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Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Benefits derived from industry-university joint research projects (e.g., competitive advantages for firms, opportunities for field experimentation, the funding of academics' activities and knowledge and technology transfer among partners) are strongly affected by the management system exploited to combine partners' resources and tasks. Nevertheless, scholars have not paid great attention to management practices of collaborative research, leaving the best practices undefined. Aiming to fill this literature gap, this paper is a first attempt to open the black box of the management of the implementation stage of research and development (R&D) cooperation. The investigation, based on case studies, focuses on how participants of R&D cooperation coordinate and control their activities and what drives the selection of integrating mechanisms. The comparison of coordination and control systems implemented in six industry-university joint research projects highlights that planning and mutual adjustment practices are combined in different ways to manage R&D cooperation. Project and relationship characteristics affect the configuration of the management system. Task uncertainty leads to the decentralization of coordination and control practices, equivocality provides incentives for group coordination mode and reduces the need of informal ongoing monitoring and reciprocal interdependence among partners requires the exploitation of up-to-date project plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that the recent success that India has enjoyed in the domain of outsourcing of services can be explained through the triple helix paradigm of university-industry-government networks albeit in a manner that does not conform strictly to the existing notions of triple helix. First, it presents an analytical discussion on offshore outsourcing focusing on the heightened sense of uncertainty that prevails in this particular form of procurement. It is suggested here that one of the ways of managing uncertainty is to leverage personal and social ties which are constitutive of the social capital of firms engaged in such economic exchanges. Second, it looks at the case of India through in terms of social networks and the triple helix thesis and illustrates how university-industry-government networks and the social capital of the firms involved have played a central role in India's success in the export of knowledge-intensive services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a rethinking of socio-economic development from resource-based to knowledge-based; from exogenous to endogenous; from state-led to university-led; and from single or double institutional effort to triple helix interaction. The triple helix development model seeks to create robust university, industry and government spheres, enhance interaction capabilities through the ability of individuals to circulate from one sphere to another. This task can be accomplished through two strategic action plans. In the first instance, there is the need for the development of an entrepreneurial university and/or enhancing academic capabilities, by drawing in persons from industry and government. Second, there is the need to encourage the circulation of elites among university-industry-government in less developed countries characterised by strong, but largely inefficient governments, the relative low industrial capacity and weak academic sectors dominated by government. The triple helix model is applicable, in principle, in countries and regions experiencing other deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers changing triple helix relations in the South African context after 1994. The organisational form of university-industry partnership, stimulated by government incentives, is emerging. However, old and new organisational forms, shaped by a tension between financial and intellectual imperatives, co-exist in the shifting relationship between university, industry and government. The capacity to harness the potential of research for innovation by creating new institutional interface structures is evident on a significant scale in a small number of universities, and in isolated pockets in others. Old forms tend to prevail, and may have counter-productive implications. Creating new forms of knowledge-intensive networks requires analysis of the complex inter-dependence between firms, universities and government intermediaries. The paper considers implications for universities, arguing for a strategic balance of old and new forms of partnership across more institutions, taking into account the diversity of university contexts, knowledge fields, industrial sectors and technology platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutional innovations aimed at promoting closer relations between university and industry and, more particularly, research partnerships between faculties and firms, have multiplied in the last twenty years. New industry/university research partnerships (IURPs) are generally based upon a hybrid mode of management at all stages of the research process. In this article, we shed new light on the difficult conciliation between the logic of industry, technology and commercial interests on one side, and the logic of academic science and basic research on the other, through the in-depth study of a Canadian IURP -- named Infotech1. We draw upon the polity model developed by Boltanski, Thévenot and Chiapello, in order to explore the various logics of justification mobilised by academic and industry participants. We identify the possibilities of compromise that were worked out by Infotech1 participants, and the procedures that were put into place to make these compromises concrete. Finally, we make a few hypotheses about IURPs and the necessary conditions for their success in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is intended to present a descriptive analysis of a representative set of Spanish cooperative agreements in R&D activities between firms and Research Organisations (RO), including universities, public research centres and private institutes or associations. For this purpose, we have examined 800 collaborations (1995–2000) boosted by the public agency, Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI). Firstly, the main characteristics of the project have been studied such as investment, public subsidies, kind and number of partners and duration. Secondly, the various partners have been inquired about the reasons that have led them to cooperate in R&D. Finally, the results have been analysed from a global point of view and classified according to the nature of the partner with the aim of adopting a comparative perspective of the data. The results show that cooperation between firms and RO still is not the general pattern of behaviour in Spain for technological activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the collaboration between manufacturing firms and universities in Canada. The data comes from the Statistics Canada Survey of Innovation, 1999. After a survey of the literature we present a statistical description of collaborating firms, their reasons for collaboration and the impact of collaboration on their performance. The econometric analysis estimates the probability that a firm collaborates with universities. The results suggest that collaboration with universities is frequent in knowledge based industries. Research undertaken in partnerships complements, rather than replaces, R&D by collaborating firms. Collaboration improves the performance of innovating firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of the cooperation of private industrial firms with universities and the relevant transfer of knowledge is discussed here with special reference to the problems and opportunities that small and medium size enterprises face in such cases. A typology of barriers and facilitators within a broad network framework provides a structural approach to the description of these problems and opportunities. The longitudinal investigation of a case study enables an in-depth consideration of the evolution of barriers and facilitators of collaboration over time. The case indicates a fluid pattern of knowledge generation, transmission and absorption, which is then compared to (and contrasted with) the findings of the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a case study of an industry-university partnership and identifies benefits to participating companies and to the university. Engineering managers in both academia and industry can use this article to gain an understanding of the value of industry-university partnerships. Twenty-seven research and development (R&D) projects at the University of Alberta's Advanced Engineering Materials (UAAEM) Centre were evaluated. The projects were sponsored jointly by government and private sector companies. One important finding is that both university engineering researchers and engineering managers from industry can derive valuable but different benefits from the same research project. Another significant finding is that government investment can attract other investments to the projects. The research conducted for this report has revealed that UAAEM's R&D projects have significant positive impacts to the related companies, as well as to the university, professors, and students. Government seed capital of $170,000 attracted industry investment of $580,000, indicating a leverage of 4.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers de Recherche Sociologique is the property of Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Department de Sociologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examined the relation between self–esteem and responses to a romantic partner’s moods. College students in dating relationships imagined one scenario in which their romantic partners were in a positive mood and one in which their partners were in a negative mood. A probable source of each mood was suggested to half the participants. Participants reported their cognitive, affective, behavioral, and attributional responses to each scenario. When the partner’s mood was negative and ambiguous in cause, participants with low self–esteem felt more responsible for the mood, more rejected, and more hostile than did those with high self–esteem. A mediational analysis suggested a dependency regulation explanation of the results, such that low self–esteem people perceived self–directed negativity in their partners’ bad moods and in turn responded with more negativity toward their partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business enterprises and teaching institutions look for ways to develop closer relationships that will be mutually beneficial. This article describes one such experience. The relationship is called a corporate student board of directors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the importance of partnerships between universities and industry when it comes to conducting photonics research. He claims that in photonics, the level of interaction between industry and universities is active, since so much of the research poses opportunities for commercialization. He adds that before undertaking such partnerships, crucial issues are needed to be tackled in order to avoid a threat to independence or benefit to innovation.

The article presents an introductory statement to the November 1984 issue of the "Journal of Teacher Education." Collaboration suggests that individuals, groups or institutions work together to deal with problems or reach goals. The authors of the articles published in the issue describe various forms of collaboration. The articles are case studies of how businesses, colleges and schools have worked together to accomplish more effective teacher preparation in the U.S. True collaboration in teacher preparation among diverse professional and lay groups is perhaps unrealistic but there is an appeal to the notion of everyone's cooperation in creating partnerships to provide better schools, teachers and educational opportunities.