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BACKGROUND: STAT5 is a transcriptional factor which when highly expressed in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells stimulate proliferation and mediate resistance from tyrosine kinase inhibitors, resulting in major molecular response (MMR) failure. STAT5 has two isoforms, STAT5A and STAT5B. However, prolonged use of imatinib appears to only upregulate STAT5A pathway. In addition, the resistance conferred by STAT5A does not extend to other drugs such as hydroxyurea. Hence, STAT5A and STAT5B might have different functions in CML cells. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the association of STAT5A and STAT5B expression with MMR failure in CML patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of CML patients in chronic phase with age ≥ 18 years old, receiving IM therapy ≥ 12 months, and previously given hydroxyurea. MMR status was evaluated and patients were categorized as achieved or failed to achieve MMR. Expression levels of STAT5A and STAT5B were conducted using RT-PCR methods. Associations between STAT5A expression, STAT5B expression, hydroxyurea duration, and imatinib duration with MMR achievement were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were analyzed; 71.1% failed to achieve MMR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant association between high STAT5A expression (odds ratio [OR]: 3.852; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008), STAT5A/STAT5B interaction (OR: 0.150; 95% CI: 0.038–0.593; p = 0.007), longer hydroxyurea administration (OR: 3.882; 95% CI: 1.023–14.733; p = 0.046), and shorter imatinib administration (OR: 0.333; 95% CI: 0.132–0.840; p = 0.020) with MMR achievement failure. After adjusting STAT5A expression with STAT5A/STAT5B interaction, high STAT5A expression independently increased the likelihood of MMR achievement failure only in high expression STAT5B patients (OR: 3.852; 95% CI: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: High STAT5A expression which is induced by high STAT5B is associated with MMR achievement failure of chronic phase CML patients who received hydroxyurea before imatinib. Longer duration of hydroxyurea and shorter duration of IM confound of STAT5A expression to MMR achievement failure.

Background. Thalassemia is a hereditary disease, and severe anemia is the main phenotype of major thalassemia. Furthermore, the most important method in the management of this disease is red blood cell transfusion. Regular transfusions administered 1 or 2 times every month improve prognosis and survival. However, there is higher risk of infections and iron overload, especially in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Infections are the second leading cause of death in adult TDT, after heart failure. Higher risk of infection is also influenced by multiple blood transfusions which causes alteration in immune response due to alloimmunization, transfusion-related infections, and iron overload. Meanwhile, iron overload in TDT alters both innate and specific immune responses. Furthermore, previous studies have shown the correlation between ferritin with CD4, but this has not been carried out in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the correlations between iron overload (serum ferritin and transferrin saturation) and specific immune cells (CD4). Methods. This is a cross-sectional study, and a total number of 64 subjects were examined consecutively. Chest X-ray and blood sera were obtained. The total number of subjects was 64. The seromarkers HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV were tested using the ELISA method. Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation was tested using ECLIA, and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using flowcytometry. Meanwhile, the correlation between variables was determined using Spearman’s test. Results. The results showed that 4.9% subjects were HBsAg positive, 10.7% were anti-HCV positive, and none were anti-HIV positive. There were 4 subjects with lung tuberculosis based on the 41 chest X-ray. Meanwhile, there was a weak negative and insignificant correlation between serum ferritin with CD4 ( p = 0.75 ; r = −0.04) and a weak positive and insignificant correlation between transferrin saturation with CD4 ( p = 0.133 ; r = 0.19). Conclusion. There were no correlations between iron overload (ferritin) and cellular immunity (CD4) in adult transfusion-dependent thalassemia.

This study aims to find out the optimum treatment of the feed moisture in porang glucomannan (PGM), and Ca(OH)2 in the production of the restructured rice using a pasta extruder. Feed moisture (35-45%), PGM (3-7%), and Ca(OH)2 (0.04-0.10%) were the independent variables, while the water absorption index (WAI), the water soluble index (WSI), whiteness, and hardness were responses using a response surface methodology (RSM). Data were analyzed for the chemical components, the 3D surface, the microstructure, the cooking characteristics, and the estimated glycemic index (eGI). The results reported that the WAI and WSI ranged from 2.904 to 3.99 g/g and 2.018 to 3.302%, respectively, whereas whiteness and hardness ranged from 72.83 to 85.02 and 4.921 to 7.537 kgf. The chemical components, the cooking characteristics, and the eGI of the optimum restructured rice PGM reported a significant difference when they were compared to milled rice. The result of the 3D surface of the optimum restructured rice with PGM is similar to milled rice which is seen to be like a convex shape.

The study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of feeding dietary microparticles protein added with Lactobacillus sp. on blood parameters and broiler productivity. A total of 192 birds of 21 days old broiler with initial body weight of 481 ± 67 g were divided into 8 treatments and 4 replications (6 birds each) of a completely randomized design (CRD). Dietary treatments were T0: 21% intact protein ration, T1: 18% intact protein ration, T2: 21% microparticle protein ration, T3: 18% microparticle protein ration, T4: T0 + 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp, T5: T1 + 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp., T6: T2 + 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp., and T7: T3 + 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp . Parameters observed were total lactic acid bacteria and Coliform , pH, blood cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), meat cholesterol, meat weight, feed consumption, and body weight gain (BWG). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and followed by Duncan test (P

The objective of the study was to evaluate feeding effect of microparticle protein derived from soybean meal and fish meal combined with Lactobacillus sp . at 1.2 mL on physiological condition of digestive tract and productivity of broiler. Total of 192 broiler, with initial body weight was 481.0 ± 67.2 g, given dietary treatment starting on day 21 until day 42. The experiment was assigned in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 4 replications. Dietary treatment were 21% intact protein (T0), 18% intact protein (T1), 21% microparticle protein (T2), 18% microparticle protein (T3), T0+ Lactobacillus sp . 1.2 mL (T4), T1+ Lactobacillus sp . 1.2 mL (T5), T2+ Lactobacillus sp . 1.2 mL (T6), T3+ Lactobacillus sp . 1.2 mL (T7). Parameters measured were total ileal lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Coliform and pH, rate of passage, daily body weight gain (DWG) and also carcass weight. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and followed by Duncan multiple range test (P

Evaluation of feeding diet composed of microparticle protein source added with inulin of chicory root and Lactobacillus acidophilus on intestinal bacteria population, protein digestibility, and performance of broiler was the purpose of the present study. Experimental animals were 248 birds of day old broiler with body weight of 48.2±0.50g (240 birds for the main experiment, and 8 birds for endogenous correction). Feed composed of microparticle protein source added with inulin of chicory and Lactobacillus acidophilus at 1.2%, respectively. A completely randomized design with five treatments and six replications (8 birds each) was set in the present study. Treatments tested were R0: diet with 20% intact protein (control); R1: diet with 18% microparticle protein, R2: R1 + 1.2% inulin of chicory; R3: R1 + 1.2% Lactobacillus acidophilus; and R4: R1 + 1.2% Lactobacillus acidophilus + 1.2% inulin of chicory. Total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliform, protein digestibility, and broiler performances (muscle protein mass, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion (FCR) were the parameters observed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and continued to Duncan test at 5% probability level. LAB population significantly (PLactobacillus acidophilus at 1.2%, respectively, increase total LAB, protein digestibility and growth performances of broilers. The combination of both additives have more profound effect on productivity and produce a healthy meat product indicated by high muscle protein mass derived from host animal with low pathogen.

The concentration of the Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) medium as well as endosperm viability determines the success of triploid avocado callus. This study was aimed to explore the best size of diameter fruit and the most responsive concentration for the induction of endosperm avocado callus. The study consisted of two phases. The first stage is to determine the best diameter size of avocado and concentration of the culture medium that gave the fastest response to be endosperm callus. The second stage used flow cytometer to obtain triploid of avocado endosperm callus. This study used four size of fruit group diameter, that A=(0.30-0.50), B=(0.51-1.00), C=(1.01-1.50) and D=(1.51-2.20) in cm. Factorial experiment with four replications was arranged in a completely randomized design. Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) was used in this culture with two PGR that the Picloram and 2.4-D. Each with concentration : 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 in mg/l. The most responsive diameter fruit size was group B (0.30 – 0.50 cm) with the fastest callus growth average was 7.67 weeks after culture (WAC). The most responsive concentration for endosperm callus induction was Picloram 2 mg/l, growth in 5.08 WAC. The endosperm callus growth successfully t done by the inclusion of avocados embryos. The best interaction between fruits diameter and concentration for callus avocado induction used fruits diameter A with picloram 2 mg/l. The endosperm callus were measured by using flow cytometer resulted in avocado triploid callus with region range (RN) Mean value wer 302.01, 296.60, and 298.51 respectively. While the avocado leaf control resulted in 198.82 diploid plant.

The goal of this research is to find out the use of calcium in quails during egg hatching phase by adding yacon leaf powder (Smallanthus sonchifolius) . The subject used were 160 quail birds that are in the phase of hatching eggs at the age of 5 weeks, weighing 135,81 ± 3,25 gr. The method of this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replication, every tested units consist of 8 birds. The treatment applied consist of T0 = basal ration, T1 = basal ration+ 1% yacon leaf powder, T2 = basal ration+ 2% yacon leaf powder, T3 = basal ration+ 3% yacon leaf powder and T4 = basal ration + 4% yacon leaf powder. The parameter being measured includes the consumption of calcium, calcium's retention, weight of the shell, thickness of the shell and the production of the eggs. The data was analyzed by using Analysis of Variants (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5% and if significantly affected it will continue with Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. The result shows that the significant effect of adding yacon leaf powder (P 0.05) on the consumption of calcium, the weight of the shell and the thickness of the shell. In summary, by adding the yacon leaf powder until level 4% in ration, it may increase the use of egg calcium in quailduring egg hatching phase.

The aim of this research was to find out the efficiency of phytase enzymes on broiler ration inenhancingdietary calcium utilization and in improving bone growth and body weight. The research used128 broiler chicks, eight days of age, with initial body weight of 104.16 ± 13.16g. All birds were assigned inCompletely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments as follows T0 (23% protein ration), T1 (21%protein ration + 1000 FTU phytase enzymes), T2 (23% protein ration + 1000 FTU phytase enzymes), T3(23% protein ration + 1% bone meal). Each treatment was replicated four times. Bone growth and bodyweight were observed when chickens were at three weeks (starter) and six weeks (finisher) of age.Theresults showed that addition of phytase enzymes in the diet had no significant effect (P>0,05) on the lengthand weight of femur, Ca retention, bone Ca mass finisher, and bone strenght, but significant (P

Rearing Pelung chicken in Indonesia, in general, uses a ration with a high proportion of rice bran, even up to 60%. Considering the high contents of fiber, lignin, and phytic acid, feeding a high portion of rice bran will decrease nutrient digestibility. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of lime juice supplementation of a rice bran-based ration on the utilization of nutrients in male Pelung chicken. Sixty four of 12 weeks old male Pelung chickens were used in the present experiment and assigned into a completely randomized block design. The treatments were supplementation of the ration with lime juice at the levels of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mL/100 g. Parameters measured were feed and nutrients consumption, protein, fat, and fiber digestibilities, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), rate of passage, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and daily body weight gain. The results showed that the supplementation of lime juice in the ration did not affect feed and nutrient consumption, but significantly (P

The research was aimed to evaluate the combination effect of inulin dahlia tuber and Lactobacillus spdevelopment micro flora on intestinal and productivity of crossbred local chicken. The present researchwas assigned in a completely randomized design with factorial pattern, 2x3. The first factor was two levelsof dahlia tuber powder as inulin source 0.8% (A1) and 1.2% (A2), and, the second factor was three levels ofLactobacillus sp namely, without Lactobacillus sp (B0), 1.2 mL (108 cfu/mL) (B1) and 2.4 mL (108 cfu/mL)(B2). Each treatment combination was replicated four times with seven birds each. Parameters observedwere total of lactic acid bacteria (BAL), Escherichia coli, pH and body weight gain. The results showed thatfeeding inulin dahlia tubers at 1.2% and Lactobacillus sp at 1.2 mL (108 cfu/mL) sp either in partial orinteraction significantly (P

This study aimed to determine the effect of addition of onion skin flour (OSF) and garlic skin flour (GSF) on feed digestibility of crude protein, body weight gain and carcass percentage of Mojosari ducks. The research used 168 Mojosari duck males aged 4 weeks and had an average weight of 335.5 ± 72 g/duck (CV = 7.8%). The study used completely randomized design with7 treatments and 4 replications (T0 = basal feed (BF); T1 = BF + 3% OSF; T2 = BF+ 6% OSF; T3 = BF+ 3% GSF; T4 = BF+ 6% GSF; T5 = BF + 1.5% OSF + 1.5% GSF; and T6 = BF+ 3% OSF + 3% GSF).The results showed that the protein digestibility was found higher (P 0.05) the duck carcass percentage. The study concluded that the addition of 6% GSF and combination of 3% OSF + 3% GSF could improve crude protein digestibility and weight gain, but was not able to increase the percentage of duck carcasses. Keywords: duck, digestible protein, body weight, carcas

The propagation of Rafflesia spp. is considered to be important for future development of ornamental and other applications. Thus far, the only successful propagation technique has been grafting. This mini-review succinctly emphasizes what is known about Rafflesia species. Members of the genus Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae), which are holoparasitic plants known to grow on a host vine, Tetrastigma sp., are widely spread from the Malayan Peninsula to various islands throughout Indonesia. The plant's geographical distribution as well as many other aspects pertaining to the basic biology of this genus have still not been studied. The young flower buds and flowers of wild Rafflesia hasseltii Suringar, Rafflesia keithii Meijer and Rafflesia cantleyi Solms-Laubach are used in local (Malaysia and Indonesia) traditional ethnomedicine as wound-healing agents, but currently no formal published research exists to validate this property. To maintain a balance between its ethnomedicinal and ornamental use, and conservation, Rafflesia spp. must be artificially cultivated to prevent overexploitation. A successful method of vegetative propagation is by host grafting using Rafflesia-impregnated Tetrastigma onto the stem of a normal Tetrastigma plant. Due to difficulties with culture contamination in vitro, callus induction was only accomplished in 2010 for the first time when picloram and 2,4-D were added to a basal Murashige and Skoog medium, and the tissue culture of holoparasitic plants continues to be extremely difficult. Seeds harvested from fertile fruit may serve as a possible method to propagate Rafflesia spp. This paper provides a brief synthesis on what is known about research related to Rafflesia spp. The objective is to further stimulate researchers to examine, through rigorous scientific discovery, the mechanisms underlying the ethnomedicinal properties, the flowering mechanisms, and suitable in vitro regeneration protocols that would allow for the fortification of germplasm conservation.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding prebiotics on protein metabolism characteristics and growth performance of broilers. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications was arranged. Heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, protein metabolism characteristics (protein digestibility, fecal Nt-MH excretion, and meat protein mass), and growth performances (feed consumption, BWG, and FCR) were the parameters observed. Analysis of variance was performed to statistically evaluate the data, and continued to Duncan test at 5% probability. Protein digestibility, and meat protein mass in T1 and T2 were significantly (P

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of durian seed meal as a substitute for corn in the ration on feed and nutrient consumption, egg weight, and production. The study was conducted for six weeks. The material used is laying hens strain Lohmann Brown age 42 weeks as much as 120 birds. The study used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with four treatments and five replications; each replication consisted of 6 birds. The treatments were the use of durian seed meal as a substitute for corn as much as 0, 3, 6, and 9%. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that durian seed meal as a corn substitution significantly affects the parameter observed except feed and protein consumption. In conclusion, corn can be replaced with durian seed meal maximally by 6% without decreasing productive performance of laying hens

The study of hepatopancreas purpose to monitor changes in the health condition of shrimp, which is hepatopancreas is a vital organ of metabolism and digestive system. This study was conducted in intensive shrimp ponds in Mayangan Village, Legon Kulon for 82 days. Sampling was carried out every 10 days. Hepatopancreas preparation was conducted by taking 30-50 mg with adding 0.1-0.2 ml of immersion liquid and observing used a microscope at 40x magnification. The parameters of hepatopancreas observed such as microphili, lipids, wrinkles, and necrosis. After monitoring the microphili in the Day of Culture (DOC) 1 - 40, the average score range shows that the culture shrimp is 90-100% healthy. in DOC 43 until the last sampling has decreased by 40-0% which is assumed to be the effect of a White Feces Disease (WFD). The lipid and wrinkle in DOC 1-40 sampling showed that the average range shrimp culture was 90-100% healthy. While in DOC-43 sampling until the last of lipid and wrinkle sampling decreased by 60-0%. Hepatopancreas necrosis in DOC 1-31 sampling does not exceed from 20%, while DOC-40 sampling until the last of necrosis sampling continues to increase to 100% assumed by WFD and WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus).

Rubber is known in Indonesia since the Dutch colonial period. Indonesia is the second largest natural rubber producer in the world after Thailand, rubber production contributes greatly to the Indonesian economy. Propagation of rubber seedlings to date is still done by grafting is by using the eyes of buds and seed plants, one of the alternatives to meet the demand for rubber seedlings that are increasing and not dependent on the season and to produce the clonal rootstock is homogeneous by tissue culture techniques. This study aims to find out the response of callus formation of young leaf rubber plant leaves (Hevea brasiliensis Muell, Arg) on MS medium with different concentration of ZPT (BAP and NAA). This research uses Cross Sectional type of observation research, with combination of MS and ZPT media used ie MS with BAP 1.5 ppm + NAA 0,05 ppm, BAP 2 ppm + NAA 0,1 ppm, BAP 2.5 ppm + NAA 0.2 ppm. The parameters observed were the forming of callus, callus texture and callus color for 21 days. Based on the results of the study showed that MS treatment with ZPT concentration (BAP 1.5 ppm + NAA 0.05ppm) gave the best result for callus formation response with highest explanation percentage of 0,06%.Keywords. Calli, Concentration ZPT, Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.

Cocoa genotypes, selected locally or obtained from the progeny of hybrid crosses and propagated clonally in two trials in Pinrang and Polman Districts, Sulawesi, were evaluated for resistance to Phytophthora pod rot (Ppr) and stem canker caused by Phytophthora palmivora. In each trial, 10–12 clones, including four common to both sites, were evaluated for infections occurring naturally on the farm or induced by artificial inoculation of stems and attached pods. At each site, incidence and severity of stem canker in the clones were evaluated in the early and late wet season of 2013/2014, while Ppr incidence was determined from the cumulative pod harvest of 2010–2012. Incidence and severity of stem canker in the six-year old trees were highly correlated in both years and were higher in Pinrang than Polman, with marked increases during the wet season occurring in more susceptible genotypes (e.g. 65.6%–90.6% incidence in GeniJ in Pinrang). Although Ppr incidence in all clones increased during wet periods, some clones maintained a lower incidence than others during the two year period of evaluation: for example, between the dry season of 2011 and following wet season average Ppr incidence increased from

Trials were established on smallholder cocoa farms in three provinces in Sulawesi to assess productivity and constitutive responses of local cocoa clones to cocoa pod borer (CPB) and Phytophthora pod rot (Ppr) in different environmental situations. Twelve clones per trial (local farmer-assisted selections or clones produced by hybridisation programs in East Java and Malaysia) were tested in the districts of Pinrang, Polewali-Mandar and North Kolaka, including four standards common to the trials: the Malaysian clone, PBC123, and three selections from Sulawesi farms. The clones were evaluated from the time they started fruiting in 2010 (about two years after planting) for two years during which time chemical pesticides were not applied. Otherwise farms were managed according to recommended practices, including harvesting each fortnight, fertiliser application and heavy and light pruning, depending on the season. Butter fat content was generally lower than 50% but was higher in three local selections in Pinrang, M04, RB and Panimbu Red. While strongly dependent on genotype, fat and shell content and pod values in the common standards showed some variation between sites. The bean size and fat content of PBC123 was low, but this clone yielded better than most of the clones tested. For the common standards, yield estimates obtained from average yield per tree were higher in Pinrang (735–1100 tons/ha/annum) than in N. Kolaka (342–894 ton/ha/annum) or Polewali-Mandar (485–899 tons/ha/annum) indicating a marked site-effect. The number of flowers produced was higher in the common standards in Pinrang. Soil parameters including pH and exchangeable calcium, magnesium and potassium were higher in Pinrang than in Polman, although both sites were deficient in soil nitrogen and organic carbon. Lower average CPB infestation rates in ripe pods for the two-year evaluation period occurred in Pinrang (48–66%) and Polewali-Mandar (19–68%) than in N. Kolaka (77–80%). In most of the clones, total and severe CPB incidence decreased during the high pod season but some selections, such as M04 and TR01, maintained a low total and severe CPB incidence in both the low and high pod seasons, indicating partial resistance. In the ripe pods of common standards, the highest average Ppr incidence (ranging from 10 to 14%) occurred in N. Kolaka, which had a higher annual rainfall than the other sites. In ripe pods in the Pinrang trial, Geni J, M06 and Panimbu Red had a low Ppr incidence (4.4–4.8%) while M04 was Ppr-susceptible (23%). Incidence of Helopeltis spp. was high in the immature pods of some clones (exceeding 30% of the total harvest in M01 and Geni J in Pinrang). The results show that the performance of clones is affected by the locality in which they are grown, as well as their genotype, indicating the importance of testing clones under different environmental conditions. While the trials confirmed the efficacy of farmer-assisted selection, they also indicated that clones resistant to CPB, were susceptible to Ppr or other pests/diseases, and vice versa. For example, local selection, M04, was highly susceptible to Ppr, yet resistant to CPB. Therefore, the results indicate the importance of efforts to screen the progeny of hybrid crosses that combine resistance and yield traits.

Coconut is a very important plant for the livelihood of people in tropical countries. It is also used as an icon of tropical region. Coconut fruit is very heavy and can cause injuries if the fruit falls down and hits somebody who happens to be underneath a coconut tree. In order to avoid the accident, the coconut fruits have to be regularly cut off. Coconut tree originated from in vitro cultured endosperm is a triploid plant that produces seedless fruit (without endocarp). Coconut fruit without endocarp is not heavy. The objective of this study was to investigate plant regeneration of fresh and in vitro cultured coconut endosperms. The fresh and developed in vitro cultured coconut endosperms were observed using histological analysis. Solid endosperm of seven month-old postanthesis coconut from “Samoan Dwarf” cultivar was freshly picked up and cultured in vitro on modified Branton & Blake formula. Histological study of fresh coconut endosperm showed that the endosperm consisted of parenchyma cells, which were relatively uniform in shape and size, with some nuclei consisted of 1 – 5 nucleoli. Three month-old calli of in vitro grown coconut endosperm in semi solid media showed that its cells varied in shape and size, characterized by high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, high starch, protein and lipid contents which underwent many divisions. Seven month-old calli of in vitro grown coconut endosperm in liquid media showed embryogenic cells which resembled proembryos. Fourteen month-old bud-like structure of coconut endosperm in semi solid media showed a meristematic layer, tunica-corpus structure, cortex-like region and tracheids of xylem. These results indicated that the bud-like structure was an early stage of shoot bud formation in coconut endosperm. This is the first report of early stage of shoot bud formation occurring on coconut endosperm cultured in vitro .

(Protein efficiency of broiler chickens fed with diets containing kayambang leaves meal)ABSTRACT The aim of the experiment was to determine the utilization of kayambang (Salvinia molesta) leaves meal until 18% based on its effects on protein consumption, protein intake, meat protein mass and protein efficiency ratio. One hundred broiler CP 707 day-old unsexed chicks, with an average body weight 502,48± 6,99 g age 15 until 42 days. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications and each replication consisted of 5 chickens.. The treatments diets were T0 (basal diet), T1 (6% Salvinia molesta leaves meal), T2 (12% Salvinia molesta leaves meal), and T3 (18% Salvinia molesta leaves meal). The results showed that administration of Salvinia molesta leaf meal up to 18% level in the diet resulted in a decrease in the quality of the ration so that the protein utilization also decreased as indicated by the decline in the value of protein intake, protein intake, protein mass of meat and protein efficiency ratio.

Synchytrium pogostemonis, the causal agent of budok disease, is one of the major limiting factors in patchouli production in Indonesia. Patchouli farmers usually control budok disease with chemical fungicides. Chemical control pollutes environment and disrupts agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, an environmentally friendly pest control should be conducted to control the disease. The objective of the study was to isolate and evaluate some rhizobacteria from the rhizosphere of patchouli and black pepper plants against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae, F. solani, Sclerotium rolfsii. Potential rhizobacterial isolates were tested to control budok disease on a pot scale. The results showed that 26 rhizobacterial isolates from 100 tested were antagonistic to F. oxysporum, F. solani and S. rolfsii. Four rhizobacteria isolates (RL13-A, RL31-A, RL35-A, RL32-A) showed strong inhibition (>40 %) against the 3 pathogens. In polibag experiment, RL35-A, PS9, RL13-A, RL32-B, RL31-A isolates were able to suppress budok disease significantly by 84.01; 76.00; 65.99; 43.99; and 21.98 % respectively. These results indicated that RL35-A isolates have strong antagonistic effect compared to other isolates. Based on 16S rDNA analysis, RL35-A isolates possessed close relationship (99 %) with all species of Enterobacter sp. The antibiotic compound extracted from RL35-A culture broth using GC-MS analysis was identified as phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-(canola). These results suggested that Enterobacter sp. was potential to be developed as biological agent for controlling budok disease in patchouli plants.

A study to observe toxic effect of ethanol extract of Pterospermum celebicum Miq. by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) has been carried out. The method to do this study was irritation test of cream formula of the extract. The aim of this study was to collect data about toxicity of fractionated extract of P. celebicum Miq. on Artemia salina by using BSLT method according to LC50 value obtained from probit analysis. The extract was extracted by maceration method using ethanol as solvent which was then formulated as cream containing 3% of P. celebicum Miq. extract. The toxicity test revealed that the value of LC50 was 15.15 µg/mL, while irritation test stated that no erythema and edema observed.

Brown algae, Sargassum cristaefolium is grown abundant in Indonesia especially in South Sulawesi Province. In vitro anticoagulant effect of the extract has been shown. Therefore a study of Sargassum cristaefolium, used to inhibit blood coagulation in vivo was done. In this study, effect of flavonoid compounds from Sargassum cristaefoilum to elongate bleeding and blood clotting time and also (Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Thromboplastin Time (APTT) tests were carried out. Moreover, histology of mice stomach was also studied. From this study we found, that effect on bleeding time after 14 days treatment of Sargassum extract in vivo prolonged the clotting and bleeding time significantly (p < 0.05). Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tests on plasma confirm these research. From this study we conclude, that the flavonoid compound in Sargassum cristaefolium exhibited an anticoagulant activity.

The leaves of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L), as well as rhizomes of White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) and Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.), are some of the most commonly used plants in Indonesian herbal medicines. It was found that a combination of the three extracts was able to exhibit antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro. We aim to observe the toxicity subchronically effect of the ethanol extracts of the plants, particularly in terms of the liver histopathological examination of rat models (Rattus norvegicus). The mixture extract was made into a suspension with various concentrations given for 28 days for 20 rats which were divided evenly into 4 groups. In this present study, The measurement results of SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transferase) and SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transferase) levels from rat blood were taken post-treatment period analyzed using One Way ANOVA showed that SGPT and SGOT did not increase significantly compared to the control group. Histopathological results showed group 1 had a mild le vel of hepatocyte cell damage compared to groups 2 and 3 which had moderate to severe damage.

The research was conducted to evaluate supplemental effect of purple sweet potato extract (PSPE) on protein intake, ileum protein digestibility and meat protein mass. The experiment was assigned in a randomized complete design with 2×3 factorial scheme, 6 treatments and 4 replications. The first factor was cage density (normal density/D1 = 8 birds/m 2 and high density/D2 = 16 birds/m 2 ), and the second factor was the extract levels of purple sweet potato (A0 = control diet, A1 = diet containing 25 ml PSPE/kg feed and A2 = diet containing 50 ml PSPE/kg feed). Birds were kept in a brooder cage for 14 days and then transferred to colony cages (1×1 m) until the age of 35 days. When measurement of protein digestibility the birds were moved to individual battery cage on day 35. The experimental feed contained 21% crude protein and metabolizable energy of 3000 kcal/kg. The results showed that the extract of purple sweet potato and cage density did not show significant (P>0.05) interaction. The supplementation of purple sweet potato extract significantly (P

The research was aimed to evaluate feeding effect of powder and extract of dahlia tuber as a sources of inulin prebiotic on proteindigestibility and productivity of crossbred local chicken. A total of 280 unsex local crossbred chicken with the age of 22 days and average weightof 180.46±1.21 g was assigned in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 4 replications (10 birds each). Dietary treatmentsconsist of T0 (basal ration), T1 (T0 + 0.4% dahlia powder), T2 (T0 + 0.8% dahlia powder), T3 (T0 + 1.2% dahlia powder), T4 (T0 + 0.39%dahlia extract), T5 (T0 + 0.78% dahlia extract), T6 (T0 + 1.17% extract dahlia). Treatment was conducted for 8 consecutive weeks. Variablesobserved were protein digestibility, short chain fatty acid (SCFA), muscle protein mass, muscle calsium mass, and body weight. The data wereanalyzed using ANOVA and followed by Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that feeding inulin in the form of powder or extract ofdahlia tuber significantly (P

Time interval of supplementation of Morinda citrifolia L. by product on the performance broiler chicken ABSTRACT. The research using Completely Randomized Design with 3x2 factorial arrangement and 4 replicated. Dose of Morinda citrifolia by product (T) that is 0 g/kg ( T0); 0.50 g/kg ( T1); 0.75 g/kg ( T2) and 1.00 g/kg (T3) as first factor and time interval that is continue (A1) and 1 week interval (A2) as second factor. The performance parameters observed were : feed intake, body weight and small intestine measure. The result showed that no significant effect of time interval and interaction between time interval with Morinda citrifolia by product dose (p0.05) on feed intake and small intestine measure. The addition dose of Morinda citrifolia by product increased (p0.05) body weight, there was interaction (p0.05) between time interval and Morinda citrifolia by product dose on body weight.

Objective: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) decreases Cyt expression c, Bax, and Caspase 3 in apoptosis multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), thus inhibiting death. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of HSP70 200 μg/KgBB/ip to decrease Cyt c, Bax, and Caspase 3 expression, to reduce mortality, and to increase survival rate, in the MOD alveolar lung epithelial of 78-h sepsis model.Methods: This was a post-test only quasi-experiment conducted at Inter-University Central Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, and the Anatomy Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. The study used a type of Balb/c mice, male, aged of 6–8 weeks, body weight of 25–33 g. Sepsis induction used LIG SIGMA L2880-10MG Lot #025M4040V from Escherichia coli 055:B5 purified by phenol extraction. Medication to reduce mortality used HSP70 Lot #L16020515 and then continued with 400× immunohistochemistry (IHC) examination. A sample of 30 mice were divided into three groups: (1) Control group without 78 h treatment, (2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group with a dose of 0.25 mg/kgBW/ip 78 h, and (3) HSP70 group with a dose of 200 μg/kgBB/ip after LPS injection 0.25 mg/kgBW/ip 78 h. The outcome variables included expression of Cyt, Bax, Caspase 3, and mortality in mice model with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and continued by Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Administration of HSP70 200 mg/KgBW/ip after LPS 0.25 mg/kgBW/ip significantly decreased Cyt c expression (p=0.014), Bax (p=0.004), and Caspase 3 (p=0.015) in 78 h pulmonary alveolar cells, reduced mortality rate, and increased the number of survivors. Expressions of Cyt c, Bax, and Caspase 3 of IHC 400× magnification had a near-normal image change.Conclusion: There is a decrease of Cyt c, Bax, and Caspase 3 expression in the MOD alveolar lung epithelial cells of the 78-h sepsis model mice, a decrease of mortality rate, and an increase of survival rate, and the image of IHC is almost normal.

Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg) is one of the important plantation commodities in Indonesia because of its role as a source of income. It stimulates the economic growth around the rubber plantation area. The propagation of rubber is still using conventional methods like grafting. The technique of tissue culture through callus induction is one of the alternatives of mass propagation of rubber seedling with quick and efficient time. The sterilization method is very important to determine the success of tissue culture techniques. Therefore, the aim of this research is to know the best method of sterilization and callus formation in rubber explants. The basic media used were WPM and MS, with BAP of 2 ppm and NAA 0.1 ppm. The best result of sterilization is by soaking 5% fungicide solution for 5 minutes, 5% Clorox solution for 15 minutes, betadin 10% solution for 5 minutes, and finally it rinsed with sterile water three times. The best medium uses WPM medium for callus induction, with 0.5 cm callus length and embryonic callus. In contrast, the MS medium has 0.4 cm callus length and non embryonic callus.

The cocoa industry in Sulawesi, the main region of cocoa production in Indonesia, is threatened by destructive diseases, including vascular-streak dieback (VSD) caused by the basidiomycete Oncobasidium theobromae and stem canker and Phytophthora pod rot (PPR) or black pod, caused by Phytophthora palmivora. Using the considerable genetic diversity of cocoa on farms, host resistance was identified and tested with the participation of farmers. Forty-nine local and international cocoa selections with promising resistance characteristics (as well as susceptible controls) were side-grafted onto mature cocoa in a replicated trial with single-tree plots. Developing grafts were assessed in the dry season for severity of VSD infection, scored from 0 (no infection) to 4 (graft death). All of the 49 clones in the trial became infected with VSD in at least some replicates. Average severity varied from 0.2 to 1.6. Potential VSD-resistance was found in eight clones, including DRC 15, KA2 106 and a local Sulawesi selecti...

Pendahuluan . Skor CURB-65 merupakan suatu sistem skor untuk menilai derajat berat pneumonia, namun beberapa penelitian menilai performanya kurang baik, sehingga diperlukan faktor prognostik lain sebagai penambah variabel. C-Reactive Protein dinilai mempunyai peran sebagai faktor independen dalam memprediksi mortalitas pasien pneumonia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai peran C-Reactive Protein pada skor CURB-65 dalam memprediksi mortalitas 30 hari pasien pneumonia komunitas rawat inap. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi prospektif berbasis riset prognostik dengan subjek penelitian yaitu pasien pneumonia komunitas yang dirawat di IGD dan gedung A Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta bulan Oktober–November 2017. Keluaran yang dinilai pada penelitian ini yaitu mortalitas pasien dalam 30 hari. Pada subjek dilakukan penilaian performa skor CURB-65 sebelum dan setelah ditambah dengan nilai C-Reactive Protein. Performa diskriminasi dinilai dengan area under the curve (AUC). Hasil. Sebanyak 200 pasien ikut serta dalam penelitian ini dengan angka mortalitas 37%. Performa diskriminasi skor CURB-65 menunjukkan nilai AUC 70,1% (IK 95% 0,62–0,77). Setelah ditambahkan dengan nilai C-Reactive Protein berdasarkan cut off (≥48,5 mg/L), didapatkan peningkatan nilai AUC skor CURB-65 menjadi 88,0% (IK 95% 0,83–0,92). Simpulan. C-Reactive Protein memiliki peran pada skor CURB 65 sebagai prediktor mortalitas 30 hari pasien pneumonia komunitas rawat inap. Kata Kunci: C-Reactive Protein, CURB-65, mortalitas 30 hari, pneumonia komunitas Validation of C-Reactive Protein and CURB-65 in The First Hospital Admission Community Acquired Pneumonia Patient as A Predictor 30 Days Mortality Introduction. CURB-65 is a scoring system to evaluate the degree of pneumonia, but some researches identified that its performance to predict mortality was below expectations. Therefore, we need other prognostic factor as an added value. C-Reactive Protein has a role as an independent factor to predict mortality in community acquired pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate role of C-Reactive Protein in CURB-65 score to predict 30 days mortality in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patient. Method. A prospective cohort study was conducted to hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from October to November 2017. Outcome of the study was mortality in 30 days. Performance of CURB-65 score was evaluated before and after addition of C-Reactive Protein. Discrimination was evaluated with area under curved (AUC). Results. Total of 200 patients were included in this study with number of mortality was 37%. Performance discrimination CURB-65 score was shown by ROC curve, the AUC is 70,1% (CI 95% 0,62–0,77). After addition of C-Reactive Protein based of cut off (≥48,5 mg/L), the AUC score improved to 88,0% (CI 95% 0,83–0,92). Conclusion. C-Reactive Protein has a role to CURB-65 score to predict 30 days mortality in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patient.

Budok is one of the most important patchouli diseases caused by Synchytrium pogostemonis, spread out through seeds, soil, and water. A research to develop botanical pesticides based on essential oils was conducted at Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crop Research Institute in 2014. The research was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of single formula of clove, eucalyptus, neem, and citronella oil against budok disease. Research was conducted in disease endemic area in Cimanggu Research Installation, Bogor. Single formula of clove, eucalyptus, neem, and citronella oils were tested their efficacy against budok disease. Two synthetic fungicides of benomyl and bourdeaux mixture were used as comparison, and water as control. One month-old healthy patchouli plants were sprayed with each essential oil (5ml.l-1), benomyl (3 g.l-1), and bourdeaux mixture (1%) every two weeks for 5 times respectively. Experiment was arranged in randomized completely block design (7 treatments, 3 replication, and 20 plants/replication). Neem oil was the most effective formula in suppressing budok disease incidence (58.30%) compared to citronella (33.30%), clove (26.65%), and eucalyptus (8.30%), although it was still lower than benomyl (100%) and bourdeaux mixture (100%). Application of neem oil, benomyl, and bourdeoux mixture could inhibit S. pogostemonis infection and budok disease development. However, the application of clove and citronella oils only capable of inhibiting budok disease development. Those tested essential oils are potential to be developed as botanical pesticides to control budok disease of patchouli. However, their efficacy should be increased by producing formula mixtures of those essential oils.

The spread of infected diseases are usually caused by direct contact between those considered as susceptible and those already infected. In this study, both the relapse and the latent factors were considered. The relapse factor is associated with a condition where the disease might be occurred again, while the latent related with the condition that the germ were being inactive in the body. We applied this model to study the spread of the disease considering that the members of population in the exposed class were distributed on a manner of negative exponentially distribution or step function. The basic reproduction number was studied and applied to stability. All the models gave results that as the birth rate or remove rate was bigger then the proportion of susceptible population increase, while proportion of infected population and recovers decrease. On the other hand, if the contact rate and recurrence to return increase then the susceptible population decrease, while the proportion of infected population and recovers increase.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a disease which can cause significant yield loss of cocoa. The objective of this research is to investigate the abilityof antagonist microbes, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens in controlling gloeosporioides biologically in laboratorium condition. The experiment was carried out in Crop Protection Laboratory, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute. Results of this research showed that antagonist fungi, T. harzianum, T. koningii, had a stronger ability in inhibiting growth of C. gloeosporioides about 83% compared to the ability of antagonist bacteria, B. subtilis and P. fluorescens, only about 49%. Key words: Growth inhibition, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens.

We report that several begomoviruses are associated with tomato leaf curl disease in Java, Indonesia. Tomato plants with leaf curl symptoms were collected from Bandung (west Java), Purwokerto (central Java), Magelang (central Java) and Malang (east Java) of Indonesia, the major tomato-growing areas of the country. Viruses were detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with universal primers for the genus Begomovirus. PCR-amplified fragments were cloned and sequenced. Based on sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses, the viruses were divided into three groups. With respect to amino acid (aa) identities of the N-terminal halves of the coat proteins compared in this study, group I was most closely related to Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) (97%), Ageratum yellow vein China virus-[Hn2] (AYVCNV-[Hn2]) (96%) and Ageratum yellow vein virus-[Taiwan] (AYVV-[Tai]) (95%), and ageratum-infecting begomovirus from Java (99%). Group II had high sequence identity with a tentative species of tomato leaf curl Java virus (ToLCJAV) (96% aa) for the CP. Group III was most closely related to a proposed species of Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIDV) (90% aa identity) by its partial CP sequence.

This research was conducted to find outthe influence of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) pulp extract against the percentage of capacitation and acrosome reaction of male rat (Rattus norvegicus). The experimental animals used are 20 male rats with the average body weight of 200g and were divided into four different groups. P0 group was the control group and given only CMCNa 0.5%. P1, P2,and P3 was given mahkota dewa pulp extract with a dosage of 7.5 mg/200gr BW/ day, 15mg/200gr BW/day,and 30 mg/200gr BW/day respectively through peroral administration for 14 days. The research used Completely Randoized Design (CRD) and the data was then analyzed by one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by Duncan test with the significance of 0.5. The results show that the mahkota dewa pulp extract shows significant impact on capacitation and acrosome reaction of rat. P2 group shows the highest percentage capacitation significance the a mean of 30.00 ± 4.24 and 5.60 ± 0.89 for acrosome reaction percentage. Keywords: Phaleria macrocarpa pulp extrtact; capasitation; acrosome reaction; sperm potention

The research was aimed to evaluate used dahlia tubersextract as inulinsource onnitrogen retention and feed conversion of crossbred local chicken (male native chicken × female laying hen). Three weeks old 160 unsex birds with average body weight 180.46±1.21g were kept until 8 weeks. The experimentwas designed ascompletely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications (@10 birds). Treatments applied were T0: basal ration, T1: ration + 0.39% extract, T2: ration + 0.78% extract, T3: ration + 1.17% extract. Parameters observed werenitrogen retention, energy metabolism and feed conversion. The data were statistically analyzed according to ANOVA and continued by Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that feeding dahlia tuberextract significantly affect (P

Black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivorafungus is one of the important diseases on cocoa crop. Pod rot is the most important disease because it may cause loss of cocoa pod. Until now, the fungal pathogen of cocoa black pod disease is still a crucial problem and there is no fungicide that is really effective against the disease. One alternative to control the cocoa black pod disease is by using biological agents as biofungicide, including utilizing Pseudomonas fluorescenceand Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The research was done by isolation of P. palmivora from infected pods of Kaliwining Experimental Station to obtain pure cultures of fungus and by multiplication of P. fluorescence and B. subtilis. Antagonist test was performed by inoculating P. palmivora into a petri dish in a distance of 3 cm from the edge. P. fluorescenceand B. Subtilis were inoculated into petridishes in three days after the fungal treatment. Control was inoculated with isolate of P. palmivora only. Fungal growth was measured everyday by measuring radius of fungal colonies first time 24 hours after inoculation. Growth of Phytophthora palmivora in the two treatmens were used to calculate the percentage of inhibition. The results of this study indicated that P. fluorescence and B. subtiliswere able to inhibit fungal growth of P. palmivora. Both bacterial antagonists had the same effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora fungus based on the percentage of inhibition and effectiveness criteria. Based on the results of translucent zones indicated that B. subtiliswas more powerfull in inhibiting growth of P. Palmivora compared to P. fluorescence. Key words: Black pod disease of cocoa, biological control, Phytophthora palmivora, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus subtilis

Nepenthes albomarginata Lobb ex Lindl. is a carnivorous plant, distributes in several regions in Indonesia. The plant population decreases drastically because of over exploitation and ruining nature habitat. Plant propagation by nature and cutting are not enough to rehabilitation its population. In vitro culture of N. albomarginata was carried out using plantlets grown from the seeds in vitro. Plantlets were cut to became two part explants, consisted of shoot tip and under-shoot tip cuttings. These cutting explants were grown on Murashige & Skoog (MS) media with addition of plant growth regulators of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), combined with or without-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 1 mg/l. Shoot tip cuttings of N. albomarginata formed double multiple shoot 25,00% on control; formed triple multiple shoots 25,00% on BA 1 mg/l treatment; formed callus 37,50%, triple or quartet shoots 25,00% and rooted plantlets 25,00% on BA 1 mg/l + NAA 1 mg/l treatment. The under-shoot tip cuttings of N. albomarginata formed double – triple shoots 25,00% and rooted plantlets 37,50% on control; formed double – triple shoots 25,00% and rooted plantlets 12,50% on BA 1 mg/l treatment; formed callus 12,50%, double - pentacle shoots 37,50% and rooted plantlets 25,00% on BA 1 mg/l + NAA 1 mg/l treatment. 2,4-D 1 mg/l or its combined with BA 1 mg/l treatment caused deadly shoot tip or under-shoot tip explants. The combination of BA 1 mg/l + NAA 1 mg/l was the best treatment for producing callus, multiple shoots and rooted plantlets of N. albomarginata.

In Vitro Culture of Endosperm: An efficient protocol topropagate triploid plants directly. L. Agus Sukamto.Triploid plants are very vigorous and beneficial since theygenerally produce seedless fruits, bigger flowers, and producemore volume of wood than the diploid counterparts.The triploid plants can be produced by crossing diploid andtetraploid plants, but this method is cumbersome and takesa long time. In vitro culture of endosperm is an alternativemethod to produce triploid plants directly. The success ofendosperm culture is dependent on many factors, such asmaturity of endosperm, presence of the zygotic embryo, culturemedium, growth regulators, browning, culture period,an plant species. Generally, a mature endosperm needs aninitial association with an embryo to induce cell divisions,while proliferation of an immature endosperms is notdependent on the embryo. Endosperm of most parasiticangiosperms shows direct organogenesis without callusformation. Plants produced from endosperm culture aregenerally triploid, although some plants possess differentploidy levels.

Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) belongs to Lauraceae family, is originated from lowland and highland tropical America region. Avocado plant was introduced to Indonesia in 1750 by Spanish. Fruit of avocado contains high unsaturated ( healthy) fat, protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and energy. Fruit of avocado can be eaten freshly, used as an additional ingredient cooking and material for cosmetics. Avocado fruits are available along the year in market cities of Indonesia but their fruits fluctuate in quantity and uncertain quality. It because the plants commonly come from seeds and grown in home-yards or small areas by small farmers. The purposes of this research were to evaluate and select some cultivars for parent plants that produce good fruit characters, high content of fat, and continual yield along the year. The research was started on January 2011 until 2013 for obtaining data, collecting avocado fruits and scions in West Java province, which is the biggest avocado fruit production in Indonesia. From 180 accessions of avocado fruits, there were 31 potential accessions for selecting good cultivars and 6 accessions of them (10, 5, 39, 48, 61, 123) were selected. The selected fruit character had scores 72 – 80 of maximum 100, fat content 9.78% – 20.57%, and harvest periods from January to December. These accessions as grafted plants have grown and propagated in our research station of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) in Cibinong for further study and for releasing to the farmers.