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Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal is one of the most widely used laser crystals because of its excellent properties. Thin disk laser with ultra-thin YAG crystal as gain medium is widely used in...

In this work, a novel 3-D equivalent circuit model of thermoelectric microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) microwave power sensor is proposed. According to the model, the 3-D temperature distribution and the response time of the thermoelectric MEMS microwave power sensor are obtained. The thermoelectric MEMS microwave power sensor is designed and fabricated based on GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology. The measured results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.06 mV/mW at 10 GHz and the time constant is $85~\mu \text{s}$ . The theoretical results of the model show that the sensitivity is 0.076 mV/mW at 10 GHz and the time constant is $56.24~\mu \text{s}$ . The measured results are relatively consistent with the theoretical results. Furthermore, the heat dissipation in the substrate can be obtained accurately, and the transient response of the sensor can be further studied according to the 3-D equivalent circuit model. Therefore, this work has a certain reference value and guiding significance for the research of thermoelectric MEMS microwave power sensors.

Purpose. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) including Chinese patent medicine has been widely used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Syndrome differentiation is the essence of TCM. However, the diagnostic ability of gastroenterologists to detect TCM syndromes in IBS in China remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of gastroenterologists to diagnose the TCM syndromes of IBS based on modified simple criteria compared with TCM practitioners. Methods. Patients meeting the Rome III criteria for IBS-D or IBS-C were recruited from six tertiary referral centers between January 2016 and December 2017. After learning the diagnosis criteria of the TCM syndromes in IBS, gastroenterologists first diagnosed the syndromes of the enrolled patients. Subsequently, the patients were diagnosed by TCM practitioners. The rate of agreement between the gastroenterologists and TCM practitioners was analyzed. In addition, demographic data and the distribution of TCM syndrome types in IBS were also analyzed. Results. A total of 178 patients (93 males and 85 females), including 131 patients with IBS-D and 47 patients with IBS-C, were enrolled in this study. The rate of agreement of the syndrome diagnosis between the gastroenterologists and TCM practitioners was 84.3%. The diagnosis consistency rates among IBS-D patients and IBS-C patients were 87.0% and 76.5%, respectively. The most common TCM syndrome type in IBS-D patients was liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome (27.5%), followed by spleen-yang deficiency syndrome (19.8%). Dryness and heat in intestine syndrome was the most common TCM syndrome in IBS-C patients (57.4%). Conclusions. Gastroenterologists had good diagnostic agreement with TCM practitioners for diagnosing TCM syndrome types in IBS after learning the diagnostic criteria. This knowledge can aid gastroenterologists in selecting suitable Chinese patent medicine to treat IBS.

Objective To compare the performance of gastroenterologists major in western medicine in diagnosing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of functional dyspepsia (FD), postprandial distress (PDS) and epigastric pain syndromes (EPS) based on the main symptoms, with that of traditional TCM practitioners in outpatient services. Methods Patients with PDS or EPS were enrolled in the study from six tertiary referral centers between January 2016 and December 2017. Their symptoms were first diagnosed by medical doctors, and then by the TCM practitioners. The diagnostic agreement between the gastroenterologists and the TCM practitioners was calculated. The patients' data and their types of FD syndrome were collected and analyzed. Results In total 160 patients, including 81 with PDS and 79 with EPS were enrolled. The total diagnostic consistency rate between the gastroenterologists and TCM practitioners was 86.3%, while that of PDS and EPS was 85.2% and 87.3%, respectively. The most common type of PDS diagnosed by TCM practitioners was liver-stomach disharmony syndrome (33.3%), spleen deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome (33.3%), while that for EPS was liver-stomach disharmony syndrome (36.7%). Conclusions Gastroenterologists had a high diagnostic agreement about the types of FD syndromes based on differential diagnosis of the main symptoms, compared with TCM practitioners. This may aid gastroenterologists in selecting Chinese medicine for FD-based on syndrome differentiation.

To improve the substrate-coating adherence of Nb-based boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes, laser surface texturing (LST) pretreatment was investigated. Substrates were textured by a Nd:YAG laser (1.06 μm radiation, 20 ns) with several laser parameters such as single pulse energy and scanning spacing, then coated with a BDD film by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). Characteristics of the substrates and BDD thin film electrodes were investigated. The results revealed that periodic valley-like structures were fabricated on substrate surfaces. LST pretreatment can significantly enhance the substrate-coating adherence of BDD electrode samples, and the laser cleaning step can effectively remove the surface oxide layer generated by laser pretreatment. Single pulse energy is a crucial influencing factor, the proper pulse energy can provide the best adherence property, providing sufficient surface treatment effect, promoting nucleation, release residual stress and promote the mechanical interlock. Suitable scanning spacing can further improve the coating adherence, and the match of scanning spacing and single pulse spacing can effectively avoid the directional peeling.

With the continuous development of Web attacks, many web applications have been suffering from various forms of security threats and network attacks. The security detection of URLs has always been the focus of Web security. Many web application resources can be accessed by simply entering an URL or clicking a link in the browser. An attacker can construct various web attacks such as SQL, XSS, and information disclosure by embedding executable code or injecting malicious code into the URL. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the reliability and security of web applications by accurately detecting malicious URLs. This paper designs a convolutional gated-recurrent-unit (GRU) neural network for the detection of malicious URLs detection based on characters as text classification features. Considering that malicious keywords are unique to URLs, a feature representation method of URLs based on malicious keywords is proposed, and a GRU is used in place of the original pooling layer to perform feature acquisition on the time dimension, resulting in high-accuracy multicategory results. The experimental results show that our proposed neural network detection model is very suitable for high-precision classification tasks. Compared with other classification models, the model accuracy rate is above 99.6%. The use of deep learning to classify URLs to identify Web visitors' intentions has important theoretical and scientific values for Web security research, providing new ideas for intelligent security detection.

Cryogenic abrasive air-jet (CAAJ) machining technology is performed simultaneously with the occurrence of the glass transition for PDMS material. However, the mask material is also cooled with cryogenic PDMS cooling. Then, they both show significant brittle characteristics. Therefore, this leads to very poor selectivity between the mask and the PDMS. To solve this problem, CAAJ direct-write machining under unmasking conditions are proposed based on the modified velocity model of abrasive particles in the radial direction. This technique was used to direct-write machined the PDMS materials under small SOD. Then, the effect of cryogenic conditions on machining characteristics of PDMS micro-channels was studied by comparing the abrasive air-jet direct-write machining at oblique angles and CAAJ direct-write machining technologies through a series of experimental studies and CFD simulations. The results show that the material removal mode is transformed to a semi-brittle one, which greatly improves erosion removal efficiency, aspect ratio and bottom surface roughness of the micro-channel. On the other hand, the change in the viscosity of the jet medium has a crucial influence on the geometry of the micro-channel. The rebound direction of abrasive particles changes, and the sidewall of micro-channels is secondarily eroded due to an increase in jet medium viscosity in CAAJ. This, in turn, leads to a micro-channel with "U"-shaped profile. In addition, during CAAJ direct-write machining, sliding, scratching, and rolling of abrasive particles caused by bubble bursting can effectively reduce the bottom surface roughness of the micro-channel.

We study the nonlinear optical limiting effect of graphene dispersions in ethanol and acetone at a wavelength of 1064 nm. The nonlinear optical limiting effect of graphene dispersion under three different linear transmittances (about 70%, 80%, and 90%), two different thicknesses (1 and 3 cm), and two different solvents (ethanol and acetone) are measured. The influences of concentration, thickness, and solvent on the nonlinear optical limiting effect of the graphene dispersion are analyzed. The experimental results show that the concentration and solution thicknesses have great influence on the optical limiting ability of graphene dispersions. The graphene dispersions with ethanol and acetone as solvents can be used to achieve excellent nonlinear optical limiting effects. The optical limiting ability of the graphene dispersion in acetone is better than that of the graphene dispersion in ethanol.

Jackhammer (hypercontractile) esophagus presents with dysphagia and chest pain. Current treatments are limited. We describe a 60-year-old man who presented with dysphagia, chest pain and heartburn for a period of 1 year. His workup showed Barrett's esophagus on endoscopy and high-resolution manometry demonstrated jackhammer esophagus with esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction. The patient was treated with proton pump inhibitor and nifedipine but without resolution of his symptoms. He was followed up to assess the efficacy of treatment with deanxit (flupentixol + melitracen). Dysphagia and chest pain resolved during the therapeutic trial and efficacy was maintained on maintenance treatment without troublesome side effects.

In this paper, we investigate third-order nonlinearities in aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin film by the Z-scan method at a wavelength of 1064 nm. We carried out experiments under different pulse widths (26 ns, 62 ns, and 101 ns) and energy densities (5.3 J/cm2, 10.6 J/cm2, and 15.9 J/cm2) and obtained the nonlinear absorption coefficient, nonlinear refractive index, and third-order nonlinear susceptibility of AZO thin film. The Z-scan results show that AZO thin film exhibits a larger nonlinear refractive index (−5.48×10−13 m2/W) and third-order nonlinear susceptibility (1.97×10−6 esu) than those of some other semiconductor materials at the wavelength of 1064 nm. This suggests that AZO thin film may be a very promising nonlinear medium for nonlinear photonics applications in the tens of nanoseconds regime.

Vanadium oxide films were deposited at different sputtering times on sapphire substrates by radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of thickness on the surface structural, morphology and optical-switching properties of the films were studied comprehensively. X-ray diffraction results show that all the prepared films are polycrystalline vanadium pentoxide films (V2O5) on (001) preferred orientation. Both root-mean-square roughness and average surface grain size decrease with the increase of thickness. With the thickness reduction, the closing time decreases first and then increases at the turning point of 350 nm, and the maximum and the minimum are 2.7 ms at 600 nm and 1.7 ms at 350 nm, respectively. The recovery time decreases rapidly with the reduction of the film, which varies from 40 ms at 600 nm to 27 ms at 150 nm. More concerning, the dynamic range of transmittance varies greatly from thickness, and the transmittance ratio before and after the phase transition covers from 3.75 at 1...

This paper established the model base, knowledge base, application base and test base for the cold extrusion process of internal thread and developed decision support system which realized the centralized management of related information for cold extrusion process of internal thread, maintained the consistency of data in real time and enforced the degree of information sharing. By using of the decision support system, expert system, intelligent inference technology and depending on the application requirements of the system, the overall structure of the decision support system for cold extrusion process of internal thread was established based on J2EE technology. Two accessorial decision-making methods of hybrid forecasting and application modification facilitated modeling the system business. Three-dimensional frame structure was used to represent the application example of the internal thread by cold extrusion process and to achieve the application type, information scalability of internal thread by cold extrusion process. Hybrid fast predicting mechanism which was the dynamic integration of internal thread by cold extrusion process knowledge and instance inference was applied to seek the optimal degree of internal thread by cold extrusion process.

In this paper, the dynamometer for measuring the forces of the tool in FSW process was designed. The design principle of the dynamometer was adopted octagonal ring deformation to get the forces in FSW process. The design dynamometer was calibrated, the result showed the linearity and cross sensitivity of the dynamometer in allowed range, the worked reliable of the dynamometer was good. It can be used to measure the forces in FSW process.

large diameter internal thread of high-strength steel(LDITHSS) manufactured by traditional methods always has the problems of low accuracy and short life. Compared with traditional methods, the cold extrusion process is an effective means to realize higher accuracy and longer life. The low-cycle fatigue properties of LDITHSS are obtained by experiments, and the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks are observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Based on the mechanical properties, surface microstructure and residual stress, the strengthening mechanism of cold extruded large diameter internal thread(LDIT) is discussed. The results show that new grains or sub-grains can be formed on the surface of LDIT due to grain segmentation and grain refinement during cold extrusion. The fibrous structures appear as elongated and streamlined along the normal direction of the tooth surface which leads to residual compressive stress on the extruded surface. The maximum tension stress of LDIT after cold extrusion is found to be 192.55 kN. Under low stress cycling, the yield stress on thread increases, the propagation rate of crack reduces, the fatigue life is thus improved significantly with decreasing surface grain diameter and the average fatigue life increases to 45.539×103 cycle when the maximum applied load decreases to 120 kN. The low cycle fatigue and strengthening mechanism of cold extruded LDIT revealed by this research has significant importance to promote application of internal thread by cold extrusion processing.

Process force and tensile properties in friction stir welding of AA2024 sheets were studied. Results show that the forces present a periodic variation with the same periodicity which is nearly equal to the time of one tool rotation, and thus it only depends on rotation speed. With increasing welding speed the forces increase gradually, while with increasing rotation speed the forces first decrease and then increase. Joints with superior strength-ductility synergy are produced at 900 rev min−1–300 mm min−1 and 1000 rev min−1–350 mm min−1. These joints experience nearly the same peak temperature and axial force. As heat input increases the failure initiates from the interface between nugget zone (NZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone to heat-affected zone continuing to NZ.

In this paper, we investigate the optical limiting effect of C 70 solution at a wavelength of 1064 nm. We experimentally measured the transmittance of C 70 solution under three different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mmol/L), three different solution thicknesses (5, 10, and 20 mm), and two different solvents (toluene and xylene) and obtained the values of absorption cross sections and relaxation times in the five-level absorption model of C 70 solution. The influences of concentration, thickness, and solvent on the optical limiting effect of the C 70 solution are analyzed. We also measured transmittance of C 60 solution under the same conditions and compared the results with those of C 70 solution. The experimental results show that concentration and solution thicknesses have great influence on the optical limiting ability of C 70 solution. The optical limiting effect of C 70 solution is better than that of C 60 solution at low concentration and worse than that of C 60 solution at high concentration.

We propose a novel topological photonic crystal nonlinear laser power limiter based on topological edge states and optical Kerr effect. In the proposed laser power limiter, a one-dimensional photonic crystal in topological edge state allows the relatively weak signal light with a certain wavelength to pass through with high transmission, but blocks most of the intense hostile or accidental laser with the same wavelength due to the change of topological edge state generated from optical Kerr effect. Taking a 1064 nm wavelength as an example, we have designed such a nonlinear laser power limiter corresponding to the wavelength. When the optical power density is low (less than 0.12 MW/cm2), the light transmission can reach 82.54%, and the transmission can be reduced to 1.04% when the optical power density is increased to 11.66 MW/cm2. Therefore, this method provides a new promising approach to realize laser protection at the desired wavelength.

As an internal driving force to promote economic growth, residents’ consumption also has an important impact on energy consumption. Based on the difference of consumption structure between urban and rural residents, this paper introduces the income gap variable of urban and rural residents, analyzes the impact of urban and rural residents’ consumption on energy consumption, and provides reference for the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies. On this basis, the author believes that the government should take flexible measures to control energy consumption according to the differences between urban and rural areas, make accurate efforts, and steadily promote the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction.

An attempt is made here to join 2024 aluminum alloy plate by friction stir joining (FSJ) using tools with different eccentricity. Joint surface morphology was observed, and the sizes of both arc line spacing and flash were measured. Furthermore, study the effect of eccentricity of the tool on the surface topography of FSJ joint and analyze the formation of the joint surface topography. It is found that, the space trajectory of long axis of shoulder which formed by the eccentricity of the tool determine the morphology of the arc lines; the ratio between the feed speed and the rotation speed determine the arc line spacing; length of time that long axis of shoulder squeeze the edge of the joint line in the advancing side and the retreating side determines the size of flash in both sides of the joint line. Arc lines were regularly distributed in the joint lines and there are also regular texture structure distributed in the flash of each side. The flash in the advancing side is less than the retreating side. Increasing the amount of eccentricity, it has litter effect on the arc line spacing but will destroy the arc lines morphology in the joint surface and promote the formation of filamentous flash structure in the both sides of the joint.

Aiming at the characteristics of the vehicle dispatching problem for JIT distribution in NC workshop, a two-stage strategy was used, and a new hybrid genetic algorithm was put forward based on traditional heuristic algorithm and modern intelligent algorithm. Firstly, a greedy matrix sweep algorithm was designed to allocate the distribution mission for vehicles, which significantly optimized the population of the genetic algorithm. Then, the traditional genetic algorithm was improved to solve the best distribution order for every vehicle. Thus, a new hybrid genetic algorithm used for vehicle dispatching for JIT distribution in NC workshop is constructed. Computational results of an application instance shows that the algorithm is effective and feasible, which also has higher efficiency and better optimization result than the single genetic algorithm.

Under the cloud computing environment, expert-based group decision is proposed for fuzzy comprehensive evaluation problem, which has not been studied in the area of secure multi-party decision. This paper proposes expert-based group decision with the shapley-evidential reasoning. The theory put forward based on the evidence theory. This approach can effectively deal with the relevance, importance, little evidence synthetic conflict. The practical example is given to show the availability of the given method. The experimental results map out the correct possibilities for our algorithm. In the end, an example is put forward to validate this method with practical decision-making effect.

// Qifeng Wu 1 , He Bai 2 , Chu-Long Huang 3 , Yongming Zhang 1,4 , Xiayun Zeng 4 , Huan Wan 1 , Wen Zuo 5 , Hai-Ying Wang 3 , Yi-Xin Zeng 1,5,6,7 and Yan-Dong Wang 3 1 National Cancer Center /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China 2 Department of Drug and Cosmetics Registration (Department of TCMs and Ethno- Medicines Supervision), China Drug and Food Administration, Beijing, P. R. China 3 State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China 4 Guangdong Wholewin Technology Ltd., Foshan, P. R. China 5 Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China 6 Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China 7 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, P. R. China Correspondence to: Yi-Xin Zeng, email: // Yan-Dong Wang, email: // Keywords : isoflavones; retinoblastoma; mTOR pathway; cyclin E1 Received : March 28, 2017 Accepted : June 27, 2017 Published : July 18, 2017 Abstract Isoflavones, bioactive soy compounds, are known to exhibit anticancer activities. The present study investigated the anticancer activities of isoflavones on human retinoblastoma Y79 cells in vitro and in vivo . An MTT cell viability assay showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration value of isoflavones against human retinoblastoma Y79 cells is 1.23 ± 0.42 μmol/l. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that isoflavones blocked G1/S progression. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in Y79 cells was inhibited by isoflavones, with a concomitant decrease in cyclin E1, which accounted for the isoflavone-mediated G1 phase arrest. Isoflavones also inhibited human retinoblastoma growth in vivo ; western blot analysis showed inhibition of mTOR and downregulation of cyclin E1 in an isoflavone-treated xenograft mouse model. Together, these results illustrate that isoflavones inhibit retinoblastoma tumour growth in vitro and vivo and that inactivation of the mTOR pathway and downregulation of cyclin E1 is involved in this action. The results of this study suggest that isoflavones could be tested as promising anti-retinoblastoma agent.

The thread whirling is an efficient and precise machining process for manufacturing of screws. The shaping motion of whirling is complex and difficult to model. In this paper, a novel model basing on equivalent cutting volume is proposed. The cutting force and the chip morphology are investigated to validate the model. The simulation of cutting force is in good agreement with the experimental results with error less than 16.5%. A chip with saw-toothed edges is obtained from simulation and for experimental verification. A case study on the effect of the tool edge geometry on cutting forces is also presented. The simulation results show that the tool edge geometry greatly influences the cutting forces. The tool with round edge is a good choice for reducing the cutting forces. The ratio of ac/Re holds the balance in selecting the parameter of cutting conditions. The model is applicable for the simulation of whirling process and can be used for parameter optimisation of the cutting tool edge.

Under the circumstances of enterprises facing increasing competition, R&D is becoming the key to drive private technology enterprises to enhance the level of technological innovation and core competencies. This paper used questionnaire survey data from 155 shanghai private technology enterprises to describe their present situation of R&D and effectively analyzed the R&D problems. Finally, on the basis of the present situation and problems, the rationalizing countermeasures were proposed in order to provide some guidance and reference for the further development of shanghai private technology enterprises.

Analysis about the cause of the main failure and the forces of the main welding outer cylinder of the recent large aircraft landing gear were given. The impact load for main welding outer cylinder in the process of the taking off and landing was calculated of 580MPa. Finite element model of the main welding outer cylinder was then established and the influence of the impact loading to the main welding outer cylinder was analyzed. The results showed that crack was most likely take place on the top of the outer cylinder, and then on the two welds. The crack expanded in an S shape. This study could provide an important basis for the safety of the aircraft landing gear inspection and service life prediction.

Because the multi-frame component has thin walls, variable wall thickness and a high reconciliation precision request, the design restrains are many, and the variable is big, the manufacture restrains must be considered in the design stage. In this study, a method called “house-building frame modeling” is introduced firstly, and the finite element model of the milling distortion analysis is established for the multi-frame components by the method, and the prediction analysis of the milling distortion under different milling conditions is carried out, by means of 3-D finite element simulation technology. Comparing the simulation results and the measurement ones of the milling distortion, the proposed model is modified; the modeling method and prediction method are proved to be effective. Software system is developed specially for the modeling and the distortion prediction for multi-frame part. By using of the software, a platform structure with 192 frames is analyzed and its milling distortion is predicted successfully. reference on the purpose of optimizing milling coefficient.

Chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond film has broad application foreground in high-tech fields. But polycrystalline CVD self-standing diamond thick film has rough surface and non-uniform thickness that adversely affect its extensive applications. Laser polishing is a useful method to smooth self-standing diamond film. At present, attentions have been focused on experimental research on laser polishing, but the revealing of theoretical model and the forecast of polishing process are vacant. The paper presents a finite element model to simulate and analyze the mechanism of laser polishing diamond based on laser thermal conduction theory. The experimental investigation is also carried out on Nd:YAG pulsed laser smoothing diamond thick film. The simulation results have good accordance with the results of experimental results. The temperature and thermal stress fields are investigated at different incidence angles and parameters of Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The pyramidal-like roughness of diamond thick film leads to the non-homogeneous temperature fields. The temperature at the peak of diamond film is much higher than that in the valley, which leads to the smoothing of diamond thick film. The effect of laser parameters on the surface roughness and thickness of graphite transition layer is also carried out. The results show that high power density laser makes the diamond surface rapid heating, evaporation and sublimation after its graphitization. It is also found that the good polish quality of diamond thick film can be obtained by a combination of large incident angle, moderate laser pulsed energy, large repetition rate and moderate laser pulse width. The results obtained here provide the theoretical basis for laser polishing diamond film with high efficiency and high quality.

Synchronized Phasor Measurement Unit with CAN bus can be used to phasor acquisition and real-time dynamic monitoring of ship power system. As it is known to all, traditional CAN communication is based on event-triggered mechanism. Message transmission will be delayed when there are a lot of messages in CAN bus. This paper used TTCAN protocol to synchronize the master and slave clock nodes based on STM32 microcontrollers. A Fast Fourier transform of AD samples was been done and transferred to host computer through CAN bus which reflects the real-time running status of system well.

This report describes a two-dimensional monitoring system for milling machines using small-diameter tools. Small-diameter tools are used for high-speed milling, and they are indispensable for high-quality and high-productivity manufacturing. However, tool breakage occasionally occurs, and this becomes a serious problem in automated production. This study aims to develop a system for monitoring the cutting state that can prevent tool breakage. The proposed system consists of two charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras, an image processing device, a man-machine controller (MMC), and a machining center with an open computer numeric (CNC). This monitoring system is connected to the machining center by Ethernet. It enables the precise measurement of tool deflection during high-speed milling. In an experiment, we applied this system to the end milling of a steel plate under different cutting conditions, and we examined the relationship between tool deflection and the cutting conditions. In addition, we applied this monitoring system to measure tool wear, and we examined the relationship between tool deflection and tool wear. It was found that the proposed system enabled in-process monitoring of the cutting state and tool wear.

The 5-aix machining postprocessor of non-orthogonal machine tool is difficult to develop. On the analysis of characteristics of non-orthogonal machining center with dual worktables and 5-axis milling programming, a postprocessing algorithm of 5-axis milling is presented. Based on the algorithm, a postprocessor is developed by Visual C++ to convert tool path file to G-code file. For tentative validation of the postprocessor, a simulation model of the machine is established by Ver-icut to simulate G-code files created by the program. Finally a test workpiece is machined, which confirms the validity of the postprocessor.

Lean Production, which was born in manufacturing industry, is considered to be the most suitable production mode for the modern manufacturing enterprises. This paper investigates the application of Lean Production Thinking in the assembly technology, and proposes the concept of Lean Assembly. The Lean Assembly could be described as follows: Eliminating all wastes in assembly process through certain management tools and technologies. There are three sub goals of Lean Assembly: zero inventories, high flexibility, zero defects. What’s more, this paper studies several key technologies, such as assembly line balancing, mixed-model scheduling, part supplying, assembly cell, virtual assembly etc.

The necessity of fixed abrasive CMP in polishing semiconductor materials processing was analyzed. Compared the shortcomings of traditional free abrasive polishing with the advantages of fixed abrasive polishing, the applications of fixed abrasive polishing technology in semiconductor processing were described. A variety of fixed abrasive polishing pad production methods were introduced. The development trend of fixed abrasive polishing was prospected.

In this paper, a management system for tools life cycle based on B/S architecture was established. First, tools were classified by applications and each individual was encoded by 13 numbers. An improved nixietube font as marking character was created. Then, a method of laser character marking on tool and a method of character distinguish were discussed in detail. At last, system function modules were designed. Finally, the work flow of system was introduced.

This paper comprehensively uses a combination of methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation as well as the model test to do the structural analysis to some type of the passenger cabin doors, so as to set up the model for the descriptions of the part subjected to explosion impact loading; Through the tests, we gets the explosion impact loading and other important physical parameters. Aimed at the material of the door as well as the simplified models subjected to the explosion impact loading, the numerical simulation is put up by the finite element software ABAQUS. The necessity of the reinforcement is deeply analyzed as well as the difficulties during the process of the reinforcement, furthermore, the reinforcement measures are proposed to the airliner door. Keywords: Numerical simulation; Explosion impact loading; Explosion-combustion power equipments

Maths model based on wo-dimensionalhas was built to simulate the velocity and pressure field of the growth of diamond film. Firtstly，the plasma jet flow is supposed as steady state incompressible gas, which meets with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The model of the growth of convex diamond film considers different convex height of Mo substrate. The velocity and pressure field were simulated by CFD respectively.The simulational results show that, the distributions of velocity and pressure fields were fluctuant in reaction chamber. When convex height of Mo substrate was 9mm, DC plasma jet was smoother than the other heights, thus, we predicts that diamond film easily grows. Meanwhile, we prepared four diamond films in different heights of substrate, by DCPJCVD. Raman spectra were used to investigate the quality of convex diamond film. It was found that, when the height of convex substrate was 9mm, convex diamond film had only diamond characteristic peak. It is obvious that numerical analysis help us predict the distributions of velocity and pressure fields and synthesize high quality convex diamond film.

In this paper, the study is carried out on the milling parameters optimization and cutting database development of radar key parts in electronics industry. The method is proposed in detail on parameters optimization. The material removal rate is chosen as optimization objective. The cutting constraints include machining tool power, tool life, surface quality, deformation and strength of milling cutter and the chatter stability. The genetic algorithm is selected as global optimal method. At last, it presents the solutions of cutting database based on Web, which include general structure, basic function and entity relationship data model.

The processing of rough machining and semi-finishing of revolving body stone is studied, according to the particularity of stone machining. Based on the study of processing, the system of computer aided programming and simulation for the revolving body stone is mainly researched. This system integrates the NC code automatic generation module and numerically controlled machining simulation module and this system is able to verify the pre-existing NC code. Thus greatly improves the efficiency and raises the quality.

According to the airplane landing gear anti-fatigue manufacturing, a new data acquisition system for cold extrusion of internal threads was developed based on LabVIEW platform. And the acquisition, presentation and storage of the data including the torque moment, temperature and tap vibration for cold extrusion process of internal threads were realized. The problem that the data lost during the acquisition was resolved by using the producer/consumer design mode. The experiment that cold extrusion of internal threads in Q460 high strength steel which size is M22×1.5 was completed, and the result shows that the system is reliable and meets the requirements of the measurement.

The ice fixed abrasives (IFA) polishing is a potential polishing process in the semiconductor industry to realize superior surface finish and planarity for semiconductor wafers. The key question in IFA polishing is how to keep suitable ambient temperature and melting rate in production process in order to avoid premature failure of the IFA pad. In this paper, effects of ambient temperature (T), pressure in cylinder (Pc), rotary speed of IFA pad (v) and eccentricity of pressure head (e) on temperature distribution and melting rate of the IFA pad are researched. The results show that T should be kept at about 10 °C in order to control the melting rate of the IFA pad effectively and keep longer polishing time. And suitable Pc, e can be kept at 0.075 MPa or 0.1 MPa and 20 mm or 30 mm, respectively. In order to increase IFA polishing efficiency, the rotary speed of IFA pad can be increased appropriately. All the results provide the basis for choosing suitable processing parameters in IFA polishing.

Simple genetic algorithm has shortcomings of poor local search ability and premature convergence. To overcome these disadvantages, simulated annealing algorithm which has good local search ability was combined with genetic algorithm to form simulated annealing genetic algorithm. The tests by two commonly used test functions of Shaffer’s F6 and Rosenbrock show that simulated annealing genetic algorithm outperforms the simple genetic algorithm both in convergence rate and convergence quality. Finally, the simulated annealing genetic algorithm was firstly applied in a practical problem of balancing and sequencing design of mixed-model assembly line, once again, the solution results show that simulated annealing genetic algorithm outperforms the simple genetic algorithm. Meanwhile, it provides a new algorithm for solving the design problem of mixed-model assembly line.

In this paper, test method was used to study the distribution of cutting force while blade machined with 4-axis and 5-axis NC program. The main difference between the two program was given. The difference of machining forms between 4-axis and 5-axis has led to their cutting forces distribution were different. The change of cutting force in 4-axis machining was large while the 5-axis machining was relatively stable. 5-axis cutting force had no impact comparing with 4-axis, which is more suitable for blade machining.

A new concept of surface geometric microtexture design is put forward in this article. The conditions of surface geometric microtexture are closely associated with the working surface’s capabilities of machine parts. Therefore, the distinction of surface topography will make a great difference to functional characteristics. However, the link between surface topography and functional characteristics has been neglected for long. With the development of manufacturing technology, special surface geometric microtexture can be designed and processed to achieve some specific goals. Surface geometric mecrotexture design based on function has been one of the important design criterions in some fields along with principle design and structure design, on account of its engineering special pertinence plus its significance in engineering and theoretical study.

The size and accuracy of the micro-structure is determined by the performance of micro-milling tool. To reduce the tool vibration and improve the machining quality, research on the mechanical characteristics of micro-milling tool is necessary. Finite element method was used to research the mechanical characteristics of micro-milling in this paper. By Mode and Static Analysis, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of various structure of micro-milling cutter was studied. The stress and deformation characteristic, including the influence, was also studied. Finally, the suggestion of optimal structure was supplied.

The green fixture is the research focus, but the current research is centralized on the fixture driven by the air. It will lead to a noise polution and a small clamping force. Using the green electromagnetic conversion technology, a new clamping system to clamp the workpiece is provided, which is composed of the giant magnetostrictive material as working medium and the displacement amplifier with the area effect. This device can realize the flexible configuration of clamping at multi-place, for multi-workpiece and in multi-direction. Furthermore, this clamping system using the A/D converter and the sensor technology of pressure and displacement to collect the relative data, the collected data can to be putted in the computer and be processed，so it is easy to control the clamp force and clamping displacement intelligently.

Firstly, taking the stability of the forestay bar as the restraint, the section area of the forestay bar was optimized from 1800 mm2 to 1178 mm2, with reduced weight of 16.1%. Secondly, the equivalent load of the forestay bar was obtained by using dynamics simulation software. Finally, the stress field and the fatigue life of the forestay bar were simulated. The results show that stress of the forestay bar with 929MPa can meet the requirement for its material strength, and fatigue life of 51200 times also satisfies the request of the nose landing gear. That is, material property of the forestay bar is utilized more than before, and its weight decreased successfully.

Diamond convex surface films were synthesized on molybdenum substrate using DC plasma Jet CVD (DCPJCVD), and their microstructure and topography were characterized by those techniques such as X ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy respectively. It showed that, when the substrate was pre-treated by polishing using successive micron diamond powder (about 30～3μm), diamond film was a polycrystalline texture and (111) faces were dominant. Raman spectrum shows that high quality diamond convex surface film was prepared successfully. Meantime, We used Finite element methods (FEM) to simulate the velocity, pressure and temperature fields of reaction chamber respectively, and it indicated that the distribution of the velocity, pressure fields were fluctuant, which had negative influence on diamond film, but the temperature fields is uniform, and it is an important factor to prepare high quality diamond convex surface film.

A kind of model oriented assembly process simulation in WTK environment has been proposed. In the model, firstly, the assembly hierarchy of mechanical products can be presented clearly. Secondly, the assembly constraints between parts can be added to the model easily. At last, the assembly process information such as assembly sequence and path for each part can be recorded at real time in the model. Then, the converted method from PRO/E system to WTK environment about the mechanical product’s design information including geometric models, product design hierarchies and constraints has been discussed, which makes for easier building the model in the virtual environment.

The anisotropy of LBO crystal leads to the different properties of different crystal faces, such as thermal expansion coefficient, which results in trouble of ultra-precision machining. Chemical mechanical polishing of a face (001), b face (010) and c face (001) of LBO crystal by adopting Logitech PM5 Precision Lapping & Polishing Machine in the same process conditions was investigated. The effect of anisotropy on MRR and surface roughness was studied. In the same CMP process conditions, c face of LBO crystal is the highest MRR, b face is inferior to and a face is the lowest. And surface roughness of c face is the best, b face is followed and a face is the worst. The results also show that the anisotropy leads to the different MRR and surface roughness on different crystal faces. In CMP of LBO crystal, the higher MRR is, and the better surface roughness is in the scope of experiment.