Search

Leeonychiurus zijinensis sp. nov. Figs 1���9 Type material. Holotype, male; paratypes, 4 females and 1 males on slides, and about 20 individuals in alcohol, China: Jiangsu prov.: Nanjing: Zijinshan: Xiamafang Park, 04 July 2015, litter, Berlese extraction, Daoyuan Yu leg. (201507ZJSXMF). Diagnosis. Pso formula as 32/133/33343 dorsally and 11/000/01110 ventrally; parapseudocelli only visible on base of ventral tube; subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 1 pso each; PAO with 18���20 compound vesicles; Th. I tergum with 7���8+7���8 chaetae; Abd. IV tergum with unpaired axial chaetae m0 and p0; Th. I���III sterna with 0+0, 1+1, 1+1(2) chaetae between legs; upper valve with chaetae a0, 2a1, b0, 2b1, 2b2, c0, 2c1 and 2c2; anal spines as long as inner edge of hind unguis. Description. Body length: females 1.40���1.50 mm, males 1.10���1.24 mm; holotype 1.24 mm. Shape of body cylindrical with anal spines, Abd. III���IV more or less broadened (Fig. 1). Color in alcohol white. Pso formulae: 32/133/33343 dorsally and 11/000/01110 ventrally (Figs 1 & 6). Subcoxae 1 of legs I���III with 1 pso each. Parapseudocelli only visible on base of ventral tube. Pseudopore formulae as 0/011/11110 dorsally and 0/111/0001 m 0 ventrally (Figs 1 & 6). Head.Antennae short, 0.9 times as long as head. Length ratio of antennal segments I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.5: 1.5: 2.0. Subapical organite on Ant. IV with globular apex, invaginated apical bulb absent; basolateral ms above the second proximal row of chaetae; numerous S-chaetae present and clearly distinguished from ordinary chaetae. Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small rods, and 2 granulated sensory clubs (Fig. 2); lateral ms just behind sensory organ next to the basis of outer papilla. Ant. II with 16 chaetae. Ant. I with 9 chaetae. Antennal base well marked. PAO with 18���20 compound vesicles arranged in two rows along axis of organ (Fig. 3). Dorsal cephalic chaeta d0 present (Fig. 1). 4+4 p-chaetae between two inner posterior pso on head, p1 anteriorly to others (Fig. 1). Mandible and maxilla typical for the genus. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae 4/342 (Fig. 4). Labium with 6 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G, and f) and 6 basolateral (a, b, c, d, e, e���) chaetae (Fig. 7). Labial palp of AC type, labial papillae A���E with 1, 4, 0, 3 and 3 guard chaetae respectively. Postlabial chaetae 4+4 along ventral groove (Fig. 7). Body chaetotaxy. S-chaetae slightly distinguished from ordinary chaetae, formulae as 11/012/222120 dorsally and 2/000/00010 ventrally (Figs 1 & 6). Tiny and blunt ms present on Th. II and III dorso-laterally (Fig. 1). Th. I tergum with 7���8+7���8 chaetae. Th. II���III terga each with 3���4+3���4 chaetae, and Abd. I���III terga each with 3+3 chaetae along axial line. Abd. IV tergum with unpaired axial chaetae m0 and p0; Abd. V tergum with unpaired axial chaeta m0; Abd. VI tergum with a0 and m0 (Fig. 1). Th. I���III sterna with 0+0, 1+1, 1+1(2) chaetae between legs. Appendages. Subcoxae 1 of legs I���III with 4, 5 and 5 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 1, 4 and 4 chaetae respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I, II and III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 21 (11, 8, 2) and 21 (11, 8, 2) chaetae (Fig. 5). Unguis without teeth. Unguiculus slender and pointed, 0.6 times as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Fig. 5). Ventral tube with 6���7+6���7 distal, and without basal and anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to a finely granulated area with 4 dental chaetae in one row posterior to furcal rudiment; three manubrial rows of chaetae present (Fig. 8). Genital plate with 16���21 chaetae in females, 36���40 in males. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with following chaetae: each lateral valve with chaetae a0 and 2a1; upper valve with chaetae a0, 2a1, b0, 2b1, 2b2, c0, 2c1 and 2c2 (Fig. 9). Anal spines set on indistinct papillae, as long as inner edge of hind unguis. Derivatio nominis. Named for the mountain of the type locality. Discussion. The new species is similar to L. fusongensis Sun & Arbea, 2014 and L. mai (Wray, 1950) sensu Bernard (2015), as having the same dorsal pso formula (32/133/33343). However, they can be recognized easily by the pso formula on Abd. sterna II���IV (111 in the new species, 112 in L. fusongensis, and 001 in L. mai), unpaired axial chaetae m0 on Abd. tergum V (present in the new species, and absent in L. fusongensis and L. mai), and number of vesicles of PAO (18���20 in the new species, 13���16 in L. fusongensis, and 15 in L. mai)., Published as part of Zhang, Shaoqing, Sun, Xin & Wu, Donghui, 2020, A new species of the genus Leeonychiurus Sun & Arbea, 2014 (Collembola Onychiurinae, Onychiurini) from China, with a checklist of Chinese Onychiurini, pp. 137-143 in Zootaxa 4743 (1) on pages 138-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4743.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/3687592, {"references":["Sun, X. & Arbea, J. I. (2014) Leeonychiurus, a new genus from East Asia (Collembola: Onychiurini). Zootaxa, 3847 (1), 115 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3847.1.6","Wray, D. L. (1950) Some new Collembola from Utah and Idaho. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 45, 91 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1950 / 65134","Bernard, E. C. (2015) Redescription of Hypogastruridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola) described by David L. Wray. Zootaxa, 3918 (3), 301 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3918.3.1"]}

Zhang, Shaoqing, Sun, Xin, Wu, Donghui (2020): A new species of the genus Leeonychiurus Sun & Arbea, 2014 (Collembola Onychiurinae, Onychiurini) from China, with a checklist of Chinese Onychiurini. Zootaxa 4743 (1): 137-143, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4743.1.13

Protaphorura bicampata (Gisin, 1956) Figs 1���14 Onychiurus bicampata Gisin, 1956: 344 Material examined. 3 males on slides, China: Jiamusi city: Fujin county: Huasheng village (47 �� 16 ���N, 132 ��06���E), 0 7 August 2010, litter and soil under Populus davidiana Dode, Wu Donghui et al. leg (LD- 10-499); 1 female on slide, China: Heilongjiang province: Harbin city: Fangzheng county: Demoli (45 �� 52 ���N, 129 ��02���E), 0 6 August 2010, litter and soil, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-474); 1 female on slide, China: Heilongjiang province: Linjiang city (48 ��04���N, 133 �� 32 ���E), litter and soil under Betula costata Trautv., 9 August 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-483); 1 female on slide, China: Inner Mongolia: Hulunbuir: Genhe City (50 �� 44 ���N, 121 �� 30 ���E), 20 September 2013, soil in the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, Wu Donghui et al. leg.; 2 males on slides, China: Jilin province: Baishan City: Hunjiang (41 �� 55 ���N, 126 �� 22 ���E), 0 1 September 2009, litter and soil, Wu Donghui leg.; 1 female and 1 male on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Maoershan National Forest Park (45 �� 24 ���N, 127 �� 40 ���E), litter and soil in the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, 0 1 June 2013, Gao Meixiang leg. (GMX-MES- 2013). Remarks. We have described specimens of P. bicampata basing on the material from Heilongjiang (Honghe Farm and Xinqing national forest park) and Jilin (Manjiang) in 2013 (Sun et al. 2013 b). As more and more specimens being checked from northeast China, P. bicampata is found widespread in this area and its characters have some interspecific variations: psx present or absent on the subcoxa 1 of legs; the inner tooth on unguis present or absent and the anal spines shorter (about 0.6 times) or as long as inner edge of unguis. These variations were also found in Poland (Pomorski 1998), Eastern Europe and Tuva Republic (Kaprus���pers. comm.)., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Chang, Liang & Wu, Donghui, 2015, New species and new records of Protaphorura species from northeast China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 381-392 in Zootaxa 3920 (2) on page 382, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/238316, {"references":["Gisin, H. (1956) Nouvelles contributions au demembrement des especes d' Onychiurus (Collembola). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, 29, 329 - 352.","Sun, X., Zhang, B. & Wu, D. H. (2013 b) Two new species and one new country record of Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from northeast China. Zootaxa, 3693 (2), 207 - 220. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3693.2.7","Pomorski, R. J. (1998) Onychiurinae of Poland (Collembola: Onychiuridae). Genus, 9, 1 - 201."]}

Protaphorura kaszabi (Dunger, 1978) Onychiurus (Protaphorura) kaszabi Dunger, 1978: 14. Material examined. 4 females and 4 males on slides, China: Inner Mongolia: Hulunbuir: Genhe City (50 �� 44 ���N, 121 �� 30 ���E), 20 September 2013, soil in the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, Wu Donghui et al. leg. Remarks. Specimens from China answer to the original description., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Chang, Liang & Wu, Donghui, 2015, New species and new records of Protaphorura species from northeast China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 381-392 in Zootaxa 3920 (2) on page 387, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/238316, {"references":["Dunger, W. (1978) Poduromorphe Collembolen (Insecta, Collembola) aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik. I. Onychiuridae. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums Gorlitz, 52, 1 - 20."]}

Protaphorura genheensis sp. nov. Figs 15���27 Type material. Holotype female, 6 paratypes females and 5 paratypes males on slides. China: Inner Mongolia: Hulunbuir: Genhe City (50 �� 44 ���N, 121 �� 30 ���E), 20 September 2013, soil in the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, Wu Donghui et al. leg. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.60���1.75 mm in females, 1.30���1.40 mm in males; holotype 1.60 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33 /012/ 33342, ventrally: 10 /000/0000 (Figs 15, 20, 25); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 pso respectively (Fig. 15). Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 1 /000/ 111101m (Figs 20, 25); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 psx respectively (Fig. 15). Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 1111, ventrally: 0/ 111 /01m 1m 1m (Figs 15, 20, 25). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite; basolateral ms about 1 / 4 of segment length from base, above the second proximal row of chaetae (Fig. 19). Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and lateral ms (Fig. 17). Ant. I with 11 chaetae. Ant. II with 19 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation (Fig. 15). PAO composed of 24���32 simple vesicles (Fig. 18). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between postero-internal pso on head (Figs 15, 21). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 7 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e���) (Fig. 16); labial type A, papillae A���E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae (Fig. 16). Postlabial chaetae 5 + 5 along ventral groove (Fig. 25). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s very weakly marked. Th. II���III terga with ms laterally (Figs 15, 22). Th. I tergum with 11���14 chaetae (Fig. 15). Abd. I���III and V terga without s��� (Fig. 15). Abd. IV���V terga with several asymmetrical chaetae along the axial line, Abd. IV tergum with m0 axial chaeta, Abd. V tergum with m0 and p0 axial chaetae, Abd. VI tergum with m0 axial chaeta (Figs 15, 26). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V as 1.6���1.8, M/ AS as 2.8���3.2 (Figs 15, 26). Straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 parallel on Abd. VI tergum (Figs 15, 26). Th. I���III sterna with 1 + 1, 1 + 1, 2 + 2 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 9���10 + 9���10 distal chaetae and 2 (1)+ 2 (1) basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae������ 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below of fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Figs 20, 27). Female genital plate with 19���24 chaetae, male genital chaetae plate with 32���46 chaetae. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and 2 a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 20). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 5, 7 and 5 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 5 and 5 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I���III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 24 (11, 8, 5) and 23 (11, 8, 4) chaetae, respectively (Figs 23, 24). Unguis with inner tooth and lateral teeth. Unguiculus slender and pointed, as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Figs 23, 24). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, about 0.5���0.7 times as long as inner edge of unguis (Figs 15, 26). Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the name of the city where it was found. Remarks. P. genheensis sp. nov. belongs to the ���oligopseudocellar��� group as having fewer pso on Th. II���III (Gulgenova & Potapov, 2013). It mostly resembles to the two Palaearctic species, P. dzherga Gulgenova & Potapov, 2013 and P. jacutica Martynova, 1976, by the dorsal pso formula (33 /012/ 33342); but it can be recognized easily by the number of pso on the subcoxa 1 of legs as 1,1, 1 (0,0,0 in P. dzherga and P. jacutica), the ventral psx formula as 10 /000/ 111101m (00/000/ 11000 in P. dzherga and 10 /000/ 10000 in P. jacutica). It is also close to the species P. buryatica Gulgenova & Potapov, 2013 as having 1,1, 1 pso on the subcoxa 1 of legs; they can be distinguished by the number of pso on the posterior head (3 + 3 in the new species and 2 + 2 in P. buryatica) and the ventral psx formula (00/000/ 10010 in P. buryatica). It is similar to the individuals of Protaphorura taimyrica (Martynova, 1976) who have the dorsal pso formula as 33 /012/ 33342 (see the remarks of Chinese Protaphorura taimyrica below). But they can be separated easily by the ventral psx formula (1 /000/ 111101m in the new species and 1 /000/ 10 (1)0001m in Protaphorura taimyrica (according to Babenko & Kaprus��� 2014)). The main diagnostic characters of them are shown in Table 1., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Chang, Liang & Wu, Donghui, 2015, New species and new records of Protaphorura species from northeast China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 381-392 in Zootaxa 3920 (2) on pages 382-387, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/238316, {"references":["Gulgenova, A. & Potapov, M. (2013) New ' oligopseudocellar' Protaphorura species (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from East Palaearctic. Soil Organisms, 85 (3), 203 - 213.","Martynova, E. F. (1976) Species of genus Onychiurus Gervais, 1841 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the north and northeast of Asia. In: New Data on the Fauna of Siberia. Nauka, Novosibirsk, pp. 5 - 44. [in Russian]"]}

Protaphorura taimyrica (Martynova, 1976) Figs 28���44 Onychiurus (Protaphorura) taimyrica Martynova, 1976: 30 Material examined. 5 females and 11 males on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Maoershan National Forest Park (45 �� 24 ���N, 127 �� 40 ���E), litter and soil in the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, 0 1 June 2013, Gao Meixiang leg. (GMX-MES- 2013); 4 females and 2 males on slides, China: Jilin province: Changbai National Forest Park (42 ��07���N, 128 ��06���E, alt. ca 1710 m), litter in the coniferous forest, 28 May 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (CB- 12 -06, CB- 12 -07); 1 male on slide, China: Jilin province: Changbai National Forest Park (42 �� 40 ���N, 128 �� 11 ���E, alt. ca 760 m), litter in the broad leaved forest, 28 May 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (CB- 12-22); 1 female and 1 male on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Linjiang city (48 ��04���N, 133 �� 32 ���E), litter and soil under Betula costata Trautv., 9 August 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-483); 2 females on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Linjiang city (48 ��04���N, 133 �� 32 ���E), litter and soil under Populus davidiana Dode, 9 August 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-479); 3 females and 1 male on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Linjiang city (48 ��04���N, 133 �� 32 ���E), litter and soil under Quercus mongolica Fisch., 9 August 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-480); 1 female and 1 male on slides, China: Heilongjiang province: Huachuan city: Donghe country (47 ��07���N, 131 �� 25 ���E), litter and soil under Quercus mongolica Fisch., 7 August 2012, Wu Donghui et al. leg. (LD- 10-459). Description basing on Chinese specimens. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.70���1.95 mm in females, 1.55���1.65 mm in males; holotype 1.90 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33 /01��� 22 / 33342, ventrally: 10 /000/0 0 0 0 (Figs 28, 35, 44); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 pso respectively. Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 1 /000/ 100001m (Figs 35, 40); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 psx respectively. Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 1111, ventrally: 0/ 111 /01m 1m 1m (Figs 28, 35, 44). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite; basolateral ms about 1 / 4 of segment length from base, above the second proximal row of chaetae (Fig. 32). Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and a lateral ms (Fig. 30). Ant. I with 11 chaetae. Ant. II with 18 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation (Fig. 28). PAO composed of 27���31 simple vesicles (Figs 29, 36). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between postero-internal pso on head (Figs 28, 36). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 7 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e���) (Fig. 31); labial type A, papillae A���E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae (Fig. 31). Postlabial chaetae 5 + 5 along ventral groove, sometimes with asymmetrical chaetae (Fig. 37). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s very weakly marked. Th. II���III terga with ms laterally (Figs 28, 44). Th. I tergum with 11���14 chaetae (Fig. 28). Abd. I���III and V terga without s��� (Figs 28, 42). Abd. IV���V terga with several asymmetrical chaetae along the axial line, Abd. VI tergum with m0 axial chaeta (Figs 28, 38, 41). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V as 1.8��� 2, M/ AS as 2.8��� 3 (Figs 28, 38, 41). Straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 slightly convergent on Abd. VI tergum (Figs 28, 38, 41). Th. I���III sterna with 1 + 1, 1 + 1, 2 + 2 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 9 + 9 distal chaetae and 2 + 2 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae��� 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below of fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Figs 35, 39, 43). Female genital plate with 13���20 chaetae, male genital chaetae plate with 31���35 chaetae. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and 2 a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 40). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 5, 7 and 5 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 5 and 5 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I���III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 24 (11, 8, 5) and 23 (11, 8, 4) chaetae, respectively (Figs 33, 34). Unguis with inner tooth. Unguiculus slender and pointed, as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Figs 33, 34). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, about 0.6���0.7 times as long as inner edge of unguis (Figs 28, 38, 41). Remarks. Protaphorura taimyrica (Martynova, 1976) was redescribed basing on the type material and other material from Russia by Babenko and Kaprus��� (2014). The main morphological characters of the specimens from northeast China are in accordance with the redescription of Babenko and Kaprus���. In addition, there are variations in our material: some individuals have the dorsal pso formula as 33 /012/ 33342, but none of them show as 33 /022/ 33343; all of our specimens lack the psx on the Abd. II sternum as the specimens from Magadan Province (Babenko & Kaprus��� 2014); all of our specimens have 1 + 1 chaetae on the Th. II sternum (2 + 2 in Russian specimens); straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 slightly convergent (parallel in Russian specimens). Until now, in the genus Protaphorura, there are 10 known species which have the dorsal pso formula as 33 / 022/ 33342 (Bellinger et al. 1996���2014, Babenko & Kaprus��� 2014): P. taimyrica (Martynova, 1976) from Russia and China, P. spinoidea (Steiner, 1955) and P. paranemorata (Selga, 1962) from Spain, P. subnemorata (Gisin, 1957) from Austria, P. zori (Martynova, 1975) from Parmir Mountains, P. montana (Mateos et Arbea, 1986) and P. quercetana (Mateos et Arbea, 1986) from Spain, P. sensillata (Khanislamova, 1986) from Bashkiria, P. boedvarssoni Pomorski, 1993 and P. stogovi Pomorski, 1993 from the White Sea shore (Russia). The main diagnostic characters of them are shown in Table 1. The individuals of P. taimyrica who have the dorsal pso formula as 33 /012/ 33342 belong to the ���oligopseudocellar��� group, as the new species P. genheensis sp. nov. described above. The main differences among them refer to Table 2., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Chang, Liang & Wu, Donghui, 2015, New species and new records of Protaphorura species from northeast China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 381-392 in Zootaxa 3920 (2) on pages 388-392, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/238316, {"references":["Martynova, E. F. (1976) Species of genus Onychiurus Gervais, 1841 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the north and northeast of Asia. In: New Data on the Fauna of Siberia. Nauka, Novosibirsk, pp. 5 - 44. [in Russian]","Steiner, W. (1955) Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Collembolenfauna Spaniens. Eos, 31, 323 - 340.","Selga, D. (1962) Sobre algunos colembolos cavernicolas de Cataluna. Publicaciones del Instituto de Biologia Aplicada, 33, 43 - 49.","Gisin, H. (1957) Sur la faune europeenne des Collemboles I. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 64 (25), 475 - 496.","Martynova, E. F. & Chelnokov, V. G. (1975) Collembola of the East Pamirs. The f amilies Onychiuridae and Hypogastruridae. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 54 (3), 464 - 470. [in Russian]","Mateos, E. M. & Arbea, J. I. (1986) Dos nuevas especies de Protaphorura del grupo nemorata (Collembola, Onychiuridae) del macizo del Montseny (Barcelona). Actas VIII Jornadas, 281 - 290.","Khanislamova, G. M. (1986) New species of springtails of the genus Onychiurus (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the Ural Mountain piedmonts. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 65 (10), 1470 - 1478. [in Russian]","Pomorski, R. J. (1993) Two new species of Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 from north Karelia (Russia), with notes on the position of altered pseudocelli (psx) in the armatus - group (Collembola, Onychiuridae). Genus, 4 (2), 121 - 128."]}

Sun, Xin, Chang, Liang, Wu, Donghui (2015): New species and new records of Protaphorura species from northeast China (Collembola: Onychiuridae). Zootaxa 3920 (2): 381-392, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.9

Wu, Donghui, Bedos, Anne, Deharveng, Louis (2014): First record of the genus Koreanurina Najt and Weiner (Collembola: Neanuridae: Pseudachorutinae) from China, with description of two new species from Changbai mountain. Journal of Natural History 48 (41-42): 2579-2593, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.939727

Arphthicarus baculus sp. nov. (Figure 1) Diagnosis Surface of body covered with large foveolae; sigillar fields of prodorsum and posterior furrows well developed; one pair of lateral carinae present, nearly reaching sinus; sensilla long, narrow, swollen at the end and covered with small spines; interlamellar and notogastral setae long and robust, erect and obtuse distally, densely barbed in distal half; lamellar and rostral setae spiniform, short, rough and semi-erect; exobothridial short and fine; ss > in > ex>ro > le; setae ps 4 situated anterior to the level of setae ad 2; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present; h > h–h; setae g 6 situated anteriolateral to g 5; setae ad 2 situated at level of setae an 1; setae ad 3 smooth; ad 1 > ad 2 > an 1 = an 2 > ad 3; setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article. Material examined Holotype: adult (ZMCAS, in alcohol, W-93-20), China: Hunan Province, Yizhang County, Mangshan Mountains, Pingkeng (24°58 ʹ 43.18 ʺ N, 112°51 ʹ 3.50 ʺ E), from litter, 17 March 1991, leg. Fu-Sheng Huang. Paratype: one adult (ZMCAS, in alcohol, W-93-20), same data as holotype. Description Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 250, width 170, height 90, setae: ss 80, ro 16, le 10, in 72, ex 20; distance between setae: ro–ro 23, in–in 55, le–le 102; notogaster: length 464, width 319, height 290; setae: c 1 70, c 2 67, c 3 66, c p 61, d 1 62, d 2 55, e 1 75, e 2 59, h 1 77, h 2 65, h 3 58, ps 1 73, ps 2 65, ps 3 55, ps 4 50; distance between setae: c 1 – d 1 120, d 1 – e 1 145, e 1 – h 1 115, h 1 – ps 1 95; ventral region: ad 1 75, ad 2 70, ad 3 37, an 1 55, an 2 55; genitoaggenital plate 132 × 115, anoadanal plate 176 × 105. Paratype: Prodorsum: length 240, width 165, height 100; notogaster: length 448, width 305, height 275; genitoaggenital plate 125 × 110, anoadanal plate 188 × 105. Integument. Colour yellowish to brown. Surface of body covered with large foveolae. Prodorsum (Figure 1A–C). One pair of lateral carinae (ca) present, nearly reaching sinus; sigillar fields distinct, dorsal field narrow, longer than lateral fields; posterior furrows developed; sensilla (ss) long, narrow, swollen at the end and covered with small spines; interlamellar setae (in) bacilliform, long, robust, erect and obtuse distally, densely barbed in distal half; lamellar (le) and rostral (ro) setae spiniform, short, rough and semi-erect; rostral setae much thicker than lamellar setae; exobothridial setae (ex) short and fine; comparative length: ss > in > ex>ro > le. Notogaster (Figure 1A). Fifteen pairs of setae present, moderately long (c 1 < c 1 – d 1), similar shape to interlamellar setae, setae h 1 longest, setae ps 4 thinner and shortest; setae c 1–3 remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more remote than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 not observed; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Ventral region (Figure 1D, E). Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them. Nine pairs of genital setae (g) present, arranged with formula: 6(4 + 2): 3. Anoadanal plates each with five setae (ad and an), pointed distally, setae ad 1 and ad 2 rough, nearly straight, longer and thicker than other setae, setae ad 3 and anal setae slightly thinner and smooth; comparative length: ad 1 > ad 2 > an 1 = an 2 > ad 3. Legs (Figure 1F–I). Setal counts for leg segments (without tarsi): I: 1–4–2(2)–5(1); II: 1–3–2(1)–3(1), III: 2–2–1(1)–2(1), IV: 2–1–1–2(1); setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae a” on tarsi I and setae ft” on tarsi II curved distally; setae a” on tarsi II curved distally; setae s and pv’ on tarsi IV present; setae s on tarsi I and II absent. Etymology The new specific name ‘ baculus ’ is from Latin, and refers to the bacilliform shape of the notogastral setae. Remarks This new species is similar to Arphthicarus ineptus (Niedba&lstrok;a, 1984) from India in the presence of two pairs of lyrifissures and similar shape of lamellar, interlamellar and notogastral setae, but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: in A.baculus sp. nov., surface of body covered with large foveolae; sigillar fields of prodorsum and posterior furrows well developed; lateral carinae much longer, nearly reaching sinus; head of sensilla more inflated in dorsal view and more elongate in lateral view; interlamellar and rostral setae much shorter (in 72, ro 16), ss > in > ex>ro > le; rostral setae thicker and rough, shorter than exobothridial setae (ex 20); notogastral setae much shorter (e.g. c 1 70); setae g 6 situated anteriolateral to g 5; setae ad 2 situated at level of setae an 1; setae ad 3 smooth; setae a” on tarsi I and tarsi II present. In A.ineptus, surface of body covered with small foveolae; sigillar fields of prodorsum and posterior furrows indistinct; lateral carinae short, far from sinus; head of sensilla slightly inflated in dorsal view and shorter in lateral view; interlamellar and rostral setae much longer (in 123, ro 54.2), in > ss > ro>ex > le; rostral setae thin and smooth, much longer than exobothridial setae (ex 25.2); notogastral setae much longer (e.g. c 1 108); setae g 6 situated posteriolateral to g 5; setae ad 2 situated at level between setae an 1 and an 2; setae ad 3 covered with small spines; setae a” on tarsi I and tarsi II absent. This new species is also similar to Arphthicarus pachetos Niedba&lstrok;a, 2008 from Borneo by the presence of two pairs of lyrifissures, similar shape of sensilla, similar shape and length of interlamellar, lamellar and notogastral setae, but differs by following characters: in A.baculus sp. nov., posterior furrows of prodorsum developed; lateral carinae relatively short, not reaching sinus; dorsal sigillar field narrower than lateral ones; rostral setae much shorter (ro 16) and spiniform; ss > in > ex>ro > le; distance between rostral setae shorter (in–in/ro–ro = 2.39); setae ps 4 situated anterior to the level of setae ad 2; setae h of mentum not vestigial; setae ad 2 not distinctly longer than other setae of anoadanal plates; setae ad 2 situated at level of setae an 1; setae d on femora I situated much anterior to the level of setae v’. In A. pachetos, posterior furrows absent; lateral carinae very long, reaching the end of rostrum; dorsal sigillar field broader than lateral ones; rostral setae longer (ro 53) and setiform; in > ss > ro>le > ex; distance between rostral setae longer (in–in/ro–ro ps 4 situated at the level of setae ad 2; setae h of mentum vestigial; setae ad 2 distinctly longer than other setae of anoadanal plates; setae ad 2 situated at level between setae an 1 and an 2; setae d on femora I situated at the level of setae v’.

Arphthicarus spiniformis sp. nov. (Figure 2) Diagnosis Surface of body foveolate; lateral carinae and median carina absent; sigillar fields weakly visible; posterior furrows present; sensilla with long and narrow pedicel and rounded head; interlamellar and notogastral setae thick and semi-erect, covered with small spines in distal half; lamellar setae minute; rostral setae spiniform, short, smooth and semi-erect; exobothridial setae short and fine; ss > in > ro>le > ex; vestigial setae f 1 posterior to setae h 1; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present; h < h–h; setae g 6 situated slightly anteriolateral to g 4; setae ad 2 situated between setae an 1 and an 2, and far away from setae an 1; setae ad 3 smooth; ad 2 > ad 1 > an 1 = an 2 > ad 3; setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article. Material examined Holotype: adult (ZMCAS, in alcohol, N–17), China: Guangxi Province, Xing’ an County, Maoershan Mts. (25°52 ʹ 51.56 ʺ N, 110°29 ʹ 39.54 ʺ E), from moss, 1200 m, 14 July 1985, leg. Yun-Qi Cui. Paratypes: two adults (NIGA, in alcohol), China: Guangxi Province, Lipu County (24°29 ʹ 16.23 ʺ N, 110°23 ʹ 42.77 ʺ E), from litter, 22 October 2012, leg. Yong-Ming Wu. Description Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 187, width 135, height 82, setae: ss 45, ro 22, le 12, in 43, ex 4; distance between setae: ro–ro 16, in–in 53, le–le 86; notogaster: length 330, width 220, height 200; setae: c 1 46, c 2 43, c 3 43, c p 45, d 1 40, d 2 35, e 1 35, e 2 40, h 1 36, h 2 45, h 3 35, ps 1 40, ps 2 45, ps 3 41, ps 4 40; distance between setae: c 1 – d 1 75, d 1 – e 1 105, e 1 – h 1 77, h 1 – ps 1 60; ventral region: ad 1 50, ad 2 56, ad 3 30, an 1 31, an 2 31; genitoaggenital plate 136 × 90, anoadanal plate 151 × 120. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 175–180, width 130–135, height 80–85; notogaster: length 320–325, width 205–215, height 190–195. Integument. Colour yellowish. Surface of body foveolate. Prodorsum (Figure 2A–C). Lateral carinae and median carina absent; sigillar fields weakly visible; posterior furrows present; sensilla (ss) with long and narrow pedicel and rounded head; interlamellar setae (in) thick, semi-erect and pointed distally, covered with small spines in distal half; lamellar setae (le) minute and smooth; rostral setae (ro) spiniform, short, smooth and semi-erect, thicker than lamellar setae; exobothridial setae (ex) short and fine; comparative length: ss > in > ro>le > ex. Notogaster (Figure 2A). Fifteen pairs of setae present, short (c 1 < c 1 – d 1), similar shape to interlamellar setae, setae c 1 longest, setae d 2, e 2 and h 3 shortest; setae c 1–3 remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more remote than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 posterior to setae h 1; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Ventral region (Figure 2D, E). Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them. Nine pairs of genital setae (g) present, arranged with formula: 6(4 + 2): 3. Anoadanal plates each with five setae (ad and an), pointed distally, setae ad 1 and ad 2 rough, nearly straight, longer and thicker than other setae, setae ad 3 and anal setae slightly thinner and smooth; comparative length: ad 2 > ad 1 > an 1 = an 2 > ad 3. Legs (Figure 2F–I). Setal counts for leg segments (without tarsi): I: 1–4–2(2)–5(1); II: 1–3–2(1)–3(1), III: 2–2–1(1)–2(1), IV: 2–2–1–2(1); setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae a” on tarsi I and setae ft” on tarsi II curved distally; setae a” on tarsi II curved distally; setae s and pv’ on tarsi IV present; setae s on tarsi I and II absent; setae d on tibiae IV short. Etymology The new specific name ‘ spiniformis ’ is from Latin, and refers to the shape of rostral setae. Remarks This new species is similar to Arphthicarus evexus Niedba&lstrok;a, 2000 from Vietnam in the presence of posterior furrows on prodorsum, two pairs of lyrifissures present, vestigial setae f 1 posterior to setae h 1, similar shape of sensilla, short and fine lamellar setae, h < h–h, but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: in A.spiniformis sp. nov., lateral carinae absent; interlamellar setae much shorter (in 43), ss > in; rostral setae shorter (ro 22) and semi-erect; setae g 6 situated slightly anteriolateral to g 4; setae ad 2 shorter and straight, situated between setae an 1 and an 2, and far away from setae an 1; setae ad 3 smooth. In A.evexus lateral carinae distinct; interlamellar setae much longer (in 75.9), in > ss; rostral setae longer (ro 37.9), lying parallel to surface of prodorsum; setae g 6 situated at the level between g 4 and g 5, and closer to g 5; setae ad 2 longer and hooked, situated posteriolateral to setae an 1, and very close to setae an 1; setae ad 3 covered with small setae.

Protaphorura maoerensis sp. nov. Figs 14���26 Type material. Holotype female, 13 paratypes females and 7 paratypes male on slides. China: Heilongjiang province: Maoershan National Forest Park (45 �� 24 ���N, 127 �� 40 ���N), 0 1 June 2013, litter and soil, Gao Meixiang leg. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.75���2.05 mm in females, 1.75 mm in male; holotype 1.80 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 43 /022/ 33353, ventrally: 1 /000/00000 (Figs 14 & 20); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 0, 0 pso respectively. Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 1 /000/ 110000 (Fig. 20); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 psx respectively. Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 111100, ventrally: 0/ 111 /01m 1m 1m 0 0 (Figs 14 & 20). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite and basolateral ms about 1 / 5 of segment length from base (Fig. 18). Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and a lateral ms (Fig. 17). Ant. I with 11 chaetae. Ant. II with 17 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation. PAO composed of 40���42 simple vesicles (Fig. 15). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between postero-internal pso on head (Fig. 14). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 7 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e���) (Fig. 22); labial type A, papillae A���E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae (Fig. 16). Postlabial chaetae 5 + 5 along ventral groove (Fig. 22). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s very weakly marked. Th. II���III terga with ms laterally (Fig. 14). Th. I tergum with 12���14 chaetae (Fig. 14). Abd. I���III and V terga without s��� (Fig. 14). Abd. IV���V terga with several asymmetrical chaetae along the axial line, Abd. VI tergum with m0 axial chaeta (Figs 14 & 23). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V as 1.4���1.5 (Figs 21 & 23). Straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 subparallel on Abd. VI tergum (Fig. 14). Th. I���III sterna with 1 + 1, 2 + 2, 2 + 2 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 9 + 9 distal chaetae and 2 + 2 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae������ 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below of fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Fig. 25). Female genital plate with 15���28 chaetae, male genital chaetae plate with 40 chaetae. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and 2 a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 26). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 5���6, 6 ��� 7 and 6 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 5 and 5 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I���III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 24 (11, 8, 5) and 23 (11, 8, 4) chaetae, respectively (Figs 19 & 24). Unguis with inner denticle. Unguiculus slender and pointed, as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Figs 19 & 24). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, 0.6 times as long as inner edge of unguis. Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the mountain where it was found. Ecology. In the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest. Remarks. The new species shares the character, subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 0, 0 pso respectively, with the octopunctata- group species P. mongolica (Martynova, 1975) and P. sakatoi (Yosii, 1966). But they can be distinguished by the pso formula dorsally (43 /022/ 33353 in P. maoerensis sp. nov., 43 /022/ 33342 in P. mongolica, 43 /022/ 33343 in P. sakatoi). P. maoerensis sp. nov. has the same pso formula dorsally 43 /022/ 33353 with the species P. octopunctata (Tullberg, 1876), P. nutak (Yosii, 1972), P. eichhorni (Gisin, 1954), P. valsainensis (Ac��n, 1981) and P. merita Kaprus��� & Pomorski, 2008. They can be separated by the combined characters in Table 2. * The characters of P. octopunctata and P. nu t a k according to Kaprus��� and Pomorski (2008); the characters of P. eichhorni according to Weiner and Stomp (1995)., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Wu, Donghui & Gao, Meixiang, 2013, Description of the octopunctata - group species of Protaphorura from China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 363-371 in Zootaxa 3710 (4) on pages 367-370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3710.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/221809

Protaphorura minima sp. nov. Figs 35–46 Type material. Holotype female, 16 paratype females and 6 paratype males on slides, China: Heilongjiang: Tongjiang: Honghe (47 ° 35 ’ N, 133 ° 31 ’ E), 27 Aug. 2010, litter and soil, Wu Donghui et al. leg. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.0–1.35 mm in females, 0.9–1.0 mm in males; holotype 1.0 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33 /012/ 33332, absent ventrally (Figs 35 & 37); subcoxa 1 of legs without pso. Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 00/000/ 100000; subcoxa 1 of legs without psx. Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 111100, ventrally: 00/ 111 /00xx00 (Figs 35, 37 & 40). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite and basolateral ms about 1 / 3 of segment length from base. Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and a lateral ms. Ant. I with 11 chaetae. Ant. II with 17 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation. PAO composed of 21–26 simple vesicles (Fig. 36). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between posterior a-pso on head (Fig. 35). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 6 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e’) (Fig. 37); labial type A, papillae A–E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae. Postlabial chaetae 5 (4)+ 5 along ventral groove (Fig. 37). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s well differentiated dorsally, formula 11 /011/ 222120; weakly marked ventrally (Figs 35 & 37). Th. II–III terga with microsensilla laterally. Th. I tergum with 7–9 chaetae (chaetotaxy type - 2 - or - 1 -) (Figs 35, 38 & 39). Abd. I–III and V terga without s’ (Figs 35 & 43). Abd. IV tergum without axial chaeta, Abd. V tergum with p0 axial chaeta, Abd. VI tergum with m0 axial chaeta (Fig. 35). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V 3.0–3.2 (Fig. 44). Straight lines passing through bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 parallel on Abd. VI tergum (Fig. 35). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, 0.4 times as long as inner edge of unguis. Th. I–III sterna with 1 + 1, 1 + 1, 1 + 1 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 8–9 + 8–9 distal chaetae and 1 + 1 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae–– 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Fig. 40). Female genital plate with 14–20 chaetae (Fig. 41), male genital plate with 30–34 chaetae (Fig. 42). Male ventral organ present on Abd. VI sternum, bearing two brush-shaped chaetae on each anal valve (Fig. 45). Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 46). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I–III with 4, 4 and 4 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 4 and 4 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I–III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 21 (11, 8, 2) and 23 (11, 8, 4) chaetae, respectively. Unguis with small inner denticle. Unguiculus slender and pointed, 1.2 times as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella. Etymology. The name of the new species refers to its small body size. Ecology. Found under a pine tree in the Sanjiang Experimental Station of Wetland Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Remarks. The new species is particular in having the male ventral organ on Abd. VI sternum (two brushshaped chaetae on each anal valve). Among other species of the genus Protaphorura, P. ajudagi, P. christiani Pomorski, Leithner & Bruckner, 2003, P. januarii (Weiner, 1977), P. kopetdagi Pomorski, 1994, P. s t i r i a c a (Stach, 1946) and P. stogovi Pomorski, 1993 also have the male ventral organ, but they can be easily separated by the combined characters in Table 1. The new species resembles P. bicampata in having three pso on dorsal head posteriorly, three pso on Abd. IV tergum, two pso on Abd. V tergum and in lacking pso on subcoxa 1 of legs, but it differs P. bicampata in having 1 + 1 pso on Th. II tergum (2 + 2 in P. bicampata), 23–26 vesicles on PAO (29–40 in P. bicampata), 6 proximal chaetae on labium (7 in P. bicampata), s-chaetae well differentiated dorsally (weakly marked in in P. bicampata), 8–9 chaetae on Th. I tergum (13–14 in P. bicampata), the ratio M/sp on Abd. V 3.0–3.2 (1.4–1.6 in P. bicampata), the straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 parallel on Abd. VI tergum (convergent in P. bicampata), male ventral organ present on Abd. VI sternum (absent in P. bicampata), psx absent on Abd. II–IV sterna (present in P. bicampata), s’ absent on Abd. I–III and V (present in P. bicampata), and in lacking the axial chaeta on Abd. IV tergum (present in P. bicampata).

Protaphorura changbaiensis sp. nov. Figs 19���24, 26��� 29 Type material. Holotype female, 7 paratype females and 10 paratype males on slide, China: Jilin: Baishan: Fusong: near Changbai National Forest Park (alt. ca 750 m, 42 �� 24 ��� N, 128 ��06��� E), 10 July 2012, soil, Liu Dong et al. leg. Other material. 5 females and 9 males on slide, China: Jilin: Baishan: Fusong: Manjiang (alt. 850m, 41 �� 57 ��� N, 127 �� 34 ��� E), 0 1 Sept. 2009, soil, Wu Donghui leg. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.45���1.80 mm in females, 1.30���1.55 mm in males; holotype 1.66 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 32 /012/ 33232, ventrally: 1 (0)0/000/00000 (Figs 19, 24 & 28); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 0, 0 pso respectively. Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 00/000/ 100000 (Fig. 24); subcoxa 1 of legs without psx. Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 111100, ventrally: 00/ 111 /0xxx00 (Figs 19, 24 & 28). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite and basolateral ms about 1 / 5 of segment length from base (Fig. 22). Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and a lateral ms (Fig. 21). Ant. I with 11 chaetae. Ant. II with 17 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation. PAO composed of 28���34 simple vesicles (Fig. 20). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between posterior a-pso on head (Fig. 19). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 7 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e���) (Fig. 28); labial type A, papillae A���E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae. Postlabial chaetae 5 + 5 along ventral groove (Fig. 28). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s very weakly marked. Th. II���III terga with microsensilla laterally (Fig. 19). Th. I tergum with 10���11 chaetae (chaetotaxy type i 3 -) (Fig. 19). Abd. I���III and V terga without s��� (Fig. 26). Abd. IV tergum without axial chaeta, Abd. V tergum with p0 axial chaeta, Abd. VI tergum with (rarely without) m0 axial chaeta (Fig. 19). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V as 1.8���2.0 (Fig. 27). Straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 parallel on Abd. VI tergum (Fig. 19). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, 0.5 times as long as inner edge of unguis. Th. I���III sterna with 1 + 1, 1 + 1, 2 + 2 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 9 + 9 distal chaetae and 2 + 2 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae (Fig. 24). Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae������ 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below of fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Fig. 29). Female genital plate with 14���22 chaetae, male genital chaetae plate with 40���44 chaetae. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and 2 a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 24). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 5, 5���6 and 5 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 5 and 5 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I���III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 23 (11, 8, 4) and 23 (11, 8, 4) chaetae, respectively. Unguis with small inner denticle. Unguiculus slender and pointed, 1.2 times as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Fig. 23). Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the mountain range where it was found. Ecology. Found in mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest. Remarks. The new species shares the same pso formula of Abd. I���V terga (33232) as the Crimean species P. ajudagi Pomorski, Skar&zdot;y&nacute;ski & Kaprus���, 1998 and the Mongolian species P. microcellata Dunger, 1978. The new species can be distinguished from P. ajudagi by the absence of a-pso on Th. II tergum (present in P. ajudagi), the pso formula ventrally (1 (0)0/000/00000 in the new species, 11 /000/0001(0)0 in P. ajudagi), the shape of sensory clubs on Ant. III sensory organ (granulated in the new species, smooth in P. ajudagi), the absence of axial chaetae m0 on Abd. IV and V (present in P. ajudagi), the presence of chaetae on Th. I���III sterna (absent in P. ajudagi) and by absence of the male ventral organ (present in P. ajudagi). The new species differs from P. microcellata by absence of a-pso on Th. II tergum (present in P. microcellata), the presence of pso on subcoxa 1 of leg I (absent in P. microcellata), the ratio of unguiculus/unguis (about 1.2 in the new species, about 0.8 in P. microcellata) and the ratio of M/sp on Abd. V tergum (1.8���2.0 in the new species, about 5.0���6.0 in P. microcellata)., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Zhang, Bing & Wu, Donghui, 2013, Two new species and one new country record of Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from northeast China, pp. 207-220 in Zootaxa 3673 (2) on pages 211-215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/219811

Protaphorura nutak (Yosii, 1972) Onychiurus (Protaphorura) longisensillatus nutak Yosii, 1972: 86. Material examined. 2 female and 2 male on slide, China: Heilongjiang province: Maoershan National Forest Park (45 �� 24 ���N, 127 �� 40 ���N), 0 1 June 2013, litter and soil, Gao Meixiang leg.; 2 females on slide, China: Heilongjiang province: Shuangyashan city: Raohe county (46 �� 34 ���N, 133 �� 40 ���N), 18 Sep. 2011, litter and soil, Wu Haitao and Song Lihong leg., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Wu, Donghui & Gao, Meixiang, 2013, Description of the octopunctata - group species of Protaphorura from China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 363-371 in Zootaxa 3710 (4) on page 370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3710.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/221809

Protaphorura jiamusiensis sp. nov. Figs 1���13 Type material. Holotype female, 15 paratypes females and 3 paratypes males on slides. China: Heilongjiang: Jiamusi (46 �� 51 ��� N, 130 �� 29 ��� E), 0 7 Aug. 2010, litter and soil, Wu Donghui et al. leg. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 1.25���1.40 mm in females, 1.05���1.15 mm in males; holotype 1.40 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 43 /023/ 33353, ventrally: 1 /000/00000 (Figs 1 & 7); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1,1, 1 pso respectively. Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 1 /000/ 111101m (Fig. 7); subcoxa 1 of legs with 1, 1, 1 psx respectively. Pseudopores formula dorsally: 00/011/ 111100, ventrally: 0/ 111 /01m 1m 1m 0 0 (Figs 1 & 7). Head. Antennae nearly as long as head. Ant. IV with a subapical organite and basolateral ms about 1 / 4 of segment length from base (Fig. 5). Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and a lateral ms (Fig. 4). Ant. I with 10���11 chaetae. Ant. II with 15���17 chaetae. Antennal bases with distinct granulation. PAO composed of 16���22 simple vesicles (Fig. 2). 4 + 4 p-chaetae between postero-internal pso on head (Fig. 1). Mandible with strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs. Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342. Labium with 6 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G and f) and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e, e���) (Fig. 8); labial type A, papillae A���E respectively with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae (Fig. 3). Postlabial chaetae 5 (6)+ 5 along ventral groove (Fig. 8). Body chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy usually with some asymmetry, well differentiated into macro-, meso- and microchaetae. Chaetae s very weakly marked. Th. II���III terga with ms laterally (Fig. 1). Th. I tergum with 9���12 chaetae (Figs 1 & 10). Abd. I���III and V terga without s��� (Fig. 1). Abd. IV tergum with m0 axial chaeta, Abd. V tergum with m0 and p0 axial chaeta, Abd. VI tergum with m0 axial chaeta (Figs 1 & 11). Ratio M/sp on Abd. V as 1.3���1.4 (Fig. 11). Straight lines passing through the bases of chaetae a 1 and m 1 subparallel on Abd. VI tergum (Fig. 11). Th. I���III sterna with 1 + 1, 2 + 2, 2 + 2 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 8���11 + 8���11 distal chaetae and 2 + 2 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae. Furca reduced to cuticular pocket with 2 + 2 dental chaetae������ 1 + 1 chaetae located on a cuticular fold, remaining 1 + 1 chaetae located distinctly below of fold; three manubrial rows of chaetae present posteriorly to dental chaetae (Fig. 9). Female genital plate with 12���19 chaetae, male genital chaetae plate with 26���35 chaetae. Male ventral organ absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a 0, 2a1 and 2 a 2; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2a1, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 12). Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 4���5, 6 ��� 7 and 5���6 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 5 and 5���6 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I���III with 22 (11, 8, 3), 20 (11, 8, 1) and 22���23 (11, 8, 3���4) chaetae, respectively. Unguis with or without small inner denticle (Figs 6 & 13). Unguiculus slender and pointed, as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Figs 6 & 13). Anal spines set on distinct papillae, 0.9 times as long as inner edge of unguis. Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the city where it was found. Ecology. Found under the willows along the road. Remarks. The new species is similar to the littoral species P. macfadyeni (Gisin, 1953) as having the pso formula dorsally 43 /023/ 33353 (one form of the dorsal pso formula in P. macfadyeni), one pso on each subcoxae 1 and the psx formula ventrally 1 /000/ 111101m. But they can be separated by the number of pso on Abd. I���III terga (stable in P. jiamusiensis sp. nov. and variable in P. macfadyeni), the number of vesicles on PAO (16���22 in P. jiamusiensis sp. nov. and 26���30 in P. macfadyeni), the number of chaetae on Th. I tergum (9���12 in P. jiamusiensis sp. nov. and 15���16 in P. macfadyeni), the ratio of M/sp on Abd. V tergum (1.3���1.4 in P. jiamusiensis sp. nov. and 2.1 in P. macfadyeni) and the chaetae on Th. I���III sterna between legs (1 + 1, 2 + 2, 2 + 2 in P. jiamusiensis sp. nov. and 0+ 0, 2 + 2, 3 + 3 in P. macfadyeni). The new species comparing with the Siberian species P. elenae Kaprus��� & Pomorski, 2008, P. licheniphila Kaprus��� & Pomorski, 2008, P. merita Kaprus��� & Pomorski, 2008 and P. nazarovensis Kaprus��� & Pomorski, 2008 are shown in Table 1., Published as part of Sun, Xin, Wu, Donghui & Gao, Meixiang, 2013, Description of the octopunctata - group species of Protaphorura from China (Collembola: Onychiuridae), pp. 363-371 in Zootaxa 3710 (4) on pages 364-367, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3710.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/221809

Sun, Xin, Zhang, Bing, Wu, Donghui (2013): Two new species and one new country record of Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from northeast China. Zootaxa 3673 (2): 207-220, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.7

Sun, Xin, Wu, Donghui, Gao, Meixiang (2013): Description of the octopunctata - group species of Protaphorura from China (Collembola: Onychiuridae). Zootaxa 3710 (4): 363-371, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3710.4.5

Suctobelbella triangulata sp. nov. (Figs. 1 - 9) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, LD- 10-270), China: Heilongjiang Province, Shuangyashan City, Baoqing County, Bawusan Farm (46 ° 30 ' 30.76 "N, 133 ° 15 '18.00"E), from litter, 142 m a.s.l., 16 Aug., 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. Paratypes: 2 adults (in alcohol, LD- 10-277), same data as holotype, from litter under poplar tree; 4 adults (in alcohol, LD- 10-199), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name “ triangulata ” is from Latin and refers to the shape of lamellar knob. Measurements: Holotype: length of body: 280, width of body: 155, length of prodorsum: 115, width of prodorsum: 102. Surface of prodorsum covered with many tubercles except tectopedial fields smooth; rostral apex medially concaved with a long, slender and acute tooth bilaterally (directed downwards, not projecting distinctly beyond rostral apex in dorsal view), followed by two large rostral teeth: 1 st one thick and slightly rounded, 2 nd one smaller, slender and acute; tectopedial fields elongate oval in shape, with irregular inner margin and opened anterior margin; lamellar knob developed and triangular in shape; interbothridial fields and bothridial lobes distinct; sensilla with long stalk and short spindle-shaped head; the head pointed at tip, with bristles densely on outer edge; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated on the basalin the basal half; lamellar setae thin and medium long, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles large and triangular, co.nl slightly smaller, connected with co.nm basally; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, smooth, long setiform and gently curved; all setae nearly same length except for h 1, p 1, p 2 which are short; setae c far from the posterior margin of co.nl; setae la inserted at the level between c and lm, more close to setae c; setae lm not reaching the insertion of setae lp. Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity indistinct; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3 - 1 - 2 - 3; six pairs of genital setae present, g 1 longer than the rest setae, setae g 5 and g 6 situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae g 1 to g 4 converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae ad 1 inserted at the level between setae an 1 and an 2; lyrifissures iad paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: ag - ag > ad 2 - ad 2 > ad 3 - ad 3 ≈ ad 1 - ad 1. Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1 - 4 - 2 (1)- 4 (2)- 18 (2); II: 1 - 4 - 1 (1)- 4 (1)- 14 (2), III: 2 - 3 - 1 (1)- 2 (1)- 14, IV: 1 - 2 - 1 - 2 (1)- 9; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to Suctobelbella prominens (Moritz, 1966) in the presence of similar shape of closely adjacent rostral teeth, spindle-shaped ciliated sensilla, and similar size of the body and notogastral setae, but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: only two rostral teeth present; lamellar knob triangular in shape; rostrum slightly narrower; the head of sensilla without terminal spine; tectopedial fields opened anteriorly; co.nl large, connected with co.nm basally.

Suctobelbella obtusa sp. nov. (Figs. 10 - 16) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, LD- 10-86), China: Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi City, Tongjiang County, Honghe Nature Reserve (47 �� 47 ' 37.24 "N, 133 �� 41 ' 9.92 "E), from litter under Quercus mongolica, 25 m a.s.l., 26 Aug., 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. Paratypes: 5 adults (in alcohol, LD- 10-83), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� obtusa ��� is from Latin and refers to the obtuse tip of notogastral condyles. Measurements: Holotype: length of body: 236, width of body: 125, length of prodorsum: 95, width of prodorsum: 76. Surface of prodorsum covered with many tubercles except tectopedial fields smooth; rostral apex widely rounded and concave dorsally, followed by one pair of large and rounded rostral teeth; tectopedial fields with irregular inner margin, elongate oval in shape and acute anteriorly; lamellar knob comparatively large, rather rounded, but narrow and truncate anteriorly; interbothridial fields long and ribbon-like, connected with lamellar knob; bothridial lobes distinct; sensilla with thick stalk and spindle-shaped head; the head sharply pointed at tip as spine, with bristles densely on outer edge; head and stalk nearly of same length; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated on the basalin the basal half; lamellar setae medium long and thin, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles conspicuously large with obtuse tips, co.nl slightly slender, connected with co.nm; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, smooth, long setiform and gently curved; all setae nearly same length except for h 1, p 1, p 2 which are short; setae c reach the posterior margin of co.nl; setae la inserted at the level between c and lm; setae lm not reaching the insertion of setae lp. Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity observed; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3 ��� 1 - 2 - 3; six pairs of genital setae present, g 1 longer than the rest setae, setae g 5 and g 6 situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae g 1 to g 4 converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae ad 1 inserted at the level between setae an 1 and an 2; lyrifissures iad paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: ag - ag > ad 2 - ad 2 > ad 3 - ad 3 ��� ad 1 - ad 1. Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1���4 - 2 (1)- 4 (2)- 19 (2); II: 1 - 4 - 2 (1)- 4 (1)- 14 (2), III: 2 - 3 - 1 (1)- 2 (1)- 14, IV: 1 - 2 - 1 - 3 (1)- 10; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is primarily characterized by the widely and dorsally concave rostral apex, with one pair of rounded rostral teeth. It is also well characterized by the shape of lamellar knob and ribbon-like interbothridial fields, conspicuously large and connected notogastral condyles. These and some other characteristics are unique in the genus Suctobelbella., Published as part of Liu, Dong & Wu, Donghui, 2013, Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, pp. 131-138 in Zootaxa 3637 (2) on pages 132-135, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/219568

Key to species of Suctobelbella reported from China 1 Head of sensilla slender................................................................................. 2 - Head of sensilla obviously dilated, flat, disk-, ellipse- or spindle-shaped.......................................... 3 2 Rostrum with three pairs of lateral teeth; head of sensilla terminates as a thin thread.......... S. elegantula (Hammer, 1958) - Rostrum with one pair of lateral teeth; head of sensilla not terminates as a thin thread............. S. sanjiangensis sp. nov. 3 Head of sensilla flat, disk-, or ellipse-shaped................................................................ 4 - Head of sensilla spindle-shaped.......................................................................... 5 4 Rostrum with two rostral teeth at each side; setae c thick and barbed at distal half................... S. sinica Wen, 1997 - Rostrum with three rostral teeth at each side; setae c short and thin...................... S. variosetosa (Hammer, 1961) 5 Notogastral setae leaf-shaped............................................... S. frondosa Aoki & Fukuyama, 1976 - Notogastral setae setiform............................................................................... 6 6 Rostrum with acute apex.......................................................... S. conica Zhao & Wen, 1993 - Rostrum with medially concave or rounded apex............................................................. 7 7 Rostral apex medially concave........................................................................... 8 - Rostral apex rounded.................................................................................. 10 8 Head of sensilla smooth......................................................... S. singularis (Strenzke, 1950) - Head of sensilla ciliated................................................................................ 9 9 Rostrum with one rostral tooth at each side; tectopedial fields narrow and closed anteriorly.............. S. obtusa sp. nov. - Rostrum with two rostral teeth at each side; tectopedial fields broad and opened anteriorly........... S. triangulata sp. nov. 10 co.nl separated from co.nm basally; posterior margin of co.nl nearly reaches the insertion of setae c................................................................................................ S. dispersosetosa Hammer, 1979 - co.nl connected with co.nm basally; posterior margin of co.nl far from the insertion of setae c.......... S. laiae Tseng, 1982, Published as part of Liu, Dong & Wu, Donghui, 2013, Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, pp. 131-138 in Zootaxa 3637 (2) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/219568, {"references":["Hammer, M. (1958) Investigations on the oribatid fauna of the Andes Moutains. I. The Argentine and Bolivia. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter, 10 (1), 1 - 129.","Wen, Z. G. (1997) Two new species of Suctobelbid mites from China (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae). Journal of Norman Bethune University of Medical Science, 23 (2), 125 - 127. [In Chinese]","Hammer, M. (1961) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of the Andes Mountains. II. Peru. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter, 13 (1), 1 - 157.","Aoki, J. & Fukuyama, K. (1976) A peculiar new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari, Oribatida) from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 49 (3), 209 - 212.","Zhao, J. & Wen, Z. G. (1993) Two new species of oribatid mites from Jilin Province, China. Journal of Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences, 19 (1), 45 - 47. [In Chinese]","Strenzke, K. (1950) Die norddeutschen Arten der Oribatiden-Gattung Suctobelba. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 147, 147 - 165.","Hammer, M. (1979) Investigations on the oribatid fauna of Java. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter, 22 (9), 1 - 79.","Tseng, Y. H. (1982) Taxonomical study of oribatid mites from Taiwan (Acarina: Astigmata) (I). Chinese Journal of Entomology, 2 (1), 53 - 106."]}

Suctobelbella sanjiangensis sp. nov. (Figs. 17 - 23) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, LD- 10-124), China: Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi City, Fuyuan County (48 �� 21 ' 41.52 "N, 134 �� 17 ' 10.52 "E), from litter under Betula platyphylla, 87 m a.s.l., 10 Aug., 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. Paratypes: 6 adults (in alcohol, LD- 10-137), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� sanjiangensis ��� refers to the type locality, Sanjiang Plain. Measurements: Holotype: length of body: 195, width of body: 102, length of prodorsum: 80, width of prodorsum: 72. Rostral apex smooth and rounded; one pair of large and acute rostral teeth present; tectopedial fields with irregular inner margin, oval in shape and closed anteriorly; lamellar knob comparatively large and triangular in shape; interbothridial fields arcuate and bothridial lobes distinct; head of sensilla long and slender, with many bristles on outer margin; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated in the basal half; lamellar setae medium long and thin, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles small and triangular, co.nl smaller, separated from co.nm; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, short, rigid and smooth; all setae nearly same length; setae c close to the posterior margin of co.nl; notogastral setae thin, straight, short (at least twice shorter than the distance to the next row), setae la inserted nearly at the level lm, far from setae c; a median notogastral light spot found at the level of setae c. Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity observed; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3 - 1 - 2 - 3; six pairs of genital setae present, g 1 longer than the rest setae, setae g 5 and g 6 situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae g 1 to g 4 converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae ad 1 inserted at the level between setae an 1 and an 2; lyrifissures iad paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: ag - ag > ad 2 - ad 2 > ad 3 - ad 3 ��� ad 1 - ad 1. Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1 - 4 - 2 (1)- 4 (2)- 18 (2); II: 1 - 4 - 2 (1)- 4 (1)- 14 (2), III: 2 - 3 - 1 (1)- 2 (1)- 14, IV: 1 - 2 - 1 - 2 (1)- 10; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to Suctobelbella elegantula (Hammer, 1958) in the presence of short notogastral setae and setae c close to the posterior margin of co.nl, but differs from the latter species by following characters: In S. sanjiangensis sp. nov., rostral apex with one pair of large and acute rostral teeth; rostral surface smooth; head of sensilla pointed at end. In S. elegantula, rostral apex with three pairs of rostral teeth; rostral surface granulated; head of sensilla terminates as a thin thread. In addition, these two species differ from each other by slightly different shape of external notogastral condyles., Published as part of Liu, Dong & Wu, Donghui, 2013, Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, pp. 131-138 in Zootaxa 3637 (2) on page 135, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/219568, {"references":["Hammer, M. (1958) Investigations on the oribatid fauna of the Andes Moutains. I. The Argentine and Bolivia. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter, 10 (1), 1 - 129."]}

Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui (2013): Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Zootaxa 3637 (2): 131-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4

Key to species of Euphthiracarus reported from China 1 Median carina present or rostrum of prodorsum protruded..................................................... 2 - Median carina absent or rostrum of prodorsum not protruded................................................... 5 2 Prodorsum with median carina............................................... E. carinatus Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 - Rostrum of prodorsum protruded......................................................................... 3 3 Length of notogastral setae heterotrichous; sensilla with rounded head, pointed distally and covered with several small spines........................................................................ E. flagellatus Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 - Length of notogastral setae not heterotrichous; sensilla with dilated head, truncate distally and covered with robust spines... 4 4 Region between upper carina and lower one with peculiar reticulation; rostral setae spiniform, not bent and flagellate distally..................................................................................... E. protrusus sp. nov. - Region between upper carina and lower one without peculiar reticulation; rostral setae bent and flagellate distally, not spini- form................................................................................ E. truncatus sp. nov. 5 Prodorsum with one pair of lateral carinae.................................................................. 6 - Prodorsum with two pairs of lateral carinae................................................................. 7 6 All legs monodactylous; lateral carinae regular................................... E. longulus Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 - All legs heterotridactylous; lateral carinae irregular............................................ E. minimus sp. nov. 7 Head of sensilla dilated................................................................................. 8 - Head of sensilla not dilated............................................................................. 10 8 Head of sensilla smooth................................................................ E. oblongus sp. nov. - Head of sensilla covered with robust spines................................................................. 9 9 Upper carina undulate; posterior four genital setae obviously longer than anterior ones............ E. takahashii Aoki, 1980 - Upper carina not undulate; posterior four genital setae not obviously longer than anterior ones................................................................................................... E. dilatatus Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 10 All legs monodactylous......................................................... E. cathayanus Mahunka, 2000 - All legs heterotridactylous............................................................................. 11 11 Aggenital setae nearly equally long.................................................... E. foveolatus Aoki, 1980 - Aggenital setae ag 2 much longer than ag 1.................................................................. 12 12 Rostral setae thicker than all other prodosal and notogastral setae............................ E. macrorostralis sp. nov. - Rostral setae thinner than all other prodosal and notogastral setae............................................... 13 13 Length of notogastral setae heterotrichous; c 1, c 2, c 3 and c p flagellate in distal half....... E. longisetus Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 - Length of notogastral setae not heterotrichous; c 1, c 2, c 3 and c p not flagellate in distal half............................ 14 14 Rostral setae longer than interlamellar setae; setae ag 2 less than two times as long as ag 1 ........... E. medogensis sp. nov. - Rostral setae shorter than interlamellar setae; setae ag 2 more than two times as long as ag 1........................... 15 15 Rostral setae not flagellate at distal end; setae ag 2 about three times as long as ag 1 ....... E. aequalis Liu, Wu & Chen, 2011 - Rostral setae flagellate at distal end; setae ag 2 more than four times as long as ag 1............. E. cribrarius (Berlese, 1904), Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2012, Six new species of the genus Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 3481 on page 58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211663, {"references":["Liu, D., Wu, D. H. & Chen, J. (2011) Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China. Zootaxa, 2752, 45 - 61.","Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24.","Mahunka, S. (2000) Oribatids from Hong Kong II (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) (Acarologica Genavensia XCIV). Archives des Sciences (Geneve), 53 (1), 43 - 48.","Berlese, A. (1904) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2, 10 - 32."]}

Euphthiracarus medogensis sp. nov. (Figs. 4���6) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol), China: Tibet, M��dog County (29 �� 19 ' 31.07 "N, 95 �� 19 ' 59.51 "E), from litter, 1800 m a.s.l., 20 Jan., 1983, leg. Yin-Heng Han. Etymology. The new specific name ��� medogensis ��� refers to the type locality, M��dog. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 336, width 238, height 125, setae: ss 135, ro 130, in 165, le 115, ex 30, distance between setae: ro���ro 62, in���in 120, le���le 60, in���le 90, le���ro 60; notogaster: length 665, width 410, height 402; setae: c 1 125, c 2 127, c 3 115, c p 115, d 1 100, d 2 100, e 1 125, e 2 105, h 1 135, h 2 115, h 3 95, ps 1 140, ps 2 117, ps 3 102; distance between setae: c 1 ���d 1 185, d 1 ���e 1 170, e 1 ���h 1 167, h 1 ���ps 1 115; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 250 �� 115, anoadanal plate 320 �� 90. Colour yellowish. Surface of body covered with dense and small foveolae, except notogaster with large foveolae and lateral region of prodorsum smooth. Prodorsum with two parallel lateral carinae on each side, upper carina stronger than lower one; sensilla bacilliform, sparsely barbed in distal half; interlamellar and lamellar setae erect, covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; rostral setae thin, smooth and long, flagellate and bent distally; comparative length: in>ss > ro > le>ex. Notogaster setae relatively short, similar in shape to interlamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1���3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1; arrangement of opisthosomal glands and lyrifissures typical for genus. Genital plates each with nine setae, g 1���3 short and fine, located in progenital position, posterior four genital setae longer and thicker, spiniform; two pairs of aggenital setae present, spiniform, nearly equally thick, ag 2 about 1.5 times as long as ag 1; setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1); chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-2 - 4 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to E macrorostralis sp. nov., E. cribrarius and E. foveolatus Aoki, 1980. It can be easily distinguished from E. macrorostralis sp. nov. by foveolate surface, and rostral setae flagellate, not thicker than all other prodosal and notogastral setae. The new species differs from E. cribrarius by following characters: surface of body covered with dense foveolae; posterior four genital setae longer and thicker; rostral setae thin, smooth and longer. The new species can be easily distinguished from E. foveolatus by following characters: rostral setae thin, smooth and long, flagellate and bent distally; ag 2 longer than ag 1., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2012, Six new species of the genus Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 3481 on pages 49-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211663, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24."]}

Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov. (Figs. 1���22) With characters of Papillacarus as summarized by Balogh (1961), Balogh & Balogh (1992). Diagnosis. Body size 763���813 �� 365���398. Surface of body foveolate. Rostrum weakly concave. Prodorsal, notogastral (except short and smooth c 1, d 1, e 1, f 1), anal and adanal setae long, setiform, ciliate. Sensilli with 13 to 15 branches. One transverse band (S 2) developed on notogaster. Two pairs of neotrichal setae morphlogically similar to lateral notogastral setae; others short, setiform, ciliate. Subcapitulum with five pairs of setae. Palptarsus with 10 setae. Sternal apodeme fused with apodemes III. Epimeral setal formula 7 ��� 5 ��� 3���4. Transverse genital suture poorly developed. Genital setae heterogenous, all ciliate. Description. Measurements. Large species. Body length 813 (holotype), 763���813 (mean 785; three paratypes); body width 381 (holotype), 365���398 (mean 381; three paratypes). Integument (Figs. 1, 2, 7). Body color yellow-brownish. Surface of body foveolate. Foveolae of two types: a) large, polygonal, forming polygonal network on prodorsum, notogaster, lateral part of body and anogenital region (length up to 16); b) very small (distinctly visible only under high magnification), polygonal, located on all surfaces of body, also forming polygonal network of very small foveolae on all surfaces of body and legs. Prodorsum (Figs. 1, 3���6). Roughly triangular in dorsal view, occupying about 2 / 3 of dorsal length. Rostrum weakly concave in dorsal view. Rostral (ro), lamellar (le), interlamellar (in) and both pairs of exobothridial (exa, exp) setae similar: long (123���131), setiform, thickened, with short cilia. Sensilli (98���106) pectinate, with 13 to 15 branches on one side. Postbothridial transverse band (S b) present, but poorly visible. Notogaster (Figs. 1, 2, 8���11). Anterior border of the notogaster straight. Only one transverse band (S 2) developed, complete. Sixteen pairs of primary notogastral setae and 14���16 pairs of additional neotrichal setae (n) present. Notogastral setae c 1, d 1, e 1, f 1 short (24���32), setiform, smooth; others long (131���153), setiform, thickened, with short cilia. Neotrichal setae of two types: two pairs morphlogically similar to notogastral setae; others short (36���49), setiform, ciliate. Lyrifissures ia and im distinct. Gnathosoma (Figs. 18, 19). Subcapitulum with one pair of lateral tubercles. Subcapitulum longer than wide (196���209 �� 143���151). Subcapitular setae h, m 1, m 2 and m 3 short (32���36), setiform, with cilia; setae a longer (49���57), setiform, smooth. Three pairs of adoral setae present: or 1 36���41, wide, lobe-formed, smooth; or 2 41���45, setiform, thickened, with tooth in distal part, blunt-ended; or 3 32���36, lobe-formed, smooth. Palps (82) with setation 0���1 ��� 0���1 ��� 10 (+ 1 ��). Distal three setae fused basally. Solenidion longer than palptarsus, thick, not fused with acm. Chelicerae 213���225; cheliceral seta chb 65, setiform, smooth; seta cha 8, thorn-like. Epimeral region (Figs. 2, 12, 13). Apodemes III medially fused. Sternal apodeme fused with apodemes III. Epimeral setal formula: 7 ��� 5 ��� 3���4. Medial setae 1 a, 2 a, 3 a, 4 a short (20), setiform, smooth; anteriomost pair longer (45���53), with cilia unilaterally; three pairs of lateral setae on epimeres II (53���61) straight, setiform, ciliate; other setae (28���41) setiform, with cilia unilaterally. Anogenital region (Figs. 2, 14���17). Transverse genital suture present, but poorly developed (visible under high magnification in dissected specimens). Genital setae heterogenous: four lateral pairs longer (45���57), with one to three long cilia; six medial pairs shorter (16���20), ciliate. Two pairs of anal (an 1, an 2 53���57) and four pairs of adanal (ad 1 ��� ad 3 90���106; ad 4 69���77) setae setiform, thickened, with cilia. One pair of ventrolateral bands present. Lyrifissures ih and ip distinct, iad and ips not visible. Legs (Figs. 21, 22). Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for Papillacarus (Ermilov & Anichkin 2011 f, Ermilov et al. 2011). All legs with one claw, with small tooth on ventral side. Femora with large ventral ridge. Formulae of leg setation and solenidia: leg I (0���6 (5)��� 3���4 ��� 18) [2 ��� 1���2], leg II (0��� 6 ��� 3���4 ��� 13) [1 ��� 1���2], leg III (2���4 ��� 2���3 ��� 12) [1 ��� 1 ���0], leg IV (2���3 ��� 2���3 ��� 11) [1 ���0���0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Majority of setae ciliate. Setae it on tarsi II, III short, thin, smooth. Famulus conical, small, thickened. Solenidia �� 1 on tarsi I, �� 1 and �� 2 on tarsi II, �� on tibiae III thickened, blunt-ended; other solenidia longer, setiform, with thinner tips. FIGURES 7���17. Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov., adult: 7 ���foveolae of notogaster; 8 ���notogastral seta d 1; 9 ���notogastral seta d 3; 10, 11 ���neotrichal setae; 12 ���epimeral seta 2 a; 13 ���epimeral seta 2 b; 14 ���genital plate, left; 15, 16 ���genital setae; 17 ���anal and adanal plates, left. Scale bar (7, 9) 20 ��m; scale bar (8, 10���13, 15, 16) 10 ��m; scale bar (14, 17) 50 ��m. I - d, (l 1 ), l 2 ''*, bv'', v'' (l'), ��', d ��'' (l 1 ), l 2 '', v', �� (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), m, n, e, �� 1, �� 2 II - d, (l), bv'', v'' (l), d �� (l 1 ), l 2 '', v', �� (ft), (tc), (it), (u), (a), s, (pv), �� 1, �� 2 III l', v' d, l 1 ', l 2 ', ev' l', d �� d, l', v', �� (ft), (tc), (it), (u), a���, s, (pv) IV l', v' d, l', ev' l', d �� d, l', v' (ft), (tc), p���, (u), a���, s, (pv) Roman letters refer to normal setae (e to famulus), Greek letters to solenidia, d �� ���seta and solenidion coupled. Single prime (') marks setae on anterior and double prime (") setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. *���Seta absent in two specimens of Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov. Material examined. Collection data for holotype and three paratypes: VC- 3. Type deposition. The holotype (in alcohol) is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; one paratype (in alcohol) is deposited in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia; two paratypes (dissected) are in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology. The specific name ��� indistinctus ��� refers to the poorly developed (indistinct) transverse suture on the genital plates. Remarks. In having the combination of foveolate body surface, absence of body papillae, setiform prodorsal, notogastral and neotrichal setae, few neotrichal setae, and poorly visible transverse suture on genital plates, Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov. is very similar to Papillacarus polygonatus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 (see Ermilov & Anichkin 2011 f) from Vietnam. However, it clearly differs from the latter by two types of neotrichal setae (versus three types in P. polygonatus), long notogastral setae c 2, which are slightly shorter than c 3 (versus considerably shorter than c 3 in P. polygonatus), notogastral setae e 1 and f 1 similar in length to c 1 and d 1 (versus shorter in P. polygonatus), presence of four pairs of long genital setae, all with cilia (versus three pairs present, all smooth in P. polygonatus), epimeral setal formula 7 ��� 5 ��� 3���4 (versus 8 ��� 5 ��� 3���4 in P. polygonatus), presence of three pairs of subcapitular setae m (versus two pairs in P. polygonatus), palptarsus with 10 setae (versus nine setae in P. polygonatus)., Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G., Anichkin, Alexander E. & Wu, Donghui, 2012, Two new species of the genus Papillacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmanniidae) from caves of Southern Vietnam, pp. 75-88 in Zootaxa 3593 on pages 79-83, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209735, {"references":["Balogh, J. (1961) An outline of the family Lohmanniidae Berlese, 1916 (Acari: Oribatei). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 7 (1 - 2), 19 - 44.","Balogh, J. & Balogh, P. (1992) The Oribatid Mites Genera of the World. Vol. 1. Hungarian National Museum Press, Budapest, 263 p.","Ermilov, S. G. & Anichkin, A. E. (2011 f) The oribatid mite families Nanhermanniidae and Lohmanniidae of Cat Tien National Park (Vietnam). Acarina, 19 (2), 231 - 241."]}

Papillacarus polysetosus sp. nov. (Figs. 23 ���35) Diagnosis. Body size 664���680 �� 298���315. Surface of body foveolate. Rostrum rounded. Prodorsal, notogastral, anal and adanal setae setiform, ciliate; c 1, c 2, d 1, d 2, e 2, e 1, f 1, f 2 shorter than others. Sensilli with 10 to 12 branches. Four transverse bands developed on notogaster. One pair of neotrichal setae morphologically similar to notogastral setae; others (more than 80 pairs) short, setiform, ciliate. Subcapitulum with five pairs of setae. Epimeral setal formula 13 ��� 11 ��� 5 ��� 3. Genital setae heterogenous, all ciliate. Description. Measurements. Large species. Body length 680 (holotype), 664 (paratype); body width 315 (holotype), 298 (paratype). Integument (Figs. 23, 24, 29). Body color yellow to light brownish. Surface of body foveolate. Foveolae of two types: a) large, polygonal, forming polygonal network on prodorsum, notogaster, lateral part of body and anogenital region (length up to 16); b) very small (distinctly visible only under high magnification), polygonal, located on all surfaces of body, also forming polygonal network from very small foveolae on all surfaces of body and legs. Prodorsum (Figs. 23, 25���28). Roughly triangular in dorsal view, occupying about 1 / 2 of dorsal length. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, weakly truncate in dorso-anterior view. Rostral, lamellar, interlamellar and both pairs of exobothridial setae similar: long (131���135), setiform, thickened, with short cilia. Sensilli (98���102) pectinate, with 10 to 12 branches on one side. Postbothridial transverse band visible. Notogaster (Figs. 23, 24, 30���33). Anterior border of the notogaster weakly convex. Four transverse bands developed: S 2 complete; S 3, S 4 and S 5 medially interrupted. Sixteen pairs of primary notogastral setae and more than 80 pairs of additional neotrichal setae present. Notogastral setae setiform, with short cilia, differ in length: c 1, c 2 90; d 1, d 2, e 2 69���77; e 1 61���65; f 1 49���53; f 2 45���49; others longer (131���135), setiform, thickened. Neotrichal setae of two types: one pair (82) morphlogically similar to notogastral setae; others short (36���41), setiform, ciliate, located on posterior half of notogaster. Lyrifissures ia and im distinct. Gnathosoma. Similar to Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov. Subcapitulum with one pair of lateral tubercles. Subcapitulum longer than wide (168 �� 123). Subcapitular setae h, m 1, m 2 and m 3 short (28), setiform, with cilia; setae a longer (49), setiform, smooth. Three pairs of adoral setae present: or 1 32, wide, lobe-formed, smooth; or 2 36, setiform, thickened, with tooth in distal part, blunt-ended; or 3 28, lobe-formed, smooth. Palps (73) with setation 0���1 ��� 0���1 ��� 9 (+ 1 ��). Distal three setae fused basally. Solenidion longer than palptarsus, thick, not fused with acm. Chelicerae 151; cheliceral seta chb 45, setiform, smooth; seta cha 6, thorn-like. Epimeral region (Fig. 24). Apodemes III medially interrupted. Sternal apodeme not fused with apodemes. Epimeral setal formula: 13 ��� 11 ��� 5 ��� 3. Medial setae 1 a, 2 a, 3 a, 4 a short (12), setiform, smooth; anteriomost pair longer (32), with cilia unilaterally; three pairs of lateral setae on epimeres II (28) straight, setiform, ciliate; other setae (20���28) setiform, with cilia unilaterally. Anogenital region (Figs. 24, 34���35). Transverse genital suture distinct. Genital setae ciliate, heterogenous: four lateral pairs longer (24���30) than medial pairs (16���20). Two pairs of anal (45���49) and four pairs of adanal (ad 1 ��� ad 3 65���69; ad 4 49���53) setae setiform, thickened, with cilia. A pair of ventrolateral bands indistinct. Lyrifissures iad, ih and ip distinct, ips not visible. FIGURES 29���35. Papillacarus polysetosus sp. nov., adult: 29 ���foveolae of notogaster; 30 ���notogastral seta d 1; 31 ���notogastral seta d 3; 32, 33 ���neotrichal setae; 34 ���genital plate, left; 35 ���anal and adanal plates, left. Scale bar (29���33) 20 ��m; scale bar (34, 35) 50 ��m. Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for Papillacarus (Ermilov & Anichkin 2011 f, Ermilov et al. 2011) and similar to Papillacarus indistinctus sp. nov. All legs with one claw, with small tooth on ventral side. Femora with large ventral ridge. Formulae of leg setation and solenidia: leg I (0��� 6 ��� 3���4 ��� 18) [2 ��� 1���2], leg II (0��� 6 ��� 3���4 ��� 13) [1 ��� 1���2], leg III (2���4 ��� 2���3 ��� 12) [1 ��� 1 ���0], leg IV (2���3 ��� 2���3 ��� 11) [1 ���0���0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Majority of setae ciliate. Setae it on tarsi II, III short, thin, smooth. Famulus conical, small, thickened. Solenidia �� 1 on tarsi I, �� 1 and �� 2 on tarsi II, �� on tibiae III thickened, blunt-ended; other solenidia longer, setiform, with thinner tips. Material examined. Collection data for holotype and three paratypes: VC- 2. Type deposition. The holotype (in alcohol) is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; one paratype (dissected) is in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology. The specific name ��� polysetosus ��� refers to the numerous neotrichal setae. Remarks. In having the combination of setiform prodorsal, notogastral and neotrichal setae and also in having numerous neotrichial setae, Papillacarus polysetosus sp. nov. is very similar to Papillacarus jinggangshanensis Chen, Yang & Liang, 2010 and Papillacarus konglinensis Chen & Yang, 2011 (both from China). However, it clearly differs from both by the larger body size (664���680 �� 298���315 versus 432���441 �� 232���238 in P. jinggangshanensis, 426���432 �� 219���228 in P. konglinensis), the presence of polygonal ornamentation on prodorsum and notogaster (versus polygonal ornamentation absent in P. jinggangshanensis and P. konglinensis), longer lateral notogastral setae (versus shorter in P. jinggangshanensis and P. konglinensis), the presence of three pairs of subcapitular setae m (versus four pairs in P. jinggangshanensis and P. konglinensis), epimeral setal formula 13 ��� 11 ��� 5 ��� 3 (versus 8 ��� 7 ��� 3���4 in P. jinggangshanensis, 7 ��� 5 ��� 3���4 in P. konglinensis). In having the combination of foveolate body surface, setiform prodorsal, notogastral and neotrichal setae, Papillacarus polysetosus sp. nov. is also similar to Papillacarus chamartinensis P��rez-����igo, 1967 from Spain. However it clearly differs from the latter by the larger body size (664���680 �� 298���315 versus 500 �� 220 in P. chamartinensis), long notogastral setae c 1 and d 1, which are a little shorter than c 3 and d 3 (versus considerably shorter in P. chamartinensis), longer lateral notogastral setae (versus shorter in P. chamartinensis), considerably more neothrichal setae (less number in P. chamartinensis), absence of body papillae (present in pygidial part of notogaster in P. chamartinensis), epimeral setal formula 13 ��� 11 ��� 5 ��� 3 (versus 7 ��� 4 ��� 3���4 in P. chamartinensis)., Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G., Anichkin, Alexander E. & Wu, Donghui, 2012, Two new species of the genus Papillacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmanniidae) from caves of Southern Vietnam, pp. 75-88 in Zootaxa 3593 on pages 83-86, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209735, {"references":["Ermilov, S. G. & Anichkin, A. E. (2011 f) The oribatid mite families Nanhermanniidae and Lohmanniidae of Cat Tien National Park (Vietnam). Acarina, 19 (2), 231 - 241.","Chen, Y., Yang, M. & Liang, W. (2010) A taxonomic study on the genus Vepracarus Aoki (Acari, Oribatida, Lohmanniidae), with description of a new species from China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 35 (1), 35 - 37.","Chen, Y. & Yang, M. (2011) Two new species of the family of Lohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida) from China. International Journal of Acarology, 37 (5), 448 - 454.","Perez-Inigo, C. (1967) Les Lohmanniidae d'Espagne. Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 43 (1 - 2), 157 - 170."]}

Folsomia sanjiangensis sp. nov. (Figs 13–24) Type material. Holotype, female. Honghe Farm, Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province, China, N 47 ° 35 ʹ, E 133 ° 31 ʹ; 55 m alt., forest, 3.viii. 2010, coll. Dong Liu. Paratypes: 13 females, adult and subadult from the same locality as holotype, forest and wetlands. All material deposited in Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Description. Body length up to 1.0 mm. White, pigment and ommatidia absent in alcohol. PAO broad, elliptical, almost as long as width of Ant. I, and 2.0–2.3 times longer than inner edge of unguis III, with a weak constriction and without inner "denticles" (Fig. 13). Maxillary palp bifurcate, outer maxillary lobe with 4 sublobal hairs. Labral formula 4 /5,5,4. Ventral side of head with 4 postlabrial chaetae. Labrum with 4 basomedian and 3 proximal chaetae, with all papillae A–E, and full set of guard chaetae. Ant. I with 2–3 small basal microsensilla (1–2 dorsal and 1 ventral, the longer dorsal one absent in some specimens), and 2 ventro-lateral sensilla. Ant. II with 3 basal microsensilla and 1 latero-distal sensillum. Ant. III with 1 microsensillum and 5 sensilla (2 inner, 2 outer, and 1 lateral). Ant IV with 1 subapical microsensillum and sensilla on Ant. IV weakly differentiated, 6-7 of them thickened (Fig. 14). Sensillar formula for Th. II–Abd. V: 4,3 /2,2,2,3,5 (s), 1,0/1,0,0 (ms). Medial sensilla on Th. II–III, situated in front of p-row (Fig. 15), whereas on Abd. I–III these sensilla situated in p-row (Fig. 16). Abd. V with 2 leaf-like lateral sensilla (Fig. 17). Macrochaetae 1,1 /3,3,3,4 in number, acuminate and smooth. Medial macrochaetae on Abd. V 5-6 times longer than mucro. Abd. VI with a group of 7 foil-chaetae (Potapov & Culik 2002; Potapov & Chimitova 2009); (Fig. 17). Th. III tergum with 20 chaetae in p-row, sternum of the segment with 1–2 + 1–2 ventral chaetae on Th. III. Unguis without inner and lateral teeth. Tibiotarsi of Leg I and II with 25–27 chaetae arranged in 4 rings, respectively (Figs 18, 19). Tibiotarsi of Leg III with 39 chaeta (Fig. 20). Retinaculum with 4 + 4 teeth and one chaeta on corpus. VT wih 4 + 4 latero-distal and 5-6 posterior chaetae (Fig. 21). Anterior furcal subcoxa with 19–24, posterior with 5-8 chaetae. Anterior side of manubrium with 13-18 chaetae usually arranged as 3 + 3 (4 + 3), 1 + 1, 2 + 2, 1 + 1 and 2 unpaired in axial part (Fig. 22), posteriorly with 4–5 + 4–5 latero-basal, 8–10 + 8–10 central, 3 + 3 distal, and 1 + 1 apical chaetae (Fig. 23). Lateral sides of manubrium with 3 + 3 chaetae. Dens with 36–40 anterior chaetae and 8 postrior chaetae (4 basal, 3 medial, aned usually a eighth,minute chaeta near the mucro can be observed (Fig. 24)). Mucro bidentate. Ratio manubrium: dens: mucro = 8.3–12.0: 15.7–20.0: 1. Remarks. This new species belongs to sensibilis -group due to posterior position of median sensilla on abdomen, ommatidia absent, and Abd. V with 2 + 2 lateral leaf-like sensilla. It is similar to F. ancestor (Potapov & Babenko 2000), but it can be distinguished from F. ancestor by having 1–2 + 1–2 ventral chaetae on Th. III (absent in F. ancestor), and 3 chaetae on lateral sides of manubrium (2 in F. ancestor). Distribution. Heilongjiang province, China. Ecology. Forest (broad-leaf forest and coniferous forest) and wetlands (Deyeuxia angustifolia). Derivatio nominis. Named after the locality.

Euphthiracarus truncatus sp. nov. (Figs. 20���24) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 97 - 5), China: Guangdong Province, Zhaoqing City, Dinghushan National Nature Reserve (23 �� 9 ' 35.51 "N, 112 �� 33 ' 15.05 "E), from litter under shrub and ruderal, 20 Oct., 1997, leg. Hui-Fu Wang. Paratypes: ten adults (in alcohol, W- 97 - 5), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� truncatus ��� is Latin for ���truncate��� and refers to the truncate head of sensilla. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 275, width 190, height 100, setae: ss 102, ro 60, in 126, le 75, ex 15, distance between setae: ro���ro 35, in���in 83, le���le 41, in���le 90, le���ro 75; notogaster: length 521, width 365, height 360; setae: c 1 95, c 2 87, c 3 60, c p 80, d 1 82, d 2 75, e 1 95, e 2 75, h 1 100, h 2 90, h 3 70, ps 1 95, ps 2 75, ps 3 70; distance between setae: c 1 ���d 1 145, d 1 ���e 1 125, e 1 ���h 1 105, h 1 ���ps 1 85; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 185 �� 95, anoadanal plate 265 �� 75. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 240���320, width 175���222, height 90���120; notogaster: length 440���649, width 290���435, height 280���400. Colour tan to brown. Surface of body covered with dense and great foveolae, except region under lateral carinae smooth. Rostrum of prodorsum distinctly protruded; two pairs of lateral carinae present, upper carina longer and stronger than lower one; sensilla with long and narrow pedicel and dilated head, truncate distally and covered with long and robust spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lamellar setae similar in shape to interlamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; rostral setae smooth and semierect, flagellate and directed outwards distally; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > le > ro>ex. Notogaster setae similar in shape to lamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1���3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1; arrangement of opisthosomal glands and lyrifissures typical for genus. Genital plates each with seven equally long setae, g 1���2 short and fine, located in progenital position, other setae thick; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 minute, ag 2 slightly thick, about five times as long as ag 1; setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1); chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-2 - 3 (2)- 4 (1); II: 1-2 - 3 (1)- 4 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to E. cribrarius and E. paravesciculus Niedba&lstrok;a, 2004, but differs from them by following combined characters: rostrum of prodorsum distinctly protruded; sensilla with dilated head, truncate distally and covered with long spines; rostral setae smooth and semi-erect, flagellate and directed outwards distally; ag 2 much longer than ag 1., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2012, Six new species of the genus Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 3481 on pages 56-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211663, {"references":["Niedbala, W. (2004) Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Neotropical Region. Annales Zoologici, 54 (1), 1 - 288."]}

Folsomia aquatica sp. nov. (Figs 1���12) Type material. Holotype, female. Honghe Farm, Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province, China, N 47 �� 35 ��, E 133 �� 31 ��; 55 m alt., wetlands, 26.v. 2011, coll. Haitao Wu. Paratypes, 4 males and 15 females, from the same locality, the same data as holotype. All material deposited in Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Description. Body length up to 1.3mm. White, pigment and ommatidia absent in alcohol. PAO long and narrow, almost as long as the width of Ant. I and 1.8���2.4 times longer than inner edge of unguis III, with a weak constriction and small inner "denticles" (Fig. 1). Maxillary palp bifurcate, outer maxillary lobe with 4 sublobal hairs. Labral formula 4 /5,5,4. Ventral side of head with 4 postlabial chaetae. Labrum with 4 basomedian and 3 proximal chaetae. labrium with 5 usual papillae (A-E)and full set of guard chaetae. Ant. I with 3 small basal microsensilla (2 dorsal and 1 ventral), and 2 ventral lateral sensilla (Fig. 2). Ant. II with 3 basal microsensilla and 1 lateral distal sensillum. Ant. III with 1 basal microsensillum and 5 distal sensilla (including 1 lateral); sensilla on Ant IV differentiated, 6-7 of which moderaly thickened (Fig. 2). Sensillar formula for Th. II���Abd.V: 4,3 /2,2,2,3,5(s), 1,1 /1,0,0 (ms) (Figs 3, 4). Medial sensilla on all tergites situated in front of p-row, fine and curved. Macrochaetae 1,1 /3,3,3,4 in number, acuminate and smooth. Medial macrochaetae on Abd. V 4-5 times longer than mucro. Abd. VI without foil-chaetae (Fig. 5). Ventral chaetae on thorax absent. Unguis without inner and lateral teeth. Tibiotarsi of Leg I and II with 25���27 chaetae arranged in 4 rings, respectively (Figs 6, 7). Tibiotarsi of Leg III with 30 chaetae (Fig. 8). Retinaculum with 4 + 4 teeth and one chaeta on corpus (Fig. 9). VT wih 4 + 4 latero-distal and usually 7 (6���10) posterior chaetae (Fig. 10). Anterior furcal subcoxa with 7���10, posterior subcoxa with 4���5 chaetae. Anterior side of manubrium with 1 + 1 chaetae apically (Fig. 11). Manubrium on posterior side with 3 + 3 latero-basal, 4 + 4 central, 2 + 2 distal, and 1 + 1 apical chaetae. Lateral side of manubrium with 1 + 1 chaetae (Fig. 12). Dens with 8 anterior chaetae (Fig. 11) and 3 posterior chaetae (2 basal and 1 medial) (Fig. 12), posterior side crenulated. Mucro with two teeth. Ratio manubrium: dens: mucro = 4.5���6.4: 4.0���5.9: 1. Remarks. According to systematics of the genus proposed by Potapov (2001), F. aquatica sp. nov. belongs to quadrioculata -group after the following characters: thoracic segments with corner sensillum, medial sensilla on body tergites well in front of p-row of chaetae, medial sensillum on Abd. I���III placed between Mac 1 and Mac 2 and bifurcate maxillary palp. Absence of ommatidia is common character for F. albens, F. b a i c a l i c a, F. taimyrica, F. villosa and F. vtorovi. The new species may be distinguished from F. atropolaris and F. villosa by 1 + 1 chaeta on anterior side of manubrium, the latter ones have 11���14 and 12 chaetae, respectively. It differs from F. albens by VT with 4 + 4 latero-distal and 7 posterior chaetae, the latter with 3 + 3 latero-distal and 6 posterior chaetae. F. aquatica is very similar to F. taimyrica and F. v t o ro v i distinguished only by microsensillar formula (1,1 /1,0,0 in F. aquatica, 1,1 /1,1,1 in F. taimyrica and 1,0/1,0,0 in F. v t oro v i). It is also very similar to F. bidentata differing by body length (1.1-1.3 mm in F. aquatica 0.8mm in F. bidentata), PAO length (in former almost as long as width of Ant. I, in latter 1.6 times longer than width of Ant. I) and by the number of posterior chaetae on manunbrium (in former 20 chaetae constantly, in latter with 21 chaetae). Distribution. Heilongjiang province, China. Ecology. Wetlands (Deyeuxia angustifolia). Derivatio nominis. Named after the type of the habitat., Published as part of Wang, Baifeng & Wu, Donghui, 2012, Two new species of Folsomia from north-eastern China (Collembola, Isotomidae), pp. 77-83 in Zootaxa 3500 on pages 77-80, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214073, {"references":["Potapov, M. (2001) Isotomidae. In: Dunger, W. (Ed.) Synopses on Palaearctic Collembola. Vol. 3., Abdhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkunde Gorlitz, 73 (2), 1 - 603."]}

Key to Vietnamese species of Papillacarus 1. Body surface with papillae (polygonal ornamentation present or absent).......................................... 2 - Body surface without papillae (polygonal ornamentation present or absent)...................................... 3 2. Dorsal side of body with polygonal ornamentation; prodorsal and lateral notogastral setae long, setiform, with short cilia; neotrichal setae setiform............................................................... P. aciculatus (Berlese) - Dorsal side of body without polygonal ornamentation; prodorsal and lateral notogastral setae short, with long cilia; neotrichal setae multiply branched (stellate in dorsal view)............................................... P. hirsutus (Aoki) 3. Dorsal side of body with polygonal (foveolate or tuberculate) ornamentation...................................... 4 - Dorsal side of body without polygonal ornamentation....................................... P. undirostratus Aoki 4. Some prodorsal and notogastral setae with very long cilia.................................................... 5 - Prodorsal and notogastral setae setiform, with short cilia...................................................... 6 5. Dorsal side of body tuberculate; neotrichal setae multiply branched (stellate in dorsal view).... P. c o r n u t u s Sarkar & Sub��as - Dorsal side of body foveolate; neotrichal setae setiform, with long cilia............................ P. ramosus Balogh 6. Number of neotrichal setae more than 20 pairs; notogastral setae c 1 short, considerably shorter than c 3.................. 7 - Number of neotrichal setae more than 80 pairs; notogastral setae c 1 long, slightly shorter than c 3..... P. polysetosus sp. nov. 7. Neotrichal setae of three types; notogastral setae c 2 short, considerably shorter than c 3... P. polygonatus Ermilov & Anichkin - Neotrichal setae of two types; notogastral setae c 2 long, slightly shorter than c 3.................... P. indistinctus sp. nov., Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G., Anichkin, Alexander E. & Wu, Donghui, 2012, Two new species of the genus Papillacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmanniidae) from caves of Southern Vietnam, pp. 75-88 in Zootaxa 3593 on page 86, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209735

Euphthiracarus oblongus sp. nov. (Figs. 11���15) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 89-125), China: Hubei Province, Badong County (30 �� 42 ' 18.35 "N, 110 �� 17 ' 52.28 "E), Tiechanghuang Forestry Centre, from litter under broadleaf forest, 1500 m a.s.l., 12 Aug., 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui. Etymology. The new specific name ��� oblongus ��� is from Latin and refers to the oblong head of sensilla. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 279, width 190, height 105, setae: ss 94, ro 80, in 150, le 95, ex 15, distance between setae: ro���ro 55, in���in 93, le���le 45, in���le 77, le���ro 70; notogaster: length 512, width 335, height 325; setae: c 1 103, c 2 100, c 3 95, c p 100, d 1 76, d 2 70, e 1 110, e 2 70, h 1 116, h 2 75, h 3 72, ps 1 110, ps 2 70, ps 3 65; distance between setae: c 1 ���d 1 150, d 1 ���e 1 130, e 1 ���h 1 90, h 1 ���ps 1 77; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 180 �� 80, anoadanal plate 265 �� 65. Colour yellowish. Surface of body punctuate. Prodorsum with two parallel lateral carinae on each side, upper carina longer and stronger than lower one; sensilla with long and narrow pedicel and oblong and smooth head; interlamellar and lamellar setae erect, covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; rostral setae thin, smooth and long, flagellate and directed inwards distally; comparative length: in>le > ss > ro>ex. Notogaster with 14 pair of setae, relatively short, similar in shape to interlamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1���3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1; arrangement of opisthosomal glands and lyrifissures typical for genus. Genital plates each with nine setae, g 1���3 short and fine, located in progenital position, posterior six genital setae longer and thicker; two pairs of aggenital setae present, spiniform, nearly equally thick, setae ag 2 slightly longer than ag 1; setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1); chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3 - 4 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-4 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to E. klabati Niedba&lstrok;a, 2000, but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: surface of body punctuate; two pairs of lateral carinae present; posterior six genital setae nearly equally long, g 9 not obviously longer than other genital setae; all legs heterotridactylous., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2012, Six new species of the genus Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 3481 on pages 51-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211663, {"references":["Niedbala, W. (2000) The ptyctimous mites fauna of the Oriental and Australian Regions and their centres of origin (Acari: Oribatida). Genus, supplement, 1 - 493."]}

Euphthiracarus protrusus sp. nov. (Figs. 16���19) Material examined: Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 91 - 6), China: Fujian Province, Jiangle County, Longqishan Mt. (26 �� 16 ' 28.27 "N, 117 �� 38 ' 40.70 "E), from litter, 26 Jun., 1991, leg. Xiao-Mei Zhang. Paratypes: six adults (in alcohol, W- 91 - 6), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� protrusus ��� is Latin for ���protrude��� and refers to the shape of rostrum. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 270, width 190, height 120, setae: ss 80, ro 65, in 120, le 80, ex 16, distance between setae: ro���ro 37, in���in 100, le���le 46, in���le 195, le���ro 55; notogaster: length 520, width 350, height 355; setae: c 1 90, c 2 95, c 3 80, c p 90, d 1 80, d 2 80, e 1 90, e 2 82, h 1 95, h 2 90, h 3 95, ps 1 80, ps 2 85, ps 3 85; distance between setae: c 1 ���d 1 135, d 1 ���e 1 120, e 1 ���h 1 110, h 1 ���ps 1 110; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 210 �� 85, anoadanal plate 250 �� 75. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 290���330, width 195���240, height 112���115; notogaster: length 550���700, width 360���455, height 370���480. Colour yellowish to brown. Surface of body covered with small foveolae, except region between lateral carinae of prodorsum with peculiar reticulation. Rostrum of prodorsum distinctly protruded from lateral view, but not distinctly from dorsal view; two pairs of lateral carinae present, upper carina strong, lower one indistinct, mixed with reticulation between two lateral carinae; sensilla with narrow pedicel and dilated head, truncate distally and covered with robust spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, covered with spines in distal half; lamellar setae similar in shape to interlamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; rostral setae smooth, semi-erect and spiniform; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>le = ss > ro>ex. Notogaster setae similar in shape to lamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1; arrangement of opisthosomal glands and lyrifissures typical for genus. Genital plates each with nine setae, g 1���4 located in progenital position, g 1���3 short and fine, g 4 thick, other setae thick and slightly longer; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 minute, ag 2 about twice as long and thick as ag 1; setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1); chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3 - 5 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-4 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to E. takahashii Aoki, 1980 in having similar shape of sensilla, but differs from the latter species by following characters: surface between lateral carinae with peculiar reticulation, mixed with lower carina; rostrum of prodorsum distinctly protruded; rostral setae smooth, semi-erect and spiniform, not bent distally; length of notogastral setae not heterotrichous; posterior four genital setae not much longer than anterior. This new species is also similar to E. minimus sp. nov., but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: two pairs of lateral carinae present, lower one indistinct, mixed with reticulation between two lateral carinae; surface of notogaster covered with foveolae; ag 1 minute, ag 2 about twice as long and thick as ag 1. In addition, these two species also differ from each other by the shape of rostrum., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2012, Six new species of the genus Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 3481 on pages 54-56, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211663, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24."]}

Dimorphaphorura jingyueensis sp. nov. Figs 1���15 Type material. Holotype female, 9 females and 4 males paratypes. China: Jilin Province: Jingyuetan National Forest Park (alt. ca 250 m, 43 �� 47 ' 26 " S, 125 �� 28 ' 35 " W), litter and soil, Berlese extraction, 18.V. 2007, leg. Wu Donghui. Holotype and 13 paratypes on slides are deposited in the collection of the Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun. Description. Body color white in alcohol. Size 0.8���1.2 mm in females, 0.6���0.7 mm in males; holotype: 1.02 mm. Body slender and elongated. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 32 / 133 / 33353, ventrally: 11 /000/00000; subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 1 pso each (Figs 1 & 2). Parapseudocellar formula ventrally: 00/000/ 212101, absent dorsally (Figs 1 & 2); subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 1, 1 and 1 psx each. Pseudopore formula dorsally: 00/011/ 111100, ventrally: 00/ 111 /000 x00 (Figs 1 & 2). Head. Antennae short and distinctly segmented, as long as head. Length ratio of antennal segments I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5. Ant. IV with two distinct thickened S-chaetae, subapical organite with apex globular and basolateral ms just above posterior chaetae. Ant. III sensory organ composed of 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, the outer about twice as large as the inner, and a lateral ms (Fig. 7). Ant. II with 14���15 chaetae. Ant. I with 8 chaetae. Antennal base with distinct granulation (Fig. 4). PAO located on cuticular furrow built with a 3 -lobed vesicle (Fig. 4). Dorsal cephalic chaeta d0 absent, 3 + 3 p-chaetae between posterior a-pso on head (Fig. 1). Mandible with a strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla bearing 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs (Fig. 6). Labral chaetae formula 4 / 342 (Fig. 5). Labium with 6 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G, f) and 5 basolateral (b, c, d, e, e���) chaetae (Figs 3 & 10); labial type A, papillae A���E with 1, 4, 0, 3, and 2 guard chaetae respectively (Fig. 3). Postlabial chaetae 4 + 4 along ventral groove (Fig. 10). Body chaetotaxy. S-chaetae cylindrical, well differentiated, their formula 11 /011/ 222110 dorsally, 11 /000/ 0 0 0 100 ventrally (Figs 1, 2 & 10); subcoxae 2 of I, II and III legs with 0, 0 and 1 S-chaeta, respectively. Smicrochaetae tiny and blunt, present on Th. II���III (Fig. 1). Ordinary chaetae differentiated in meso- and macrochaetae. Th. I tergum with 7 + 7 chaetae. Th. II���III and Abd. I���III terga with three chaetae on both sides of axial line and no dorsal axial chaetae (Fig. 1). Abd. IV tergum with one axial chaeta (m0), Abd. V tergum without axial chaetae, Abd. VI tergum with two axial chaetae (Figs 1 & 16). Th. I, II and III sterna with 0+ 0, 1 + 1, 1 + 1 chaetae, respectively. Appendages. Subcoxa 1 of legs I���III with 4, 5 and 6 chaetae, subcoxa 2 with 1, 4 and 4 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I, II and III with 20 (11, 8, 1), 20 (11, 8, 1) and 19 (11, 7, 1) chaetae, respectively (Figs 8 & 9). Unguis without teeth. Unguiculus slender and pointed, as long as inner edge of unguis, without inner basal lamella (Figs 8 & 9). Ventral tube with 8 + 8 distal chaetae and 3���4 + 3���4 basal chaetae, without anterior chaetae (Fig. 11). Furca reduced to a finely granulated area with 2 + 1 chaetae posteriorly and further two manubrial rows of chaetae present (Fig. 14). Female genital plate with 15���21 chaetae (Fig. 13), male genital plate with 24���28 chaetae. Male ventral organ present, being as 7 + 7 inflated chaetae on ventral tube and several on Abd. II���IV (Figs 2 & 12). Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with a0 and 2 a 1; upper valve with chaetae a 0, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 (Fig. 15). Anal spines present on indistinct papillae, as long as inner edge of unguis (Fig. 16). Etymology. Named for the name of the park where we found the new species. Ecology. The new species found in a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. Remarks. The new species is similar to Dimorphaphorura pseudoraxensis (Nosek & Christian, 1983) in having 1 + 1, 3 + 3, and 3 + 3 pso on Th. I���III, respectively. Yet both can be distinguished by the number of pso on Abd. IV���V (5 + 5, 3 + 3 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 4 + 4, 4 + 4 in D. pseudoraxensis, respectively), the ratio of unguiculus/unguis (1 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 0.8 in D. pseudoraxensis), the inner basal lamella of unguiculus (indistinct in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus distinct in D. pseudoraxensis), the number of chaetae in distal whorl of tibiotarsi (11 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 9 in D. pseudoraxensis) and the apical teeth on the mandible (4 + 4 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 4 + 3 in D. pseudoraxensis). D. jingyueensis sp. nov. is very different from the only other known Chinese congener, D. sanjiangensis Sun & Wu, 2012. They can easily be separated by the dorsal pso formula (32 / 133 / 33353 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 32 /033/ 33343 in D. sanjiangensis), the ventral psx formula (00/000/ 212101 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 00/ 000/ 122203 in D. sanjiangensis), the inner basal lamella of unguiculus (indistinct in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus distinct in D. sanjiangensis), the ratio of unguiculus/unguis (1 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus 0.7 in D. sanjiangensis) and the chaetae on the upper valves (a 0, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 in D. jingyueensis sp. nov. versus a 0, 2a1, b 0, 2 b 1, 2 b 2, c 0, 2 c 1, 2 c 2 in D. sanjiangensis)., Published as part of Sun, Xin & Wu, Donghui, 2012, Two new species of the tribe Oligaphorurini Bagnall, 1949 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from northeast China, pp. 45-52 in Zootaxa 3526 on pages 46-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282740, {"references":["Nosek, V. J. & Christian, E. (1983) Onychiurus (Oligaphorura) pseudoraxensis n. sp. - Ein neuer Springschwanz (Hexapoda: Collembola) aus einer niederosterreichischen Hohle. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 84 (B), 397 - 400."]}

Plonaphacarus foveolatus sp. nov. (Figs. 27���33) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, L-0140), China: Anhui Province, Tiandu Peak of Mountain Huangshan (29 �� 42 ' 52.91 "N, 118 �� 20 ' 14.91 "E), from litter, 27 Oct., 1995, leg. Qing-Tian Li. Paratypes: two adults (in alcohol, L-0077), China: Anhui Province, Mountain Huangshan, Yungu Temple (30 �� 7 ' 11.04 "N, 118 �� 11 ' 34.97 "E), from litter, 27 Oct., 1995, leg. Yan-Xuan Zhang; two adults (in alcohol, LD-07- 152), China: Guangdong Province, Mountain Nankunshan (23 �� 36 ' 47.37 "N, 113 �� 51 ' 13.85 "E), from litter, 6 May, 2002, leg. Zhi- Wei Li; three adults (in alcohol, CG078), China: Guangxi Province, Jinxiu, Mountain Shengtangshan (23 �� 58 ' 24.71 "N, 110 �� 5 ' 35.44 "E), from moss, 1900 M, 29 Jun., 2000, leg. Jun Chen. Etymology. The new specific name ��� foveolatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the foveolate surface of body. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 280, width 175, height 120, setae: ss 35, ro 29, in 107, le 20, ex 17, distance between setae: ro -ro 48, in -in 75, le -le 115; notogaster: length 532, width 345, height 325; setae: c 1 100, c 2 95, c 3 90, c p 100, d 1 85, d 2 80, e 1 100, e 2 105, h 1 105, h 2 95, h 3 85, ps 1 100, ps 2 100, ps 3 85, ps 4 70; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 95, d 1 -e 1 186, e 1 -h 1 95, h 1 -ps 1 100; ventral region: ad 1 85, ad 2 115, ad 3 40, an 1 55, an 2 55; genitoaggenital plate 145 �� 120, anoadanal plate 202 �� 110. Colour brown. Surface of body foveolate. Prodorsum with one pair of short lateral carinae, weakly developed, not reaching sinus; dorsal and lateral region distinct; posterior furrows present; sensilli short and smooth, with narrow pedicel and rounded head; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, covered with small spines in distal half; lamellar setae thin, short, semi-erect and smooth; rostral setae thin, smooth and procumbent; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > ro>le > ex. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, relatively long (c 1 > c 1 -d 1), robust, covered with small spines in distal half, setae e 2 and h 1 longest, setae ps 4 shortest; setae c 1-3 slightly remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more so than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 not observed; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present, arranged in two rows with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five well-developed setae, setae ad 2 longest, setae ad 3 shortest, shorter than anal setae. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); v������ / v��� (femora I)= 3; setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae a������ on tarsi I, setae a������ and ft������ on tarsi II straight distally; setae s and pv��� on tarsi IV and setae s on tarsi I and II present; setae l��� on genua IV reduced; setae d on tibiae IV long, independent of solenidions; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. China (Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi). Remark. This new species is similar to P. rotundus sp. nov., but differs by the following characters: In P. rotundus, prodorsum with two pairs of distinct dorsal carinae; lateral carina absent; genital setae with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3. In P. foveolatus, prodorsum without dorsal carina; lateral carinae present; genital setae with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2. In addition, these two species differ from each other by different shape of sensilli. This new species is also similar to P. kugohi (Aoki, 1959), but can be easily distinguished by the following characters: In P. kugohi, lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with short spines; rostral setae semi-erect; genital setae with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them. In P. foveolatus, lateral carinae short, weakly developed, not reaching sinus; sensilli short and smooth, with narrow pedicel and rounded head; rostral setae procumbent; genital setae with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2; setae h of mentum longer than distance between them., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1959) Die Moosmilben (Oribatei) aus Sudjapan. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 21 (1), 1 - 22."]}

Plonaphacarus rotundus sp. nov. (Figs. 59���64) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 97 - 7), China: Guangdong Province, Zhaoqing City, Dinghushan National Nature Reserve (23 �� 9 ' 35.51 "N, 112 �� 33 ' 15.05 "E), from litter under Gnetum sp., 20 Oct., 1997, leg. Hui-Fu Wang. Etymology. The new specific name ��� rotundus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the rounded head of sensilli. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 256, width 165, height 95, setae: ss 38, ro 36, in 99, le 30, distance between setae: ro -ro 25, in -in 60, le -le 90; notogaster: length 445, width 299, height 287; setae: c 1 95, c 2 81, c 3 90, c p 81, d 1 90, d 2 65, e 1 98, e 2 73, h 1 100, h 2 79, h 3 57, ps 1 92, ps 2 80, ps 3 65, ps 4 55; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 105, d 1 -e 1 133, e 1 -h 1 95, h 1 -ps 1 95; ventral region: ad 1 50, ad 2 120, ad 3 40, an 1 50, an 2 50; genitoaggenital plate 117 �� 115, anoadanal plate 130 �� 85. Colour brown. Surface of body covered with concavities. Prodorsum with two pairs of distinct dorsal carinae; lateral carina absent; dorsal and lateral region invisible; posterior furrows present; sensilli short with narrow pedicel and rounded head, covered with small spines; interlamellar setae robust, erect, with blunt distal end and covered with small spines in distal half; lamellar setae short, smooth and semi-erect; rostral setae short, smooth and procumbent; exobothridial setae not observed; comparative length: in>ss>ro>le. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, moderately long (c 1 > 1 / 2 c 1 -d 1), robust, covered with small spines in distal half, setae h 1 longest, setae ps 4 shortest; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 2 much more so than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 not observed; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present, arranged in two rows with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five well-developed setae, setae ad 2 longest, setae ad 3 shortest, shorter than anal setae. Setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae d on tibiae IV long, independent of solenidions; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to P. scrupeus Niedba&lstrok;a, 1989 in having two pairs of dorsal carinae but differs by the following characters: In P. rotundus, lateral carina absent; sensilli short with narrow pedicel and round head; rostral setae procumbent. In P. scrupeus, lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and fusiform head, covered with short spines; rostral setae semi-erect., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on pages 18-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Niedbala, W. (1989) Phthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida) nouveaux de la region orientale. Annales Zoologici, 43 (1), 1 - 17."]}

Plonaphacarus lanceolatus sp. nov. (Figs. 41���49) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 52), China: Fujian Province, Wuyi Mt. (27 �� 45 ' 23.97 "N, 118 �� 2 ' 7.11 "E), Tianyou, from litter under bamboo and arbor forest, 25 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang. Paratypes: ten adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 52), same data as holotype; five adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 56), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� lanceolatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the shape of sensilli. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 330, width 215, height 108, setae: ss 120, ro 30, in 170, le 35, distance between setae: ro -ro 35, in -in 80, le -le 140; notogaster: length 660, width 458, height 435; setae: c 1 170, c 2 136, c 3 155, c p 135, d 1 140, d 2 136, e 1 155, e 2 140, h 1 195, h 2 155, h 3 125, ps 1 195, ps 2 151, ps 3 120, ps 4 105; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 182, d 1 -e 1 220, e 1 -h 1 150, h 1 -ps 1 105; ventral region: ad 1 120, ad 2 135, ad 3 55, an 1 75, an 2 75; genitoaggenital plate 220 �� 160, anoadanal plate 265 �� 120. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 274���325, width 192���240, height 103���125; notogaster: length 535���710, width 345���500, height 337���520. Colour grey-yellowish. Surface of body covered with small concavities. Prodorsum with two distinct dorsal carinae; lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; dorsal region longer than lateral region; posterior furrows present; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and lanciform head, covered with small spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, covered with small spines; lamellar and rostral setae spiniform, thin, short, rough and semi-erect; exobothridial setae vestigial; comparative length: in>ss > le>ro. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, relatively long (c 1 < c 1 -d 1), robust, covered with small spines in distal half, setae h 1 and ps 1 longest, setae ps 4 shortest; setae c 1-3 slightly remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more so than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 situated at level of setae h 1; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present, arranged in two rows with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five well-developed and rough setae, setae ad 2 longest, setae ad 3 shortest, shorter than anal setae. Setae h of mentum vestigial; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); v������ / v��� (femora I)= 2.2; setae d on femora I remote from distal end; setae a������ on tarsi I curved distally; setae a������ and setae ft������ on tarsi II straight distally; setae s on tarsi I absent; setae s on tarsi II and setae s and pv��� on tarsi IV present; setae l��� on genua IV reduced; setae d on tibiae IV long, independent of solenidions; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to P. is h ik a w a i (Aoki, 1980) and P. kugohi (Aoki, 1959) but differs by following combined characters: prodorsum with two distinct dorsal carinae; lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and lanciform head, covered with small spines; lamellar setae longer than rostral setae; exobothridial setae vestigial; setae h of mentum vestigial; genital setae with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2; setae d on femora I remote from distal end. This new species is also similar to P. bicarinatus sp. nov., and the differences between them can be seen from the remark of P. bicarinatus., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. I. The families Phthiracaridae and Oribotritiidae. Bulletin of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Yokohama National University, 6 (2), 1 - 89.","Aoki, J. (1959) Die Moosmilben (Oribatei) aus Sudjapan. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 21 (1), 1 - 22."]}

Key to species of Plonaphacarus reported from China 1 Anterodorsal part of notogaster protrudent, covering posterior part of prodorsum................................... 2 - Anterodorsal part of notogaster normal, not covering posterior part of prodorsum................................... 4 2 Frontal part of notogaster not concave in dorsal view; setae c 1 not much more longer than other notogastral setae......... 3 - Frontal part of notogaster concave in dorsal view; setae c 1 much more longer than other notogastral setae. P. concavus sp. nov. 3 Most notogastral setae short and bacilliform; prodorsum without lateral carina and posterior furrow... P. hainanensis sp. nov. - Most notogastral setae long and setiform; prodorsum with lateral carinae and posterior furrows........ P. protrusus sp. nov. 4 Prodorsum with four dorsal carinae....................................................................... 5 - Prodorsum with less than four dorsal carinae................................................................ 6 5 Sensilli long with narrow pedicel and fusiform head; lateral carinae long.......................... P. scrupeus Niedba&lstrok;a - Sensilli short with narrow pedicel and round head; lateral carinae absent........................... P. rotundus sp. nov. 6 Prodorsum without dorsal carina.......................................................................... 7 - Prodorsum with dorsal carinae............................................................................ 8 7 Lateral carinae of prodorsum long, extending beyond sinus; sensilli long; rostral setae semi-erect.......... P. kugohi (Aoki) - Lateral carinae of prodorsum short, not beyond sinus; sensilli short; rostral setae procumbent......... P. foveolatus sp. nov. 8 Prodorsum with two low dorsal carinae.................................................................... 9 - Prodorsum with one very strong crown-like crista............................................. P. cristatus sp. nov. 9 Prodorsum with two dorsal carinae; exobothridial setae vestigial............................... P. lanceolatus sp. nov. - Prodorsum without dorsal carina; exobothridial setae not vestigial.............................. P. bicarinatus sp. nov.

Plonaphacarus Niedba&lstrok;a, 1986 Hoplophthiracarus Jacot, 1933, p. 239 (partim). Plonaphacarus Niedba&lstrok;a, 1986 a, p. 77; 1986 b, p. 315; 1992, p. 139; 2000, p. 217; 2004 a, p. 75. Type species: Hoplophthiracarus eximius Niedba&lstrok;a, 1982 Diagnosis The diagnosis for Plonaphacarus is according to Niedba&lstrok;a (2004 a). Distribution. Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bengal, Bermuda, Bhutan, Brazil, Brunei, Cameroon, China, Comoro Islands, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Madagascar, Malaysia, Malawi, Mesoamerica, Mexico, Nepal, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Jacot, A. P. (1933) Phthiracarid mites of Florida. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 48, 232 - 267.","Niedbala, W. (1986 a) Systeme des Phthiracaroidea (Oribatida, Euptyctima). Acarologia, 27 (1), 61 - 84.","Niedbala, W. (1982) Phthiracaridae (Acari, Oribatida) nouveaux d'Amerique Centrale. Redia, 65, 97 - 117.","Niedbala, W. (2004 a) Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Neotropical Region. Annales Zoologici, 54 (1), 1 - 288."]}

Euphthiracarus dilatatus sp. nov. (Figs. 11���14) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, LD-07- 51), China: Hainan Province, Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Bawangling National Nature Reserve (19 ��03' 12 "N, 109 ��06' 49 "E), Dongganxian, from litter under pine tree, 1040 M, 3 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu. Etymology. The new specific name ��� dilatatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the dilated head of sensilli. Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 300, width 210, height 120, setae: ss 80, in 155, le 125, ro 80, ex 22.5, distance between setae: ro -ro 40, in -in 113, le -le 50, in -le 87, le -ro 93; notogaster: length 590, width 405, height 396; setae: c 1 125, c 2 108, c 3 95, c p 97, d 1 90, d 2 85, e 1 120, e 2 100, h 1 120, h 2 110, h 3 95, ps 1 115, ps 2 103, ps 3 95; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 175, d 1 -e 1 157, e 1 -h 1 120, h 1 -ps 1 107; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 231 �� 90, anoadanal plate 300 �� 77. Integument: Colour brown. Surface of body covered with dense foveolae, except region under lateral carinae smooth. Prodorsum: Each side with two parallel lateral carinae, upper carina stronger than lower one; bothridial scale situated below bothridium, posterior median apodeme present; sensilli short with narrow pedicel and dilated head, truncate distally and covered with robust spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, covered with spines in distal half; lamellar setae similar in shape to interlamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; rostral setae smooth, semierect, bent and flagellate distally; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>le > ss = ro>ex. Notogaster: 14 pairs of notogastral setae, relatively short, similar in shape to lamellar setae, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 not discerned; openings of opisthosomal glands and five pairs of lyrifissures present. Venter: Genital plates with nine pairs of setae, g 1-3 short and fine, located in progenital position, other setae thicker and slightly longer; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 minute, ag 2 thick and about twice as long as ag 1; three pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae present, setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Gnathosoma: Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1). Legs: Chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3 - 5 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-4 - 4 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remarks. This new species is similar to E. takahashii Aoki, 1980 in having similar shape of sensilli, but differs from the latter by following characters: setae c 1 not distinctly longer than setae d 1, less twice as long as setae d 1; posterior four genital setae not much longer than anterior ones; sensilli and rostral setae equal in length; notogastral setae sparsely barbed in distal half. This new species is also similar to E. cribarius (Berlese, 1904), but can be easily distinguished from the latter by following characters: surface of body covered with dense foveolae; sensilli short with narrow pedicel and dilated head covered with robust spines., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on page 50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24. Aoki, J. (1984) New and unrecorded oribatid mites from Amami-Ohshima Island, Southwest Japan. Zoological Science, 1 (1), 132 - 147.","Berlese, A. (1904) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2, 10 - 32."]}

Euphthiracarus longulus sp. nov. (Figs. 23���25) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 91 - 6), China: Fujian Province, Jiangle County, Longqishan Mt. (26 �� 16 ' 39 "N, 117 �� 38 ' 48 "E), from litter, 26 Jun., 1991, leg. Xiao-Mei Zhang. Etymology. The new specific name ��� longulus ��� is Latin for ���long��� and refers to the length of genital and aggenital setae. Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 200, width 147, height 70, setae: ss 80, in 90, le 66, ro 52, ex 12, distance between setae: ro -ro 34, in -in 65, le -le 32, in -le 55, le -ro 60; notogaster: length 345, width 244, height 223; setae: c 1 60, c 2 60, c 3 57, c p 65, d 1 45, d 2 45, e 1 57, h 1 60, h 2 50, h 3 50, ps 1 55, ps 2 45, ps 3 45; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 90, d 1 -e 1 100, e 1 -h 1 70, h 1 -ps 1 52; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 125 �� 70, anoadanal plate 187 �� 45. Integument: Colour yellowish. Surface of body finely punctate. Prodorsum: One pair of strong lateral carinae present; bothridial scale situated below bothridium, posterior median apodeme present; sensilli long and setiform, covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; interlamellar and lamellar setae long, robust, erect, sparsely barbed in distal half; rostral setae thin, rough, semi-erect, flagellate and directed inwards distally; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > le > ro>ex. Notogaster: 14 pairs of notogastral setae, relatively short, sparsely barbed in distal half; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1; openings of opisthosomal glands and five pairs of lyrifissures present. Venter: Genital plates with nine pairs of setae, g 1-3 short and fine, located in progenital position, g 4-6 thicker and longer, posterior three setae much longer than anterior ones; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 not shorter than g 1-5, ag 2 thick and very long, reaching level of g 8; three pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae present, setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small and sparse spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Gnathosoma: Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1). Legs: Chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3 - 4 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remarks. This new species is similar to E. aggenitalis Aoki, 1984, but differs from the latter by following characters: one pair of lateral carinae present; sensilli setiform; ag 1 longer than g 1-5; ag 2 and posterior three genital setae much longer., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680

Key to known species of Euphthiracarus from China 1 Median carina present.................................................................................. 2 - Median carina absent................................................................................... 3 2 Length of notogastral setae heterotrichous; sensilli with rounded head........................... E. flagellatus sp. nov. - Length of notogastral setae not heterotrichous; sensilli setiform, without dilated head................ E. carinatus sp. nov. 3 Prodorsum with one pair of lateral carinae................................................... E. longulus sp. nov. - Prodorsum with two pairs of lateral carinae................................................................. 4 4 Sensilli with dilated head................................................................ E. dilatatus sp. nov. - Sensilli without dilated head............................................................................. 5 5 Aggenital setae nearly equally long......................................................... E. foveolatus Aoki - Aggenital seta ag 2 much longer than ag 1.................................................................... 6 6 Length of notogastral setae heterotrichous; c 1, c 2, c 3 and c p flagellate in distal half................... E. longisetus sp. nov. - Length of notogastral setae not heterotrichous; c 1, c 2, c 3 and c p not flagellate in distal half............................. 7 7 Rostral setae short and robust, not flagellate at distal end........................................ E. aequalis sp. nov. - Rostral setae thin and relatively long, flagellate at distal end................................... E. cribarius (Berlese)

Plonaphacarus cristatus sp. nov. (Figs. 19���26) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 86), China: Hubei Province, Hefeng County (29 �� 53 ' 15.83 "N, 110 �� 1 ' 58.59 "E), from litter under broadleaf, 30 Jul., 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui. Paratypes: two adults (in alcohol, W- 89 ��� 86), same data as holotype; six adults (in alcohol, W- 89 ��� 84), same data as holotype, Fenshuiling Forestry Centre, 1300 M, from litter under broadleaf and moss; one adult (in alcohol, L-0076), China: Anhui Province, Huangshan Mt. (29 �� 42 ' 52.91 "N, 118 �� 20 ' 14.91 "E), Xihai, from litter under Indocalamus latifolius, 26 Oct., 1995, leg. Qing-Tian Li. Etymology. The new specific name ��� cristatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the strong dorsal crista of prodorsum. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 350, width 235, height 216, setae: ss 115, ro 55, in 220, le 75, ex 20, distance between setae: ro -ro 30, in -in 110, le -le 150; notogaster: length 715, width 500, height 485; setae: c 1 185, c 2 170, c 3 175, c p 140, d 1 136, d 2 100, e 1 150, e 2 125, h 1 185, h 2 155, h 3 95, ps 1 190, ps 2 160, ps 3 120, ps 4 35; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 170, d 1 -e 1 250, e 1 -h 1 150, h 1 -ps 1 130; ventral region: ad 1 140, ad 2 145, ad 3 35, an 1 75, an 2 75; genitoaggenital plate 180 �� 160, anoadanal plate 185 �� 120. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 285���435, width 196��� 316, height 145���280; notogaster: length 555���940, width 375���670, height 322���628. Colour grey-yellowish to brown. Surface of body reticulate. Prodorsum with one very strong crown-like crista, protruding in an oval shape in dorsal view and in an semicircular shape in lateral view; lateral carinae weakly developed, not reaching sinus; dorsal and lateral region invisible; posterior furrows present; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with small spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, densely covered with small spines; lamellar setae thin, relatively long, semi-erect and smooth; rostral setae thin, smooth and procumbent; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > le>ro > ex. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, long (c 1 > c 1 -d 1), robust, densely covered with small spines, setae ps 1 longest, setae ps 4 shortest; setae c 1-3 slightly remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more so than c 1 and c 3, setae c 2 situated close to c 3 and nearly situated in one row; vestigial setae f 1 and lyrifissures not observed. Nine pairs of genital setae present, arranged in two rows with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five well-developed setae, setae ad 2 longest, setae ad 3 shortest, shorter than anal setae. Setae h of mentum slightly longer than distance between them; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); v������ / v��� (femora I)= 3.25; setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae a������ on tarsi I and setae ft������ on tarsi II straight distally; setae a������ on tarsi II curved distally; setae s and pv��� on tarsi IV and setae s on tarsi I and II present; setae l��� on genua IV reduced; setae d on tibiae IV long, independent of solenidions; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. China (Hubei, Anhui). Remark. This new species is easily distinguished from other species of this genus by: prodorsum with one very strong crown-like crista; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with small spines; rostral setae procumbent; exobothridial setae not vestigial., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on pages 8-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395

Euphthiracarus aequalis sp. nov. (Figs. 1���3) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, CJ-01- 6), China: Sichuan Province, Kangding, Erdaoqiao (30 �� 6 'N, 101 �� 54 'E), from litter under shrub, 2600 M, 8 Aug., 2001, leg. Jun Chen. Paratypes: one adult (in alcohol, CJ-01- 6), same data as holotype; one adult (in alcohol, CJ-01- 10), China: Sichuan Province, Kangding, Erdaoqiao, Niuwo, from litter under birch, 2800 M, 9 Aug., 2001, leg. Jun Chen; seven adults (in alcohol, CJ-01- 12), same data as CJ-01- 10, from litter under bamboo; two adults (in alcohol, CJ-01- 13), same data as CJ-01- 10, from deadwood; eighteen adults (in alcohol, CJ-01- 51), China: Tibet, Bome, Zham Town (27 �� 59 'N, 85 �� 59 'E), from litter under pine tree, 3000 M, 23 Aug., 2001, leg. Jun Chen. Etymology. The new specific name ��� aequalis ��� is from Latin, and refers to the equal length of genital setae. Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 380, width 245, height 155, setae: ss 155, in 160, le 90, ro 80, ex 50, distance between setae: ro -ro 70, in -in 115, le -le 55, in -le 135, le -ro 100; notogaster: length 795, width 485, height 500; setae: c 1 128, c 2 115, c 3 95, c p 95, d 1 105, d 2 85, e 1 110, e 2 100, h 1 128, h 2 115, h 3 100, ps 1 130, ps 2 100, ps 3 100; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 165, d 1 -e 1 195, e 1 -h 1 185, h 1 -ps 1 180; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 325 �� 125, anoadanal plate 355 �� 105. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 310���380, width 230���260, height 120���160; notogaster: length 600���820, width 375���600, height 340���506; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 335 �� 120, anoadanal plate 368 �� 110. Integument: Colour yellowish to tan. Surface of body covered with distinct foveolae, especially dense on dorsal region of prodorsum. Prodorsum: Two parallel lateral carinae present on each side, upper carina stronger than lower one; bothridial scale situated below bothridium, posterior median apodeme present; sensilli long and setiform, sparsely barbed in distal half; interlamellar, lamellar and rostral setae robust, covered with small spines in distal half; interlamellar setae erect, lamellar setae semi-erect, rostral setae short, spiniform and curved; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > le > ro>ex. Notogaster: 14 pairs of notogastral setae, bacilliform, relatively short, similar in shape to interlamellar setae, covered with small spines in distal half; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located below setae h 1; openings of opisthosomal glands and five pairs of lyrifissures present. Venter: Genital plates with eight or nine pairs of short setae, nearly equal in length, g 1-3 fine, located in progenital position, other setae thick; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 short, ag 2 thick and about three times as long as ag 1; three pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae present, setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Gnathosoma: Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1). Legs: Chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3 - 5 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-4 - 3 (1)- 4 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. China (Sichuan, Tibet). Remarks. This new species is similar to E. cribarius (Berlese, 1904), but differs from the latter by following characters: In E. aequalis, surface of body covered with distinct foveolae, especially dense on dorsal region of prodorsum; rostral setae short and robust, barbed but not flagellate in distal half; ag 2 about three times as long as ag 1. In E. cribarius, surface of body punctuate; rostral setae thin and relatively long, rough and flagellate at distal end; ag 2 more than four times as long as ag 1., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680, {"references":["Berlese, A. (1904) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2, 10 - 32."]}

Plonaphacarus scrupeus Niedba&lstrok;a, 1989 (Figs. 73���81) Plonaphacarus scrupeus Niedba&lstrok;a, 1989, 1992, 2000. Material examined. China: Guangdong Province, Zhaoqing City, Dinghushan National Nature Reserve (23 �� 9 ' 35.51 "N, 112 �� 33 ' 15.05 "E): two adults (in alcohol, W- 97 - 7), from litter of Gnetum parvifolium, 20 Oct., 1997, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; four adults (in alcohol, W- 97 - 3), from litter under banyan, 21 Oct., 1997, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; three adults (in alcohol, W- 96 - 6), from litter, Mar., 1996, leg. Jian-Quan Lu; five adults (in alcohol, W- 97 - 6), from litter under broadleaf forest, 21, Oct., 1997, leg. Hui-Fu Wang. Newly recorded from China. Measurements of adults: Prodorsum: length 265���355, width 180���250, height 94���145, setae: ss 100, ro 30, in 184, le 25, distance between setae: ro -ro 36, in -in 75, le -le 150; notogaster: length 480���690, width 305���492, height 290���500; setae: c 1 185, c 2 180, c 3 180, c p 170, d 1 165, d 2 155, e 1 170, e 2 160, h 1 180, h 2 170, h 3 141, ps 1 185, ps 2 166, ps 3 145, ps 4 126; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 190, d 1 -e 1 242, e 1 -h 1 190, h 1 -ps 1 120; ventral region: ad 1 115, ad 2 190, ad 3 75, an 1 90, an 2 90; genitoaggenital plate 190 �� 152, anoadanal plate 247 �� 110. Surface of body covered with concavities. Prodorsum with four robust dorsal carinae; lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; dorsal and lateral region indistinct; posterior furrows absent; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and fusiform head, covered with short spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, sparsely barbed; lamellar and rostral setae spiniform, short, rough and semi-erect; exobothridial setae vestigial; comparative length: in>ss > ro > le. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, relatively long (c 1 < c 1 -d 1), robust, sparsely barbed; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five rough and well-developed setae. Setae h of mentum vestigial; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); setae d on femora I situated far from end of article; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. China (Guangdong), Vietnam., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Niedbala, W. (1989) Phthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida) nouveaux de la region orientale. Annales Zoologici, 43 (1), 1 - 17.","Niedbala, W. (1992) Phthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida). Systematic Studies. PWN-Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa., 612 pp.","Niedbala, W. (2000) The ptyctimous mites fauna of the Oriental and Australian Regions and their centres of origin (Acari: Oribatida). Genus, supplement, 1 - 493."]}

Euphthiracarus Ewing, 1917 Euphthiracarus Ewing, 1917: 125; Jacot, 1930: 248; M��rkel, 1964: 63; Walker, 1965: 37; Aoki, 1980: 10; Balogh & Mahunka, 1983: 174; Marshall, Reeves & Norton, 1987: 69; Mahunka, 1990: 59; Niedba&lstrok;a, 1998: 70; 2000: 135; 2001 a, 299; 2001 b: 86; 2002: 44; 2004: 39; 2006: 18. Pseudotritia Willmann, 1919: 552; M��rkel & Meyer, 1959: 329; M��rkel, 1964: 55. Euphthiracarus (Euphthiracarus) M��rkel, 1964: 66. Euphthiracarus (Brasiliotritia) M��rkel, 1964: 66; Mahunka, 1990: 59; Niedba&lstrok;a, 2004, 39. Pocsia Mahunka, 1983: 155. Euphthiracarus (Pocsia): Niedba&lstrok;a, 1998: 51. Niedbalaia Mahunka, 1999: 74; Niedba&lstrok;a, 2001 b: 86. Type species: Phthiracarus flavus Ewing, 1908 Diagnosis. The diagnosis for Euphthiracarus is mainly according to Niedba&lstrok;a (2006), except one modification: median carina present or absent. Distribution. Cosmopolitan distribution except Antarctic region., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680, {"references":["Ewing, H. E. (1917) A synopsis of the genera of beetle mites with special reference to the North. American fauna. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 10 (2), 117 - 132.","Jacot, A. P. (1930) Oribatid mites of the subfamily Phthiracarinae of the northeastern United States. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 39, 209 - 261.","Markel, K. (1964) Die Euphthiracaridae Jacot, 1930, und ihre Gattungen (Acari, Oribatei). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 67, 1 - 78.","Walker, N. A. (1965) Euphthiracaroidea of California sequoia litter: with a reclassification of the families and genera of the world (Acarina: Oribatei). Fort Hays Studies - New Series, Science Series, 3, 1 - 154.","Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24. Aoki, J. (1984) New and unrecorded oribatid mites from Amami-Ohshima Island, Southwest Japan. Zoological Science, 1 (1), 132 - 147.","Balogh, J. & Mahunka, S. (1983) Primitive oribatids of the Palearctic Region. In: Balogh, J. & Mahunka, S. (Eds.), The Soil Mites of the World I. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 1 - 372.","Marshall, V. G., Reeves, R. M. & Norton, R. A. (1987) Catalogue of the Oribatida (Acari) of continental United States and Canada. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 139, 1 - 418.","Mahunka, S. (1990) A survey of the superfamily Euphthiracaroidea Jacot, 1930 (Acari: Oribatida). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 51, 37 - 80.","Niedbala, W. (1998) Ptyctimous mites of the Ethiopian Region. 1. Euphthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida). Journal of African Zoology, 112 (1), 15 - 75.","Willmann, C. (1919) Diagnosen einiger neuen Oribatiden aus der Umgegend Bremens. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, 24, 552 - 554.","Markel, K. & Meyer, I. (1959) To the systematics of the German Euphthhiracarini (Acari, Oribatei). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 163 (9 / 10), 327 - 342.","Niedbala, W. (2004) Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Neotropical Region. Annales Zoologici, 54 (1), 1 - 288.","Mahunka, S. (1999) Ptychoid oribatids from Madagascar (Acari: Oribatida). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 60, 69 - 82.","Niedbala, W. (2001 b) Study on the diversity of ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) and quest for centres of its origin: the fauna of the Ethiopian Region. Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum, 3, 1 - 245.","Ewing, H. E. (1908) Two new species of the genus Phthiracarus. Entomological News, 19, 449 - 451.","Niedbala, W. (2006) Ptyctimous mites (Acari: Oribatida) of South Africa. Annales Zoologici, 56 (Supplement 1), 1 - 97."]}

Euphthiracarus carinatus sp. nov. (Figs. 4���10) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, LD-07- 149), China: Guizhou Province, Hezhang County, Jiucaiping (26 �� 50 'N, 104 �� 41 'E), from litter, 18 Nov., 2007, leg. Wei Wei. Paratype: one adult (in alcohol, LD-07- 149), same data as holotype. Etymology. The new specific name ��� carinatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the dorsal carinae of prodorsum. Measurements. Holotype: Prodorsum: length 382, width 255, height 150, setae: ss 150, in 210, le 165, ro 167, ex 44, distance between setae: ro -ro 45, in -in 130, le -le 55, in -le 85, le -ro 80; notogaster: length 770, width 520, height 470; setae: c 1 185, c 2 185, c 3 162, c p 145, d 1 100, d 2 95, e 2 115, h 1 185, h 2 155, h 3 110, ps 1 200, ps 2 120, ps 3 103; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 225, d 1 -e 1 218, e 1 -h 1 170, h 1 -ps 1 168; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 330 �� 110, anoadanal plate 376 �� 100. Paratype: Prodorsum: length 390, width 256, height 173; notogaster: length 780, width 510, height 490; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 335 �� 125, anoadanal plate 357 �� 110. Integument: Colour brown. Surface of body covered with dense foveolae, except lateral region of prodorsum. Prodorsum: Structure of anterior third of prodorsum variable: in holotype, prodorsum with a low and unpaired median carina, two pairs of short longitudinal ridges placed laterally, not reaching level of rostral setae; in paratype, prodorsum with one pair of short median carinae, not extending to level of rostral setae, one pair of longitudinal ridges placed laterally, reaching level of rostral setae. Two pairs of parallel lateral carinae present, upper carina stronger than lower one; bothridial scale situated below bothridium, posterior median apodeme present; sensilli long and setiform, sparsely barbed in distal half; interlamellar and lamellar setae long, erect, covered with small spines in distal half; rostral setae long, rough, semi-erect, thinner than lamellar setae, bent and flagellate distally; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in > ro>le > ss > ex. Notogaster: 14 pairs of notogastral setae, relatively short, similar in shape to interlamellar setae, covered with small spines in distal half; setae c 1-3 remote from anterior border, setae c 1 slightly more so than setae c 2 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 located below setae h 1; openings of opisthosomal glands and five pairs of lyrifissures present. Venter: Genital plates with nine pairs of setae, g 1-5 short and fine, among which g 1-3 located in progenital position, g 6-9 longer and thicker; two pairs of short aggenital setae present, spiniform, nearly equal in length; three pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae present, setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Gnathosoma: Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1). Legs: Chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-2 - 4 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remarks. This new species is similar to E. foveolatus Aoki, 1980 in having equally long aggenital setae, but differs from the latter by following characters: prodorsum with dorsal carinae; rostral setae thinner and longer and flagellate distally; upper one of lateral carinae strong and regular, not wavelike. This new species is also similar to E. humeralis Norton & Metz, 1977 in having similar dorsal carinae, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by following characters: prodorsum with two pairs of distinct lateral carinae, upper one strong and regular, not wavelike; rostral setae longer; interlamellar, lamellar and notogastral setae sparsely barbed; notogaster without humeral projection., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. II. The family Euphthiracaridae. Acta Arachnologica, 39 (1), 9 - 24. Aoki, J. (1984) New and unrecorded oribatid mites from Amami-Ohshima Island, Southwest Japan. Zoological Science, 1 (1), 132 - 147.","Norton, R. A. & Metz, L. J. (1977) Euphthiracarus humeralis n. sp. (Acarina: Oribatei) from central North Carolina. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 12 (1), 52 - 56."]}

Plonaphacarus kugohi (Aoki, 1959) (Figs. 65���72) Hoplophthiracarus kugohi Aoki, 1959 Hoplophthiracarus siamensis Aoki, 1965 Hoplophthiracarus kugohi siamensis Aoki, 1980 Hoplophthiracarus wittmeri Bayoumi & Mahunka, 1979 Hoplophthiracarus africanus Mahunka, 1984 Hoplophthiracarus rimosus Mahunka, 1985 Hoplophthiracarus minor Mahunka, 1991 Hoplophthiracarus (Plonaphacarus) yoshii Mahunka, 1991 Plonaphacarus kugohi: Niedbala, 1986 b, 1998, 2000, 2001a, b, 2002 a, b, 2003, 2004a, b, 2006, 2007; Niedba&lstrok;a & Schatz, 1996; Niedba&lstrok;a & Corpuz-Raros, 1998; Aoki, 1995; Wen, 1990; Wang, Hu & Yin, 2000. Material examined. China: Beijing (39 �� 54 ' 29.42 "N, 116 �� 23 ' 52.61 "E): Xishan, four adults (in alcohol, Yao- 31), from litter, 1 Sep., 1981, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; Campus of Peking University Health Science Center, three adults (in alcohol, Yao- 35), from litter, 10 Sep., 1981, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; one adult (in alcohol, Yao- 36), same data as Yao- 35; Beijing Badachu Park, one adult (in alcohol, Jing- 126), from litter, 19 Sep., 1985, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Yuan Ming Yuan Park, 15 adults (in alcohol, W- 88 - 53), from litter under poplar, 26 May, 1988, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Beijing Academy of Forestry, two adults (in alcohol, T0034), from litter, 26 Sep., 1995, leg. Qing-Tian Li; Wufeng, two adults (in alcohol), from litter under shrub, 30 Apr., 1996; Baiwangshan Park, six adults (in alcohol, CJ-07- 28), from litter under pine and shrub, 21 Jul., 2007, leg. Jun Chen and Dong Liu; Fangshan District, Yunshuidong, one adult (in alcohol, W- 89-134), from litter, 30 Aug., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang and Xiao-Li Chen; four adults (in alcohol), from litter in cypress, 30 Aug., 1989; one adult (in alcohol, W- 89-141), same data as W- 89-134; one adult (in alcohol, W- 89-145), same data as W- 89-134; Changping District, two adults (in alcohol, W- 88 - 42), from bark of deadwood, 19 Oct., 1988, leg. Hui-Fu Wang, Xue-Zhong Zhang and Cen-Xuan Pan; one adult (in alcohol, W- 90 - 90), from litter under broadleaf and grass, 31 May, 1990, leg. Yue-Ling Liang; Sanpu, four adults (in alcohol, CJ- 02- 10), from litter, 24 Apr., 2002, leg. Jun Chen, one adult (in alcohol, L-0015), from litter under grass, 27 Jul., 1995; Nankou, two adults (in alcohol, CJ-02- 80), from litter under shrub, 19 Oct., 2002, leg. Jun Chen; four adults (in alcohol, CJ-02- 84), same data as CJ-02- 80; Yanqing District, one adult (in alcohol, W- 90-114), from litter under stone, May, 1990, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; two adults (in alcohol, W- 90-115), from litter, same data as W- 90-114; Hanjiachuan, two adults (in alcohol, W- 90-118), from litter, same data as W- 90-114; Huairou District, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, eight adults (in alcohol, CJ-02- 36), from litter under cypress, 25 May, 2002, leg. Jun Chen; Hongluosi Temple, two adults (in alcohol, CJ-07- 23), from litter under pine, 19 Jul., 2007, leg. Yan Deng; Miyun District, Shicheng, Jiudaowan, one adult (in alcohol, CJ-05- 5), from litter under shrub, 13 May, 2005, leg. Jun Chen; one adult (in alcohol, CJ-05- 6), same data as CJ-05- 5. China: Fujian Province: Wuyi Mt. (27 �� 38 ' 54.78 "N, 117 �� 58 ' 48.58 "E), Tianyou, one adult (in alcohol, Wu-Y- 74), from litter, 11 Aug., 1983, leg. Hui- Fu Wang and Xiao-Mei Zhang; 13 adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 52), from litter under bamboo and arbor, 25 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Dawangfeng, one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 11), from litter under defoliation nearby ghyll, 24 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; four adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 13), from litter under shrub, same data as W- 89 - 11; Yunwo, one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 46), from litter, 25 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 48), from litter under fir, same data as W- 89 - 46; Zhangpu County (24 �� 7 ' 1.69 "N, 117 �� 36 ' 49.74 "E), Dafengshan Mt. Forestry Centre, one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 58), from litter under bamboo and eucalypt, 7 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 60), from litter, same data as W- 89 - 58; one adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 66), from litter under Pinus massoniana, 12 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; Liancheng County (25 �� 42 ' 40.25 "N, 116 �� 45 ' 21.92 "E), Quxi, Meihuashan Mt., two adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 73), from litter, 25 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; Shaowu City (27 �� 20 ' 26.41 "N, 117 �� 29 ' 33.54 "E), one adult (in alcohol), from litter, 22 Nov., 1995; Pucheng County (27 �� 55 ' 2.26 "N, 118 �� 32 ' 28.45 "E), one adult (in alcohol), from bark of Fagaceae, 30 Jul., 1995, leg. Qing-Hai Fan; Fuzhou City (26 �� 4 ' 27.43 "N, 119 �� 17 ' 47.68 "E), two adults (in alcohol), from litter, 26 Aug., 1995, Qing-Hai Fan; Campus of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, two adults (in alcohol), from moss, 26 Aug., 1995, Qing- Hai Fan; Xiamen City (24 �� 28 ' 46.61 "N, 118 �� 5 ' 21.80 "E), Xiamen Arboretum, one adult (in alcohol, CJ-07- 95), from litter under broadleaf, 28, Sep., 2007, leg. Jun Chen; China: Hainan Province: Dongfang City, Datian National Nature Reserve (19 ��06'36.0"N, 108 �� 47 ' 36.2 "E), one adult (in alcohol, LD-07- 55), from litter under deadwood, 70 M, 5 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu; Datian Village, five adults (in alcohol, LD-07- 58), from litter under arbor, 144 M, 6 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu; 11 adults (in alcohol, LD-07- 60), from litter under banyan, same data as LD- 07- 58; Ledong Li Autonomous County, Jianfengling National Forest Park (18 �� 41 ' 48.4 "N, 108 �� 47 '18.0"E), two adults (in alcohol, W- 89-157), from litter, 13 Dec., 1983, leg. Chong-Zhou Zhang; Institute of Subtropical Forestry, one adult (in alcohol, LD-07- 67) from litter under Cycadaceae, 7 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu. China: Sichuan Province: Yaan City (29 �� 58 ' 49.85 "N, 103 �� 0' 47.39 "E), one adult (in alcohol, W- 90 - 22), from litter, 600 M, 24 Jun., 1990, Fu-Sheng Huang; one adult (in alcohol, W- 90 - 32), 20 Jun., 1990, same data as W- 90 - 22; nine adults (in alcohol, W- 90 - 43), same data as W- 90 - 22. China: Chongqing City (29 �� 33 ' 17.69 "N, 106 �� 32 ' 54.33 "E), one adult (in alcohol, Yao- 1), 7 Apr., 1986, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; South-Western University, one adult (in alcohol, Chuan-S- 84), from litter, 3 Jul., 1985, leg. Xiao-Mei Zhang; six adults (in alcohol), from moss, 21 Jun., 1995, leg. Chen-Xi Zhou; Youyang County (28 �� 50 ' 20.96 "N, 108 �� 45 ' 51.10 "E), five adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 82), from litter under moss, 680 M, 15 Jul., 1989, 680 M, Yun-Qi Cui. Measurements of adults: Prodorsum: length 230���255, width 170���195, height 90���125, setae: ss 80���85, ro 40��� 43, in 110���115, le 25���30, ex 10, distance between setae: ro -ro 30���35, in -in 50���70, le -le 90���120; notogaster: length 370���485, width 310���375, height 290���380; setae: c 1 110, c 2 80, c 3 100, c p 100, d 1 75, d 2 65, e 1 95, e 2 75, h 1 100, h 2 75, h 3 75, ps 1 90, ps 2 80, ps 3 60, ps 4 75; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 155, d 1 -e 1 180, e 1 -h 1 115, h 1 -ps 1 105; ventral region: ad 1 90, ad 2 100, ad 3 55, an 1 65, an 2 65; genitoaggenital plate 150 �� 110, anoadanal plate 215 �� 100. Surface of body covered with small concavities. Lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; dorsal and lateral region distinct; posterior furrows present; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with short spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, barbed in distal half; lamellar and rostral setae spiniform, short, rough and semi-erect; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > ro > le>ex. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, medium long (c 1 < c 1 -d 1), robust, barbed in distal half; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five rough and well-developed setae. Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); v������ / v��� (femora I)= 2.17; setae d on femora I situated far from distal end of article; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. China (Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Hainan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Sichuan, Taiwan), cosmopolitan distribution except Europe., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1959) Die Moosmilben (Oribatei) aus Sudjapan. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 21 (1), 1 - 22.","Aoki, J. (1965) Oribatiden (Acarina) Thailands. I. Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, 4, 129 - 193.","Aoki, J. (1980) A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. I. The families Phthiracaridae and Oribotritiidae. Bulletin of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Yokohama National University, 6 (2), 1 - 89.","Bayoumi, B. M. & Mahunka, S. (1979) Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des naturhistorischen museums in Basel, Acari: Oribatida (Part I.). Entomologica Basiliensia, 4, 13 - 30.","Mahunka, S. (1985) Neue und interessante Milben aus dem Genfer Museum LIV. Oribatids from South India I (Acari: Oribatida). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 92 (2), 367 - 383.","Niedbala, W. (1986 b) Catalogue des Phthiracaroidea (Acari), clef pour la determination des especes et descriptions d'especes nouvelles. Annales Zoologici, 40 (4), 309 - 370.","Niedbala, W. & Schatz, H. (1996) Euptyctimous mites from the Galapagos Islands, Cocos Island, and Central America (Acari: Oribatida). Genus, 7 (2), 239 - 317.","Niedbala, W. & Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (1998) Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) from the Philippines. The Philippine Agriculturist, 81 (1 - 2), 1 - 58.","Aoki, J. (1995) Oribatid mites of high altitude forests of Taiwan II. Mt. Nan-hu-ta Shan. Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology, 4, 123 - 130.","Wen, Z. G. (1990) Preliminary investigation of soil oribatid mites in Jilin Province. Journal of Northeast Normal University, Supplement 1, 115 - 124.","Wang, H. F., Hu, S. H. & Yin, S. G. (2000) The oribatid fauna and distribution in different zones in China. In: Yin, W. Y. et al. (Eds.), Soil Animals of China. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 251 - 265. (In Chinese)."]}

Euphthiracarus cribrarius (Berlese, 1904) (Figs. 26���29) Phthiracarus cribrarius Berlese, 1904: 23; Bernini, 1969: 391. Euphthiracarus cribrarius: Grandjean, 1967: 250; Niedba&lstrok;a, 1993: 45; 2001 a: 299; 2008: 120. Euphthiracarus (Euphthiracarus) cribarius: Niedba&lstrok;a, 2000: 139. (misspelling) Material examined. Five adults (in alcohol, T0160), China: Shaanxi Province, Foping County (33 �� 31 ' 28 "N, 107 �� 59 ' 19 "E), south slope of Qinling Mt., Daoliushui, from litter under bamboo, 17 Nov., 1995, leg. Zhi-Gao Zeng. New record for China. Measurements. Prodorsum: length 359���362, width 240���249, height 124���139, setae: ss 148, in 180, le 110, ro 100, ex 34, distance between setae: ro -ro 65, in -in 107, le -le 50, in -le 118, le -ro 70; notogaster: length 741���760, width 440���510, height 430���479; setae: c 1 150, c 2 140, c 3 100, c p 100, d 1 100, d 2 90, e 1 120, e 2 100, h 1 150, h 2 125, h 3 95, ps 1 150, ps 2 120, ps 3 95; distance between setae: c 1 -d 1 190, d 1 -e 1 200, e 1 -h 1 165, h 1 -ps 1 115; ventral region: genitoaggenital plate 310 �� 110, anoadanal plate 335 �� 60. Description. Surface of body punctate. Prodorsum with two parallel lateral carinae on each side, upper carina stronger; sensilli long and setiform, sparsely barbed in distal half; interlamellar and lamellar setae robust, erect, covered with small spines in distal half; rostral setae rough, semi-erect, thinner than lamellar setae, curved and flagellate at distal end; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss > le > ro>ex. Notogaster with 14 pairs of setae, covered with small spines in distal half; vestigial setae f 1 located anteriorly of setae h 1. Genital plates with nine pairs of setae, g 1-3 fine, located in progenital position, other setae thick and slightly long; two pairs of aggenital setae present, ag 1 minute, ag 2 thick and more than four times as long as ag 1; three pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae present, setae an 1 and an 2 smooth and flagellate at distal end, setae an 3 and adanal setae shorter, robust and covered with small spines in distal half; lyrifissures iad situated between setae an 3 and ad 3. Setae h of mentum longer than distance between them; palps three-segmented with setal formula: 2 - 2-8 (1). Chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-2 - 4 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 3 (1)- 5 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 2 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1 (1)- 2 (1); all legs heterotridactylous. Distribution. China (Shaanxi), Holarctic Region., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Species of Euphthiracarus (Acari: Oribatida: Euphthiracaridae) from China, pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2752 on page 57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276680, {"references":["Berlese, A. (1904) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2, 10 - 32.","Bernini, F. (1969) Notulae oribatologicae. I. Contributo alla conoscenza degli Oribatei (Acarida) della Pineta di S. Vitale (Ravenna). Redia, 51, 329 - 375.","Grandjean, F. (1967) Nouvelles Observations sur les Oribates (5 e serie). Acarologia, 9, 242 - 272.","Niedbala, W. (1993) Revision of oribatid mites from Berlese's collection. III. Redescription of species from Mesoplophoroidea and Euphthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida). Genus, 4 (1), 41 - 58.","Niedbala, W. (2000) The ptyctimous mites fauna of the Oriental and Australian Regions and their centres of origin (Acari: Oribatida). Genus, supplement, 1 - 493."]}

Plonaphacarus bicarinatus sp. nov. (Figs. 1���9) Material examined. Holotype: adult (in alcohol, H 9405 L 2 a), China: Hainan Province, Jianfengling National Forest Park (18 �� 41 ' 48.4 "N, 108 �� 47 '18.0"E), from litter, May, 1994, leg. Chong-Hui Liao. Paratypes: ten adults (in alcohol, H 9403 L 1 b), same data as holotype, Mar., 1994; one adult (in alcohol, H 9403 L 1 a), same data as holotype, Mar., 1994; two adults (in alcohol, H 9312 L 4 a), same data as holotype, Dec., 1993. Etymology. The new specific name ��� bicarinatus ��� is from Latin, and refers to the two dorsal carinae on prodorsum. Measurements: Holotype: Prodorsum: length 242, width 170, height 105, setae: ss 55, ro 40, in 55, le 20, ex 12, distance between setae: ro -ro 15, in -in 60, le -le 100; notogaster: length 486, width 300, height 295; setae: c 1 50, c 2 40, c 3 45, c p 40, d 1 50, d 2 40, e 1 55, e 2 50, h 1 55, h 2 55, h 3 35, ps 1 45, ps 2 45, ps 3 35, ps 4 29; distance between setae: c 1 - d 1 100, d 1 -e 1 160, e 1 -h 1 130, h 1 -ps 1 95; ventral region: ad 1 60, ad 2 80, ad 3 24, an 1 45, an 2 45; genitoaggenital plate 125 �� 110, anoadanal plate 145 �� 90. Paratypes: Prodorsum: length 205���255, width 155���190, height 85���115; notogaster: length 380���540, width 255���365, height 200���360. Colour yellowish to brown. Surface of body covered with concavities. Prodorsum with two low dorsal carinae; lateral carinae weakly developed, not reaching sinus; dorsal and lateral region distinct; posterior furrows present; sensilli relatively short with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with short spines; interlamellar setae bacilliform, short, robust, semi-erect, densely barbed in distal half; lamellar setae spiniform, thin, short, rough and semi-erect; rostral setae spiniform, rough and procumbent, thicker and longer than lamellar setae; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in=ss > ro > le>ex. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, bacilliform, fairly short (c 1 < c 1 -d 1), robust, densely covered with small spines in distal half, setae e 1, h 1 and h 2 longest, setae ps 4 shortest; setae c 1-3 slightly remote from anterior border, setae c 2 more so than c 1 and c 3; vestigial setae f 1 not observed; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present, arranged in two rows with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five rough setae, setae ad 1 and ad 2 longer and thicker than anal setae, setae ad 2 longest, setae ad 3 shortest, shorter and thinner than anal setae. Setae h of mentum slightly longer than distance between them; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4 - 2 (2)- 5 (1); II: 1-3 - 2 (1)- 3 (1), III: 2 - 2 - 1 (1)- 2 (1), IV: 2 - 1 - 1-2 (1); v������ / v��� (femora I)= 2.67; setae d on femora I situated near distal end of article; setae a������ on tarsi I and setae ft������ on tarsi II straight distally; setae a������ on tarsi II curved distally; setae s and pv��� on tarsi IV present; setae s on tarsi I and II absent; setae l��� on genua IV reduced; setae d on tibiae IV long, independent of solenidions; all legs monodactylous. Distribution. Known only from type locality. Remark. This new species is similar to P. kugohi (Aoki, 1959) but differs from the latter species by following characters: In P. bicarinatus, prodorsum with two low dorsal carinae; sensilli relatively short; interlamellar setae bacilliform, short, semi-erect, densely barbed in distal half; rostral setae procumbent; notogastral setae short and bacilliform; setae h of mentum slightly longer than distance between them. In P. kugohi, prodorsum without dorsal carina; sensilli long; interlamellar setae long, erect and setiform; rostral setae semi-erect and smooth; notogastral setae relatively long and setiform; setae h of mentum minute. This new species is also similar to P. lanceolatus sp. nov. in having two dorsal carinae, but can be easily distinguished by following characters: In P. bicarinatus, sensilli relatively short with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head; lateral carinae weakly developed, not reaching sinus; interlamellar setae bacilliform, short, semi-erect, densely barbed in distal half; rostral setae procumbent; notogastral setae short and bacilliform; setae h of mentum slightly longer than distance between them; genital setae with formula: 6 (4 + 2): 3. In P. lanceolatus sp. nov., sensilli long with narrow pedicel and lanciform head; lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; interlamellar setae setiform, long, erect, covered with small spines; rostral setae semi-erect; notogastral setae relatively long and setiform; setae h of mentum vestigial; genital setae with formula: 7 (4 + 3): 2., Published as part of Liu, Dong, Wu, Donghui & Chen, Jun, 2011, Review of Plonaphacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Steganacaridae), with descriptions of eight new species from China, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2739 on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201395, {"references":["Aoki, J. (1959) Die Moosmilben (Oribatei) aus Sudjapan. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 21 (1), 1 - 22."]}