Horn, Antoine Yrondi, J. Holtzmann, Wissam El-Hage, Florian Stephan, Rémi Moirand, Jean Petrucci, Olivier Doumy, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Pôle neurosciences [Hôpital de Purpan - Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 (CIC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), IMRB - 'Neuropsychiatrie translationnelle' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Hôpital Henri Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Michel Fontan 1-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Depressive disorders, MESH: Depression, Population, MESH: Depressive Disorder, Major, Poison control, Childhood trauma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, MESH: Child, Outpatients, medicine, Humans, Child Abuse, Prospective Studies, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, education, Prospective cohort study, Child, Childhood neglect, education.field_of_study, Depressive Disorder, Major, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Depression, Antidepressant response, Childhood abuse, CTQ tree, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, MESH: Child Abuse, medicine.disease, MESH: Prospective Studies, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, MESH: Outpatients, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Sexual abuse, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Major depressive disorder, Treatment-resistant depression, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Childhood maltreatment is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). It not only increases the risk of lifetime MDD, but it also aggravates its course. Among depressed patients, 20-30% of them experience treatment-resistance depression (TRD). We aimed to assess the association between childhood maltreatment, severity of depression in a unipolar TRD sample, and patient outcomes after one-year of follow-up. Methods: Patients were recruited for a prospective cohort from the French network of TRD expert centers. Depressive symptom severity was assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology self-report (QIDS-SR). Childhood maltreatment was evaluated with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).Results: In total, 256 patients filled in the CTQ at baseline between 2012 and 2019. At baseline, the MADRS score was associated with CTQ score (β = .185; p = .004). QIDS was also associated with CTQ scores (β = .27; p < .001). Regarding the different subtypes of childhood maltreatment, MADRS was associated with physical (β = .21; p = .005) and sexual abuse (β = .22; p = .002), while QIDS with physical abuse (β = .304; p < .001) and physical neglect (β = .254; p < .001). However, we did not find any significant association focusing on the other types of traumas. During a 1-year follow-up focusing on remission, CTQ scores (baseline) were less important in remittent patients [n = 38; CTQ score = 39.26 (9.68)] than in nonremittent ones [n = 92; CTQ score = 46.02 (17.53)] (p = .027). There was no significant difference among remitters and nonremitters based on trauma subtypes. At baseline, CTQ scores had a significant influence on remission at 1 year (χ2 (1) = 5.57; p < .05). We lost this influence adding MADRS scores at baseline in the model (p = .063).Conclusion: We highlighted a significant association between the severity of depressive disorders and childhood maltreatment in the TRD population. Information about a history of childhood maltreatment helps in identifying individuals who could be less likely to go into remission after treatment.
Published: 2020

16. Association between anhedonia and suicidal events in patients with mood disorders: A 3-year prospective study

Author: Rémi Moirand, Sébastien Gard, Frank Bellivier, Julia Maruani, Joséphine Loftus, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Jonathan Dubois, Philippe Courtet, Chantal Henry, Etienne Allauze, Wissam El-Hage, Marion Leboyer, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Raoul Belzeaux, Olivier Doumy, Jérôme Holtzmann, Jean-Pierre Kahn, Valerie Aubin, Guillaume Vaiva, Thierry Bougerol, Djamila Bennabi, Vincent Camus, Laurent Schmitt, Michel Walter, Christophe Lançon, Thierry d'Amato, Ludovic Samalin, Bruno Etain, Raphaëlle Richieri, Mathilde Horn, Emilie Olié, Caroline Dubertret, Fanny Moliere, Florian Stephan, Emmanuel Haffen, Antoine Yrondi, Jean-Michel Azorin, Bruno Aouizerate, Isabelle Jaussent, Julien Dubreucq, Mircea Polosan, Christine Passerieux, Déborah Ducasse, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Anhedonia, media_common.quotation_subject, Suicide, Attempted, behavioral disciplines and activities, Suicide prevention, Pleasure, Suicidal Ideation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Suicidal ideation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Suicide attempt, business.industry, Mood Disorders, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Mood disorders, Marital status, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background As almost all mental disorders are associated with increased suicidal-related behavior, anhedonia might be a trans-diagnostic dimension to target for suicide prevention. Methods For this 3-year-long prospective study, 2,839 outpatients with mood disorders were recruited. They were divided in: (a) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicidal ideation during the follow-up, and (b) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicide attempts during the follow-up. Anhedonia was assessed using a composite score (the French version of the 14-item Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale and item 13 of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology scale) at inclusion and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after inclusion. Results Patients with mood disorders and anhedonia at least at one follow-up visit had a 1.4-fold higher risk of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [1.07, 1.70]), even after adjustment for confounding factors of suicide risk (i.e., bipolar or unipolar disorder, sex, age, marital status, education level, antidepressant intake, personal history of suicide attempt, at least one childhood trauma, and mean of the maximum depression score during the follow-up). Conversely, association between anhedonia and suicide attempt did not remain significant after adjustment. Conclusions The significant association between anhedonia and suicide ideation in patients with mood disorders stresses the need of targeting hedonia in mood disorders, and of research focusing on the position to pleasure in life through eudaimonia.
Published: 2020

17. Evolution and characteristics of the use of valproate in women of childbearing age with bipolar disorder: Results from the FACE-BD cohort

Author: Nicolas Mazer, Christine Passerieux, Bruno Etain, Valerie Aubin, S Gard, Joséphine Loftus, Raoul Belzeaux, Pierre-Michel Llorca, F Poinso, Thomas Schwitzer, Ludovic Samalin, Paul Roux, Bruno Aouizerate, A. Pelletier, Ophélia Godin, Emmanuel Haffen, Emilie Olié, Caroline Dubertret, Raymund Schwan, Marion Leboyer, C. Henry, P. Courtet, Thierry Bougerol, Franck Bellivier, Mircea Polosan, L Encely, Djamila Bennabi, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Psychiatrie et Neurologie personnalisées [AP-HP Hôpital Henri-Mondor] (DHU PePsy), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-F.Widal], AP-HP Hôpitaux universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Service de Psychiatrie [CHU Mondor], Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace de Monaco (CHPG), Monaco, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy-Unité D, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Hôpital psychiatrique de Nancy, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé ANR-10-COHO-10-01 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, This multicenter, cross-sectional study included patients recruited into the FACE-BD (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders) cohort between June 2009 and June 2018. The FACE-BD cohort is based on a French national network of 12 BD Expert Centers (Besançon, Bordeaux, Clermont-Ferrand, Créteil, Colombes, Grenoble, Marseille, Monaco, Montpellier, Nancy, Paris and Versailles). This network was set up by the FondaMental Foundation ( www.fondation-fondamental.org ) and funded by the French Ministry of Research and the French Ministry of Health to build an infrastructure and to provide resources to follow clinical cohorts and comparative-effectiveness research on a patient population. This cohort and the clinical variables have been extensively described in a previous paper ( Henry et al., 2015 )., This work was funded by AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), by the Fondation FondaMental (RTRS Santé Mentale), by the Investissements d'Avenir program, by the ANR under reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 and ANR-10-COHO-10-01, and by INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale). This funding source had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication., Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), and Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Subjects: Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Bipolar disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Logistic regression, National cohort, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Anticonvulsant, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical prescription, Women of childbearing age, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Valproate, business.industry, Valproic Acid, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Affect, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Childbearing age, Cohort, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Background: Valproate is associated with teratogenic and neurodevelopmental effects. Several agencies have restricted the conditions of its prescription in bipolar disorders (BD). We aimed to assess the evolution of valproate prescription and the clinical profile of BD women of childbearing age receiving valproate. Methods: Based on a large national cohort, we included all BD women 16–50 years old. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological data were recorded. Logistic regression analyses were used to describe variables associated with valproate prescription. Results: Of the 1018 included women 16–50 years old, 26.9% were treated with valproate with a mean daily dosage of 968 mg. The prevalence of BD women using valproate was 32.6% before May 2015 and 17.3% after May 2015 (p
Published: 2020

18. Influence of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Psychomotor Symptoms in Major Depression

Author: Emmanuel Haffen, Djamila Bennabi, Juliana Teti Mayer, Thierry Pozzo, Ambra Bisio, and Nicolas Carvalho
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, psychomotor symptoms, medicine, Psychomotor learning, Psychomotor function, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, Psychomotor retardation, major depressive disorder, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Small sample, medicine.disease, retardation, 030227 psychiatry, Major depressive disorder, Antidepressant, medicine.symptom, transcranial direct current stimulation, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) might be a promising treatment strategy for depression. As disturbances in psychomotor activity are one of the key features of unipolar depression are, we aimed to evaluate the behavioral effects of ten tDCS sessions over a 5-day period on psychomotor retardation in depressed patients. Methods: Twenty-three treatment-resistant depressed patients received either active or sham anodal tDCS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (2 mA, 10 sessions over 1 week). Psychomotor functioning was registered by means of observer ratings (Salp&ecirc, tri&egrave, re Retardation Rating Scale&mdash, SRRS) and objective measures (kinematical analysis of movements, automatic imitation). Results: tDCS sessions resulted in improvements on SRRS scores, although active tDCS was not significantly superior to sham tDCS on the kinematical parameters. Furthermore, no general additional antidepressant effect of tDCS was observed. The relatively small sample size and the short periods of observation should be considered when interpreting these results. Conclusion: tDCS did not induce a clinically relevant effect on psychomotor function in active and sham stimulation groups.
Published: 2020

19. Treatment-resistant depression in a real-world setting: first interim analysis of characteristics, healthcare resource use, and utility values of the fondaMental cohort

Author: Pierre-Michel Llorca, Sophie Marguet, Raphaëlle Richieri, Vincent Camus, Dominique Schaetz, Emmanuel Haffen, Antoine Yrondi, Christophe Lançon, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Mathilde Horn, Julia Maruani, Thierry Bougerol, Marion Leboyer, Djamila Bennabi, Philippe Courtet, Rémi Moirand, Nathalie Dennis, Laurent Schmitt, Etienne Allauze, Isabel Nieto, Wissam El-Hage, Jérôme Holtzmann, Damien Pierre, Fanny Moliere, Florian Stephan, Guillaume Vaiva, Olivier Doumy, Michel Walter, Ludovic Samalin, Thierry d'Amato, Bruno Aouizerate, Delphine Quelard, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Janssen-Cilag [Issy-les-Moulineaux], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Amaris, Herrada, Anthony, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, real-world, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Article, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, healthcare resource use, Quality of life, Rating scale, Internal medicine, Medicine, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Major depressive episode, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), business.industry, General Neuroscience, medicine.disease, Interim analysis, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, utility, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, treatment-resistant depression, Major depressive disorder, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, medicine.symptom, business, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders. One-third of patients are usually unresponsive to several lines of treatment. This study aimed to describe the FondaMental French cohort of patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and to estimate utility and healthcare resource use outcomes. Methods: Patients with TRD were evaluated prospectively over four years (baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 months) in a real-world clinical setting. Interim analyses focused on the first two consecutive years. Four MDD-related states (major depressive episode (MDE), response, remission, recovery) were defined based on the MADRS (Montgomery&ndash, &Aring, sberg depression rating scale) and other clinical events. Health status was assessed with the EuroQol 5 Dimensions 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Utility values were estimated as preference measures that the patients assigned to their overall health status. Results: This study was based on 252 patients with TRD. The mean utility value by health state was 0.41, 0.63, 0.80, and 0.90, for MDE, response, remission, and recovery, respectively. At baseline, 59% of patients had an MADRS score of at least 28. Their baseline average utility value was lower compared to the other patients (0.43 versus 0.58, p &lt, 0.001). This significant difference persisted at the following visits. The rate of patients in MDEs having at least one hospitalisation for depression or other reasons than depression was generally higher than that in the other health states. Conclusion: This study documented patterns in healthcare resource consumption, quality of life, and other characteristics in patients with TRD, both globally and by health state and depression severity.
Published: 2020

20. Clinical guidelines for the management of depression with specific comorbid psychiatric conditions French recommendations from experts (the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental)

Author: C. Rabu, Wissam El-Hage, Isabel Nieto, Emmanuel Haffen, Antoine Yrondi, P. Courtet, Marion Leboyer, Franck Bellivier, Najib Allaïli, Guillaume Vaiva, Fanny Moliere, Jean-Michel Dorey, J.-B. Genty, Frédéric Haesebaert, Sylvie Lancrenon, Olivier Doumy, Djamila Bennabi, Laurent Schmitt, Florian Stephan, Bruno Aouizerate, Thierry Bougerol, C. Lançon, S. Destouches, Michel Walter, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, J. Holtzmann, Pierre-Michel Llorca, M. Lefebvre, Vincent Camus, Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Sylia Stat Lancrenon S.A.S., Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Departement de Psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION ), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), ERL 6230, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, Psychopharmacology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Comorbidity, Scientific evidence, 0302 clinical medicine, Elderly, lcsh:Psychiatry, 030212 general & internal medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Psychiatry, Anxiety disorders, Major depressive disorder, Pharmacotherapy, Substance use disorders, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 3. Good health, Neuropsychopharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Female, France, Biological psychiatry, Management of depression, Foundations, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Substance-Related Disorders, lcsh:RC435-571, Personality Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Association (psychology), Expert Testimony, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, medicine.disease, Personality disorders, 030227 psychiatry, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Substance use, business
Abstract: International audience; Background Recommendations for pharmacological treatments of major depression with specific comorbid psychiatric conditions are lacking. Method The French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental developed expert consensus guidelines for the management of depression based on the RAND/UCLA Appropriatneness Method. Recommendations for lines of treatment are provided by the scientific committee after data analysis and interpretation of the results of a survey of 36 psychiatrist experts in the field of major depression and its treatments. Results The expert guidelines combine scientific evidence and expert clinician's opinion to produce recommendations for major depression with comorbid anxiety disorders, personality disorders or substance use disorders and in geriatric depression. Conclusion These guidelines provide direction addressing common clinical dilemmas that arise in the pharmacologic treatment of major depression with comorbid psychiatric conditions.
Published: 2019

21. Cognitive effects of transcranial direct current stimulation treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: An individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised, sham-controlled trials

Author: Donel Martin, Frank Padberg, Andre R. Brunoni, Ulrich Palm, Djamila Bennabi, Stevan Nikolin, Adriano H. Moffa, Shawn M. McClintock, Marina Moreno, Colleen Loo, Emmanuel Haffen, and William Flannery
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Humans, Medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), Behavior, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Major, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, Depression, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Mood, Meta-analysis, Antidepressant, Major depressive disorder, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a promising new treatment for major depression. While recent randomised, sham-controlled studies found tDCS to have antidepressant effects, it remains to be determined whether a tDCS treatment course may also enhance cognitive function independent of mood effects in depressed patients. This systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis examined cognitive outcomes from randomised, sham-controlled trials of tDCS treatment for major depression. Seven randomised, sham-controlled trials (n = 478 participants, 260 in active and 218 in sham) of tDCS for major depression were included. Results showed no cognitive enhancement after active tDCS compared to sham for the 12 cognitive outcomes investigated. Active relative to sham tDCS treatment was associated with reduced performance gains on a measure of processing speed (β = −0.33, 95% CI −0.58; −0.08, p = 0.011). Active tDCS treatment for depression did not show cognitive benefits independent of mood effects. Rather, tDCS treatment relative to sham stimulation for major depression may instead be associated with a reduced practice effect for processing speed.
Published: 2018

22. Predictors of remission to antidepressants in late-life depression: a systematic review

Author: Pierre Vandel, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, Daniel Sechter, Caroline Masse, and Julie Giustiniani
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Activities of daily living, Depression, business.industry, Mortality rate, Remission Induction, Middle Aged, Late life depression, Antidepressive Agents, Regimen, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Mood, Humans, Verbal fluency test, Medicine, Drug Therapy, Combination, Orbitofrontal cortex, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged
Abstract: Late-life depression is a heterogeneous mood disorder frequently associated with many adverse conditions, including decreased cognitive function and an elevated risk for comorbid medical disorders, as well as with an elevated mortality rate. Late-life depression encompasses both late-onset as well as early-onset depression that occurs or continues into later years of life. Conventional treatment often required several trials of antidepressants before an effective regimen can be found for an individual. This is associated with persistent depressive symptoms, a disability in activities of daily living and an increased risk of suicide and worsening of medical comorbidities. Thus, in the elderly, it is particularly important to identify predictors of treatment remission to reduce these risks. The purpose of this paper was to review the current status of knowledge regarding predictors of remission to antidepressants among older depressed patients. Patients with high number of cardiovascular risk factors, poor performance in working memory, verbal fluency tests and executive functioning, reduced volumes of cerebral structures (hippocampus, anterior cingular cortex, orbitofrontal cortex) were more likely to reach remission. Reduction of depression score during the first weeks of treatment was correlated with remission. However, more studies are needed to confirm these results.
Published: 2018

23. Vortioxetine for Cognitive Enhancement in Major Depression: From Animal Models to Clinical Research

Author: Vincent Van Waes, Djamila Bennabi, and Emmanuel Haffen
Subjects: cognition, lcsh:RC435-571, Review, vortioxetine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:Psychiatry, Cognitive Changes, medicine, Cognitive impairment, humans, Depression (differential diagnoses), Psychiatry, Vortioxetine, major depressive disorder, business.industry, Cognition, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Clinical trial, animals, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical research, Major depressive disorder, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Objectives: Vortioxetine has already shown its efficacy in the acute and long-term treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its potential interest in the prevention of relapse. The aim of this study was to review the current status of knowledge regarding its cognitive effects. Methods: We conducted a review of key data obtained from preclinical behavioral models and clinical trials in MDD focusing on vortioxetine-induced cognitive changes. Results: In animals, acute and chronic administration of vortioxetine improves performance on objective measures that cover a broad range of cognitive domains. In human, vortioxetine appears to be a useful treatment option in MDD patients with cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: Vortioxetine constitutes a promising treatment for treatment of cognitive impairment in MDD, but its place in the therapeutic armamentarium still needs to be determined.
Published: 2019

24. Prospective cohort study of early biosignatures of response to lithium in bipolar-I-disorders: overview of the H2020-funded R-LiNK initiative

Author: Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, Fiona E. Smith, Cristina Mora, Aitana García-Estela, Maj Vinberg, Erik Pålsson, Adele Ferro, Andrew M. Blamire, Andreas Reif, Monica Mazzelli, Margrethe Collier Høegh, Eduard Vieta, Fawzi Boumezbeur, Caroline Dubertret, Petter Jakobsen, Edouard Duchesnay, Jan Scott, Klara Coello, Antoine Grigis, Thorsten Müller, Nicolas Mazer, Allan H. Young, Ole A. Andreassen, Nils Eiel Steen, Ketil J. Oedegaard, Peter E. Thelwall, Rebecca Strawbridge, Yann Cointepas, Letizia Squarcina, Frank Bellivier, Fanny Senner, Sergi Papiol, Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam, David A. Cousins, Michael Bauer, Francesc Colom, Jose Manuel Goikolea, Emmanuel Haffen, Marie Chupin, Thomas G. Schulze, Ute Lewitzka, Bruno Etain, Annamaria Cattaneo, Lars Vedel Kessing, Lars T. Westlye, Michèle Wessa, Trine Vik Lagerberg, Ashley Lutticke, Paolo Brambilla, Philipp Ritter, C. Varo, Leif Oltedal, Nadia Cattane, Janos Kalman, Roberto Rossi, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Víctor Pérez-Sola, Mikael Landén, Estanislao Mur-Mila, Djamila Bennabi, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), King‘s College London, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Service de biostatistique et information médicale de l’hôpital Saint Louis (Equipe ECSTRA) (SBIM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint Louis [APHP]-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA), Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (VariaPsy - U1144), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (CICB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CATI Multicenter Neuroimaging Platform (CATI), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie Assistée par Ordinateur (LNAO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unité Analyse et Traitement de l'Information (UNATI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Max-Planck-Institut, This project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program ((EU. 3.1.1. Understanding health, wellbeing and disease: Grant No 754907), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Variabilité de réponse aux Psychotropes (VariaPsy - U1144), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-CHU Saint Louis [APHP], and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Lithium (medication), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychological intervention, Omics, Neuroimaging, Review, Lithium, Digital, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Prospective cohort study, Intensive care medicine, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Personalization, business.industry, lcsh:QP351-495, Response, Actigraphy, Precision, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, Phenotype, Mood, Tolerability, Bipolar, Biomarker (medicine), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Lithium is recommended as a first line treatment for bipolar disorders. However, only 30% of patients show an optimal outcome and variability in lithium response and tolerability is poorly understood. It remains difficult for clinicians to reliably predict which patients will benefit without recourse to a lengthy treatment trial. Greater precision in the early identification of individuals who are likely to respond to lithium is a significant unmet clinical need. Structure The H2020-funded Response to Lithium Network (R-LiNK; http://www.r-link.eu.com/) will undertake a prospective cohort study of over 300 individuals with bipolar-I-disorder who have agreed to commence a trial of lithium treatment following a recommendation by their treating clinician. The study aims to examine the early prediction of lithium response, non-response and tolerability by combining systematic clinical syndrome subtyping with examination of multi-modal biomarkers (or biosignatures), including omics, neuroimaging, and actigraphy, etc. Individuals will be followed up for 24 months and an independent panel will assess and classify each participants’ response to lithium according to predefined criteria that consider evidence of relapse, recurrence, remission, changes in illness activity or treatment failure (e.g. stopping lithium; new prescriptions of other mood stabilizers) and exposure to lithium. Novel elements of this study include the recruitment of a large, multinational, clinically representative sample specifically for the purpose of studying candidate biomarkers and biosignatures; the application of lithium-7 magnetic resonance imaging to explore the distribution of lithium in the brain; development of a digital phenotype (using actigraphy and ecological momentary assessment) to monitor daily variability in symptoms; and economic modelling of the cost-effectiveness of introducing biomarker tests for the customisation of lithium treatment into clinical practice. Also, study participants with sub-optimal medication adherence will be offered brief interventions (which can be delivered via a clinician or smartphone app) to enhance treatment engagement and to minimize confounding of lithium non-response with non-adherence. Conclusions The paper outlines the rationale, design and methodology of the first study being undertaken by the newly established R-LiNK collaboration and describes how the project may help to refine the clinical response phenotype and could translate into the personalization of lithium treatment.
Published: 2019

25. Effects of High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (HF-rTMS) on Delay Discounting in Major Depressive Disorder: An Open-Label Uncontrolled Pilot Study

Author: Magali Nicolier, Djamila Bennabi, Stéphane Mouchabac, Grégory Tio, Juliana Teti Mayer, Emmanuel Haffen, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service de psychiatrie adulte [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Psychiatrie adultes [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, impulsivity, Audiology, Impulsivity, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Temporal discounting, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, delay discounting, major depressive disorder, business.industry, General Neuroscience, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Cognition, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Brain stimulation, Major depressive disorder, medicine.symptom, business, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: Delay discounting (DD) refers to the decrease of a present subjective value of a future reward as the delay of its delivery increases. Major depressive disorder (MDD), besides core emotional and physical symptoms, involves difficulties in reward processing. Depressed patients often display greater temporal discounting rates than healthy subjects. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique applied in several countries to adult patients with treatment resistant depression. Studies suggest that this technique can be used to modulate DD, but no trial has assessed its effects on depressed patients. Methods: In this open-label uncontrolled trial, 20 patients diagnosed with MDD and at least stage II treatment resistance criteria underwent 20 HF-rTMS sessions over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, 10 Hz, 110% MT, 20 min). Pre-post treatment DD rates were compared. Effects on impulsivity, personality factors, and depressive symptoms were also evaluated. Results: No significant effect of HF-rTMS over the left dlPFC on DD of depressed individuals was observed, although rates seemed to increase after sessions. However, treatment resulted in significant improvement on cognitive impulsivity and depressive symptoms, and was well-tolerated. Conclusion: Despite the limitations involved, this pilot study allows preliminary evaluation of HF-rTMS effects on DD in MDD, providing substrate for further research.
Published: 2019

26. Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in reducing impulsivity in borderline personality disorder (TIMBER): study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Author: Juliana Teti Mayer, Djamila Bennabi, Pierre Vandel, Magali Nicolier, Emmanuel Haffen, Julie Giustiniani, Lionel Pazart, Damien Gabriel, Charline Compagne, and Caroline Masse
Subjects: Impulsivity, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Electroencephalography, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Borderline Personality Disorder, Intervention (counseling), Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Evoked potential, Borderline personality disorder, Risk-taking, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, lcsh:R5-920, Cross-Over Studies, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medicine.anatomical_structure, Impulsive Behavior, medicine.symptom, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and is closely related to suicide risk and destructive and aggressive behaviors. Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown its promising effects as an intervention to modulate impulsivity, no study has explored its potential regarding BPD. Methods/design This is a multicenter, crossover, double-blind study comparing active versus sham tDCS (2 mA, 30 min), applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for five consecutive days in 50 BPD patients. Participants will be assessed for impulsivity, depressive symptoms, and suicide risk. The main efficacy criteria on reduction of impulsivity will be the amplitude variation of one specific evoked potential detected by electroencephalography (EEG) during the balloon analogue risk task. Baseline measures will be compared to scores obtained immediately after sessions, then 12 and 30 days later. Discussion This study investigates the safety and effects of tDCS, which may have a significant impact on impulsivity in patients with BPD and may be useful to reduce risky behaviors. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03498937. Registered on 17 April 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3427-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019

27. Troubles de l’humeur : quand recourir à la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne ?

Author: Samuel Bulteau, Charline Guirette, Jérôme Brunelin, Emmanuel Poulet, Benoît Trojak, Raphaëlle Richieri, David Szekely, Djamila Bennabi, Antoine Yrondi, Maud Rotharmel, Thierry Bougerol, Gaëlle Dall’Igna, Jérôme Attal, René Benadhira, Noomane Bouaziz, Maxime Bubrovszky, Benjamin Calvet, Sonia Dollfus, Jack Foucher, Filipe Galvao, Aurélia Gay, Frédéric Haesebaert, Emmanuel Haffen, Isabelle Jalenques, Dominique Januel, Renaud Jardri, Bruno Millet, Clément Nathou, Cecilia Nauczyciel, Marion Plaze, Fady Rachid, Jean-Marie Vanelle, Anne Sauvaget, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de psychiatrie générale et addictologie [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques des pathologies Cérébrales et Tumorales (ISTCT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes [CHU Nantes], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center [CRNL], Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie [CEReSS], Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques [GMFC], Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] [CHU], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) [NEURO], Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon [Inserm CIC 1431], Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale [NET], Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie [ICube], 415060|||Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques des pathologies Cérébrales et Tumorales [ISTCT], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences [U894 / UMS 1266], Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (CICB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], General Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health
Abstract: La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée (rTMS) est un outil thérapeutique d’utilisation encore récente en psychiatrie. Cet article a pour objectif d’actualiser l’état des connaissances sur la rTMS dans le traitement des troubles de l’humeur. La rTMS possède une efficacité certaine (niveau de preuve de grade 1) dans le traitement initial curatif de la dépression unipolaire à condition d’utiliser des paramètres efficaces, c’est-à-dire, pour les schémas classiques à haute fréquence (5 à 20 Hz) : 20 à 30 séances, plus de 1200 pulses/séance, 5 Hz à 20 Hz, et au moins 110 % du seuil moteur. Les protocoles à 1 Hz sont également efficaces et bien tolérés. La durée de l’efficacité varie avec des taux de rechutes autour de 50 % à 1 an. Un traitement pharmacologique est, en règle, associé. La rTMS se positionne préférentiellement comme un traitement adjuvant aux psychotropes après échec ou efficacité partielle d’un ou deux antidépresseurs (niveau de résistance peu élévée) pour traiter des épisodes non chroniques (< 2 ans), sans critère de gravité (absence de symptômes psychotiques, risque suicidaire faible). En ce qui concerne les états maniaques et les états mixtes, les résultats ont encore un faible niveau de preuve se limitant à une possible réduction des symptômes. Dans le risque suicidaire associé aux troubles de l’humeur, l’intérêt de la rTMS est encore à démontrer, ainsi que dans la catatonie. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is still a recent treatment in psychiatry. This article aims at updating the clinicians’knowledge about rTMS in the treatment of mood disorders (uni and bipolar depressive disorders, manic/mixed states, suicidal risk, catatonia). It is intended for clinicians who are required to indicate and/or use rTMS in their current practice. rTMShas the highest level of evidence for the treatment of unipolar depression, provided that effective parameters are used, that is to say, for classical high frequency protocols: 20 to 30 sessions, 1000 pulses/session, 5 to 20 Hz, and 110 % of the motor threshold. Low frequency protocol are also efficient and well tolerated. The duration of the efficacy varies with relapses rates around 50 % at one year. Pharmacological treatment generally remains associated. With regard to manic states, and mixed states the results are preliminary and limited to a possible reduction in symptoms. In the suicidal risk associated with mood disorders, the interest of rTMS is still to demonstrate, as well as in catatonia. The current place of the rTMS is no longer disputed in the curative treatment of major depressive disorder, preferentially used after one or two lines of antidepressants upstream. Further studies are needed to confirm preliminary positive findings in other aspects of mood disorders. 48;6
Published: 2019

28. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors in a Cohort of Individuals With Treatment-Resistant Depression: Results From the FACE-DR Study

Author: Ophélia, Godin, Djamila, Bennabi, Antoine, Yrondi, Raphaelle, Richieri, Thierry, D'Amato, Franck, Bellivier, Thierry, Bougerol, Mathilde, Horn, Vincent, Camus, Philippe, Courtet, Olivier, Doumy, Jean Baptiste, Genty, Wissam, El-Hage, Frederic, Haesebaert, Jerôme, Holtzmann, Christophe, Lancon, Marion, Leboyer, Pierre Michel, Llorca, Julia, Maruani, Fanny, Molière, Ludovic, Samalin, Laurent, Schmitt, Florian, Stephan, Guillaume, Vaiva, Michel Walter Bruno, Aouizerate, and Emmanuel, Haffen
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Comorbidity, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, education, Major depressive episode, Depression (differential diagnoses), Metabolic Syndrome, education.field_of_study, Depressive Disorder, Major, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cohort, Female, France, medicine.symptom, business, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Dyslipidemia, Cohort study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a cohort of French patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and to determine correlations with sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors. METHODS: From 2012 to 2018, 205 patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode with moderate-to-severe symptoms (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 20), and at least Stage II resistance according to Thase and Rush criteria were enrolled in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Resistant Depression (FACE-DR) cohort. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle information, and treatment and comorbidities were collected, and a blood sample was drawn. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. RESULTS: Overall, 38% of individuals with TRD met criteria for MetS. The frequency of MetS was significantly higher in men than in women only for patients aged 40 years or older (46.3% vs 35.2%, P = .0427). Moreover, whereas the management for diabetes was good, less than one-third of the patients with high blood pressure or dyslipidemia were treated for these conditions. Multivariate analysis showed that individuals with abnormal plasma c-reactive protein levels had a 3-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.5-5.2) of having MetS, independent of other potential confounders. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MetS is higher in patients with TRD than in those with other psychiatric disorders and characterized by a considerable undertreatment of some components of MetS in this population. Diagnosis and treatment of the components of MetS should be systematically performed to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in patients with TRD. These findings highlight the need for integrated care, with more interaction and coordination between psychiatrists and primary care providers.
Published: 2019

29. Dépression résistante : les autres stratégies thérapeutiques

Author: Marion Leboyer, Wissam El-Hage, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Maxime Bubrovszky, Olivier Doumy, Pierre Courvoisier, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Raphaëlle Richieri, Marion Garnier, Isabel Nieto, Thomas Charpeaud, Najib Allaïli, Thierry Bougerol, Bruno Aouizerate, Djamila Bennabi, Guillaume Vaiva, Ghassen Saba, Emmanuel Haffen, Jérôme Holtzmann, Thierry d'Amato, Rémy Bation, Fanny Moliere, Philippe Courtet, Frank Bellivier, Frédéric Haesebaert, INSERM U955, équipe 15, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire de santé publique évaluation des systèmes de soins et santé perçue, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Pôle Psychiatrie et Neurologie [Grenoble], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Subjects: Drug, Pramipexole, Methylphenidate, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, Modafinil, Antagonist, General Medicine, Pharmacology, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Antidepressant, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Ketamine, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Depression (differential diagnoses), media_common, medicine.drug
Abstract: Non-selective and irreversible MAOI have become as third or fourth-line strategy for the management of treatment-resistant depression. Non-selective and irreversible MAOI requires careful monitoring of drug interactions and dietary restrictions. Nutritional supplements such as omega-3 have been found to produce beneficial effects in the management of treatment-resistant depression when administered in combination with the ongoing antidepressant treatment. The glutamate antagonist ketamine has been found to produce beneficial effects in the management of treatment-resistant depression while administered alone. Dopamine and/or norepinephrine agonists, such as methylphenidate, modafinil or pramipexole, have been found to produce beneficial effects in the management of treatment-resistant depression when administered in combination with the ongoing antidepressant treatment.
Published: 2016

30. Quelle définition pour la dépression résistante ?

Author: Rémy Bation, Guillaume Vaiva, Fanny Moliere, Frank Bellivier, Frédéric Haesebaert, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Raphaëlle Richieri, Marion Leboyer, Thomas Charpeaud, Wissam El-Hage, Isabel Nieto, Jérôme Holtzmann, Pierre Courvoisier, Emmanuel Haffen, Najib Allaïli, Thierry d'Amato, Bruno Aouizerate, Olivier Doumy, Marion Garnier, Maxime Bubrovszky, Ghassen Saba, Thierry Bougerol, Djamila Bennabi, Philippe Courtet, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Pôle Psychiatrie et Neurologie [Grenoble], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratoire de santé publique évaluation des systèmes de soins et santé perçue, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), INSERM U955, équipe 15, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Variabilité de réponse aux Psychotropes (VariaPsy - U1144), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Hôpital Charles Perrens
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Psychometrics, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Chronic pain, General Medicine, Drug resistance, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Electroconvulsive therapy, Quality of life, medicine, Antidepressant, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Intensive care medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract: The most largely used definition of the treatment-resistant depression relies on the failure of two successive trials of antidepressant treatment at an adequate dose and duration. The absence of response to previous antidepressant treatments should be assessed using specific and appropriate clinical instruments enabling a correct staging of the therapeutic resistance. A wide range of socio-demographic and clinical factors (i.e. psychiatric/somatic comorbidities) are classically associated with the therapeutic resistance. The aim of the treatment of major depression is to achieve a complete clinical remission. The presence of residual symptoms increases the risk for the subsequent occurrence of relapses and recurrences, hence facilitating the development of therapeutic resistance. The treatment-resistant depression has a deleterious impact on the social, familial or professional functioning, thereby leading to an impaired quality of life with serious socioeconomic consequences and costs.
Published: 2016

31. Efficacy and acceptability of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for major depressive disorder: An individual patient data meta-analysis

Author: Adriano H. Moffa, Donel Martin, Isabela M. Benseñor, Ulrich Palm, Felipe Fregni, Lais B. Razza, Sarah H. Lisanby, Bernardo Sampaio-Jr, Emmanuel Haffen, Colleen Loo, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Daniel M. Blumberger, Angelo Alonzo, Frank Padberg, Andre R. Brunoni, and Djamila Bennabi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Bipolar disorder, Biological Psychiatry, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Pharmacology, Depressive Disorder, Major, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, business.industry, Odds ratio, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Discontinuation, Treatment Outcome, Meta-analysis, Number needed to treat, Major depressive disorder, business
Abstract: We evaluated the efficacy and acceptability of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for treating acute depressive episodes using individual patient data that provide more precise estimates than aggregate data meta-analysis. A systematic review of placebo-controlled trials on tDCS as only intervention was conducted until December-2018. Data from each study was collated to estimate odds ratio (OR) and number needed to treat (NNT) of response and remission, and depression improvement. Endpoints were pre-determined. Nine eligible studies (572 participants), presenting moderate/high certainty of evidence, were included. Active tDCS was significantly superior to sham for response (30.9% vs. 18.9% respectively; OR = 1.96, 95%CI [1.30–2.95], NNT = 9), remission (19.9% vs. 11.7%, OR = 1.94 [1.19–3.16], NNT = 13) and depression improvement (effect size of β = 0.31, [0.15–0.47]). Moreover, continuous clinical improvement was observed even after the end of acute tDCS treatment. There were no differences in all-cause discontinuation rates and no predictors of response were identified. To conclude, active tDCS was statistically superior to sham in all outcomes, although its clinical effects were moderate.
Published: 2020

32. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): A Promising Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder?

Author: Djamila Bennabi and Emmanuel Haffen
Subjects: cognition, medicine.medical_specialty, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, business.industry, General Neuroscience, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Cognition, Review, medicine.disease, behavioral disciplines and activities, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Tolerability, mental disorders, depression, medicine, Major depressive disorder, transcranial direct current stimulation, business, Beneficial effects, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract: Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) opens new perspectives in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), because of its ability to modulate cortical excitability and induce long-lasting effects. The aim of this review is to summarize the current status of knowledge regarding tDCS application in MDD. Methods: In this review, we searched for articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE from the earliest available date to February 2018 that explored clinical and cognitive effects of tDCS in MDD. Results: Despite differences in design and stimulation parameters, the examined studies indicated beneficial effects of tDCS for MDD. These preliminary results, the non-invasiveness of tDCS, and its good tolerability support the need for further research on this technique. Conclusions: tDCS constitutes a promising therapeutic alternative for patients with MDD, but its place in the therapeutic armamentarium remains to be determined.
Published: 2018

33. Improvement of Response to Cueing after Left Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Alzheimers disease

Author: Pierre, Gilles Chopard, Magali Nicolier, Julie Monnin, Djamila Bennabi, Eloi Magnin, Emmanuel Haffen, and Caroline Masse
Subjects: Cued recall, Core (anatomy), Transcranial direct-current stimulation, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Anesthesia, medicine, In patient, Neurology (clinical), Alzheimer's disease, business, Episodic memory, Recognition memory
Abstract: Background Several studies have reported the potential benefits of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to improve memory performance in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), memory profile is characterized by a core deficit in ability to benefit of the cueing. So far, only a few authors showed improvement in recognition memory task after anodal tDCS over different brain regions. Methods and findings In a double-blind design, we assessed the effect of 10 anodal tDCS sessions over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on verbal cued recall in a 69-year-old patient with probable AD. This man underwent one active stimulation (30 min of 2 mA anodal tDCS, twice a day, for 5 consecutive days) 3 weeks after receiving one sham stimulation (30 min of 0 mA anodal tDCS, twice a day, for 5 consecutive days). After active tDCS, our results showed improved Index of Sensitivity to Cueing (ISC) by 35% and 33%, for both total and delayed recall, respectively, compared to a 1.5% decrease and an increase of only 9% with sham tDCS. In addition, active tDCS resulted in a decrease of 67% in the number of intrusions compared to an increase of 8% for sham tDCS. The treatment was well tolerated and no serious side-effects were reported at any time. Conclusions These results suggest that tDCS could be used as a safety adjunctive therapeutic tool in AD. Keywords Alzheimer’s
Published: 2018

34. Prise en charge des troubles dépressifs résistants : recommandations françaises formalisées par des experts de l’AFPBN et de la fondation FondaMental

Author: Fanny Moliere, P. Courtet, Bruno Aouizerate, Franck Bellivier, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Isabel Nieto, Emmanuel Haffen, Djamila Bennabi, Wissam El-Hage, Marie-Noëlle Lefebvre, Guillaume Vaiva, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, Florian Stephan, Vincent Camus, Olivier Doumy, Thierry d'Amato, Frédéric Haesebaert, Jean-Baptiste Genty, S. Destouches, Michel Walter, C. Lançon, N. Alaïli, Jérôme Holtzmann, Laurent Schmitt, Antoine Yrondi, Sylvie Lancrenon, Thierry Bougerol, Marion Leboyer, Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Departement de Psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes ( GPL ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Palaiseau ), ONERA, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] ( LA CONCEPTION ), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] ( LIVE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] ( DESY ), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies ( LNFP ), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours ( CHRU TOURS ), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC ( NEURO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne ( NPsy-Sydo ), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-CHU Clermont-Ferrand
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Population, Disease, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), medicine, Psychiatry, education, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Neuropsychopharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Brain stimulation, [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Biological psychiatry, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Major depression represents among the most frequent psychiatric disorders in the general population with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 16-17%. It is characterized by high levels of comorbidities with other psychiatric conditions or somatic diseases as well as a recurrent or chronic course in 50 to 80% of the cases leading to negative repercussions on the daily functioning, with an impaired quality of life, and to severe direct/indirect costs. Large cohort studies have supported that failure of a first-line antidepressant treatment is observed in more than 60% of patients. In this case, several treatment strategies have been proposed by classical evidence-based guidelines from internationally recognized scientific societies, referring primarily on: I) the switch to another antidepressant of the same or different class; II) the combination with another antidepressant of complementary pharmacological profile; III) the addition of a wide range of pharmacological agents intending to potentiate the therapeutic effects of the ongoing antidepressant medication; IV) the association with appropriate psychological therapies; and, V) the use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. However, although based on the most recently available data and rigorous methodology, standard guidelines have the significant disadvantage of not covering a large variety of clinical conditions, while currently observed in everyday clinical practice. From these considerations, formalized recommendations by a large panel of French experts in the management of depressed patients have been developed under the shared sponsorship of the French Association of Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology (AFPBN) and the Fondation FondaMental. These French recommendations are presented in this special issue in order to provide relevant information about the treatment choices to make, depending particularly on the clinical response to previous treatment lines or the complexity of clinical situations (clinical features, specific populations, psychiatric comorbidities, etc.). Thus, the present approach will be especially helpful for the clinicians enabling to substantially facilitate and guide their clinical decision when confronted to difficult-to-treat forms of major depression in the daily clinical practice. This will be expected to significantly improve the poor prognosis of the treatment-resistant depression thereby lowering the clinical, functional and costly impact owing directly to the disease.
Published: 2017

35. Effects of High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (HF-rTMS) on Delay Discounting in Major Depressive Disorder

Author: Grégory Tio, Stéphane Mouchabac, Juliana Teti Mayer, Djamila Bennabi, Magali Nicolier, and Emmanuel Haffen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Cognition, Cognitive neuroscience, Audiology, medicine.disease, Impulsivity, Anticipation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Brain stimulation, mental disorders, medicine, Major depressive disorder, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is marked by core depressive emotional and physical symptoms and is also accompanied by difficulties in reward processing. A reduction of reward anticipation, along with diminishment in anticipation predicting reduced motivation for rewards has been documented in the acute phase. Cognitive neuroscience studies suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation techniques can be used to modulate processes involved in decision making, especially when stimulation is applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). However, studies assessing its effects on intertemporal decision-making in clinical populations are scarce. Methods By using high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) we investigated the potential impact of one and 20 sessions on temporal impulsivity, severity of depressive symptoms, impulsivity and personality factors of depressed individuals. Twenty patients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for unipolar depression and meeting at least stage II treatment resistant criteria underwent 20 HF-rTMS stimulation sessions. Results In odds with prior investigations, data analysis revealed a lack of significant (or even a deleterious) effect of HF-rTMS sessions over the left dlPFC on discounting rates of depressed individuals. Treatment was well-tolerated and resulted in significant improvement on cognitive impulsivity and depressive symptoms. Hypothesis concerning the results were discussed. Conclusion Despite limitations involved in this study, results allow preliminary evaluation of rTMS effect on temporal impulsivity in depressed individuals, providing substrate for further research.
Published: 2019

36. Current challenges for tDCS and rTMS in depression

Author: Djamila Bennabi, Ulrich Palm, Anne Sauvaget, Samuel Bulteau, and Andre R. Brunoni
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Treatment regimen, business.industry, Psychological intervention, medicine.disease, Pharmacologic intervention, Neuromodulation (medicine), Psychiatry and Mental health, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), medicine, Major depressive disorder, Clinical significance, business, Psychosocial, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract: Major depression (MD) is a debilitating condition associated with huge personal, social, and economic costs, as well as excessive mortality and disability. A large proportion of subjects doesn’t reach adequate clinical improvements with psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions and are exposed to side effects. In recent years, novel neuromodulation techniques such as rTMS and tDCS have become available with a literature on their usefulness rapidly expanding. As the field gradually mature, evidence is growing about their efficacy: rTMS have not only statistically but also clinically significant effect on remission and response rates with overall odds’ ratio > 2. More recent than rTMS, tDCS is now straddling the threshold for clinical significance. Nevertheless there remain crucial unanswered questions: improvement of efficacy thanks to optimized parameters and protocols; better indication accuracy based on response markers; better stratification and individual support with the use of patient-centered outcomes; assessment of the medium-to long-term efficacy and cost-utility. After a comprehensive overview of recent findings those questions will be deepened and developed through the following interventions: “tDCS in depression: where do we go from here?”by Dr Djamila Bennabi; “Biomarkers on tDCS trials for depression: insights from ELECT-tDCS” by Pr Andre Brunoni; “A novel two-step tDCS treatment regimen for major depressive disorder” by Pr Ulrich Palm; “rTMS in depression: achieving diffusion, starting personalization” by Dr Samuel Bulteau.
Published: 2019

37. Transcranial direct current stimulation for acute major depressive episodes: An updated meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author: Ulrich Palm, Djamila Bennabi, Zafiris Jeffrey Daskalakis, Angelo Alonzo, Felipe Fregni, Daniel M. Blumberger, Bernardo Sampaio-Junior, Colleen Loo, Adriano H. Moffa, Donel Martin, Frank Padberg, and Andre R. Brunoni
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, business.industry, General Neuroscience, medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, Patient data, lcsh:RC321-571, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Meta-analysis, medicine, Neurology (clinical), business, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Published: 2019

38. Psychomotor Retardation in Depression: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic, Pathophysiologic, and Therapeutic Implications

Author: Charalambos Papaxanthis, Thierry Pozzo, Pierre Vandel, Djamila Bennabi, and Emmanuel Haffen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, General Immunology and Microbiology, Psychomotor retardation, Depression, business.industry, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Cognition, Review Article, General Medicine, medicine.disease, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Pathophysiology, Mood disorders, Risk Factors, Meta-analysis, Humans, Medicine, Psychomotor Disorders, medicine.symptom, business, Prefrontal cortex, Psychiatry, Psychomotor disorder, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Abstract: Psychomotor retardation is a central feature of depression which includes motor and cognitive impairments. Effective management may be useful to improve the classification of depressive subtypes and treatment selection, as well as prediction of outcome in patients with depression. The aim of this paper was to review the current status of knowledge regarding psychomotor retardation in depression, in order to clarify its role in the diagnostic management of mood disorders. Retardation modifies all the actions of the individual, including motility, mental activity, and speech. Objective assessments can highlight the diagnostic importance of psychomotor retardation, especially in melancholic and bipolar depression. Psychomotor retardation is also related to depression severity and therapeutic change and could be considered a good criterion for the prediction of therapeutic effect. The neurobiological process underlying the inhibition of activity includes functional deficits in the prefrontal cortex and abnormalities in dopamine neurotransmission. Future investigations of psychomotor retardation should help improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying mood disorders and contribute to improving their therapeutic management.
Published: 2013

39. Dépression résistante : les stratégies de potentialisation

Author: Frank Bellivier, Frédéric Haesebaert, Marion Garnier, Guillaume Vaiva, Raphaëlle Richieri, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Bruno Aouizerate, Thomas Charpeaud, Rémy Bation, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, Fanny Moliere, Jérôme Holtzmann, Philippe Courtet, Maxime Bubrovszky, Wissam El-Hage, Thierry Bougerol, Ghassen Saba, Najib Allaïli, Marion Leboyer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Isabel Nieto, Olivier Doumy, Pierre Courvoisier, Thierry d'Amato, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Variabilité de réponse aux Psychotropes (VariaPsy - U1144), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pôle Psychiatrie et Neurologie [Grenoble], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire de santé publique évaluation des systèmes de soins et santé perçue, INSERM U955, équipe 15, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Hôpital Charles Perrens
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Lithium (medication), business.industry, Therapeutic effect, General Medicine, Carbamazepine, Pharmacology, Lamotrigine, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Antidepressant, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Adverse effect, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.drug
Abstract: Lithium is among the most classically recommended add-on therapeutic a strategy for the management of depressive patients showing unsuccessful a response to standard antidepressant medications. a The effectiveness of the add-on strategy with lithium requires achieving a plasma levels above 0.5 mEq/L. a Mood-stabilizing antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine, valproate a derivatives or lamotrigine have not demonstrated conclusive therapeutic a effects for the management of depressive patients showing unsuccessful a response to standard antidepressant medications. a Thyroid hormones are considered among the currently recommended add-on a therapeutic strategy for the management of depressive patients showing a unsuccessful response to standard antidepressant medications. a The effectiveness of the add-on strategy with thyroid hormones requires a achieving plasma concentration of TSH close to the lower limits at the a normal range (0.4 mUI/L) or even below it. Second-generation a antipsychotics such as aripiprazole or quetiapine have consistently a demonstrated significant therapeutic effects for the management of a depressive patients showing unsuccessful response to standard a antidepressant medications. a Second-generation antipsychotics however require the careful monitoring a of both cardiovascular and metabolic adverse effects.
Published: 2016

40. Dépression résistante : les stratégies de changement et d’association de médicaments antidépresseurs

Author: Thierry d'Amato, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Najib Allaïli, Isabel Nieto, Frédéric Haesebaert, Jérôme Holtzmann, Ghassen Saba, Rémy Bation, Olivier Doumy, Guillaume Vaiva, Vincent Camus, Pierre Courvoisier, Christophe Lançon, Wissam El-Hage, Fanny Moliere, Maxime Bubrovszky, Thierry Bougerol, Frank Bellivier, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, Bruno Aouizerate, Djamila Bennabi, Marion Leboyer, Emmanuel Haffen, Marion Garnier, Philippe Courtet, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de santé publique évaluation des systèmes de soins et santé perçue, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), INSERM U955, équipe 15, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Variabilité de réponse aux Psychotropes (VariaPsy - U1144), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Pôle Psychiatrie et Neurologie [Grenoble], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, and Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, Therapeutic effect, Mirtazapine, General Medicine, Pharmacology, Mianserin, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Antidepressant medication, 0302 clinical medicine, Increased risk, chemistry, medicine, Antidepressant, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.drug, Tricyclic
Abstract: Switching antidepressant medication may be helpful in depressed patients a having no benefit from the initial antidepressant treatment. a Before considering switching strategy, the initial antidepressant a treatment should produce no therapeutic effect after at least 4 weeks of a administration at adequate dosage. a Choosing an antidepressant of pharmacologically distinct profile fails a to consistently demonstrate a significant superiority in terms of a effectiveness over the switching to another antidepressant within the a same pharmacological class. a Augmenting SSRI/SNRIs with mirtazapine/mianserin has become the most a recommended strategy of antidepressant combinations. a Augmenting SSRI with tricyclic drugs is now a less recommended strategy a of antidepressant combinations given the increased risk for the a occurrence of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and adverse a effects.
Published: 2016

41. A Bayesian framework systematic review and meta-analysis of anesthetic ă agents effectiveness/tolerability profile in electroconvulsive therapy ă for major depression

Author: Laurent Boyer, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Pascal Auquier, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Djamila Bennabi, Guillaume Fond, Emmanuel Haffen, Anderson Loundou, Christophe Lançon, Lore Brunel, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie [Bordeaux] ( SANPSY ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Services d’explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux, clinique du sommeil, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Unité d'Aide Méthodologique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -CHU Marseille, Pôle de Psychiatrie 'Solaris', Service Pr. Naudin, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sainte-Marguerite, Service de psychiatrie adulte - B, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Santé Publique et maladies Chroniques : Qualité de vie Concepts, Usages et Limites, Déterminants ( SPMC ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ), Centre méditérannéen de médecine moléculaire ( C3M ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), INSERM U955, équipe 15, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale ( IMRB ), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR10, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie [Bordeaux] (SANPSY), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-CHU Marseille, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Santé Publique et maladies Chroniques : Qualité de vie Concepts, Usages et Limites, Déterminants (SPMC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Sommeil, Addiction et Neuropsychiatrie [Bordeaux] (SANPSY), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Electroconvulsive therapy, Seizures, medicine, Humans, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, Ketamine, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Adverse effect, Depression (differential diagnoses), Anesthetics, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Depressive Disorder, Major, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Bayes Theorem, Electroencephalography, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Quality, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Tolerability, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Methohexital, Anesthesia, Meta-analysis, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Propofol, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and ă tolerability/acceptability of 6 anesthetic agents in ECT for depressive ă disorders. We systematically reviewed 14 double-blind randomized ă controlled trials (610 participants). Efficacy was measured by the mean ă scores on validated depression scales at 6 ECT (or the nearest score if ă not available), number of responders at the end of treatment and seizure ă duration. The acceptability was measured by the proportion of patients ă who dropped out of the allocated treatment, and the tolerability by the ă number of serious adverse events and post-treatment cognition ă assessment. After excluding the trials responsible for heterogeneity, ă depression scores of patients who were administered methohexital were ă found to be significantly more improved than those who received propofol ă (p = 0.001). On the contrary, those who were administered propofol had ă lower depression scores than those with thiopental at the end of ă treatment (p = 0.002). Compared to propofol, methohexital was found to ă be significantly associated with higher seizure duration (p = 0.018). No ă difference was found for the acceptability profile (all p > 0.05). In ă summary, ketamine and methohexital may be preferred to propofol or ă thiopental in regard of effectiveness in depression scores and increased ă seizure duration. Further studies are warranted to compare ketamine and ă methohexital.
Published: 2016

42. Toward a better characterisation and management of treatment-resistant depression in France through the network of expert centers (FondaMental)

Author: P. Courtet, Thierry Bougerol, Vincent Camus, Olivier Doumy, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, Philippe Domenech, Marie-Noëlle Lefebvre, Wissam El-Hage, Isabel Nieto, C. Lançon, Laurent Schmitt, Frank Bellivier, Frédéric Haesebaert, Luc Mallet, Djamila Bennabi, J. Holtzmann, Antoine Yrondi, M. Leboyer, Florian Stephan, Marion Garnier, N. Alaīli, Emmanuel Haffen, C. Rabu, Thierry d'Amato, Michel Walter, Bruno Aouizerate, Fanny Moliere, Guillaume Vaiva, and P.-M. Llorca
Subjects: Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Neurology (clinical), Medical emergency, business, medicine.disease, Treatment-resistant depression, Biological Psychiatry
Published: 2017

43. Risk factors for treatment resistance in unipolar depression: a systematic review

Author: Frank Bellivier, Thierry Bougerol, P. Courtet, Bruno Aouizerate, Fanny Moliere, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Djamila Bennabi, Raphaëlle Richieri, Thomas Charpeaud, Vincent Camus, Christophe Lançon, Olivier Doumy, Wissam El-Hage, Thierry d'Amato, J. Holztmann, Ghassen Saba, M. Bubrovsky, Marion Leboyer, Isabel Nieto, Emmanuel Haffen, F. Haesbaert, Guillaume Vaiva, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Lille], PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Departement de Psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Medication Adherence, 03 medical and health sciences, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Risk factor, Treatment resistance, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Mental Disorders, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Mood disorders, Antidepressant, business, Psychosocial, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Treatment resistant depression is a complex disorder and an important source of morbidity and mortality. Identification of risk factors of resistance may be useful to improve early recognition as well as treatment selection and prediction of outcome in patients with depression. Methods The aim of this paper was to review the current status of knowledge regarding risk factors of treatment resistance in unipolar depression, in patients who failed to respond to at least two successive and adequate antidepressant treatments. Results Systematic literature search yielded 8 publications exploring clinical and biological factors. Specific psychiatric comorbidities, psychosocial factors, clinical characteristics of the depressive episode and biological markers emerge as possible risk factor for treatment resistant depression. Limitations Due to the lack of objective definition and diagnostic criteria for treatment resistant depression, and the paucity of reports on risk factors, our review only summarized a small number of studies. Conclusion Future investigations of risk factors should help to improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying resistance in mood disorders and contribute to improve their therapeutic management.
Published: 2014

44. Motor Resonance Mechanisms during Action Imitation in Depression

Author: Ambra Bisio, Nicolas Carvalho, Emmanuel Haffen, Thierry Pozzo, Djamila Bennabi, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center of Translational Neurophysiology for Speech and Communication (CTNSC@UniFe), Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), and université de Bourgogne, CAPS
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Kinematics, Major depressive disorder, Stimulus (physiology), Audiology, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Social cognition, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Social information, Motor resonance, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Psychomotor retardation, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Unipolar depression, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Automatic imitation, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Objectives Major depressive disorder has been associated with impairments in social cognition. However, studies exploring the processing of social information focused on facial discrimination. The aim of this study was to better characterize the sensorimotor mechanisms underlying motor resonance in depressed patients. Method Twenty-three right-handed patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for unipolar depression were compared to 14 matched healthy controls. In a simple imitation paradigm, the kinematic features of movements in natural condition were compared to those of motions performed after the observation of a moving dot. Reaction time and pointing velocity were considered to evaluate if the motor performance was contaminated by the observed stimulus. Results Patient’s velocity varied in agreement with dot velocity, proving that they were able to extract the correct information from the stimuli and use it to plan their responses. Depressed patients’ actions, as well as healthy controls, were influenced by the dot velocity, suggesting that motor resonance mechanisms are not prevented by depression. In contrast, only patients had anticipatory motor response and started moving before the end of the stimulus motion. Conclusion Our findings suggest that motor resonance mechanisms are not altered by the disease. However, depressed patients exhibit a specific deficit in motor inhibition in the selection of motor responses.

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