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WOS: 000402475400003, PubMed ID: 28433069, In this study, female rats induced with chemical cystitis were administered the hormone human choriogonadotropin (HCG), and it was aimed to reveal the usefulness of HCG in the treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. The materials for this study were 32 Wistar albino female rats. The study groups were formed as follows: the cystitis group (Group 1), the cystitis + HCG protection group (Group 2), the cystitis + HCG treatment group (Group 3), and the control group (Group 4), with eight rats in each group. In this study, blood and urine samples were taken from the rats, they were euthanized, and their bladders were removed for glutathione, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma measurements. It was observed that tissue damage in Group 2 was lower than that in the other two groups. Glutathione levels in Groups 2 and 4 were significantly higher than in Groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.01). Malondialdehyde levels of Groups 2 and 4 were significantly lower than the values in Groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.001). When the cystitis groups were compared in terms of their interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, the lowest interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were detected in Group 3. It was found that HCG has positive effects on experimental cystitis in rats. This study revealed that HCG should be researched as a therapeutic agent and formed a step for studies to be carried out on this subject. Copyright (C) 2017, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC., Bozok University Scientific Research Project Department [2014TF/A136], This study was financially supported by Bozok University Scientific Research Project Department (2014TF/A136).

PURPOSE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that often leads to complications. We aimed to correlate two complications of DM, polyneuropathy and hyperactive bladder syndrome, using noninvasive measures, such as screening tests. METHODS We included 80 female and 40 male type 2 diabetic patients in this prospective study. Diabetic polyneuropathy evaluations were conducted using the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions (DN4), and overactive bladder (OAB) evaluations were performed using the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-V8). The patients were also evaluated for retinopathy and nephropathy. The diabetic male and female patients with or without OAB were chosen and compared for microvascular complications (polyneuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy). RESULTS There were no significant correlations between OAB and retinopathy as well as between OAB and nephropathy among diabetic patients (female patients, P>0.05; male patients, P>0.05 ). However, the patients with OAB were significantly more likely to develop polyneuropathy (female patients, P

research Giriş: Benign prostat hiperplazisi'ne (BPH) sekonder gelişen alt üriner sistem semptomları (AÜSS) yaygın ve yaşlı erkeklerin yaşam kalitesini etkileyen bir durumdur. Araştırmacılara göre AÜSS/BPH hastalarının önemli bir oranında (% 22,6) anksiyete veya depresyon rapor edilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bor Devlet Hastanesi üroloji polikliniğine AÜSS ile başvuran ardışık 42 hasta muayene edildi ve maximum idrar akım hızı (Qmax), Uluslararası Prostat Semptom Skoru (IPSS) sonuçları kaydedildi. Ayrıca hastalarda IPSS yaşam kalite endexi (QoL) ve anksiyete için Hamilton anksiyete değerlendirme ölçeği kullanıldı. Hastalar IPSS'ye göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 orta (IPSS 19) AÜSS. Aynı şeklide hastalar Qmax'a göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup 3 orta (Qmax >9) ve grup 4 şiddetli (Qmax 19) LUTS. Patients according to Qmax were divided into two groups as moderate (group 3, Qmax >9) and severe (group 4, Qmax

The aim of our study was to evaluate whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a predictor of disease progression and recurrence in patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). This was a prospective study of 86 patients with newly diagnosed NMIBC. The patients were classified by the number of points assigned by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk tables. The correlation between progression score, recurrence score, age, mean platelet volume, red blood cell distribution width and NLR was assessed statistically. The same parameters were compared between the risk groups. A significant difference in NLR and age values was observed between recurrence and progression risk score groups. The relationships between NLR and recurrence and progression risk scores were no longer significant after correcting for the statistical effect of age on scores. Age was significantly different between groups after adjusting for NLR. Our study revealed that NLR and age were associated with patient age and bladder tumor progression and recurrence risk scores. After correcting for age, the significant relationship with NLR was lost, in contrast to some previous studies. We recommend that patient age should be corrected to avoid misleading results in NLR studies.

Objective. Vardenafil is used in treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) but reveals variable clinical outcomes. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role of aortic elasticity in predicting vardenafil success among patients with ED.Methods. Sixty-one consecutive male subjects with primary ED and indication for vardenafil treatment were included. All subjects fulfilled 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) before the vardenafil treatment. Pretreatment aortic stiffness index (ASI) and aortic distensibility (AD) were obtained echocardiographically. Following two-month vardenafil treatment, the patients were reevaluated with IIEF-5. Pretreatment, posttreatment, and ΔIIEF-5 scores and ASI values were compared.Results. Average age was54±8years. Pretreatment and posttreatment IIEF-5 and ΔIIEF-5 scores were9.1±2.5;18.5±2.3; and9.4±3, respectively. Mean ASI and AD values were3.10±0.54and4.13±2.551/(103 × mmHg) accordingly. ASI value of severe pretreatment ED (n=15) was significantly higher than that of mild-moderate pretreatment ED (n=12) (p<0.001). All pretreatment IIEF-5 scores increased significantly compared to posttreatment IIEF-5 scores (p<0.001). ASI values were significantly correlated to pretreatment IIEF-5 scores (p<0.001) and ΔIIEF-5 value (p<0.001) but not to posttreatment IIEF-5 score.Conclusion. Aortic elasticity was impaired in accordance with degree of ED. The subjects with higher ASI values obtained more benefits from vardenafil.

Objective To assess cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and Methods One hundred and twenty-three patients who were evaluated for the presence of benign prostatic hyperplasia with accompanying symptoms were included in the study. Patients were also examined by cardiology department to assess and measure cardiovascular risk factors, left ventricular functions, and carotid intima-media thickness. Results Cardiovascular risk factors adjusted carotid intima-media thickness was found to be different between 3 groups, being highest in the severely symptomatic group and lowest in the mildly symptomatic group. Significant correlation of prostatic volume was shown with carotid intima-media thickness after adjusting prostatic volume for body mass index and age, and carotid intima-media thickness for cardiovascular risk factors (r = 0.75 P = .01). Linear regression analysis revealed that carotid intima-media thickness significantly associated with prostatic volume (beta coefficient: 0.628; confidence interval: 37.02-60.1; P = .001). Conclusion We have demonstrated that prostatic tissue has significant association with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammation parameters and assess the utility of the neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a simple and readily available predictor for clinical disease activity in patients with nenign prostate hyperplasia BPH. We also aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory parameters with α-blocker therapy response, and evaluate the potential association between NLR and the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).We examined 320 consecutive patients (July 2013-December 2013) admitted to our outpatient clinic with symptoms of the lower urinary tract at Bozok University. The mean age was 60 (range, 51-75) years. Complete blood count (CBC), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. Correlations between PSA, CRP, ESR, prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPPS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and NLR were assessed statistically. Patients were divided into two groups: high and low risk of progression.NLR was positively correlated with IPSS (p=0.001, r=0.265), PSA (p=0.001, r=0.194), and negatively correlated with Qmax (p0.001, r=-0.236). High-risk patients a had a higher NLR compared with low-risk patients, based on IPSS (p0.001), PSA (p=0.013), and Qmax (p0.001); however, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age (p0.05), and prostate volume (p0.05).NLR can predict BPH progression. We propose that increased inflammation is negatively associated with clinical status in BPH patients and suggest that NLR can give information along with LUTS severity which may be used as a readikly accessible marker for patient follow-up.

Hemangiomas are usually superficial, localized, and commonly involve the heador neck, although up to 30% may be seen in the liver. Hemangioma involving theglans penis is extremely rare. A patient with red swelling on the glans penis wasadmitted for circumcision to our clinic. We performed concomitant surgicalexcision together with circumcision, and presented the advantages of surgicaltreatment in such a case.

A 32-years old woman presented to the emergency room of Bozok University Research Hospital with right renal colic. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) showed compression of the proximal ureter by the right ovarian vein and compression of the right distal ureter by the right external iliac vein. To the best of our knowledge, right proximal ureteral compression by the ovarian vein together with distal ureteral compression by the external iliac vein have not been reported in the literature. Ovarian vein and external iliac vein compression should be considered in patients presenting to the emergency room with renal colic or low back pain and a dilated collecting system.

Introduction. There is an increasing interest in the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular risk factor. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with insulin resistance, increased cardiometabolic risk, and coronary artery disease. Our aim was to investigate relationships between epicardial fat thickness (EFT) as a cardiometabolic risk factor and erectile dysfunction.Method. We selected 30 erectile dysfunction patients without comorbidities and 30 healthy individuals. IIEF-5 score was applied to all patients, and IIEF-5 score below 22 was considered as erectile dysfunction. EFT was measured by echocardiography.Results. Body mass index (BMI) was higher in ED patients than those without ED (28.19 ± 4.45 kg/m2versus23.84±2.36 kg/m2,P = 0.001, resp.). Waist circumstance (WC) was higher in ED patients than those without ED (106.60±5.90versus87.86 ± 14.51,P = 0.001, resp.). EFT was higher in ED patients compared to non-ED patients (0.49 ± 0.09 cm versus0.45 ± 0.03 cm,P = 0.016, resp.). There was positive correlation among BMI, WC, and EFT. There was negative correlation between EFT and IIEF-5 score (r : -0.632,P = 0.001).Conclusion. EAT, BMI, and WC as cardiometabolic risk factors were higher in erectile dysfunction patients.

WOS:000397737200010 PubMed: 28361516 Purpose: In this study, we investigated overactive bladder (OAB) functions in male patients who used antidepressant drugs (ADs) that were previously examined in female patients, based on conflicting data in literature regarding the effects of AD on OAB and the differences between male and female urinary system physiologies (anatomical and hormonal). Methods: The study included 202 male patients (a control group of 90 healthy subjects, and an experimental group of 112 patients taking ADs for different disorders). All the patients completed the overactive bladder-validated 8 (OAB-V8) questionnaire, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDS). Results: The OAB-V8, ICIQ-SF, and BDS scores for the antidepressant users were significantly higher than those of the control group. The highest prevalence of OAB symptoms was observed in patients taking venlafaxine (68.2%), and the lowest prevalence was in patients taking sertraline (28.0%). Moreover, the frequency of OAB between the antidepressant groups was statistically significant. The univariate logistic regression analyses showed a significant relationship between the presence of OAB, antidepressant usage, BDS score, and the age of a patient. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, the association between the presence of OAB and antidepressant usage was statistically significant. Conclusions: The present study showed that the incidence of OAB and the severity of OAB symptoms increased in males using antidepressants for various disorders. This may have been due to unique pharmacological effects, on a molecular or individual level, of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.

Background/aim: To evaluate the predictability of vardenafil success in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) by using cardiological tests. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with ED who did not benefit from lifestyle changes (n = 68) were evaluated with an abridged 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). The pretreatment and posttreatment IIEF-5 scores were compared with pretreatment data obtained from cardiological examinations. Results: When pretreatment scores were compared with test parameters, mitral flow E/A ratio and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) E?/A?, exercise test duration, exercise capacity in MET, and percentage of maximum heart rate were found to be statistically significant. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between mitral flow E/A ratio, TDI E?/A?, exercise test duration, exercise capacity in MET, and the difference in post- and pretreatment IIEF-5 scores. Conclusion: As a diastolic function indicator, TDI E?/A? positively correlates with pretreatment IIEF-5 scores and negatively correlates with the beneficial effect of vardenafil treatment. As a result, the cardiological status of the patient correlates with individual IIEF-5 scores, and it seems to be useful in predicting vardenafil success.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between overactive bladder (OAB) and use of antidepressants in women. This is a prospective trial, and in total, 205 consecutive female (113 patient taking antidepressants for various disorders and 92 healthy controls) outpatients from our outpatients were enrolled in this study. The patients were also divided into those with OAB symptoms, OAB-Validated 8 (OAB-V8 score of ≥8), and without OAB symptoms

The objective of this study was to report our pathological findings in nephrectomy specimens from patients treated for non-functioning hydronephrotic kidney due to renal pelvic stone disease. A total of 97 patients who underwent nephrectomy for non-functioning hydronephrotic kidneys between January, 2011 and June, 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A non-functioning kidney was defined as one having paper-thin parenchyma on urinary ultrasound or computed tomography, exhibiting no contrast visualization in the collecting duct system on intravenous urography and having a split renal function of

Highlights • Tumors developed after radiotherapy or chemotherapy are called secondary tumors. • Secondary tumors are independent of primary tumors, and can arise months and years after the primary tumor. • Early diagnosis and correct treatment could prevent dramatic results., INTRODUCTION Testicular cancer has high cure rates, especially after the adjuvant use of chemotherapy. Secondary tumors may develop months and years after the primary tumor. We aimed to report a case of cutaneous Ewing's sarcoma at the site of surgery 3 years after BEP chemotherapy. PRESENTATION OF CASE 21 year old male underwent radical orchiectomy in 2008. After one year surgical site complaints brought him to same hospital. A limited surgical resection was made. As his complaints continued he applied to our clinic. We resected the lesion with a 5 cm safety margin with the light of previous medical history. Pathology revealed cutaneous Ewing's sarcoma, and patient received VACD-IE chemotherapy. He is free of recurrence till now. DISCUSSION Chemotherapy may cause secondary cancer especially in long term. In this case secondary tumor is diagnosed three years after surgery. Patient underwent therapeutic surgery and received chemotherapy (VACD-IE) for secondary Ewing's sarcoma. Early diagnosis and definitive treatment provide recurrence free survival in the patient. CONCLUSION Secondary tumors can emerge months or years after primary tumor therapies, and are not related with the primary tumors. Any lesion or sign should be investigated carefully. Early diagnosis and correct treatment could prevent dramatic results.

Aim: We aimed to compare the two groups, topical plus intrarectal local anesthesia and periprostatic nerve blockage in Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUS-Biopsy) by means of pain perception. Material and Method: Between October 2012 and 2013, 190 patients included in the study with increased prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and/or abnormal digital rectal examination findings whom underwent 12 core TRUS biopsy. Some patients are medicationed with perianal %5 lidocaine firstly, and then with intrarectal 10 cc %2 lidocaine gel (Group 1), other group was medicationed with periprostatic 10cc %2 lidocaine solution with 20 Gauche needle (Group 2). There was 103 patients in Group 1, and 87 patients in Group 2. Results: There was no statistically significant relation between visual analog scale (VAS) scores and prostate volume, age, pathology result, Gleason score, and perineural invasion. The mean VAS score was 3,02 (0,3-7,6) in Group 1; and 1.9 (0,3-3,9) in Group 2. When the VAS score was compared between groups, statistically significant difference was found (p=0,01). Discussion: While we used 2 agents topically around anus and intrarectally in Group 1, pain perception was decreased more in the periprostatic blockage group. This showed us puncturing of needle through prostate capsule results in higher pain perception. Because this procedure is mostly done in the outpatient clinics, periprostatic blockage should be the choice of local anesthesia for relieving pain.

Background: The aims of this study were to investigate the utility of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) as a simple and readily available marker in prostate cancer, as well as to evaluate RDW as a predictor of progression in prostate cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 62 newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy and 62 healthy controls of mean age 64 (range, 45–75) years at the Urology Clinic of Bozok University Hospital. Data collection was performed using our laboratory information system database to retrieve findings regarding RDW, hemoglobin, prostatespecific antigen (PSA), and age. The RDW values were compared between the healthy control group and prostate cancer patients. A high risk of progression as defined as a Gleason score (GS) >6, total number of cores positive for cancer >33%, each core containing >50% cancer cells, and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >10 ng/ mL. Patients were classified according to risk of progression, as well as divided into subgroups according to the RDW quartile. Results: The mean RDW value of prostate cancer patients was 14.6, compared with 13.7 in the healthy control group (p=0.001). A higher RDW was associated with an increased risk of progression, whereas a lower RDW value was correlated with a low risk of progression. Conclusions: RDW is an easily derived measure that might, in combination with other markers, help predict prostate cancer risk and progression. We suggest that RDW may be used in combination with other parameters in the assessment of prostate cancer.

Objective: Folate, vitamin B12 and iron are important vitamin and minerals which play role in the development of nervous system. The aim of this study was looking at the presence of folate, vitamin B12 and iron deficiency among patients with Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) and possible relation between the delay of central nervous system (CNS) development, PNE and folate, vitamin B12 and iron states. Methods: Consecutively applied forty patients with PNE (23 girls and 17 boys) and otherwise normal thirty control subjects (17 girls and 13 boys) were included in the study. Average ages (in range) of PNE and the control group were 9.2(6-12) years and 9.3 (6-12) years accordingly. Age, height, weight, complete blood count, blood vitamin B12, folate, ferritin and iron values of both groups were recorded and compared to each other. Results: Average vitamin B12 and folate levels of patients with PNE were significantly and statistically lower compared to those of the control group. Average blood iron of patients with PNE was significantly higher than that of the control group and also average ferritin level of the PNE group was detected to be higher than the control group but this relation was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Primary nocturnal enuresis is related to the delay in CNS maturation so it was thought that low vitamin B12 and folate which were found in patients with PNE may have role in the delay of CNS maturation. Additionally, further studies are needed to investigate the role of vitamin B12 and folate either alone or as combination in treatment of patients with PNE who have low vitamin B12and folate level.

Though the penile tourniquet syndrome is rarely seen, it is a disease which causes complications from a simple edema to severe necrosis and amputation. Whether simple or complicated, the penile strangulation that is the causative factor, except babies, whom are usually questionable. Our aim is to investigate the relation between perpetrators and location of disease in the penile tourniquet syndrome.

Penile tourniquet syndrome (PTS), a rare urologic emergency, may lead to undesirable results including necrosis and amputation of penis, if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. Sometimes these injuries may be accepted as a forensic case. Miscellaneous objects used for strangulation can be metallic or nonmetallic. Of all ages, the most vulnerable period is infancy. Telogen effluvium is the most common cause of PTS in infants who are 0–6 years old. In the literature, telogen effluvium as a reason of PTS was not found except for this age group. Therefore, we aimed to present a boy who is 8 years old diagnosed as PTS because of his mother’s hair coil.