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FAMILY Phallostethidae Gulaphallus bikolanus (Herre, 1926); Endemic; Endemic to Lake Bato in Camarines Sur, Lake Lanigay, Cabangan River, and Guinobatan River in Albay Peninsula, Luzon Island; CAS-SU 24475; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; EN Gulaphallus eximius Herre, 1925; Endemic; Priapiumfish, Sarsarming; Endemic to streams of Nueva Viscaya, Luzon Island; CAS-SU 24474; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; VU Gulaphallus falcifer Manacop, 1936; Endemic; Endemic to river basins of Central Luzon; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; DD Gulaphallus mirabilis Herre, 1925; Endemic; Endemic to river basins of Central and Southern Luzon Island; USNM 104412; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; NT Neostethus bicornis Regan, 1916; Native; Found in rivers basins of Palawan, Visayas and Mindanao Island groups; Kottelat 2013; LC Neostethus borneensis Herre, 1939; Native; Found in rivers basins of Northern Palawan. Synonym of Neostethus coronensis; Kottelat 2013; DD Neostethus ctenophorus (Aurich, 1937); Endemic; Endemic to river basins of Luzon Island; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; CR Neostethus robertsi Parenti, 1989; Endemic; Endemic to Calasiao River, Pangasinan, Luzon Island; CAS 50723; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; CR Neostethus thessa (Aurich, 1937); Endemic; Endemic to Lake Mainit, Mindanao Island; UF 238615; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; EN Neostethus villadolidi Herre, 1942; Endemic; Endemic to river basins and wetlands of Luzon, Palawan, Visayas and Mindanao Island groups; CAS-SU 36537; Parenti 1989, Kottelat 2013; DD Neostethus zamboangae Herre, 1942; Endemic; Endemic to rivers and wetlands of Luzon and Mindanao Islands; CAS-SU 36544; Parenti 1989; DD

Jamandre, Brian Wade (2023): Freshwater fishes of the Philippines: a provisional checklist. Zootaxa 5301 (2): 151-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.1

FAMILY Melanotaeniidae Melanotaenia nigrans (Richardson, 1843); Introduced; Blackbanded Rainbowfish; Introduced in Luzon; Guerrero 2014; LC, Published as part of Jamandre, Brian Wade, 2023, Freshwater fishes of the Philippines: a provisional checklist, pp. 151-181 in Zootaxa 5301 (2) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8030274, {"references":["Guerrero III, R. M. (2014) Impacts of introduced freshwater fishes in the Philippines (1905 - 2013): A review and recommendations. Philippine Journal of Science, 143 (1), 49 - 62."]}

Melanotaenia trifasciata (Rendahl) (Fig. 41) Distribution. Black Hill area (current survey). Native range. Australasia. Remarks. A single individual recorded in a hill stream on Black Hill is likely a released aquarium specimen as it is commonly sold in Hong Kong. Distribution. Plover Cove Reservoir (GBIF.org, 2021); Lower Shing Mun Reservoir (GBIF.org, 2021); Lai King area (current survey). Native range. Central and South America., Published as part of Chan, Jeffery C. F., Tsang, Alphonse H. F., Yau, Sze-man, Hui, Tommy C. H., Lau, Anthony, Tan, Heok Hui, Low, Bi Wei, Dudgeon, David & Liew, Jia Huan, 2023, The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins, pp. 128-168 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 71 on page 148, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2023-0012, http://zenodo.org/record/7815765

Chan, Jeffery C.F., Tsang, Alphonse H.F., Yau, Sze-man, Hui, Tommy C.H., Lau, Anthony, Tan, Heok Hui, Low, Bi Wei, Dudgeon, David, Liew, Jia Huan (2023): The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 71: 128-168, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2023-0012

“ Atherina ” debilis (Koken, 1888) Fig. 22A–C Otolithus (Mugilidarum) debilis Koken, 1888: 288, pl. 17 fig. 8. “genus? Mugilidarum ” debilis – Nolf 1985: 124. “genus Atherinidarum” debilis – Nolf & Stringer 2003: pl. 3 figs 20–21. — Nolf 2003: 5, pl. 1 fig. 10. “ Atherinida ” debilis – Nolf 2013: 73, pl. 150. Remarks Otoliths of “ A. ” debilis have a cauda with a very long anterior portion and a restricted ostium. They show some plesiomorphic features that make both allocations, either to Atherinidae or Mugilidae, plausible. The close relationship of both families is supported by a number of features (Stiassny 1993; Datovo et al. 2014). However, the inner face showing only a weak convexity and the deeper ventral area seem to be more typical of atherinid otoliths. The New Zealandian middle Eocene (Bortonian) species Thoroatherina toroa Schwarzhans, 2019 shows some similarity to “ A. “ debilis, especially in the morphology of the cauda, and was placed in the same genus in the original description of Schwarzhans (2019a: 61). However, we prefer not to include the American species in the same genus because otoliths of T. toroa have a much deeper ventral portion, and a very considerable convexity and thickness. Stratigraphic and geographic distribution Lutetian: “Stone City beds”, Texas. Bartonian: Moodys Branch Formation, Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. Priabonian: Yazoo Clay, Louisiana., Published as part of Lin, Chien-Hsiang & Nolf, Dirk, 2022, Middle and late Eocene fish otoliths from the eastern and southern USA, pp. 1-122 in European Journal of Taxonomy 814 on page 64, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.814.1745, http://zenodo.org/record/6484355, {"references":["Koken E. 1888. Neue Untersuchungen an tertiaren Fisch-Otolithen. Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft 40: 274 - 305.","Nolf D. 1985. Otolithi Piscium. In: Schultze H. P. (ed.) Handbook of Palaeoichthyology, Volume 10: 1 - 145. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.","Nolf D. & Stringer G. L. 2003. Late Eocene (Priabonian) fish otoliths from the Yazoo Clay at Copenhagen, Louisiana. Louisiana Geological Survey Geological Pamphlet 13: 1 - 23.","Nolf D. 2003. Revision of the American otolith-based fish species described by Koken in 1888. Louisiana Geological Survey, Geological Pamphlet 12: 1 - 20.","Nolf D. 2013. The Diversity of Fish Otoliths, Past and Present. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.","Stiassny M. L. J. 1993. What are grey mullets? Bulletin of Marine Science 52 (1): 197 - 219.","Datovo A., de Pinna M. C. C. & Johnson G. D. 2014. The infrabranchial musculature and its bearing on the phylogeny of percomorph fishes (Osteichthyes: Teleostei). PLoS ONE 9: e 110129. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0110129","Schwarzhans W. 2019 a. Reconstruction of the fossil marine bony fish fauna (Teleostei) from the Eocene to Pleistocene of New Zealand by means of otoliths. Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo di Storia naturale di Milano 46: 3 - 326."]}

The fossil otoliths of the southern USA have been known for more than 130 years and are among the richest assemblages worldwide. However, previous studies are often scattered and with outdated systematic scheme. A collection of over 25000 otoliths ranging in age from the Lutetian to the Priabonian from 47 sites in five states in the eastern and southern USA is analysed here. Combined with the earlier described material, at least 101 otolith-based taxa are documented, of which 83 are identified at species level. Fourteen of these are introduced as new species: Elopothrissus bernardlemorti sp. nov., “Muraenesox” barrytownensis sp. nov., Pseudophichthys texanus sp. nov., Paraconger wechesensis sp. nov., Neoopisthopterus weltoni sp. nov., “aff. Glyptophidium” stringeri sp. nov., Symmetrosulcus dockeryi sp. nov., Mene garviei sp. nov., “Citharus” varians sp. nov., Waitakia beelzebub sp. nov., Astroscopus compactus sp. nov., Parascombrops yanceyi sp. nov., Anisotremus rambo sp. nov., and Pagellus pamunkeyensis sp. nov. The assemblages are distinct fom contemporary European faunas by the complete lack of mesopelagic fish otoliths, and by the presence of sciaenids. Dominant taxa in the American Eocene are the Ophidiidae, Sciaenidae, Lactariidae, and Congridae. They indicate shallow-water environments for all the sampled sites. The notable abundance of those taxa suggests that they could have a higher turnover rate, and provided fundamental nutrition in the local Paleogene marine ecosystem. Further analyses of the species in the stratigraphic succession revealed that a faunal turnover between the Claiborne and Jackson seas was evident in teleosts, and it might be more widespread in other marine organisms in the region.

Atherinella milleri (Bussing, 1979). Miller���s Silverside; Pejerrey de Miller. Distribution: Global: Western Atlantic Ocean; from northern Honduras to Colombia; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: LN, RF, SJ, SC, Sa, To, Pa, Ma and Si (Atlantic), 0��� 40 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Bussing (1979b: 395; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution and ecology; 1987: 160, as Melaniris milleri ���synonym; 1998: 243; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology), Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 3235; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Bussing, W. A. (1979 b) Taxonomic status of the atherinid fish genus Melaniris in lower Central America, with the description of three new species. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 26 (2), 391 - 413.","Robertson, D. R. & Van Tassell, J. (2019) Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean: online information system. Version 2.0 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / caribbean / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Atherinella blackburni (Schultz, 1949). Beach Silverside; Tin��calo. Distribution: Global: Western Atlantic Ocean; from Quintana Roo, Mexico, to northern Brazil entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: To (Atlantic), 0��� 3 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 3232; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Van Tassell, J. (2019) Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean: online information system. Version 2.0 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / caribbean / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Family Atherinopsidae Fitzinger, 1873. New World Silversides; Pejerreyes, Sardinas, Plateadas. 2 G, 7 S., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630

The knowledge of the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna continues to grow given the discovery of new taxa, the recognition of taxa resurrected from synonymy and the corroboration of new country records and new range extensions. Moreover, recent advances in the understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and status of many supraspecific groups have led to numerous taxonomic and nomenclatural changes. Given this, the purpose of this paper is to update the known composition, distribution and clasification of the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna taking as reference the most recent list for the country published by Angulo et al. (2013). A total of 23 new country records (i.e., species; distributed in 17 families and 21 genera), 33 new range extensions (distributed in 20 families and 30 genera) and several nomenclatural changes are reported, illustrated and discussed here. An updated and annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of the country (including data for a total of 283 species, 13 of which are exotic, distributed in two classes, 27 orders, 55 families and 136 genera) is also provided.

Atherinella argentea Chernoff, 1986. Longfin Silverside, Moon Silverside; Pejerrey, Plateadito. Distribution: Global: Eastern Pacific Ocean; from Guatemala to western Panama; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: (Atlantic), Ni, Te, Be, Ba, Ta, Pi, Tr and Co (Pacific), 0��� 7 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Bussing (1987: 158, as Melaniris guatemalensis (G��nther 1864) ���missidentification; 1998: 237; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology), Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data) and Robertson & Allen (2015: 2528; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: online information system. Version 2.0. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / sftep / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Atherinella hubbsi (Bussing, 1979). Hubbsi���s Silverside; Pejerrey de Hubbsi. Distribution: Global: Middle America; from southern Nicaragua to northern Costa Rica, Atlantic drainages; Costa Rica: LN, RF, SJ, SC, Sa, To, Pa and Ma (Atlantic), 35��� 540 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, NT. References: Bussing (1979b: 400; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution and ecology; 1987: 159, as Melaniris hubbsi ���synonym; 1998: 241; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology) and Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Bussing, W. A. (1979 b) Taxonomic status of the atherinid fish genus Melaniris in lower Central America, with the description of three new species. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 26 (2), 391 - 413."]}

Membras gilberti (Jordan & Bollman, 1890). Landia Silverside; Pejerrey Landia. Distribution: Global: Eastern Pacific Ocean; from the Gulf of California, Mexico, to northern Peru; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: Ba, Ta, Pi and Tr (Pacific), 0��� 7 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data) and Robertson & Allen (2015: 834; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: online information system. Version 2.0. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / sftep / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Atherinella chagresi (Meek & Hildebrand, 1914). Chagres Silverside; Pejerrey de Chagres. Distribution: Global: Western Atlantic and eastern Pacific (introduced) Oceans; from northern Nicaragua to Central Panama in the western Atlantic; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: To, Pa, Ma and Si (Atlantic), 8��� 60 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Bussing (1966: 237, as Melaniris chagresi ���synonym; listed, information on distribution), Bussing (1987: 157, as M. chagresi ���synonym; 1998: 240; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology), Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data), Robertson & Allen (2015: 3234; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 3234; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: online information system. Version 2.0. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / sftep / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021).","Robertson, D. R. & Van Tassell, J. (2019) Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean: online information system. Version 2.0 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / caribbean / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Atherinella sardina (Meek, 1907). Nicaraguan Silverside; Pejerrey Nicaraguense. Distribution: Global: Middle America; from southern Nicaragua to northern Costa Rica, Atlantic drainages; Costa Rica: LN (Atlantic), 0���40 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, VU. References: Bussing (1987: 161, as Melaniris sardina ���synonym; 1998: 244; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology) and Angulo et al. (2013: 995; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630

Unidentified opistognathid. Lissner and Dorsey (1986) observed from a manned submersible a jawfish they were unable to identify at Tanner��� Cortes Bank, southern California., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Lissner, A. L. & Dorsey, J. H. (1986) Deep-water biological assemblages of a hard-bottom bank-ridge complex of the southern California continental borderland. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 85, 87 - 101."]}

** Menidia audens Hay, 1882. Mississippi Silverside. To 15 cm (3.9 in) TL (Page and Burr 2011). Native to the greater Mississippi Valley. Found in San Francisco Bay and in various freshwater systems in California (Moyle 2002). California specimens sometimes, and apparently erroneously, referred to as Menidia beryllina (Cope, 1867)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Page, L. M. & Burr, B. M. (2011) Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes of North America North of Mexico.","Moyle, P. B. (2002) Inland Fishes of California. Revised and Expanded. University of California Press, Berkeley."]}

Atherinella nepenthe (Myers & Wade, 1942). Pitcher Silverside. To 10 cm (3.9 in) TL (Lavenberg and Chernoff in Fischer et al. 1995). Punta Abreojos, southern Baja California (Watson in Moser 1996) to Peru (10°34’S, 77°56’W) (Chirichigno and Vélez 1998), including southeast corner of Baja California (Robertson and Allen 2015). Depth: surf, upper water column near shore to 10 m (33 ft) (min.: Watson in Moser 1996; max.: Robertson and Allen 2002)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Fischer, W., Krupp, F., Schneider, W., Sommer, C., Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (1995) Guia FAO para la identificacion para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico centro-oriental. Volume II, Vertebrados, Parte 1. Volume III, Vertebrados, Parte 2. FAO, Rome.","Moser, H. G. (Ed.). (1996) The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. CALCOFI Atlas, No. 33.","Chirichigno, F. N. & Velez D, J. (1998) Clave para identificaticar los peces marinos del Peru (segunda edicion, revisada y actualizada). Instituto de Mar de Peru Publicacion Especial.","Robertson, D. R. and Allen, G. R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: an Information System. Version 2.0 (2008). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa. http: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / sftep / en / pages","Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2002) Shorefishes of the tropical eastern Pacific: an information system. CD-ROM. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama."]}

Atherinops affinis (Ayres, 1860). Topsmelt. To 38.8 cm (15.3 in) TL (M.L., unpubl. data). Near Sooke Harbour, Vancouver Island, British Columbia to Gulf of California (Miller and Lea 1972); not in central or southern Gulf of California (Robertson and Allen 2002). Nearshore; marine, brackish, and very occasionally nearly fresh waters (Moyle 2002); depth: surface (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California), intertidal to 26 m (85 ft) (min: Chotkowski 1994; max.: Limbaugh 1955). A maximum depth record of 63 m (207 ft) (NWFSC-FRAM), from a bottom trawl haul, is likely in error and represents a midwater catch on deployment or retrieval., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Miller, D. J. & Lea, R. N. (1972) Guide to the coastal marine fishes of California. California Department of Fish and Game Fish Bulletin, 157.","Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2002) Shorefishes of the tropical eastern Pacific: an information system. CD-ROM. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.","Moyle, P. B. (2002) Inland Fishes of California. Revised and Expanded. University of California Press, Berkeley.","Chotkowski, M. A. (1994) The Behavioral Ecology and Population Dynamics of the Intertidal Fishes of the Northeast Pacific. Ph. D. Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles.","Limbaugh, C. (1955) Fish life in the kelp beds and the effects of kelp harvesting. University of California, Institute of Marine Research, IMR Ref. 55 - 9."]}

Atherinopsis californiensis Girard, 1854. Jacksmelt. To 48.6 cm (19.1 in) TL (Love et al. 2005). Yaquina Bay, Oregon (Miller and Lea 1972) to at least Bah��a Magdalena, southern Baja California (De La Cruz-Ag��ero et al. 1994), and in western and northeastern Gulf of California (Robertson and Allen 2002). Nearshore; marine, brackish, and occasionally fresh water (Moyle 2002); depth: surface and intertidal to at least 29 m (95 ft) (min.: Carlisle et al. 1960; max.: Limbaugh 1955); also found in hypersaline ponds (Ruiz-Campos et al. 2000). A maximum depth record of 103 m (338 ft) (NWFSC-FRAM), from a bottom trawl haul, is likely in error and represents a midwater catch on deployment or retrieval., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Love, M. S., Mecklenburg, C. W., Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K. (2005) Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon Border. United States Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Biological Resources Divition, Seattle, OCS Study MMS 2005 - 030 and USGS / NBII 2005 - 001.","Miller, D. J. & Lea, R. N. (1972) Guide to the coastal marine fishes of California. California Department of Fish and Game Fish Bulletin, 157.","De La Cruz-Aguero, J., Galvan-Magana, F., Abitia-Cardenas, L. A., Rodriguez-Romero, J. & Gutierrez-Sanchez, F. J. (1994) Systematic list of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Ciencias Marinas, 20, 17 - 31.","Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2002) Shorefishes of the tropical eastern Pacific: an information system. CD-ROM. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.","Moyle, P. B. (2002) Inland Fishes of California. Revised and Expanded. University of California Press, Berkeley.","Carlisle, J. G. Jr., Schott, J. W. & Abramson, N. J. (1960) The barred surfperch (Amphistichus argenteus Agassiz) in southern California. California Department of Fish and Game, Fish Bulletin, 109.","Limbaugh, C. (1955) Fish life in the kelp beds and the effects of kelp harvesting. University of California, Institute of Marine Research, IMR Ref. 55 - 9.","Ruiz-Campos, G., Contreras-Balderas, S., Lozano-Vilano, M. L., Gonzalez-Guzman, S. & Alaniz-Garcia, J. (2000) Ecological and distributional status of the continental fishes of northwestern Baja California, Mexico. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 99, 59 - 90."]}

Atherinella eriarcha Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. Longfin Silverside. To at least 8.5 cm (3.3 in) SL (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California). Bah��a San Hip��lito, southern Baja California (Watson in Moser 1996) to Colombia (Lavenberg and Chernoff in Fischer et al. 1995), including lower Gulf of California (Lavenberg and Chernoff in Fischer et al. 1995). Depth: surface (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California), intertidal to 15 m (50 ft) (min.: Robertson and Allen 2002; max.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Moser, H. G. (Ed.). (1996) The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. CALCOFI Atlas, No. 33.","Fischer, W., Krupp, F., Schneider, W., Sommer, C., Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (1995) Guia FAO para la identificacion para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico centro-oriental. Volume II, Vertebrados, Parte 1. Volume III, Vertebrados, Parte 2. FAO, Rome.","Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2002) Shorefishes of the tropical eastern Pacific: an information system. CD-ROM. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama."]}

Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres, 1860). California Grunion. To 19 cm (7.5 in) TL (Eschmeyer and Herald 1983). Tomales Bay, northern California (Roberts et al. 2007) to Bah��a Magdalena, southern Baja California (Miller and Lea 1972). Depth: intertidal to 18 m (60 ft) (Miller and Lea 1972)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Eschmeyer, W. N. & Herald, E. S. (1983) A Field Guide to Pacific Coast Fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.","Roberts, D., Lea, R. N. & Martin, K. L. (2007) First record of the occurrence of the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, in Tomales Bay, California, a northern extension of the species. California Fish and Game, 93, 107 - 110.","Miller, D. J. & Lea, R. N. (1972) Guide to the coastal marine fishes of California. California Department of Fish and Game Fish Bulletin, 157."]}

This checklist of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel enumerates 469 species which is an addition of 62 species since the previous checklist of 2005. This new checklist includes 58 Condrichthys and 411 Osteicthys species. Most newly-recorded species are of Red Sea origin (Lessepsian migrants)—38 species, 25 species are from previously poorly investigated habitats, mainly deep water, while two species reached the Mediterranean most likely by ballast water and two are aquaculture escapees. The dramatic increase in the number of Lessepsian migrants (an average of 2.5 species per year) is most likely due to the increased water influx between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean, following the recent opening of the new parallel, 72 km, “new canal” and the enlargement of other parts of the Suez Canal.

ATHERINIDAE Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 Atherina mocho: Ben-Tuvia, 1953a; Ben-Tuvia, 1953c. Atherina mochon: Ben-Tuvia, 1971a. Atherina boyeri: Gon, 1979 (Gen. Biol., Heb.); Gon & Ben-Tuvia, 1983 (Gen. Biol.); Goren & Galil, 1998 (Heb.); Ben-Tuvia & Golani, 1993 (Gen. Biol.); Golani, 1996; Golani, 1997 (Heb.); Ogorek, 1999; Golani, 2003; Ethad, 2004 (Heb.); Golani, 2005; Golani et al., 2007; Stern, 2010; Levitt, 2012 Goren, et al., 2016. * Atherinomorus forskalii (R��ppell, 1838) Atherina forskalii: Bodenheimer, 1937. Atherina pinguis: Haas & Steinitz, 1947; Ben-Tuvia, 1953c. Hepsetia pinguis: Ben-Tuvia, 1953a; Ben-Tuvia, 1953b; Perlmutter, 1956. Pranesus pinguis: Fowler & Steinitz, 1956; Ben-Tuvia, 1966; Ben-Tuvia, 1971a; Lourie, 1972 (Ichthyoplan, Heb.); Paperna, 1972 (Parasit.); Diamant, 1977 (Heb.); Ben-Tuvia, 1978; Por, 1978; Fischthal, 1980 (Parasit.). Atherinops lacunosus: Ben-Tuvia, 1985. Atherinomorus lacunosus: Diamant et al., 1986; Goren & Galil, 1998 (Heb.); Ivantsoff & Crowley, 1991 (Syst.); Ben-Tuvia & Golani, 1993 (Gen. Biol.); Golani, 1993b (Feed.); Golani, 1996; Golani & Ben-Tuvia, 1996; Golani, 1997 (Heb.); Golani, 1998a; Golani, 1998b; Ogorek, 1999; Bucciarelli et al., 2002 (Gen.); Golani, 2002a; Golani, et al., 2002; Golani, 2003; Ethad, 2004 (Heb.); Goren & Galil, 2005; Golani et al. 2007. Atherinomorus forskalii: Golani, 2005; Kimura et al., 2007., Published as part of Golani, Daniel, 2021, An updated Checklist of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel, with illustrations of recently recorded species and delineation of Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4956 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4956.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4691195, {"references":["Ben-Tuvia, A. (1953 a) Mediterranean fishes of Israel. Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Research Station, Haifa, 8, 1 - 40.","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1953 c) Fishes caught off Caesarea, on the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 2 (4), 439.","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1971 a) Revised list of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 20, 1 - 39.","Gon, O. (1979) The biology of Boyer's sand smelt, (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810), (Atherinidae) in the Bardawil Lagoon. M. Sc. Thesis. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 48 pp. [in Hebrew]","Gon, O. & Ben-Tuvia, A. (1983) The biology of Boyer's sand smelt, Atherina boyeri Risso in the Bardawil Lagoon on the Mediterranean coast of Sinai. Journal of Fish Biology, 22, 537 - 547. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1983. tb 04213. x","Ben-Tuvia, A. & Golani, D. (1993) Some observations on the biology of atherinid fishes from the Mediterranean and Red Sea coasts of Israel. Pour qui la Mediterranee ou 21 eme Siecle? Le Systeme Littoral Mediterraneen. Actes Du Colloque Scientifique, Montpellier, France, 58 - 63 pp.","Golani, D. (1997) Handbook of the Fishes of Israel. Keter Publishing House Ltd. Jrusalem. 269 pp. [in Hebrew].","Ogorek, R. (1999) Ecological aspects of the fish community in the Shikmona reef. M. Sc. Thesis. Tel-Aviv University, 74 pp. [in Hebrew]","Golani, D. (2003) Fish assemblages associated with net pen mariculture and an adjacent rocky habitat in the Port of Ashdod, Israel (eastern Mediterranean) - preliminary results. Acta Adritica, 44, 51 - 59.","Ethad, D. (2004) Fishes caught in the Electric Company's Haifa power station's filtering systems in relation to environmental conditions and in comparison to fish assemblages from ancient coastal sites. M. Sc. Thesis. University of Haifa, 98 + 4 pp. [in Hebrew with English abstract]","Levitt, Y. (2012) The impact of depth gradient on the status of alien species along the Mediterranean Sea coast of Israel. M. Sc. Thesis. Tel-Aviv University, 90 pp.","Bodenheimer, F. S. (1937) Prodromus Faunae Palestinae. Mem. Inst. Egypt, 233, 271 - 275.","Haas, G. & Steinitz, H. (1947) Erythrean fishes on the Mediterranean coast of Palestine. Nature, 160, 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 160028 b 0","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1953 b) New Erythrean fishes from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Nature, 172, 464 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 172464 b 0","Fowler, H. W. & Steinitz, H. (1956) Fishes from Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel and Oman. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 5 B (3 - 4), 260 - 292.","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1966) Red Sea fishes recently found in the Mediterranean. Copeia, 1966, 254 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1441133","Lourie, A. (1972) Distribution and occurrence of the young stages of fishes in the upper layers along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. M. Sc. Thesis. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 85 pp. [in Hebrew]","Paperna, I. (1972) Parasitological implications of fish migration through interoceanic canals. 17 e Congress of Internatioal Zoology, Monte Carlo, 5 + iv pp. [mimeo]","Diamant, A. (1977) A quantitative and qualitative analysis of a fish community of an artificial reef in the Mediterranean Sea, with comparison to those of natural biotopes. M. Sc. Thesis. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 106 pp. [in Hebrew]","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1978) Immigration of fishes through the Suez Canal. Fishery Bulletin, 76 (1), 249 - 255.","Por, F. D. (1978) Lessepsian Migration. The Influx of Red Sea Biota into the Mediterranean by Way of the Suez Canal. Ecological Studies, 23. Springer - Verlag, Berlin, 228 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 66728 - 2","Fischthal, J. H. (1980) Some digenetic trematodes of marine fishes from Israel's Mediterranean coast and their zoogeography, especially those from the Red Sea immigrant fishes. Zoologica Scripta, 9, 11 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00647. x","Ben-Tuvia, A. (1985) The impact of the Lessepsian (Suez Canal) fish migration on the eastern Mediterranean ecosystem. In: Moraitou-Apostolopoulou, M. & Kiortsis, V. (Eds.), Mediterranean Marine Ecosystems. Plenum Publishing Corporation, pp. 367 - 375. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4899 - 2248 - 9 _ 17","Diamant, A., Ben-Tuvia, A., Baranes, A. & Golani, D. (1986) An analysis of rocky coastal eastern Mediterranean fish assemblages and a comparison with an adjacent small artificial reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 97, 269 - 285. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 0981 (86) 90245 - 5","Ivantsoff, W. & Crowley, L. E. L. M. (1991) Review of the Australian silverside fishes of the genus Atherinomorus (Atherinidae). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 42, 479 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 9910479","Golani, D. (1993 b) Trophic adaptations of Red Sea fishes to the eastern Mediterranean environment - review and new data. Israel Journal of Zoology, 39, 391 - 402.","Golani, D. (1998 a) Distribution of Lessepsian migrant fish in the Mediterranean. Italian Journal of Zoology, 65 (suppl.), 95 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250009809386801","Golani, D. (1998 b) Impact of Red Sea fish migrants through the Suez Canal on the aquatic environment of the easrern Mediterranean. Bullitin of the Yale School of Forestry and Environment Studies, 103, 375 - 387.","Bucciarelli, G., Golani, D. & Bernardi, G. (2002) Genetic cryptic species as biological invaders: the case of a Lessepsian fish migrant, the hardyhead silverside Atheinomorus lacunosus. Journal of Experiment Marine Biology and Ecology 273, 143 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0022 - 0981 (02) 00138 - 7","Golani, D. (2002 a) Lessepsian fish migration - charaterization and impact on the eastern Mediterranean. In: Ozturk, B. & Basusta, N. (Eds.), Workshop on Lessepsian Migration Proceedings. Turkish Marinre Research Foundation, Istanbul, 9, pp. 1 - 9.","Goren, M. & Galil, B. S. (2005) A review of changes in the fish assemblages of Levantine inland and marine ecosystems following the introduction of non-native fishes. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 21, 364 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0426.2005.00674. x","Kimura, S., Golani, D., Iwatsuki, Y., Tabuchi, M. & Yoshino, T. (2007) Redescriptions of the Indo-Pacific atherinid fishes Atherinomorus forskalii, Atherinomorus lacunosus and Atherinomorus pinguis. Ichthyological Research, 54, 145 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 006 - 0386 - 7"]}

Neostethus lankesteri Regan, 1916 Material examined. MALAYSIA • 3, 27– 35 mm TL; Kedah State, Semeling, Semeling Bridge; 5.680°N, 100.470°E; 17 Jul. 2019; Sébastien Lavoué leg.; USMFC (108) 00001., Published as part of Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz, Lavoué, Sébastien, Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani, Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah, A. Rahim, Masazurah & Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna, 2021, Ichthyofauna of Sungai Merbok Mangrove Forest Reserve, northwest Peninsular Malaysia, and its adjacent marine waters, pp. 601-631 in Check List 17 (2) on page 619, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.601

Membras procera sp. nov. Fig. 3B, Table 1 Holotype. ANSP 153427 (36.6 mm SL); Colombia: Gulf of Urab��, 8 17.0��� N, 76 49.5���W; R. V. Pillsbury, 11 July 1966. Paratypes. All lots collected with holotype. ANSP 153428 (36.1 mm SL); UMML 30095, 2 (34.0��� 36.3 mm SL). Diagnosis. A species of Membras belonging to the martinica species-group, distinguishable from all congeners by the following characters: anus between anal fin origin and pelvic fin insertion; tips of pelvic fins reaching anterior margin of vent; posterior margins of predorsal and lateral scales strongly laciniate; lateral scales 42���44; predorsal scales 20���22; length of spinous dorsal fin 8.5���9.5% SL; least depth of caudal peduncle 7.3���8.6% SL. Description. Morphometric data given in Table 1. Values for holotype indicated by asterisks; number of examined specimens with a given count in parentheses. A dwarf species, known from specimens less than 40 mm SL, yet specimens with large testes and large eggs. Body slender, elongate with belly curving gracefully to slender, elongate caudal peduncle. Anus almost midway between pelvic fin insertion and anal fin origin. Spinous dorsal fin just anterior to origin of anal fin and posterior to anus. Dorsal fins well separated. Base of second dorsal fin terminates posterior to anal fin. Head length Pigmentation in alcohol. Overall, a lightly pigmented species, most pigment contained on lateral stripe. Top of head with posterior heart-shaped brain pigment with deeply incised central notch; anterior portion with a blotch of pigment; remainder of frontals almost immaculate. Ethmoid region irregularly pigmented with a few scattered flecks. One or two large melanophores under nasal bones. Premaxila dusky dorsally becoming sparser laterally, not extending to labial ligament. Dentary with a row of dark, large melanophores, largest under labia ligament, extending to joint with quadrate. Gular region immaculate. Infraorbital series, opercular bones and branchiostegals with relatively few scattered pigment specks. Lateral stripe less than a scale width anteriorly expanding to 1.5 scales at mid-body and decreasing to less than a scale on the caudal peduncle. Lateral stripe with several rows of distinct melanophores, the darkest and largest along the dorsal margin. Usually two rows of melanophores between upper edge of lateral stripe and dorsum; scale margins not outlined or crosshatched. Predorsal and interdorsal stripes with a single file of melanophores; postdorsal stripe with one or two rows. Body below lateral stripe and breast without pigment. Row of melanophores from posterior margin of anus along sides of anal fin and under caudal peduncle to caudal fin. Spinous dorsal fin with a few large melanophores along anterior spines. Second dorsal and anal fins with melanophores along rays not on membranes. Pelvic fin immaculate. Pectoral fin with melanophores present only on inner surface of basal part of rays; fleshy base of fin lacking pigment spots. Distribution and Habitat. The species is only known from the Gulf of Urab�� in eastern Colombia. It was collected in open water about 1 km offshore. The species was captured at night when lights were submerged below the surface waters to 1 m off the R.V. Pilsbury. Etymology. The species-group name, procera, an adjective derived from the Latin, meaning long or slender, in reference to the overall shape of this species., Published as part of Chernoff, Barry, Machado-Allison, Antonio, Escobedo, Jennifer, Freiburger, Michael, Henderson, Elijah, Hennessy, Andrew, Kohn, Grace, Neri, Nola, Parikh, Aashni, Scobell, Sophie, Silverstone, Benjamin & Young, Emily, 2020, Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean, pp. 191-202 in Zootaxa 4852 (2) on pages 197-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4409798

Chernoff, Barry, Machado-Allison, Antonio, Escobedo, Jennifer, Freiburger, Michael, Henderson, Elijah, Hennessy, Andrew, Kohn, Grace, Neri, Nola, Parikh, Aashni, Scobell, Sophie, Silverstone, Benjamin, Young, Emily (2020): Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Zootaxa 4852 (2): 191-202, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4852.2.4

Key to the Genus Membras Bonaparte 1A. Rostral sensory system 4+2, without four large pits at margin of frontal bones; scales around body 20���27, modally 22................................................................................................. M. gilberti 1B. Rostral sensory system 4+2+4, with four large deep pits at margin of frontal bones (in largest specimens the two intermediate pits may fuse with the two posterior pits); scales around body 13���19, modally 16................................... 2 2A. Anus located just anterior to origin of anal fin; tips of pelvic fins not reaching anterior margin of vent; predorsal scales 21���26, modally 23���24; posterior margins of scales laciniate................................................ M. martinica 2B. Anus positioned closer to base of pelvic fin than to origin of anal fin; tips of pelvic fins reaching or extending beyond anterior margin of vent; predorsal scales 16���21, modally 19���20; posterior margins of scales smooth or laciniate................ 3 3A Posterior margins of predorsal and lateral scales strongly laciniate............................................... 4 3B Posterior margins of predorsal and lateral scales smooth or irregular............................................. 5 4A Lateral scales 38���39; predorsal scales 16���18, modally 18; length of spinous dorsal fin 6.4���6.9% SL, mean = 6.8%; least depth of caudal peduncle greater than 9.2���9.5% SL, mean = 9.4%........................................... M. argentea 4B. Lateral scales more than 40; predorsal scales 20���21, modally 21; length of spinous dorsal fin 8.8���9.0% SL, mean = 8.8%; least depth of caudal peduncle 7.4���8.6% SL, mean = 8.2%.......................................... M. procera sp. nov. 5A. Precaudal vertebrae 17���18; pre-anal-fin length 6.3���6.4% SL, mean = 63.6%; orbit diameter 6.5���6.7% SL, mean = 6.6%; lateral stripe becomes diffuse at base of caudal fin, lacking a distinctive mark.................................. M. dissimilis 5B. Precaudal vertebrae 14���16, modally 15; pre-anal-fin length 5.6���6.2% SL, mean = 6.0%; orbit diameter 6.8���8.5% SL, mean = 7.7%; lateral stripe ends distinctly before hypural base there can be a diffuse spot or crescent mark present...............6 6A. Least depth of caudal peduncle 8.5���10.5% SL, mean = 9.7%; body depth 15.7���18.1% SL, mean = 16.9%; total gill rakers, first arch 15���18, modally 16���17....................................................................... M. analis 6B. Least depth of caudal peduncle 6.7���8.5% SL, mean = 7.7%; body depth 13.5���15.9% SL, mean = 14.8%; total gill rakers, first arch 16���20, modally 18 or 19............................................................ M. pygmaea sp. nov., Published as part of Chernoff, Barry, Machado-Allison, Antonio, Escobedo, Jennifer, Freiburger, Michael, Henderson, Elijah, Hennessy, Andrew, Kohn, Grace, Neri, Nola, Parikh, Aashni, Scobell, Sophie, Silverstone, Benjamin & Young, Emily, 2020, Two new miniature silverside fishes of the genus Membras Bonaparte (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean, pp. 191-202 in Zootaxa 4852 (2) on page 194, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4409798

The current status of the inland waters ichthyofauna of Turkey is revised, and an updated checklist of the freshwater fishes is presented. The latest checklist included all species listed in the available previous study that was published in 2015, which is now updated after a period of five years. We revised the validity of previously accepted species and added newly described and reported species in Turkey. Some previously erroneously reported species and not established alien fishes were excluded from this checklist. A total of 384 fish species belonging to 20 orders and 34 families have been reported in the inland waters of Turkey. Among these, 15 species (3.9%) are non-native and 208 species (54.2%) are considered as endemic to Turkey. A total of 119 species previously reported from Turkey have been excluded from Turkish ichthyofauna list, either in the present study or in previous studies.

Atherininae Risso 1827 Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 [N]―[LC], Big-scale sand smelt/Gümüș baligi/All coasts of Anatolian brackish waters, translo- cated to many reservoirs in Anatolia (Bilecenoglu et al. 2002; Kuru 2004; Geldiay & Balik 2007; Fricke et al. 2007; Bilecenoglu et al. 2014; Kuru et al. 2014; Çiçek et al. 2015)., Published as part of Çiçek, Erdogan, Sungur, Sevil & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Turkey; a revised and updated annotated checklist 2020, pp. 241-270 in Zootaxa 4809 (2) on page 257, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4809.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/3934124, {"references":["Bilecenoglu, M., Taskavak, E., Mater, S. & Kaya, M. (2002) Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa, 113 (1), 1 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 113.1.1","Kuru, M. (2004) Recent systematic status of inland water fishes of Turkey. Journal of Education Faculty of Gazi, 24, 1 - 21.","Geldiay, R & Balik, S. (2007) Freshwater Fishes of Turkey. V. Edition, Ege University Press, Bornova, Izmir, 638 pp.","Fricke, R., Bilecenoglu, M. & Sari, H. M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostomata and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 706, 1 - 172.","Bilecenoglu, M., Kaya, M., Cihangir, B. & Cicek, E. (2014) An updated checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 901 - 929. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1405 - 60","Kuru, M., Yerli, S. V., Mangit, F., Unlu, E. & Alp, A. (2014) Fish Biodiversity in Inland Waters of Turkey. Journal of Academic Documents for Fisheries and Aquaculture, 1 (3), 93 - 120.","Cicek, E., Sungur-Birecikligil, S. & Fricke, R. (2015) Freshwater fishes of Turkey: A revised and updated annotated checklist. Biharean Biologist, 9 (2), 141 - 157."]}

8. The likewise Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829 was reported by the Deveciyan (1915: 115), also with the market details, but the objection could not be understood with self reference to commenter only., Published as part of Art��z, M. Levent & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, Response to the comments regarding " The marine teleost fishes of the Sea of Marmara; an updated and annotated checklist " by Art��z & Fricke (2019), pp. 395-400 in Zootaxa 4802 (2) on page 397, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.2.13, http://zenodo.org/record/3991001, {"references":["Deveciyan, K. (1915) Balik ve balikcilik. Duyun-i Osmaniye varidat-i mahsuse idare-yi merkeziyesi matbaasi, Istanbul, 60 pp. [in Ottomane]"]}

Artüz, M. Levent, Fricke, Ronald (2020): Response to the comments regarding "The marine teleost fishes of the Sea of Marmara; an updated and annotated checklist" by Artüz & Fricke (2019). Zootaxa 4802 (2): 395-400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4802.2.13

Atherina boyeri Risso 1810 ���Big-scale sand smelt Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Atherina mochon Cuvier 1829 by George et al. (1964: 16); subsequently recorded as Atherina boyeri Risso by Mouneimn�� (1977: 65); as Atherina boyeri Risso 1810 by Mouneimn�� (2002: 106); recently recorded as Atherina boyeri by Bariche et al. (2009: 3). Material in collection: AMNH, AUBM and USNM. Distribution. Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea, Sea of Azov, eastern Atlantic: southern North Sea to Mauritania including Canary Islands; introduced into lakes in Turkey. Conservation. IUCN: Global (LC: 1 January 2008); Med. (LC: 16 November 2007). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, NIS, unknown. Occurrence: Common. Low priority for conservation action. Aulopiformes, Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887, {"references":["George, C. J., Athanassiou, V. A. & Boulos, I. (1964) The fishes of the coastal waters of Lebanon. Miscellaneous Papers in the Natural Sciences. The American University of Beirut, 4, 1 - 24.","Mouneimne, N. (1977) Liste des poissons de la cote du Liban (Mediterranee orientale). Cybium, 3 (1), 37 - 66.","Mouneimne, N. (2002) Poissons marins du Liban et de la Mediterranee orientale. INCAM-EU / CNRS Lebanon, Beyrouth, 271 pp."]}

This is an annotated checklist of the marine fish species of Lebanon (Levant coast, eastern Mediterranean). It comprises a total of 367 fish species distributed in 159 families and 27 orders, out of which 70 species are non-indigenous and 28 are recorded for the first time from Lebanon. The checklist includes all names and citations of species found in the literature, as well as references to specimens available in museum collections. It also includes an updated zoogeographic distribution and conservation status for each species. Threats were estimated based on surveys and observations made over the last two decades; broadly categorized conservation actions were also suggested.

Atherinomorus forskalii (R��ppell 1838) ���Red Sea hardyhead silverside Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Atherina pinguis Linnaeus 1803 by George et al. (1964: 16); subsequently recorded as Pranesus pinguis (Lacep��de) by Mouneimn�� (1977: 65); as Pranesus pinguis (Lacep��de 1803) by Mouneimn�� (2002: 107); recently recorded as Atherinomorus lacunosus by Harmelin-Vivien et al. (2005: 628); as Atherinomorus lacunosus by Bariche et al. (2007: 112); as Atherinomorus lacunosus by Bariche et al. (2009: 3); as Atherinomorus forskalii by Bariche et al. (2015: 2366). Material in collection: AUBM and USNM (as Atherina hepsetia pinguis). Material in collection: AUBM Distribution. Red Sea endemic; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Conservation. IUCN: Global (NE). Capture and threats: Unknown. Occurrence: Very common. Non-indigenous species, no conservation action needed., Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on pages 116-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887, {"references":["George, C. J., Athanassiou, V. A. & Boulos, I. (1964) The fishes of the coastal waters of Lebanon. Miscellaneous Papers in the Natural Sciences. The American University of Beirut, 4, 1 - 24.","Mouneimne, N. (1977) Liste des poissons de la cote du Liban (Mediterranee orientale). Cybium, 3 (1), 37 - 66.","Mouneimne, N. (2002) Poissons marins du Liban et de la Mediterranee orientale. INCAM-EU / CNRS Lebanon, Beyrouth, 271 pp.","Harmelin-Vivien, M. L., Bitar, G., Harmelin, J. G. & Monestiez, P. (2005) The littoral fish community of the Lebanese rocky coast (eastern Mediterranean Sea) with emphasis on Red Sea immigrants. Biological Invasions, 7, 625 - 637. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 004 - 5852 - 4","Bariche, M., Sadek, R., Al-Zein, M. S. & El-Fadel, M. (2007) Diversity of juvenile fish assemblages in the pelagic waters of Lebanon (eastern Mediterranean). Hydrobiologia, 580, 109 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 006 - 0461 - 0","Bariche, M., Torres, M., Smith, C., Sayar, N., Azzurro, E., Baker, R. & Bernardi, G. (2015) Red Sea fishes in the Mediterranean Sea: a preliminary investigation of a biological invasion using DNA barcoding. Journal of Biogeography, 42 (12), 2363 - 2373. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 12595"]}

Melanotaenia sahulensis sp. nov. Sahul Rainbowfish (figs 5 & 7; tables 4–5) Melanotaenia maccullochi non Ogilby, 1915 — Allen (1981) (in part): 87 (Fig. 5 Pahoturi River, and Fig. 6 Jardine River); Allen & Cross (1982) (in part): 52 (image page 30, Pahoturi River); Merrick & Schmida (1984) (in part): 164 (plate 140, Jardine River); Leggett & Merrick (1987) (in part): 142 (plate 64, Jardine River); Allen (1989) (in part): 98 (plate 28, Pahoturi River); Paxton et al. (1989) (in part): 350; Allen (1991) (in part): 91 (plate 5, no. 6); Allen (1995) (in part): 56 (images on cover and page 43, lower image page 31 “ PNG ” — captions reversed, page 124, PNG); Herbert & Peeters (1995) (in part): 51 (plate 58, Blue Valley Lagoon); Herbert et al. (1995) (in part): 18; Lundberg et al. (2000) (in part): 51 (Figure 26 bottom image); McGuigan et al. (2000) (in part): 715; Unmack (2001) (in part): 1061; Allen et al. (2002) (in part): 152 (image Skull Creek); Hitchcock (2002): 120; Johnson (2003) (in part): 143; Pusey et al. (2004) (in part): 242; Allen et al. (2006) (in part): 692; Allen et al. (2008) (in part): 92 (image of male, Sigabaduru and female, Bensbach River, PNG); Tappin (2010) (in part): 282 (images PNG, Skull Creek); Cook et al. (2012) (in part): 265; Hitchcock et al. (2012): 18; Unmack et al. (2013) (in part): 19; Aland (2014): 815 (image page 813); Graf et al. (2015) (in part): 870; Schmida (2015) (in part): 86 (images Skull Creek, Burster Creek, Moa Island); Pusey et al. (2017) (in part): 39 (point data distribution map). Material examined (267 specimens, 13.4–48.4 mm SL). Holotype: WAM P.26757-001, male, 45.0 mm SL, Pahoturi River, Sigabadu (09° 14.75ʹS, 142° 44.05ʹE), Paratypes: AMS I.21008-005, 105 specimens, 32.4–40.6 mm SL, Bamaga area (19 km NE) (10° 25.2ʹS, 142° 00ʹE), Queensland, seine, G. Webb, 2 September 1972; QM I.21792, 24.7 mm SL, Burster Creek (10° 54ʹS, 142° 20ʹE), Queensland, R. Leggett, 2 September 1985; QM I.27642, 13 specimens, 24.5–36.2 mm SL, Woomera Ck drainage (billabong), near Lockerbie (10° 52ʹS, 142° 28ʹE), Queensland, J. Short, 28 October 1990; QM I.38845, 5 specimens, 30.3–32.9 mm SL, creek on Kubin-St Paul Road, Moa Island (10° 12.5ʹS, 142° 16.4ʹE), Queensland, dip net, G. Aland, 23 March 2011; QM I.39247, 7 specimens, 16.1–29.4 mm SL, Scrubby Creek, Silver Plains (13° 44.7ʹS, 143° 28.5ʹE), Queensland, electrofisher, P. Graham, B. Herbert & J. Peeters (QFS), 10 June 1993; QM I.39613, 32.9 mm SL, Sand dune lake, near Harmer Creek (11° 57.5ʹS, 142° 56.2ʹE), Queensland, electrofisher, Queensland Fisheries Service /CYPLUS, 29 October 1992; QM I.39862, 2 specimens, 23.4–28.1 mm SL, Harmer Creek tributary (11° 58.9ʹS, 142° 50.6ʹE), Queensland, Queensland Fisheries Service, 7 August 1993; QM I.39872, 25.3 mm SL, Blue Valley Lagoon, Cody Creek system (10° 50.3ʹS, 142° 28.2ʹE), Queensland, Queensland Fisheries Service, 15 August 1993; QM I.39886, 2 specimens, 23.2–25.1 mm SL, Harmer Creek, Shelburne Bay (11° 58.7ʹS, 142° 53.4ʹE), Queensland, Queensland Fisheries Service, 8 August 1993; WAM P.26555-001, 11 specimens, 31.4– 40.1 mm SL, Bamaga area (19 km NE) (10°53ʹS, 142°24ʹE), Queensland, seine, G. Webb, 2 September 1972; WAM P.26757-002, female, 38.7 mm SL, collected with holotype; WAM P.27818-001, 43 specimens, 20.6–31.5 mm SL, Bensbach River, side billabong near Lodge (08°51ʹS, 141°13ʹE), seine, G. Allen & J. Paska, 29 September 1982; WAM P.28149-002, 9 specimens, 23.3–32.0 mm SL, small tributary of Fly River, Oboe (07°36ʹS, 141°19ʹE), seine, G. Allen & D. Balloch, 15 September 1983; WAM P.31342-008, 2 specimens, 25.3–27.2 mm SL, Bensbach River, vicinity of Lodge (08°50ʹS, 141°14ʹE), fine mesh net, G. Hitchcock, 1 May 1997. Other material examined: AMS I.21237-027, 19 mm SL, Creek before Jardine River (11° 09ʹS, 142° 22.2ʹE), D. Hoese & G. Allen, 1979; AMS I.21247-003, 29 specimens, 17–25 mm SL, Bridge Creek, Jardine River system (11° 13.2ʹS, 142° 22.8ʹE), D. Hoese, 1979; NTM S.17828-001, 5 specimens, 28.2–41.1 mm SL, Kia Creek, Moa Island (captive stock) (10° 11.0ʹS, 142° 17.0ʹE), B. Hansen, 2012; NTM S.18153-001, 7 specimens, 30.1–48.4 mm SL, Skull Creek, near Bamaga (captive stock) (10° 57.6ʹS, 142° 19.8ʹE), D. Wilson, 2017; QM I.17766, 10 specimens, 18.4–21.8 mm SL, Bridge Creek, Jardine River system (11° 14ʹS, 142° 22ʹE), D. Hoese, 1979; QM I.21420, 47 specimens, 13.4–20.9 mm SL, Conical Hill Lake, Shelburne Bay (11° 56ʹS, 143° 08ʹE), P. Saenger, 1984; QM I.21801, 5 specimens, 20.1–22.4 mm SL, Bamaga Rd, creek north of Sanamere Lagoon (11° 07ʹS, 142° 22ʹE), R. Leggett, 1985; QM I.38290, 4 specimens, 25.1–27.0 mm SL, Kai Creek, Moa Island (10° 11ʹS, 142° 17ʹE), G. Aland, 2008; QM I.39877, 6 specimens, 24.1–25.9 mm SL, Creek at Temple Bay (12° 14.9ʹS, 143° 04.8ʹE), Queensland Fisheries Service, 1993; SMF 12636, 4 specimens, 28.8–31.2 mm SL, Ditches at Merauke (08° 28ʹS, 140° 20ʹE), A. Werner & E. Frech, 1973; WAM P.26381-004, 1 specimen, 22 mm SL, Jardine River, south of crossing (11°10ʹS, 142°22ʹE), G. Allen & party, 1978; WAM P.26717-019, 3 specimens, 18–20 mm SL, Small tributary of Jardine River (11°09ʹS, 142°22ʹE), G. Allen & D. Hoese, 1979; WAM P.26719-005, 21 specimens, 21–29 mm SL, Bridge Creek, Cape York Road crossing (11°13ʹS, 142°23ʹE), G. Allen & D. Hoese, 1979; WAM P.26754-002, 3 specimens, 30–32 mm SL, Sadi Tiperrse Creek, Morehead (08°43ʹS, 141°39ʹE), R. Moore, 1973; WAM P.26754-003, 2 specimens, 31–32 mm SL, Sadi Tiperrse Creek, Morehead (08°43ʹS, 141°39ʹE), R. Moore, 1973; WAM P.26759-002, 2 specimens, 29–30 mm SL, Sadi Swamp, Morehead (08°42ʹS, 141°39ʹE), R. Moore, 1973; WAM P.26760-001, 24 mm SL, Bensbach River, Balamuk (08°57ʹS, 141°15ʹE), R. Moore, 1973; WAM P.26767-002, 11 specimens, 19–31 mm SL, Pahoturi River, Sigabadu swamps (09°20ʹS, 142°38ʹE), R. Moore, 1973; WAM P.27011-004, 19 mm SL, Creek south of Jardine River crossing (11°10ʹS, 142°22ʹE), G. Allen, 1978; WAM P.27816-002, 19 specimens, 18–28 mm SL, Balamuk River, Bensbach (08°54ʹS, 141°17ʹE), G. Allen, 1982; WAM P.27817-001, 11 specimens, 22–27 mm SL, Bensbach River, upstream of Lodge (08°51ʹS, 141°13ʹE), G. Allen & J. Paska, 1982; WAM P.27823-005, 3 specimens, 22–28 mm SL, Bensbach River, upstream of Lodge (08°53ʹS, 141°12ʹE), G. Allen & J. Paska, 1982. Diagnosis: A species of Melanotaenia with well-contrasted dark lateral body stripes, distinguished by the following combination of characters: dorsal rays V–VII, I,7–10 (mode 8); total anal rays I,15–17 (mode 16); total procurrent caudal rays 12–16 (mode 13); lateral scales 31–34 (mode 33); cheek scales usually 9–12; total gill rakers on first arch 14–18; vertebrae 32–35 (mode 34); body very deep, greatest depth 2.6–3.7 (mean 3.0) in SL and wide, greatest width 1.7–2.9 (mean 2.0) in HL; maxilla relatively long 3.2–4.2 (mean 3.6) in HL; long predorsal distance 1.8–2.2 (mean 2.0) in SL; colour in life silver to grey body with a series of black lateral stripes; fins with distinct contrasting colour zones separated by a thick dark submarginal band, most pronounced in nuptial males. Description: Based on 52 specimens, 15.6–48.4 mm SL; counts and measurements that appear in parentheses refer to the minimum and maximum values for the paratypes and other specimens where different from the holotype. Dorsal rays VI (V–VI, rarely VII) + I,8 (8–10, rarely 7; median 8); total anal rays I,16 (15–17, median 16); pectoral rays 13 (11–14); pelvic rays I,5; branched caudal rays 15; total procurrent caudal rays 14, 7 + 7 (12–16, 6–7, rarely 8 + 6–7); lateral scales 32 (31–34, median 33); transverse scales 9 (9–10, rarely 11); predorsal scales 14 (13–17); prepelvic scales 13 (12–17); cheek scales 12 (8–13, median 10); circumpeduncular scales 12 (12–14); gill rakers on first branchial arch 3+13 (2–4 + 12–15), total gill rakers on first arch 16 (14–18); total vertebrae 34 (32–35, median 34), precaudal vertebrae 19 (18–21, median 19). Meristic data are summarised in Table 4. Head length 3.6 (3.0–4.4) in SL; body depth 3.2 (2.6–3.7, mean 3.0) in SL; greatest width of body 2.2 (1.7–2.9, mean 2.0) in HL; snout length 3.5 (3.1–4.2, mean 3.6) in HL; eye diameter 3.0 (2.5–3.1) in HL; bony interorbital width 2.6 (2.3–2.9) in HL; depth of caudal peduncle 2.2 (1.8–2.7) in HL; length of caudal peduncle 1.5 (1.2–2.0) in HL. Jaws about equal, oblique, premaxilla with an abrupt bend between the anterior horizontal portion and lateral part; maxilla ends below anterior edge of pupil or slightly anterior to this level; maxillary length 3.7 (3.2–4.2, mean 3.6) in HL; lips thin; teeth villiform to narrowly conical with slightly curved tips, extending on to outer surface of lips; teeth of upper jaw in about 3–5 irregular rows anteriorly, reduced to 1–2 rows posteriorly where clearly exposed when mouth closed; teeth in lower jaw in about 5–7 irregular rows anteriorly, reduced to a single row posteriorly. Scales of body cycloid, relatively large, and arranged in regular horizontal rows; scales of midlateral row with small rounded to vertically elongate, shallow pit at centre, beginning at about 9 th– 12 th scale; row of small, truncated scales along bases of dorsal and anal fins, forming a low sheath on anal fin; no scales on membranous portions of fins except 3-6 transverse rows of small scales basally on caudal fin and cluster of several small scales (posteriormost largest) medially at base of pelvic fins; scale margins smooth or with slight crenulations; predorsal scales extending forward to about middle of interorbital space; preopercle (cheek) covered with 8 (8–13) scales; main body of operculum covered with 17 (9–25) scales and with single row of about 5–7 additional small scales on anterior limb (i.e. interopercular directly below lower edge of preopercle). Predorsal distance 2.0 (1.8–2.2, mean 2.0) in SL (46.3–54.4, mean 49.8 as a % of SL); preanal distance 2.0 (1.6–2.0 in SL); prepelvic distance 2.7 (2.2–2.8) in SL; length of second dorsal fin base 5.7 (4.6–6.7, mean 5.5) in SL; length of anal fin base 3.1 (2.5–3.6) in SL. First dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to about two-thirds pupil width in front of anal-fin origin; longest spine (usually third or fourth) of first dorsal fin 1.2 (1.0–2.2) in HL, its adpressed tip reaching to base of first to fourth soft ray of second dorsal fin in males and to about origin of second dorsal fin in females; longest (generally penultimate and 1-2 rays anterior to penultimate in male and first in female) rays of second dorsal fin 1.5 (1.2–2.3) in HL, adpressed posterior rays extending about two-thirds to full length of caudal peduncle in males to about one-half length in females and juveniles; longest (about 8 th or 9 th) anal ray 1.5 (1.1–2.5) in HL; pelvic fin tips when adpressed reaching to base of first or second soft anal ray in male and to anal fin origin or slightly beyond in female; length of pelvic fins 1.5 (1.2–2.2) in HL; length of pectoral fins 1.3 (1.1–1.6) in HL; length of caudal fin 1.4 (1.0– 1.5 in HL); caudal fin moderately forked, caudal concavity 2.4–6.9 in HL. A summary of proportional measurements is shown in Table 5. Colour in life: Generally silver-white to grey-brown on upper half of body, lower half of body white; seven or eight black body stripes, intensity typically increasing to full and bold as adults; head brownish grey, lips greyish sometimes with hint of yellow or orange; small square shaped red to orange mark on the upper operculum; iris silver; fins colourful, with distinct zonation in the dorsal and anal fins formed by a thick submarginal dark grey to black band; a thin area of colour above the band on the fin margins (white through orange, sometimes red) and below the black band typically an area of yellow to orange (figs 5 & 7). Colour intensifies in nuptial males with more prominent body stripes and bright fin coloration; sexual dimorphism is more obvious than in the other two species treated. A faint and sometimes brighter pale yellow to orange nape stripe can be ‘flashed’ by courting males or to a lesser degree by sparring males. Colour in alcohol: Generally light brown to yellowish tan with 7–8 brown stripes on side of body as described above, although stripes sometimes faint and barely detectable, especially on long-preserved specimens; fins mainly translucent yellowish to whitish with dark bands on basal and distal portions of dorsal and anal fins frequently evident on male specimens (Fig. 7). Prepelvic scales (PreP) M. maccullochi M. sahulensis sp. nov. M. wilsoni sp. nov. 1 7 2 2 19* 37 15 9 22 36* 2 6 33.2 33.8 32.2 33 34 32 69 59 30 Precaudal vertebrae (VPC) Species 18 19 20 21 Avg. Med. n M. maccullochi M. sahulensis sp. nov. M. wilsoni sp. nov. 22 2 18 44 28* 11* 3 28 1 1 18.7 19.5 18.4 19 19 18 69 59 30 Comparisons: Most easily separated from other Australian members of the maccullochi species group based on silver-grey body colour, bold and full body stripes as adults and tri-tone dorsal and anal fins (see full respective comparisons under other species). Distribution and habitat: Museum records are displayed in Figure 1, with M. sahulensis sp. nov. native to northeast Cape York Peninsula, Australia and southern central New Guinea. Locations include the northern tip and east coast of Cape York from the Jardine River, Bamaga area, Shelburne Bay area and around as far south as Scrubby Creek; Torres Strait (Moa Island); Papua New Guinea from the Pahoturi to Bensbach river systems including the mid-Fly; and Indonesia from the Merauke area. This patchy distribution comprises a broad range with regional habitat variation, but includes larger lateral floodplain systems and small swampy creeks including dune lakes, with dense cover. Cape York habitat generally consists of small streams and Pandanus swamps in sand-soil country. During non-flood periods the water is typically clear with ample cover in the form of either log debris or aquatic vegetation. The species also occurs in lily lagoons and is most frequently found in acid waters (pH 5.5–7.0). Information specific to this species has been merged and confused with M. maccullochi s.s. and to a lesser degree M. wilsoni sp. nov. The largest wild fish recorded in this study was 40.6 mm SL (49.7 mm TL: AM I.21008-005), and fish attributable to this form (e.g. Skull Creek) grow larger in captivity (around 50 mm SL or 60 mm TL: NTM S.18153-001). Remarks: This species has been recognised as a distinct colour form since its discovery (Allen 1981; Lundberg et al. 2000), with strong genetic divergence noted in mtDNA studies (Cook et al. 2012; Unmack et al. 2013) and now supported with nuclear genetic markers. Somewhat subtle morphological characters support the striking colour and genetic divergence, with diagnosis apparently masked by large within site/region variability. There appears to be regional variation in fin colour of this species, with the margin of the dorsal and anal fins, and to a lesser degree caudal and pelvic fins, ranging from white (e.g. Moa Island, Sigabaduru), through whiteorange (e.g. Skull Creek) to red (western Papua New Guinea) — this last colour form was first observed in captive fish in Australia in the 1990s and likely originated from Bensbach or Morehead where fish are known to have been collected and imported. The form with red fin margins could lead to confusion with M. maccullochi s.s. but the thick marginal band creating fin colour zones, black body stripes and silver grey base body colour allow ready identification (genetic examination with mtDNA genetic markers also indicated no major divergence of this colour form with other conspecific populations of M. sahulesnsis sp. nov.). Etymology: The new species is named sahulensis with reference to the Pleistocene-era continent Sahul which comprised the land masses of Australia and New Guinea connected under low sea-level and is reflected in the modern distribution of the species. It is also a tribute to the Australian and New Guinea Fishes Association (which maintains the journal Fishes of Sahul) that has done much to promote and document native fishes of the region, especially rainbowfishes., Published as part of Hammer, Michael P., Allen, Gerald R., Martin, Keith C., Adams, Mark & Unmack, Peter J., 2019, Two new species of dwarf rainbowfishes (Atheriniformes: Melanotaeniidae) from northern Australia and southern New Guinea, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 4701 (3) on pages 218-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4701.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3557999, {"references":["Ogilby, J. D. (1915) On some new or little-known Australian fishes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 3, 117 - 129.","Allen, G. R. (1981) The \" maccullochi species group \" of rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) with the description of Melanotaenia papuae, new species. Revue francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie, 8, 47 - 56.","Allen, G. R. & Cross, N. J. (1982) Rainbowfishes of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Angus and Robertson Publishers, Sydney, 141 pp.","Merrick, J. R. & Schmida, G. E. (1984) Australian Freshwater Fishes: Biology and Management. Griffith Press, Adelaide, 409 pp.","Leggett, R. & Merrick, J. R. (1987) Australian Native Fishes for Aquariums. JR Merrick Publications, Artarmon, New South Wales, 241 pp.","Allen, G. R. (1989) Freshwater Fishes of Australia. T. F. H. Publications, New Jersey, 240 pp.","Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allem, G. R. & Hanley, J. E. (1989) Zoological Catalouge of Australia. Voulume 7 Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 pp.","Allen, G. R. (1991) Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of New Guinea. Christensen Research Institute, Madang, 269 pp.","Allen, G. R. (1995) Rainbowfishes in Nature and the Aquarium. Tetra-Verlag, 179 pp.","Herbert, B. & Peeters, J. (1995) Freshwater Fishes of Far North Queensland. DPI Queensland, Brisbane, 74 pp.","Lundberg, J. G., Kottelat, M., Smith, G. R., Stiassny, M. L. J. & Gill, A. C. (2000) So many fishes, so little time: an overview of recent ichthyological discovery in continental waters. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 87, 26 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2666207","McGuigan, K., Zhu, D., Allen, G. R. & Moritz, C. (2000) Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of melanotaeniid fishes in Australia and New Guinea. Marine and Freshwater Research, 51, 713 - 723. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 99159","Unmack, P. J. (2001) Biogeography of Australian freshwater fishes. Journal of Biogeography, 28, 1053 - 1089.","Allen, G. R., Midgley, S. H. & Allen, M. (2002) Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 394 pp.","Hitchcock, G. (2002) Fish fauna of the Bensbach River, southwest Papua New Guinea. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 48, 119 - 122.","Johnson, J. (2003) Freshwater and upper estuarine fishes. In: Ryan, M. & Burwell, C. (Eds), Wildlfie of Tropical North Queensland. Queensland Museum, Brisbane, pp. 135 - 169.","Pusey, B., Kennard, M. & Arthington, A. (2004) Freshwater Fishes of North-Eastern Queensland. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, 684 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643092082","Allen, G. R., Cross, N. J., Bray, D. J. & Hoese, D. F. (2006) Melanotaeniidae. In: Beesley, P. L. & Wells, A. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Part II. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, pp. 689 - 695.","Allen, G. R., Storey, A. W. & Yarro, M. (2008) Freshwater Fishes of the Fly River Papua New Guinea. Ok Tedi Mining and Tropical Reef Research, Tabubil, 216 pp.","Tappin, A. R. (2010) Rainbowfishes: Their Care and Keeping in Captivity. Art Publications, Brisbane, 510 pp.","Cook, B. D., Unmack, P. J., Huey, J. A. & Hughes, J. M. (2012) Did common disjunct populations of freshwater fishes in northern Australia form from the same biogeographic events? Freshwater Science, 33, 263 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 674936","Hitchcock, G., Finn, M. A. & Burrows, D. W. J. (2012) Fishes from fresh and brackish waters of islands in the Torres Straight, far north Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 56, 13 - 24.","Unmack, P. J., Allen, G. R. & Johnson, J. B. (2013) Phylogeny and biogeography of rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) from Australia and New Guinea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 67, 15 - 27.","https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syu 017 Aland, G. (2014) Moa Island fish survey. Fishes of Sahul, 28, 812 - 817. Allen, G. R. (1980) A generic classification of the rainbowfishes (family Melanotaeniidae). Records of the Western Australian","Graf, J. A., Herder, F. & Hadiaty, R. K. (2015) A new species of rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae), Melanotaenia garylangei, from western New Guinea (Papua Province, Indonesia). Fishes of Sahul, Journal of the Australia New Guinea Fishes Association, 29, 870 - 881.","Schmida, G. (2015) Freshwater Fishes of Australia. Vol. 2. Nature-Shots, Lower Beechmont, Queensland, 182 pp.","Pusey, B. J., Burrows, D. W., Kennard, M. J., Perna, C. N., Unmack, P. J., Allsop, Q. & Hammer, M. P. (2017) Freshwater fishes of northern Australia. Zootaxa, 4253 (1), 1 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4253.1.1"]}

The ‘maccullochi species group’ of rainbowfishes are small and distinctly patterned freshwater fishes of streams and swamps, comprising around eight species. The species from which the group bears its name, Melanotaenia maccullochi Ogilby, 1915, has been thought to comprise three forms occurring in distinct geographic areas, and recent mitochondrial genetic data provides matching patterns of likely inter-specific divergence. Here we undertake a detailed investigation of the taxonomic status of M. maccullochi using a combined lines of evidence approach incorporating multiple nuclear genetic markers (55 allozyme loci), mitochondrial DNA sequence data (1141 bp cytochrome b) and morphology (examination of a suite of 38 morphometric and meristic characters). As all three datasets provide support for a three-way split, we accordingly describe two new species and redescribe M. maccullochi sensu stricto. McCulloch’s Rainbowfish M. maccullochi, a species with brown body stripes and red fins occurs in northeast Queensland and is redescribed based on 338 specimens, 13.1–53.0 mm SL. This species was one of the first rainbowfishes to become known in the aquarium hobby. A second form with darker stripes on a contrasting light white-grey body and with distinct sub-marginal black bands in the dorsal and anal fins, distributed across northern and eastern Cape York Peninsula, Torres Strait and southern central New Guinea, is described as Sahul Rainbowfish M. sahulensis sp. nov. based on 267 specimens, 13.4–48.4 mm SL. A diminutive and well geographically isolated form occurring below the escarpment of the Tabletop Range in Litchfield National Park, Northern Territory possessing a more prominent and purplish mid-lateral stripe, is described as the Little Rainbowfish Melanotaenia wilsoni sp. nov. based on 50 specimens, 19.3–33.3 mm SL. A combination of morphological characters is useful for separating the respective taxa with M. wilsoni sp. nov. the most distinctive, typically having fewer vertebrae, lateral scales, cheek scales, procurrent caudal rays and anal rays and proportionally a shorter maxilla and snout than either of the other two species. Useful characters for further separating M. sahulensis sp. nov. from M. maccullochi include slightly higher counts of vertebrae, lateral scales and anal rays and proportionally greater body depth, body width and pre-dorsal distance. Information on the known distribution, habitats and conservation status of the three species is summarised, with the Northern Territory species being a narrow-range endemic with specific environmental requirements.

Atheriniformes Atherinopsidae Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes) Corynosoma australe Profilicollis chasmagnathi Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes) Wolffhugelia matercula Odontesthes hatcheri (Eigenmann) Acanthocephalus tumescens Heterosentis heteracanthus Pomphorhynchus patagonicus Odontesthes nigricans (Richardson) Corynosoma australe Hypoechinorhynchus sp. Odontesthes smitti (Lahille) Corynosoma australe Hypoechinorhynchus sp. Notocheiridae Notocheirus hubbsi Clark Corynosoma australe Hypoechinorhynchus magellanicus, Published as part of Hern��ndez-Orts, Jes��s S., Kuchta, Roman, Semenas, Liliana, Crespo, Enrique A., Gonz��lez, Ra��l A. & Aznar, Francisco J., 2019, An annotated list of the Acanthocephala from Argentina, pp. 1-64 in Zootaxa 4663 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4663.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3772372

A detailed list of acanthocephalans from Argentina was generated based on 205 published records. The list includes 52 named and 35 undetermined species of Acanthocephala infecting 6 species of invertebrate (2 amphipods, 3 decapods and 1 insect) and 155 species of vertebrate (one cartilaginous fish, 95 bony fishes, 10 amphibians, 3 reptiles, 13 birds and 33 mammals) host species in the Argentinean territory. The present list contains information on the invertebrate and vertebrate host(s), site of infection, developmental stage and locality(ies) of the acanthocephalans listed and references. For some species of acanthocephalans, information about repositories of the type material, voucher specimens, and DNA sequences of individual taxa are also presented. Finally, a host-Acanthocephala list is also provided. The data compiled revealed considerable gaps in the knowledge of the diversity, taxonomy, distribution, and life cycles of the acanthocephalans from Argentina. Fil: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni". - Provincia de Río Negro. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni". Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni"; Argentina Fil: Kuchta, Roman. Biology Centre Of The Academy Of Sciences Of The Czech Republic. Institute Of Parasitology. Laboratory Of Fish Protistology; República Checa Fil: Semenas, Liliana. Lab de Parasitologã­a-inibioma (conicet); Argentina Fil: Crespo, Enrique Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: González, Raul Alberto Candido. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Aznar, Francisco J.. Universidad de Valencia; España

We investigated the intraspecific partitioning of food resources of the Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis in a tropical estuary. A total of 1,099 stomachs were analyzed, and the diet consisted mainly of Gastropoda, Ceratopogonidae larvae, Decapoda larvae, Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Hymenoptera and Brachyura. Ordination of the mean volumetric percentage contribution of preys indicated differences in the dietary compositions between sites and size classes. By SIMPER analysis, we detected high dissimilarity between size classes, suggesting ontogenetic niche shifts: the diet of the early juveniles was based in zooplankton, whereas adults consumed mainly benthic macroinvertebrates. These shifts were related to changes in feeding structures and foraging abilities that show a strong relationship with body size, and showed functional trade-offs in swimming capacity, and feeding strategies used to capture prey. Differences in the diet between size classes and habitat selection by Brazilian silverside are likely strategies to avoid intraspecific competition, clearly related to the abundance and accessibility of resources along the estuarine habitats. RESUMO Nós investigamos a partição intraespecífica de recursos alimentares do peixe-rei Atherinella brasiliensis em um estuário tropical. Um total de 1.099 estômagos foi analisado, e a dieta foi constituída principalmente de Gastropoda, Larva de Ceratopogonidae, Larva de Decapoda, Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Hymenoptera e Brachyura. A análise de ordenação da contribuição do volume das presas indicou diferenças na composição da dieta entre locais e classes de tamanho. Pela análise do SIMPER, nós detectamos alta dissimilaridade entre as classes de tamanho, sugerindo mudanças ontogenéticas: a dieta dos indivíduos menores foi baseada em zooplâncton, enquanto os maiores indivíduos consumiram principalmente macroinvertebrados bentônicos. Essas variações foram relacionadas com mudanças nas estruturas para captura do alimento e na habilidade de forrageamento que evidenciaram uma forte relação com o tamanho do corpo, e mostraram trade-offs funcionais na capacidade de natação e no modo de captura das presas. Diferenças na dieta entre as classes e a seleção de habitat pelo peixe-rei são estratégias para evitar a competição intraespecífica, claramente relacionada com a abundância e a acessibilidade dos recursos alimentares ao longo dos habitats estuarinos.

Atherinomorus lacunosus (Bloch & Schneider [ex Forster] 1801)—Hardyhead silverside Status at New Ireland. First recorded from Drei Inseln Harbour, New Hanover as Allanetta forskali by Munro (1958: 156). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1.—General distribution: Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian and Tuamotu islands, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia) and Rapa, recently immigrated into eastern Mediterranean through Suez Canal. Pelagic, schooling along sandy shorelines and reef margins, 0–39 m depth. Transitional water and marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Munro, I. S. R. (1958) The fishes of the New Guinea region. Fishery Bulletin, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby, 1, 97 - 369."]}

Hypoatherina temminckii (Bleeker 1854) —Samoan silverside Status at New Ireland. First recorded from Emirau Island, St. Mathias Group, by Kailola (1975: 65), based on KFRS material; reported from Drei Inseln Harbour, New Hanover as Hypoatherina uisila (non Jordan & Seale, 1906) by Munro (1958: 155). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 4.—General distribution: Red Sea and East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to southern China, south to northern Australia, 0–8 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Kailola, P. J. (1975) A catalogue of the fish reference collection at the Kanudi Fisheries Research Laboratory, Port Moresby. Department of Agriculture, Stock & Fisheries, Port Moresby, Research Bulletin, 16, 1 - 277.","Munro, I. S. R. (1958) The fishes of the New Guinea region. Fishery Bulletin, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby, 1, 97 - 369."]}

Atherinomorus endrachtensis (Quoy & Gaimard 1825) —Eendracht silverside Status at New Ireland. New record; previously misidentified from Drei Inseln Harbour, New Hanover as Pranesus pinguis vaigiensis (non Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) by Munro (1958: 157); reported from Steffen Strait and Kavieng, New Ireland as Pranesus pinguis [non Lacepède (ex Commerson, 1803] by Kailola (1975: 65). KFRS material. Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 2.—General distribution: Philippines and New Guinea east to Solomon Islands, south to northern Australia. Pelagic, schooling along sandy shorelines and reef margins, 0–4 m depth. Transitional water and marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Munro, I. S. R. (1958) The fishes of the New Guinea region. Fishery Bulletin, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby, 1, 97 - 369.","Kailola, P. J. (1975) A catalogue of the fish reference collection at the Kanudi Fisheries Research Laboratory, Port Moresby. Department of Agriculture, Stock & Fisheries, Port Moresby, Research Bulletin, 16, 1 - 277."]}

Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean, White, William T. (2019): Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records. Zootaxa 4588 (1): 1-360, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1

Phenacostethus smithi Myers 1928 Phenacostethus smithi: Authors' data (Sg. Kerian)., Published as part of Ng, Casey Keat Chuan, Lim, Teow Yeong, Ahmad, Amirrudin & Khaironizam, Md Zain, 2019, Provisional checklist of freshwater fish diversity and distribution in Perak, Malaysia, and some latest taxonomic concerns, pp. 515-545 in Zootaxa 4567 (3) on page 537, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4567.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2599047

This study investigates the published literature and incorporates our field data from 1997 to September 2018 to generate an inventory report of primary freshwater fishes for Perak State in Malaysia. We critically examined and enumerated 186 species from 2 classes, 16 orders, 43 families and 114 genera in 57 localities. A total of 173 fish species (91.4%) are native to Perak and 17 species (8.6%) are non-native. The provisional checklist presented herein is conservative and excludes doubtful inventory records that lack synthesis and traceability. We encountered seven taxonomic discrepancies and we also could not confidently identify eight species. These are explicitly discussed to inform future workers.

The current checklist provides for each species of the Red Sea its records in the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea main basin and its general distribution.This new checklist of Red Sea fishes enumerates 1207 species, representing 164 families. Of these, 797 species were recorded from the Gulf of Aqaba and 339 from the Gulf of Suez. The number of species from the Gulf of Suez is evidently lower than the actual number not including 27 Lessepsian (Red Sea) migrants to the Mediterranean that most likely occur in the Gulf. The current list includes 73 species that were newly described for science since the last checklist of 2010. The most specious Osteichthyes families are: Gobiidae (134 species), Labridae (66), Apogonidae (59), Serranidae (including Anthiadinae) (44), Blenniidae (42), Carangidae (38), Muraenidae (36), Pomacentridae (35), Syngnathidae (34), Scorpaenidae (24) and Lutjanidae (23). Among the families of Chondrichthyes, the most specious families are the Carcharhinidae (18 species) and Dasyatidae (11). The total number of endemic species in the Red Sea is 174 species, of these, 34 species are endemic to the Gulf of Aqaba and 8 to the Gulf of Suez.

CYPRINODONTIDAE Aphanius dispar (R��ppell 1829) Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846, as Cyprinodon moseas; Norman 1927, as Cyprinodon dispar). Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952). Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Martens 1867, as Lebias dispar), Sudan (Bamber 1915, as Cyprinodon dispar), Eritrea (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846, as Cyprinodon lunatus; Giglioli 1889, as Cyprinodon dispar), Saudi Arabia (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846, as Cyprinodon lunatus; Klausewitz 1967). General distribution: Red Sea basin, Mediterranean Sea basin., Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566, {"references":["Ruppell, W. P. E. S. (1828 - 1830) Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika. Fische des Rothen Meers. Heinrich Ludwig Bronner, Frankfurt am Main, 141 + 3 pp., 35 pls. [Part 1 (1828): pp. 1 - 26, pls. 1 - 6; Part 2 (1829), pp. 27 - 94, pls. 7 - 24; Part 3 (1830): pp. 95 - 141, pls. 25 - 35]","Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (1846) Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome dix-huitieme. Suite du livre dix-huitieme. Cyprinoides. Livre dix-neuvieme. Des Esoces ou Lucioides. Pitois-Levrault, Paris, xix + 2 + 505 + 2 pp., pls. 520 - 553. [Valenciennes authored volume.]","Norman, J. R. (1927) Zoological results of the Cambridge Expedition to the Suez Canal, 1924. Report on the fishes. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 22 (3), 12, 375 - 390.","Marshall, N. B. (1952) The \" Manihine \" expedition to the Gulf of Aqaba 1948 - 1949. IX. Fishes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 1 (8), 221 - 252.","Martens, E. von (1867) Verzeichniss der von Dr. E. Schweinfurth im Sommer 1864 auf seiner Reise am Rothen Meere gesammelten und nach Berlin eingesendeten zoologischen Gegenstande. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft zu Wien, 1866, 377 - 382.","Bamber, R. C. (1915) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., D. Sc., F. L. S. XXII. The Fishes. The Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 31 (210), 477 - 485, pl. 46.","Giglioli, E. H. (1889) Note intorno agli Animali Vertebrati raccolti dal Conte Augusto Boutourline e dal Dr. Leopoldo Trasversi ad Assab e nello Scioa negli anni 1884 - 87. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, (2) 6, 1 - 73."]}