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This paper reflects on the significations of the 'mental life' of the city that are represented by the material symbols on display. In trying to comprehend the public display of fascist era 'art' in the city of Trieste, it addresses an example of trying to make sense of the 'impossible'. Reassured of the contested nature of such displays, the paper reflects further on the power of symbols in fascism and how different countries have addressed their legacy. Confirmed of their danger, we examine the risk of leaving their significance unanalysed and contextualise this in a comparison of the respective approaches of Italy and of Germany. We also consider the potential impacts of toleration, and normalisation, of such artefacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our fascination with the ambivalences of ruin shows little sign of abating. Taking as its focus the Baltic resort of Prora, this paper explores the particular ambivalences that arise when the East German socialist past inhabits the ruins of the preceding National Socialist dictatorship. Developing a theoretical approach to the ruin as palimpsest and heterotopia, I examine three types of intervention that have been made in the post-socialist present at this largely derelict and disused site: redevelopment; musealization; and photographic representation. In each case I consider, first, the strategies that stabilize the ruin in the present and, second, the processes through which the ruin persists as a more troubling and destabilizing force. Ultimately, I argue that the ambivalences of these ruins of dictatorship are increasingly being simplified and consolidated in the post-dictatorship setting, often at the expense of the socialist phase of the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concealed finds in buildings are a worldwide phenomenon. Since the 14th century, the angles of vaults, the dead space between ceilings and floors, walled niches and other voids in buildings have been used to dump waste, mostly on the occasion of rebuilding activities. In a few cases, careful deposits of single objects may reflect magical practices. All finds seem to bear an immediate connection to the former inhabitants. Their dating, based on building chronology and the excellent state of preservation, especially of organic finds, makes them an excellent source for archaeology and cultural history. This paper examines an exceptional collection of assemblages recovered from dead spaces within three adjacent buildings in the town of Kempten, southern Germany. It summarizes the major research project based on the wide variety of finds recovered, including numerous objects of wood, leather, fur and textile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the first extensive research into Bavarian clay tobacco pipes dating from 1600 to 1745, this paper synthesizes written sources and material culture with the aims not only of contributing to post-medieval ceramic studies but also of examining the implementation and impact of a tobacco monopoly within an early modern state. After discussing the methodology, pipes are examined as a medium for mercantilist-driven actions and as indicators of socio-cultural change. The archaeology of Bavarian clay tobacco pipes throws light on the operation of an economic system and on only partly recorded or unrecorded activities such as smuggling and illicit manufacture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although preservation of Paleolithic faunal assemblages from open-air settings is often poor, the Lower Paleolithic sites of Schöningen provide exceptionally well-preserved mammalian faunal material for investigating hominin/animal relationships. Pleistocene fossil assemblages, however, usually reflect a complex taphonomic history in which natural and anthropogenic processes are often superimposed. A number of examples of osseous finds that resemble tools were recently discovered in the MIS 9 deposits of Schöningen 12 II. Non-anthropogenic agents are known to produce surface modifications mimicking human artifacts and the identification of osseous remains used and/or deliberately modified by ancient hominins is often controversial in such old contexts. Multiple lines of evidence are thus useful for distinguishing between osseous artifacts and “eco-facts”. In this paper, the recognition of the use of bone for different technological purposes by late Middle Pleistocene hominins is addressed through a multi-proxy study combining geoarcheology, bone taphonomy, zooarcheology, and use-wear analysis. This allowed the identification of the processes and agents responsible for the formation and modification of the different bone assemblages of Schöningen 12 II. Our analysis points to different types of bones having been likely used as tools. These results expand the diversity of the organic technological repertoire of the Middle Pleistocene hominins, making Schöningen 12 II a remarkable new source of information on osseous technology long before the Upper Paleolithic, the period traditionally viewed as the start of the systematic use of bone tools. Together with other observations of bone tools documented during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic, the results from Schöningen show that archeologists may have underestimated the diversity and importance of osseous technology among archaic hominins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the discovery of the first open-air Upper Palaeolithic site to be found in Scotland, at Howburn, near Biggar in South Lanarkshire. An account is given of the composition and distribution of the lithic assemblage, which is discussed in terms of its British and north-west European context. Provisional parallels drawn are with the Late Hamburgian (Havelte) sites and assemblages of southern Scandinavia, northern Germany and the Netherlands. There is no absolute dating evidence for the site, but an age in the region of 12,000 C yr BP, towards the end of the earlier (Bølling) Lateglacial Interstadial stage, is proposed on the basis of the lithic artefacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of papers related to art projects which use science and technology. They include "An Artifact for the Rhein-Main-Dounan Canal," by Francisco Infante, "Razor Fabric: The Concept of a Flexible Razor-Blade Sculpture," by Boris Stuchebjukov, and "The Temple of All Saints Project," by August Lanin.

A set of 59 ancient magical artefacts, mainly made of lead, was selected from the collections of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin in order to unravel their origins. All the selected artefacts have been studied for their Pb isotope compositions, which covered the whole range of the Mediterranean ore deposits. However, the majority (≈86%) were made of lead matching the small compositional range of the Laurion ore deposits. Only eight out of the 59 artefacts were made of recycled lead or lead from other ore deposits. Additionally, all but two were approximately dated based on their inscriptions. The lead isotopic composition together with information obtained from the inscriptions, the resulting dating, the context of the find and the known history of each item allowed us to gain more detailed information about the origins of these magical artefacts. The Attic provenance of 36 curse tablets was confirmed, whereas for 11 curse tablets previously classified as non-Attic, the provenance was either confirmed and specified (six artefacts) or changed to Attic (five artefacts). Surprisingly, the majority (six out of eight) of the analysed curse tablets from the Egyptian collection showed a lead isotopic composition closely matching that of Laurion. A Laurion-like lead isotopic composition was also observed for three of the four analysed oracular tablets from Dodona. Together with the dating information, this points to Laurion as the major and dominant lead source in the Aegean, at least during the fourth-third century B.C. The few curse tablets from earlier than the fourth-third century B.C. point to the use of multiple and thus isotopically more variable lead sources compared with the Roman times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the history of Thai manuscripts collecting in Germany, in which the complexity of the German federation and its impact on maintaining a Thai manuscripts collection, different kinds of traditional Siamese manuscripts, and German collectors of such manuscripts like Aernout Cleur, August the Strong and Karl Friedrich Neumann. Also mentioned are collections maintained by Oskar Frankfurter, "Schumann, Bangkok" and Karl Brugel.

Unlike our eyes, which bring us a world in images, our hands and fingers put us directly in touch with things in the world. Touching things directly, but also feeling themselves being touched at the same time, our hands and fingers are our first medium. But by remaining always contemporary – that is, always ready at hand – they are also our latest medium. Taking this observation as a starting point and keeping the idea of ‘the digital’ as a constant, this essay considers a few characteristics that establish German media theory as a distinct research project. It demonstrates, first, how artefacts ‘become’ media and, second, how this ‘becoming media’ can be formulated operationally and be studied in a manner consistent with the digital passages through which media appear as what they are. It is hoped that the discussion will shed some light on why and to what extent German media theory can be understood as ‘posthermeneutical’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This section offers news briefs on Palestine antiquities. The Bloomsbury Academy Autumn Conference was held in London, England on October 24, 2009. The Thirteenth International Conference of the Aram Society for Syro-Mesopotamian Studies will be held in Oxford, England from July 5 to 7, 2010. Three major exhibitions will be held in Germany and Israel, which can be of importance to some researchers wishing to take advantage of the collections of the Palestine Exploration Fund.

The aim of this article is to situate archaeological approaches to modern conflicts within a framework of conflict memory and commemoration. A critical appreciation of historical archaeology as a commemorative practice requires a firm grounding in memory theory, specifically the formation and contestation of memory narratives. This article offers a detailed analysis of the relevant theories and demonstrates their applicability in the contested archaeology of the Nazi era in Berlin. On the basis of this critique I argue that archaeological work on contested sites offers a unique and powerful forum for socially engaged interdisciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Roman trade with South India. It states that there was a stream of Roman gold coins found in hoards all over South India, and Roman pottery that has turned up in port Alagankulam. It states that Muziris and the Malabar coast emerge as central to Roman interests in India, especially for pepper, which has been found on archaeological sites all over in Germany and Britain. It states that references in the Tamil literature to developments of the land and land relations with consequent effects on tribal structures.

The objective of this work was to reduce motion artefacts in non-gated dual-energy subtraction radiography whilst preserving the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in regions with low motion. Dual-energy radiography provides material-selective information (soft-tissue and bone images) that may be used for improved detection of calcifications in lung nodules. The weighted logarithmic dual-energy subtraction of thoracic images performed without electrocardiogram gating results in motion-induced artefacts. The low-energy image was acquired at the usual dose setting at 60 kV. To obtain the high-energy (120 kV) information, a series of consecutive images at a time interval of 30 ms were made. The series integral dose was equivalent to the dose of a single conventional high-energy image. A motion-free merging technique was introduced that combines standard images yielding low image noise with phase-selective images yielding motion artefact-free image regions which are used for dual-energy subtraction. Evaluations of the method were performed with simulations and measurements using a C-arm system (Axiom Artis; Siemens AG, Germany) equipped with a flat detector of 40 × 30 cm2. The merging approach conserved standard image noise levels and the CNR in areas without cardiac motion, whereas image noise in pericardial lung regions and in the heart was increased compared with standard images. Motion artefacts in the heart and in the lung areas close to the heart are significantly reduced in the material-selective images when compared with a standard non-gated subtraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the ways the urban boundary and the landscapes beyond it were culturally conceived and physically manipulated in Munich between about 1890 and 1920. It highlights planning practice outside the 'canon' of planning history, showing the importance of localized decision-taking in urban design. The article explores cities as cultural constructs and material artefacts in Germany as part of a broader project linking planning history to broader historical investigation, and tries to bridge the gap between the 'material' city as a physical space, and the 'cultural' city of language and symbols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While organizational decoration has been of interest to those who study organizational artefacts, we suggest four ways in which decoration is worthy of fuller attention in organizational studies. First, decoration, ornament and embellishment are not only what we see, but also what we do as managers, consultants, writers and designers of both physical and project spaces. Second, and drawing on the art/craft debate, we note that decoration occupies contested and even liminal aesthetic position and that 'decorative art' lies betwixt and between fine art and craft. Neither fully accepted nor fully margin alized, decoration is 'only applied' and embodies shifting tensions between form and function. Third, we review the particular negotiations of these tensions at the Bauhaus, a controversial and highly influential aesthetic organization in early 20th century Germany. Fourth, we suggest that decoration, like disorganization, provides a source of complication for organizational studies that are neither pure nor parsimonious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human skeletal remains from the Vogelherd cave in the Swabian Jura of southwestern Germany are at present seen as the best evidence that modern humans produced the artefacts of the early Aurignacian. Radiocarbon measurements from all the key fossils from Vogelherd show that these human remains actually date to the late Neolithic, between 3,900 and 5,000 radiocarbon years before present (bp). Although many questions remain unresolved, these results weaken the arguments for the Danube Corridor hypothesis-that there was an early migration of modern humans into the Upper Danube drainage-and strengthen the view that Neanderthals may have contributed significantly to the development of Upper Palaeolithic cultural traits independent of the arrival of modern humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information related to the Tan-Tan figurine, discovered during an archaeological survey by state archaeologist Lutz Fiedler in Germany. The Tan-Tan figurine consists of a moderately metamorphosed quartzite. The Tan-Tan quartzite figurine is seen as a naturally formed object that was collected as a manuport because of its most unusual form. The Tan-Tan figurine could occur naturally in an alluvial deposit containing many stone tools. The relatively broad and diffuse groove reveals no traces of impact and is regarded as a natural feature.