7 results on '"Jackson, Paul J."'
Search Results
2. Fatal pneumonia among metalworkers due to inhalation exposure to Bacillus cereus Containing Bacillus anthracis toxin genes.
- Author
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Avashia SB, Riggins WS, Lindley C, Hoffmaster A, Drumgoole R, Nekomoto T, Jackson PJ, Hill KK, Williams K, Lehman L, Libal MC, Wilkins PP, Alexander J, Tvaryanas A, and Betz T
- Subjects
- Adult, Bacillus cereus genetics, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Inhalation Exposure, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Bacterial mortality, Antigens, Bacterial genetics, Bacillus anthracis genetics, Bacillus cereus pathogenicity, Bacterial Toxins genetics, Dust, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Pneumonia, Bacterial microbiology, Welding
- Abstract
Bacillus cereus pneumonia is unusual in nonimmunocompromised hosts. We describe fatal cases in 2 metalworkers and the associated investigation. Anthrax toxin genes were identified in B. cereus isolates from both patients using polymerase chain reaction. Finding anthrax toxin genes in non-Bacillus anthracis isolates has, to our knowledge, only been reported once previously.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Characterization of Bacillus cereus isolates associated with fatal pneumonias: strains are closely related to Bacillus anthracis and harbor B. anthracis virulence genes.
- Author
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Hoffmaster AR, Hill KK, Gee JE, Marston CK, De BK, Popovic T, Sue D, Wilkins PP, Avashia SB, Drumgoole R, Helma CH, Ticknor LO, Okinaka RT, and Jackson PJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Antigens, Bacterial genetics, Bacillus anthracis genetics, Bacillus anthracis pathogenicity, Bacterial Capsules genetics, Bacterial Toxins genetics, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Louisiana, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Plasmids, Texas, Virulence genetics, Bacillaceae Infections microbiology, Bacillus cereus classification, Bacillus cereus genetics, Bacillus cereus isolation & purification, Bacillus cereus pathogenicity, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Pneumonia, Bacterial microbiology
- Abstract
Bacillus cereus is ubiquitous in nature, and while most isolates appear to be harmless, some are associated with food-borne illnesses, periodontal diseases, and other more serious infections. In one such infection, B. cereus G9241 was identified as the causative agent of a severe pneumonia in a Louisiana welder in 1994. This isolate was found to harbor most of the B. anthracis virulence plasmid pXO1 (13). Here we report the characterization of two clinical and one environmental B. cereus isolate collected during an investigation of two fatal pneumonia cases in Texas metal workers. Molecular subtyping revealed that the two cases were not caused by the same strain. However, one of the three isolates was indistinguishable from B. cereus G9241. PCR analysis demonstrated that both clinical isolates contained B. anthracis pXO1 toxin genes. One clinical isolate and the environmental isolate collected from that victim's worksite contained the cap A, B, and C genes required for capsule biosynthesis in B. anthracis. Both clinical isolates expressed a capsule; however, neither was composed of poly-D-glutamic acid. Although most B. cereus isolates are not opportunistic pathogens and only a limited number cause food-borne illnesses, these results demonstrate that some B. cereus strains can cause severe and even fatal infections in patients who appear to be otherwise healthy.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Pathogenomic sequence analysis of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates closely related to Bacillus anthracis.
- Author
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Han CS, Xie G, Challacombe JF, Altherr MR, Bhotika SS, Brown N, Bruce D, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Chen J, Chertkov O, Cleland C, Dimitrijevic M, Doggett NA, Fawcett JJ, Glavina T, Goodwin LA, Green LD, Hill KK, Hitchcock P, Jackson PJ, Keim P, Kewalramani AR, Longmire J, Lucas S, Malfatti S, McMurry K, Meincke LJ, Misra M, Moseman BL, Mundt M, Munk AC, Okinaka RT, Parson-Quintana B, Reilly LP, Richardson P, Robinson DL, Rubin E, Saunders E, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Ticknor LO, Wills PL, Brettin TS, and Gilna P
- Subjects
- Amino Acids metabolism, Animals, Bacillus cereus pathogenicity, Bacillus cereus physiology, Bacterial Capsules biosynthesis, Bacterial Capsules genetics, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Evolution, Molecular, Humans, Spores, Bacterial growth & development, Virulence genetics, Bacillus anthracis genetics, Bacillus cereus genetics, Bacillus thuringiensis genetics, Genome, Bacterial, Sequence Analysis
- Abstract
Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis are closely related gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria of the B. cereus sensu lato group. While independently derived strains of B. anthracis reveal conspicuous sequence homogeneity, environmental isolates of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis exhibit extensive genetic diversity. Here we report the sequencing and comparative analysis of the genomes of two members of the B. cereus group, B. thuringiensis 97-27 subsp. konkukian serotype H34, isolated from a necrotic human wound, and B. cereus E33L, which was isolated from a swab of a zebra carcass in Namibia. These two strains, when analyzed by amplified fragment length polymorphism within a collection of over 300 of B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, and B. anthracis isolates, appear closely related to B. anthracis. The B. cereus E33L isolate appears to be the nearest relative to B. anthracis identified thus far. Whole-genome sequencing of B. thuringiensis 97-27and B. cereus E33L was undertaken to identify shared and unique genes among these isolates in comparison to the genomes of pathogenic strains B. anthracis Ames and B. cereus G9241 and nonpathogenic strains B. cereus ATCC 10987 and B. cereus ATCC 14579. Comparison of these genomes revealed differences in terms of virulence, metabolic competence, structural components, and regulatory mechanisms.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates.
- Author
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Hill KK, Ticknor LO, Okinaka RT, Asay M, Blair H, Bliss KA, Laker M, Pardington PE, Richardson AP, Tonks M, Beecher DJ, Kemp JD, Kolstø AB, Wong AC, Keim P, and Jackson PJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacillus anthracis genetics, Bacillus cereus genetics, Bacillus thuringiensis genetics, DNA Fingerprinting methods, DNA, Bacterial analysis, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI metabolism, Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific metabolism, Humans, Phylogeny, Serotyping, Bacillus anthracis classification, Bacillus cereus classification, Bacillus thuringiensis classification, Fluorescence, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Abstract
DNA from over 300 Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis isolates was analyzed by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). B. thuringiensis and B. cereus isolates were from diverse sources and locations, including soil, clinical isolates and food products causing diarrheal and emetic outbreaks, and type strains from the American Type Culture Collection, and over 200 B. thuringiensis isolates representing 36 serovars or subspecies were from the U.S. Department of Agriculture collection. Twenty-four diverse B. anthracis isolates were also included. Phylogenetic analysis of AFLP data revealed extensive diversity within B. thuringiensis and B. cereus compared to the monomorphic nature of B. anthracis. All of the B. anthracis strains were more closely related to each other than to any other Bacillus isolate, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains populated the entire tree. Ten distinct branches were defined, with many branches containing both B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates. A single branch contained all the B. anthracis isolates plus an unusual B. thuringiensis isolate that is pathogenic in mice. In contrast, B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (ATCC 33679) and other isolates used to prepare insecticides mapped distal to the B. anthracis isolates. The interspersion of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates within the phylogenetic tree suggests that phenotypic traits used to distinguish between these two species do not reflect the genomic content of the different isolates and that horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in establishing the phenotype of each of these microbes. B. thuringiensis isolates of a particular subspecies tended to cluster together.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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6. Genome differences that distinguish Bacillus anthracis from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis.
- Author
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Radnedge L, Agron PG, Hill KK, Jackson PJ, Ticknor LO, Keim P, and Andersen GL
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- Bacillus classification, Bacillus genetics, Bacillus anthracis pathogenicity, Base Sequence, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Bacterial isolation & purification, Genetic Variation, Nucleic Acid Hybridization methods, Phenotype, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Genetic, Species Specificity, Bacillus anthracis genetics, Bacillus cereus genetics, Bacillus thuringiensis genetics, Genome, Bacterial
- Abstract
The three species of the group 1 bacilli, Bacillus anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis, are genetically very closely related. All inhabit soil habitats but exhibit different phenotypes. B. anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax and is phylogenetically monomorphic, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are genetically more diverse. An amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis described here demonstrates genetic diversity among a collection of non-anthrax-causing Bacillus species, some of which show significant similarity to B. anthracis. Suppression subtractive hybridization was then used to characterize the genomic differences that distinguish three of the non-anthrax-causing bacilli from B. anthracis Ames. Ninety-three DNA sequences that were present in B. anthracis but absent from the non-anthrax-causing Bacillus genomes were isolated. Furthermore, 28 of these sequences were not found in a collection of 10 non-anthrax-causing Bacillus species but were present in all members of a representative collection of B. anthracis strains. These sequences map to distinct loci on the B. anthracis genome and can be assayed simultaneously in multiplex PCR assays for rapid and highly specific DNA-based detection of B. anthracis.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Norwegian...
- Author
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Ticknor, Lawrence O., Kolsto, Anne-Brit, Hill, Karen K., Keim, Paul, Laker, Miriam T., Tonks, Melinda, and Jackson, Paul J.
- Subjects
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BACILLUS cereus , *BACILLUS thuringiensis , *BACILLUS anthracis - Abstract
Examines Norwegian Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis soil isolates and Bacillus anthracis strains by using fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Genetic diversity among different Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis environmental isolates; Causal agent of anthrax; Three aspects to automated AFLP analysis.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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