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This essay reviews the following works: The Cambridge History of Religions in Latin America. Edited by Virginia Garrard-Burnett, Paul Freston, and Stephen C. Dove. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp. xii + 830. $250.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780521767330. Native Evangelism in Central Mexico. By Hugo G. Nutini and Jean F. Nutini. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2014. Pp. vii + 197. $55.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780292744127. New Centers of Global Evangelicalism in Latin America and Africa. By Stephen Offutt. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Pp. viii + 192. $80.18 hardcover. ISBN: 9781107078321. The Roots of Pope Francis’s Social and Political Thought: From Argentina to the Vatican. By Thomas R. Rourke. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2016. Pp. vii + 220. $80.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781442272712.

Utilizando datos de orden textual, paleográfico, codicológico e histórico se examina en primer lugar la historia del manuscrito platónico Escur. Ψ I 1 desde su confección en Corfú a cargo de Demetrio Triboles en 1461-1462 hasta su adquisición por parte de Antonio Agustín a mediados del s. XVI. Tras analizar las fuentes textuales del códice y la dinámica de la copia, se concluye, a través del examen de los inventarios de la Biblioteca Vaticana, que el manuscrito formó parte de los fondos de esa biblioteca hasta el Saco de Roma de 1527. Se demuestra asimismo que otro códice platónico conservado en El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, procede también de la Biblioteca Vaticana, de donde desapareció igualmente con motivo del Saco antes de ser adquirido por Juan Páez de Castro. Se intenta además demostrar que tanto el Escur. Ψ I 1 como el Escur. y I 13 formaban parte de los fondos de la Vaticana ya desde 1475. Basing on textual, palaeographic, codicological and historic evidence, this paper firstly examines the history of the Platonic manuscript Escur. Ψ I 1 since its making in Corfu by Demetrios Triboles in 1461-62 till its purchase by Antonio Agustín in the middle of the 16th century. The textual sources of this codex and the copying process are also analysed. The conclusion reached through the examination of inventories in the Vatican Library is that the manuscript belonged to that library till the Sack of Rome in 1527. Secondly, this paper proves that another Platonic codex kept in El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, comes as well from the Vatican Library, from where it disappeared on the occasion of the Sack, and was later purchased by Juan Páez de Castro. Additionally, an attempt is made to prove that both Escur. Ψ I 1 and Escur. y I 13 belonged to the Vatican Library as early as 1475.

La acción diplomática y política de los cardenales Francesco y Troiano Acquaviva d’Aragona se inserta, por su importancia y originalidad, en las relaciones entre el Papado y las monarquías borbónicas de España y Nápoles durante la primera mitad del Setecientos. Cardenales embajadores de Felipe V y Carlos III de Borbón en Roma y protectores de sus coronas en la Santa Sede, desarrollaron al más alto nivel —tanto italiano como europeo— las tradicionales carreras curiales de las familias de potentados meridionales. La obra de ambos purpurados, entrelazada con los intereses de la Iglesia y de la Casa de Borbón, se relacionó estrechamente con la salvaguardia del “Estado de Atri”, en el Abruzzo, uno de los mayores feudos del reino de Nápoles. Esto tuvo lugar merced a la estrecha correspondiencia con sus duques, Giovan Girolano II Acquaviva y Domenico Acquaviva, con lo que pudieron asegurar su titularidad y dominio pese a las problemáticas suscitadas por su posicionamiento filoborbónico tras la muerte de Carlos II de España.

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie jednej z najważniejszych ksiąg liturgicznych, wydanych na ziemiach polskich po Soborze Trydenckim (1545–1563) – Rytuału Piotrkowskiego. Wzorem tej księgi był wydany w 1614 r. Rituale Romanum, rozesłany przez Stolicę Apostolską do wszystkich zakątów ówczesnego świata. Zawierał on zarówno obrzędy, jak i rubryki słu­żące kapłanom do sprawowania liturgii sakramentów oraz sakramentaliów. Rytuał ten został nazwany „Piotrkowskim” ze względu na podjętą decyzję synodu obradującego w Piotrkowie (Trybunalskim) w 1621 r.

espanolSe da noticia de los principales documentos y actos juridicos dados en el ano 2020 por el Romano Pontifice y los distintos dicasterios de la curia romana, asi como de los acuerdos internacionales suscritos por la Santa Sede. Tambien se hace referencia a la actividad canonica en el ambito de la Conferencia Episcopal Espanola. EnglishThe main documents and legal texts issued by the Pope in 2020 and the various dicasteries of the Roman Curia, as well as internationalagreements signed by the Holy See, are outlined. Canon law actions within the purview of the Spanish Episcopal Conference are also described.

The article analyses the Resurrection of Christ, a fresco commissioned from Pinturicchio by Pope Alexander VI in 1492 as part of his project to renovate the Borgia Apartments in the Vatican. The an...

This paper, accompanied by the edition of fifteen letters addressed by Angelo Mai Prefect of the Vatican Library to the Benedictine monk Ottavio Fraja Frangipane Prefect of the Montecassino Archive...

Paolo Sorrentino called his series The Young Pope “a thriller of the soul.” In this religio-political drama, Sorrentino explores the fortune of the Catholic Church were a young, intransigent, irritable American cardinal elected pope. Building his story line around the life of Christ, with intertextual citations to the New Testament and visual allusions to Christian art and Jesus movies, Sorrentino offers a twenty-first-century gospel to remind the viewer that the gospel is not only about tolerance. By presenting his young pope as the returned Christ, and not as a Christ figure, he shows that conservatism is equally present with liberalism in its message.

RESUMEN La embajada a Polonia del Almirante de Aragon de 1597 supuso un punto de inflexion en las relaciones entre la Monarquia Hispana y la corona de Polonia-Lituania. La dificil eleccion de Segismundo III como rey en 1587 no fue reconocida por Felipe II, quien durante anos siguio apoyando a su sobrino, el archiduque Maximiliano, en sus aspiraciones al trono polaco. Sin embargo, a partir de 1596 y por influjo de la diplomacia papal, las dos cortes iniciaron un progresivo acercamiento, que culmino con esta embajada. En este articulo describimos algunos aspectos de la mision, centrando nuestra atencion en la compleja situacion interna de Polonia-Lituania y en una serie de cuestiones en torno al frente danubiano que, olvidadas por la problematica baltica, no han despertado tanto la atencion de los historiadores. Palabras clave: Diplomacia, Felipe II, Segismundo III Toponimos: Polonia-Lituania, Hungria, Crimea Periodo: Edad Moderna. ABSTRACT The Admiral of Aragon’s embassy to Poland in 1597 was a turning point in the relationship between the Hispanic Monarchy and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The difficult election of Sigismund III as king in 1587 was not recognized by Philip II, who for years continued to support his nephew, Archduke Maximilian in his claims to the Polish throne. However, from 1596 onwards, there was a gradual rapprochement that culminated in this embassy. This article describes some aspects of the mission, focusing attention on the complex internal situation of Poland-Lithuania and on a whole series of issues vis-a-vis the Danube front, which, overshadowed by the Baltic problem, have not received so much attention from historians. Key words: Diplomacy, Philip II of Spain, Sigismund III Place names: Poland-Lithuania, Hungary, Crimean Period: Early Modern Age. REFERENCIAS Anusik, Z. 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(1992), Rome and the Counter-Reformation in Scandinavia: Jesuit Educational Strategy, 1553-1622, Leiden , Brill. Gomez-Centurion, C. (1988), Felipe II, la empresa de Inglaterra y el comercio septentrional (1566-1609) , Madrid, Naval. Gonzalez Cuerva, R. (2006), “’El prodigioso principe transilvano’ la larga guerra contra los turcos (1596-1606) a traves de las ‘relaciones de sucesos’”, Studia historica. Historia moderna , 28, pp. 277-299. —(2007), “El turco a las puertas: politica oriental de Felipe III”, en La monarquia de Felipe III: los Reinos , Madrid, Mapfre, Vol. IV, pp. 1447-1480. Herrera y Tordesillas, A. (1612), Historia general del mundo…del tiempo del rey d. Felipe II el Prudente, desde el ano de 1585 hasta el de 1598 , Madrid, Imprenta Alonso Martin de Balboa. Hortal Munoz, J. E. (2004), El manejo de los asuntos de Flandes,1585-1598 , tesis doctoral, UAM. Jarminski, L. 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Relationships between Transylvania and the Holy See under the Bathorys (1574-1599), Szeged. —(2014), “Apostolic Nunciature in a Protestant Country: the Transylvanian Mission of Alfonso Visconti, Bishop of Cervia (1595-1598)”, Il Papato e le Chiese locali , Viterbo, Sette Citta, pp. 89-117. Lukacs, L. (1987), Monumenta Antiquae Hungariae IV (1593-1600) , Roma, Institutum Historicum Societatis Iesu. Martinez Millan, J., Carlos Morales J. C. de (1998), Felipe II (1527-1598). La configuracion de la Monarquia Hispana . Valladolid, Junta de Castilla y Leon. Milewski, D. (2012), “Campaign of the Great Hetman Jan Zamoyski in Moldavia (1595). Part I. Politico-diplomatic and military preliminaries”, Codrul Cosminului , XVIII, 2, pp. 261-286. Oakley, S. P., (1992), War and Peace in the Baltic 1560-1790 , Londres, Routledge. Ochoa Brun, M. A. (2000), Historia de la diplomacia espanola, Madrid, Biblioteca Diplomatica Espanola, Vol. VI. Parnanen, J. A. (1912), Sigismond Vasa et la succession au trone de Suede 1592−1594 , Genova, Chaulmontet. Przezdziecki , C. R. (1934), Diplomatie et Protocole a la Cour de Pologne , Paris, Les Belles Lettres. —(1947), “Embajadas espanolas”, Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia , 121. Roberts, M. (1986), The Early Vasas, a History of Sweden 1523-1611 , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Rodriguez Villa, A. (1899), “D. Francisco de Mendoza, Almirante de Aragon”, Homenaje a Menendez y Pelayo en el ano vigesimo de su profesorado, estudios de erudicion espanola , Madrid, Libreria General de Victoriano Suarez, vol. I, pp. 487-610. Sambrian, O. A. (2013), “Deformar con la palabra: la mistificacion de la imagen de Segismundo Bathory en el teatro mediante los relatos de Alfonso Carrillo”, Laberinti, 152, pp. 541-554. Sanz Ayan, C. (2012), “Elementos para la construccion de la imagen ideal de un principe cristiano ‘de Frontera’: Segismundo Bathory, Principe de Transilvania”, Hispania Felix , 3, pp. 213-248 Skowron, R. (1997), Dyplomaci polscy w Hiszpanii w XVI i XVII wieku , Cracovia, Universitas. —(2008): Olivares, los Vasa y el Mar Baltico. Polonia en la politica internacional de Espana en los anos 1621-1632 , Varsovia, DiG. Turk, A. (2000), The Crimean Khanate under the Reign of Gazi Giray II , Ankara, Bilkent University. Turkcelik, E. (2012), Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha y el Mediterraneo entre 1591-1606 , tesis doctoral UAM. —(2015), “El Imperio Otomano y la politica de alianzas: las relaciones franco-otomanas en el transito del siglo XVI al XVII”, Hispania: Revista espanola de historia , 75, 249, pp. 39-68 Tygielski, W. (1990), Politics of Patronage in Renaissance Poland: Chancellor Jan Zamoyski, His Supporters and the Political Map of Poland, 1572-1605 , Varsovia, W. Warszawskiego. —(2010), “Jan Zamoyski”, en K|S|A|P XX LAT , Varsovia, Krajowa Szkola, pp. 239-257. Urjasz-Raczko, M. (2014), “La estrategia diplomatica de Felipe II frente a la tercera eleccion libre en la republica polaco-lituana, 1586-1589”, Studia Historica , 36, pp. 213-232. Valera, J. (2000), Correspondencia, Alicante, Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes. Vynar, L. (1975), Habsburgs and Zaporozhian Cossacks: the diary of Erich Lassota von Steblau, 1594, Kansas, Ukrainian Ac. Press.

This article analyses the collection of poems in the Vatican Manuscript Reginensis Latinus 1351. These poems were composed by Baudri of Bourgueil, also called Baldric of Dol, (ca. 1050 –1130) a Ben...

EnglishOne of the characteristics of the early Modern era is the development of cartography. Between 1450 and 1650 maps moved from portraying the world in Medieval terms – that is, as orbis terrae – to a division of the terrestrial globe in segments in the form of grids and coordinates. This change was due in particular to the numerous travels of exploration or adventure and diplomacy undertaken in those years by Europeans. In the case of Italy and Iran, “our man” is Pietro della Valle (1586-1652). He was there, and with him the gaze and interests of Italy, represented at that time by the Vatican and by the Republic of Venice. But he was not alone. Together with della Valle there were also the British Sir Robert Sherley, the German Heinrich von Poser und Gros Naedlitz and the Spanish Don Garcia de Silva y Figueroa. They, and others who followed them, tried to get information about and to influence the affairs of Iran and of the wider geopolitics of the Near East, at the same time making a contribution to the cartography of the country through their travel accounts and other writings. italianoUna delle caratteristiche della prima eta moderna e lo sviluppo della cartografia. Fra il 1450 e il 1650 le carte passarono da rappresentare il mondo in modo medievale, in termini di orbis terrae, a una divisione del globo terrestre in segmenti formati da reticolati e coordinate. Questo cambio fu dovuto in particolare ai numerosi viaggi di esplorazione o avventura e di natura diplomatica intrapresi in quegli anni dagli europei. Anche l’Italia vanta nomi importanti di viaggiatori che contribuirono a questo sviluppo. Nel caso dell’Iran, che all’epoca gli europei chiamavano Persia, il “nostro uomo” e Pietro della Valle (1586-1652). Lui c’era, e con lui lo sguardo e gli interessi dell’Italia, rappresentata all’epoca dallo Stato della Chiesa e dalla Repubblica di Venezia. Ma della Valle non era solo. Con lui c’erano anche l’inglese Sir Robert Sherley, il tedesco Heinrich von Poser und Gros Naedlitz e lo spagnolo don Garcia de Silva y Figueroa. Essi, ed altri che li seguirono, cercarono di informarsi ed influire sugli affari dell’Iran e della piu ampia geopolitica del Vicino Oriente, contribuendo al contempo attraverso i loro resoconti di viaggio ed altri scritti a cartografare il paese. Mutatis mutandis e in alcuni casi letteralmente sulle tracce dei loro predecessori, oggi come ieri i viaggiatori europei continuano ad interessarsi del paese, e del suo rapporto con l’Europa.

This essay focuses on Pope Alexander VII’s predilection and talent for books and libraries—his private library, the Vatican Library, and the Alessandrina Library, specifically the Sapienza ...

This study employs network analysis and microhistory to challenge the standard narrative about architecture and patronage in Baroque Rome, that of celebrity patron-artist relationships. It investigates the artists and artisans below this elite team and the plurality of relationships that developed among them. The subject is Innocent X Pamphilj's monumental works of art and architecture, at the Vatican, Piazza Navona, Campidoglio, Lateran, and Janiculum Hill, commissioned for the 1650 Holy Year. It argues that competent artisans and their relationships influenced the operation of building sites and presents Innocent X as the patron of an industrious architectural enterprise.

[Abstract] After the Second World War the ecclesiastical property was drastically reduced in Hungary. However, Vatican II gave an intense motivation and impulse to the spiritual-psychical revival for the communities and by this time, the preservation of the religious heritage got some statal, professional attention too. The restoration or reconstruction works were often linked with the acute interior transformations according to Vatican II. Although the Hungarian publication and interpretation of the reforms were relatively slow, still a few essential informative discussions were born. The Venice Charter (1964) also had a significant effect on the monument preservation methodology in this period. Analysing the theoretical approach of the Vatican II Constitution and Instruction a close parallelism can be identified with the architectural aspects of the Venice Charter: respect the old parts with the obviously distinguishable, new supplements, and create modern artworks with high artistic quality. The end of the paper cites some brief case studies to present the practical implementation of the directives. [Resumen] Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la propiedad eclesiástica se redujo drásticamente en Hungría. El Concilio Vaticano II dio una intensa motivación e impulso al avivamiento psíquico-espiritual de las comunidades. La preservación de la herencia religiosa recibió cierta atención profesional y estatal. La investigación arqueológica e histórica comenzó a ser exhaustiva en las capillas e iglesias medievales, y las obras de restauración o reconstrucción a menudo se vincularon con las intensas transformaciones interiores realizadas según el Vaticano II. La Carta de Venecia (1964) tuvo un efecto significativo en la metodología de preservación de monumentos. Analizando el enfoque teórico de la Carta de Venecia, se puede identificar un estrecho paralelismo con los aspectos arquitectónicos de la Constitución y la Instrucción del Vaticano II: respetar las partes antiguas con los nuevos añadidos, obviamente distinguibles, y crear obras de arte modernas con alta calidad artística. El documento examina casos de estudio para presentar similitudes entre la implementación práctica de las directivas y las líneas de actuación.

espanolEl presente estudio aborda la persecucion religiosa en los territorios checos (Bohemia, Moravia y la Silesia checa) durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, momento en el que estos territorios formaron parte del protectorado de Bohemia y Moravia, bajo la ocupacion de la Alemania nazi. El objetivo de este texto es demostrar como la Iglesia Catolica, su jerarquiay sus sacerdotes actuaron como relevantes patriotas que no dudaron en plantar cara a las fuerzas ocupantes y expresar su rechazo a los procedimientos de aquellas. Se analizara, ademas, el papel de la Iglesia catolica en el plano domestico y sus lazos exteriores con la Santa Sede. Finalmente, se presentaran las figuras de los sacerdotes victimas de la represion nacionalsocialista en los territorios checos.La metodologia basica de este estudio consiste en el analisis descriptivo desde una perspectiva comparativa de la vida espiritual antes y despues de la ocupacion alemana. Ademas, el metodo analitico-sintetico sera empleado en combinacion con la interpretacion de los hallazgos realizados. A todo ello cabe anadir un ultimo metodo, no siempre facil de aplicar, como es la hermeneutica. Esto es, la interpretacion socio-historica de fenomenos en un esfuerzo por revelar el caracter unico de los textos analizados y de las demas fuentes, asi como por enfatizar el particularismo del desarrollo cultural y espiritual de la Iglesia checa y su historia a lo largo de la primera mitad del siglo XX. EnglishThis study addresses the religious persecution in the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia and Czech Silesia) during World War II, when these territories were part of the Bohemian and Moravian Protectorate being occupied by Nazi Germany.Its aim is to demonstratehow the Catholic Church, its hierarchy and its priests acted as relevant patriots who did not hesitate to stand up to the occupying forces and express their rejection of their procedures. Both the domestic Catholic camp and the ties abroad towards the Holy See and its representation will be analysed. There will also be presented the personalities of priests, who became the victims of the Nazi rampage in the Czech lands at the end of the study. The basic method consists of a descriptiveanalysis that takes into account the comparative approach of the spiritual life before and after the occupation. Furthermore, the analytical-synthetic method will be used, combined with the subsequent interpretation of the findings. An additional method, not always easy to apply, is hermeneutics, i.e., the interpretation of socio-historical phenomena in an effort to reveal the uniqueness of the analysed texts and sources and emphasize their singularity in the cultural and spiritual development of Czech Church history in the first half of the 20th century.

EnglishThe article aims to describe some important cases of sacred Christian museums from late antiquity to contemporary age, in order to trace the history of this institution and identify the key concepts that lay at its basis. This diachronic comparison starts from the donation of books and liturgic objects made by St. Augustin to local episcopal church (late 4th century); then it moves to the middle ages -when the idea of sacred Christian museums is fully developed- and focusses on the Treasure of Saint Denis, set up by the abbot Suger in the 12th century. In the second part of the essay, the stories related to the collections of Christian objects preserved in the Vatican museums, as well as the conceptions that inspired them in the 18th century are exposed. This will lead then to the final presentation and analysis of the current guidelines for sacred Christian museums, seen as the final product of the millenary heritage of Christian museology. portuguesL'articolo si propone di descrivere alcuni importanti casi di musei sacri cristiani dalla tarda antichita all'eta contemporanea, al fine di tracciare la storia di questa istituzione e individuare i concetti chiave che ne stanno alla base. Il confronto diacronico parte dalla donazione di libri e oggetti liturgici da parte di Sant'Agostino alla sua chiesa episcopale (fine del IV secolo), per poi passare al Medioevo - quando l'idea di musei sacri cristiani e pienamente sviluppata - e concentrarsi sul Tesoro di San Denis, istituito dall'abate Suger nel XII secolo. Nella seconda parte del saggio sono esposte le storie relative alle collezioni di oggetti cristiani nei Musei Vaticani e i concetti che li hanno ispirati nel XVIII secolo. Si passa poi alla presentazione finale con l'analisi delle attuali linee guida dei musei sacri cristiani, visti come il prodotto finale del millenario patrimonio della museologia cristiana.

El presente artículo desgrana la religiosidad de la duquesa de Medina Sidonia doña Ana de Aragón (ca. 1502-1556). Casada con los V y VI duques, no solamente dirigió la casa ducal sino también sus pulsiones espirituales. Esto se tradujo en una política de patrocinio de órdenes religiosas, especialmente dominicos y cartujos. También en una constante obtención de mejoras y privilegios eclesiásticos de la Santa Sede, que facilitarían la salvación de la familia y sus criados; asimismo, se intenta identificar cuáles fueron las devociones personales de doña Ana de Aragón. Todo ello indica que nos encontramos ante un modelo de religiosidad algo diferente al observado hasta el momento en el sur hispano, posiblemente debido a su origen aragonés. This paper describes the religiosity of the Duchess of Medina Sidonia Dona Ana de Aragón (ca. 1502-1556). Married to V and VI dukes, she directed not only the ducal house’s politics but also its spiritual drives. This resulted in a policy of sponsoring religious orders, especially Dominican and Carthusian. She worked constantly to obtain ecclesiastical improvements and privileges of the Holy See, which would facilitate the salvation of the family and their servants; likewise, we also try to identify what were the personal devotions of Dona Ana de Aragón. All this indicates that we are faced with a somewhat different model of religiosity than observed so far in the southern Hispanic region, perhaps because of her Aragonese origins.

The Heraklitos mosaic, which dates to the second century ad and is displayed today at the Vatican Museums, depicts the theme of the asàrotos òikos (‘unswept floor’) alongside allusions to Dionysian and Isiac mystery cults. The mosaic is well known due to its highly il-lusionistic depiction of scraps of food, which are scattered evenly across the room’s floor, as if left behind –a theme which according to Pliny was first created by the mosaicist Sosus in Hellenistic Pergamon. The mosaic Pliny is referring to was never discovered, and the theme is known today only through five surviving Roman variations, the Heraklitos mosaic be-ing the largest and most elaborate one. This article examines the ways in which the Heraklitos mosaic expresses the connection between power, social status and initiation into mystery cults in Imperial Rome, and ex-plores the connection between traditional Roman beliefs, foreign cult practices and elitist artistic representation.

Father Vicente Pérez-Jorge's entire life spanned the XX century, renowned for the radical changes rendered in its esthetical principles, and, as a result, in its systems and procedures of composition. Musical creation was renewed in such a way that some sectors like choral singing and sacred music got left behind, entrenched in their usual manners and keeping to their traditional habits. Father Vicente Pérez-Jorge, open as he was to all modern schools of thought and artistic techniques, resourceful explorer of vanguards, fought all his life to instill elements of contemporary expression into ecclesiastical music, that is to say, that the Church adopt more modern compositional techniques proper to the XX century, while never straying from the guidelines set down by the Holy See, with only one end in mind, that of dignifying the music in our temples, but as an expression of our times. Toda la vida del Padre Vicente Pérez-Jorge se desarrolló en el siglo XX, siglo que se ha distinguido por los cambios radicales producidos en sus fundamentos estéticos y, por ende, en sus sistemas y procedimientos de composición. La creación musical se renovó de tal manera que algunos sectores, como el canto y la música sagrados, quedaron rezagados, adocenados en sus maneras habituales y manteniéndose en sus costumbres tradicionales. Fue el P. Vicente Pérez-Jorge, abierto a todas las corrientes y técnica artísticas modernas, perforador "aprovechado" de vanguardias, luchó durante toda su vida por la expresión de la música eclesiástica con elementos contemporáneos, es decir, que la Iglesia hiciera suyos los procedimientos modernos empleados por los compositores de nuestro siglo, siempre dentro de los criterios propios de la Santa Sede y con un fín único: dignificar la música de los templos y ponerla a la altura de los tiempos actuales.

Despite drawing being the first-hand work of the architect, there has not been enough discussion about where architectural drawings and models belong, and the ways in which they move and develop between sites of production, storage, and revision. It is often assumed that the mobility of drawings in the Renaissance period implied the possibility of action at a distance, allowing the architect to be absent from the fabrication site. Earlier Medieval practices of incised stone drawings and plaster drawings traced on floors determined the immobility of drawings, which made them integral parts of the building and assured the presence of the architect. However, an alternate reading is possible, which is that immovable drawings and the presence of models freed the architect, because the tools that guide construction were, in fact, in situ.

En la ciudad de Lima, en el siglo XVII, abundaron los candidatos a la santidad. Uno de ellos fue Francisco del Castillo, perteneciente a la Compañía de Jesús. Como era habitual en esos casos, para favorecer su postulación, se escribió una hagiografía poco después de su muerte, a la que se agregaron otras tres a lo largo del tiempo. En este artículo analizamos la imagen del sujeto que crearon y recrearon esas obras, las características de ellas, los objetivos que perseguían y la incidencia que tuvieron en la causa de beatificación del candidato. Esto en el marco de las políticas de santidad que, por una parte, postulaba la provincia peruana y, por otra, la Santa Sede.

The consolidation of the fields of art history and archeology in the nineteenth century was characterized by a number of fundamental revisions that were bound to track unevenly with developments in taste. Shifts in aesthetic values and in the history of art itself presented unavoidable challenges to the status of major collections. And yet, some collections were so esteemed that it was difficult for public interest in them to shift along with the vicissitudes of advanced taste. This chapter analyzes the place of the Vatican museum in two distinct but characteristic works of the later part of the nineteenth century in which the intersection of the history of taste and individual aesthetic response is made a matter of deep affective significance: Vernon Lee’s essay, “The Child in the Vatican” and George Eliot’s Middlemarch. Whether the experience of the sculpture collection at the Vatican becomes an occasion to represent an unresolvable emotional crisis framed around a formal issue, or an opportunity to address a formal issue given force by its manifestation as a profound emotional turning point, both texts register fundamental shifts in taste that were bound to affect the objects around which that taste had developed. By registering the limits of powerful concepts that had attempted to establish the relationship of subjects to admired objects, George Eliot and Vernon Lee reveal the emotional determinants and uncertainties accompanying and helping to shape the emergence of formal concerns out of material concepts.

In 1929, Charles Upson Clark (1875–1960), a history Professor at Columbia University, carrying out bibliographic research for the Smithsonian Institution on the early history of the Americas in the Vatican Library, came across a remarkable illustrated Latin manuscript from 1552 entitled Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis (Little Book of Indian Medicinal Herbs). In the same year, Lynn Thorndike, Columbia Professor of Medieval Science and Alchemy, noted its existence in Cardinal Francesco Barberini’s catalogue of Vatican manuscripts, and Giuseppe Gabrielli (1872–1942), librarian at the Royal Academy of the Lincei, published a note on the Windsor copy. The 1552 manuscript, now generally referred to as the Codex Cruz-Badianus, was a revelation, spreading new light on botanical and medicinal knowledge of the indigenous peoples of Mexico known today as Nahuans or Aztecs. It was to have a major impact on the history of Aztec culture in sixteenth-century New Spain.

[Resumen] Desde 1924, operaba en Italia la Comisión Central Pontificia de Arte Sacro en Italia, un ente de la Santa Sede creado en 1924 por Pío XI como órgano asesor y ejecutivo, con el objetivo de proteger y promover el arte sacro. En el transcurso de unos 60 años de actividad, llegaron a la Comisión Central Pontificia más de 6.000 proyectos para su examen. Durante el Concilio Vaticano, el presidente de esta Comisión Pontificia fue Giovanni Fallani, compilador del capítulo sobre el arte en la liturgia de la constitución Sacrosanctum Concilium. Desde la desclasificación del fondo, recientemente inventariado, del Archivo Secreto Vaticano, es posible reconstruir un episodio inédito sobre cómo se trató en Italia la adaptación de las iglesias después del Concilio por parte de los que habían participado operativamente en él. Y por lo tanto, es posible evaluar la correspondencia de los proyectos a los preceptos de la liturgia y del arte sacro. [Abstract] Since 1924, The Central Papal Commission for Religious Works of Art in Italy, an organ of The Holy See, with advisory and executive functions, has been operating with the aim of protecting and promoting sacred art. More than 6000 projects have been submitted to the Commission over about 60 years. Giovanni Fallani was the president of this Papal Commission during the Second Vatican Council. He is the drafter of the chapter included in the document Sacrosantum Concilium, concerning the art into the liturgy. From the fund counting, recently inventoried in the Vatican Secret Archive, we can reconstruct an unpublished cross-section regarding the ways of churches adaptation in the aftermath of the Council. In detail our researches focused on the compliance level of the projects with the liturgy and sacred art precepts by those who had actively participated into the provisions drafting.

From October 2019 to January 2020, the Anima Mundi Vatican Ethnological Museum presented the exhibition “Mater Amazonia – The deep breath of the world,” timely inaugurated as the Synod of Bishops f...

The Sistine Chapel in the Vatican is home to the most famous frescoes in the world that also have a profound religious significance and unique history. This case study analyses a survey of audience reception (2017) in the Sistine Chapel. It investigates how everyday visitors to the Chapel – usually tourists – interpreted the Christian art that they contemplated. The survey provides an insight into how sacred art can be used to transmit the Christian faith to today’s generations by using the cultural heritage of the Catholic Church. The case study highlights the importance of producing explanatory materials and of an effective guest management strategy to ensure visitors are given the opportunity to know the spiritual significance of the artworks. Encouragingly, many visitors in the survey demonstrated that they understood the religious significance of these works because they ascribed a religious meaning to their preferred masterpieces. This draws attention to the potential that the Sistine Chapel provides for evangelisation because it presents opportunities to talk about the Christian faith to those who otherwise may have no experience of it. This goal may be achieved through the experience of the visit itself and the production of guide materials or the use of expert guides that accompany the visitors to the Chapel.

This article treats the Armenian manuscripts housed in the Vatican Library, offering an overview of their main contents and principal value, as well as surveying the scholarly work undertaken on th...

The Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana possesses the largest collection of humanist manuscripts in the world. It did not, however, follow a conscious policy of acquisition in gathering them together. R...

The only three surviving frescoes from the Roman world to depict a series of episodes from Homer's Iliad in continuous frieze format are all found on a single street in Pompeii. They were published in 1953 in V. Spinazzola's Pompei alla luce degli scavi nuovi di Via dell’Abbondanza (anni 1910-1923), vol. 2, under the editorship of S. Aurigemma, whose detailed descriptions and interpretation of the iconography and epigraphy have remained largely unchallenged. Relatively poorly preserved, they exhibit a puzzling interplay between their iconography, epigraphy and the Homeric text, and even the chronology of the epic itself. Each of the Iliad friezes, like the Odyssey frescoes in the Vatican Museums, in parts reflect close adherence to the text of their respective epics, yet each contains details which do not derive from the Homeric account: some alter it in subtle ways, noticeable only to those who know their Homer well, but there are also extra-Homeric figural scenes and painted epigraphy in the form of labels which, although traditionally considered to be errors made by an ill-educated artist or even evidence of the use of hypotheses of the Iliad and Odyssey, must derive from some external source. This paper seeks to show that in the Iliad frieze of the Casa di D. Octavius Quartio it may be possible to establish the source of the extra-Homeric insertions: the details appear to refer not only to the erudite realm of Homeric epic, but also to the thrill and violence of contemporary arenas.

The article deals with the terms of address and the titles in the speeches of the Pope John Paul II to the Diplomatic Corps accredited to the Holy See, in Polish and French versions. On the one hand, those speeches are a source of reflection; and, on the other hand, they are an interesting material for linguistic studies. One of the features of the terms of address which aim to conform to the ceremonial aspect of these meetings is the presence of solemn titles that exist in the both languages. In addition to honorary address terms which refer to honourable functions, e.g. Your Excellency or Ambassador , one can find universal titles, e.g. Ladies and Gentlemen , whose semantic value reflects their historical and cultural differences, and, at the same time, the differences in their use. Resume L’article aborde la question des termes d’adresse et des titres, dans les versions polonaise et francaise, des discours de Jean-Paul II devant le corps diplomatique aupres du Vatican. Ces discours sont, d’une part, une source de reflexion et, d’autre part, un materiau interessant pour des etudes linguistiques. L’une des caracteristiques des termes d’adresse visant a se conformer a l’aspect ceremoniel de ces rencontres est la presence de titres solennels existants dans les deux langues. En plus des termes d’adresse honorifiques se referant aux fonctions honorables comme Excellence , Monsieur Ambassadeur, on trouve des titres universels comme Mesdames et Messieurs , dont la valeur semantique reflete les differences historiques et culturelles et, en meme temps, les differences dans leur utilisation.

Frederic Martel’s detailed expose of homosexuality and hypocrisy in the Vatican may turn out to be one of the most important books in the study of contemporary religion for many years to come. Mart...