2,461 results
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152. MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT AND METABOLIC DISORDERS IN PREGNANCY: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY.
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Breadon, Carolyn, Arunogiri, Shalini, Turbic, Alisa, Lavale, Alex, Maldonado, Ricardo, and Fahms, Jayashri Kulkarni A. M.
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MENTAL health services ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,MENTAL depression ,POLYCYSTIC ovary syndrome ,GESTATIONAL diabetes - Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to measure sequential rates of obesity, gestational diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and anxiety, depression, and antidepressant treatment in pregnant women in Australia between 2008 and 2022. Materials and Methods: BMI ≥ 30 (obesity), BMI ≥ 35 (severe obesity/obesity class II and III), gestational diabetes, Type II diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, clinical diagnoses of anxiety and depression, antidepressant treatment. Results: Women taking antidepressants in pregnancy were substantially more vulnerable to obesity (BMI ≥ 30) with rates of 43.59% vs 26.00%. Women taking antidepressants in pregnancy also had higher rates of severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35) at 25.63% vs 12.98%. A small minority of these women were also nearly 6 times more likely to drink alcohol in pregnancy (2.7% vs 0.47%) and to use other drugs in pregnancy such as amphetamines (0.35% vs 0.07%) and cannabis (3.4% vs 0.73%). When compared with peers matched for diagnoses of depression and anxiety, women taking antidepressants were still more likely to be obese (25.63% vs 20.17%) though this difference was not so marked. Rates of obesity have increased in the cohort studied from 26.86% to 31.27%; of gestational diabetes from 3.98% to 21.77%; of polycystic ovary syndrome from 1.47% to 5.47%; of anxiety from 1.11% to 5.77%; of depression from 2.17% to 4.31%, and antidepressant treatment from 1.45% to 2.16%. Conclusions: Obesity, gestational diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome rates have substantially increased between 2008 and 2022 in Australia. Rates of anxiety in pregnant women have increased substantially over this period, as have rates of depression. Women living with depression and anxiety in pregnancy are increasing to suffer obesity and related metabolic conditions. Antidepressant treatment may also increase these women's vulnerability to obesity and severe obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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153. Optimizing esketamine administration for postoperative depression: a comprehensive study on laparoscopic bariatric surgery patients
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Dai, Jiabao, Lu, Yanfeng, Zou, Zhiqing, and Wu, Zhouquan
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- 2024
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154. A multicenter retrospective study of antidepressant use in outpatient clinics in China pre- and post-COVID
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Zhao, Mengqiang, Chang, Luyao, Yu, Jing, Wang, Jianxin, Song, Yang, Su, Shi, Chen, Chaoli, Lun, Yang, Cheng, Fangfang, Zhao, Yuanyuan, and Zhou, Chunhua
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- 2024
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155. Role of ginsenoside Rb1 in attenuating depression-like symptoms through astrocytic and microglial complement C3 pathway
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Li, Cheng-Fu, Zhang, Qiu-Ping, Cheng, Jie, Xu, Guang-Hui, Zhu, Ji-Xiao, and Yi, Li-Tao
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- 2024
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156. Content analysis of Reddit posts about coadministration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and psilocybin mushrooms
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Sakai, Kimberly, Bradley, Ellen R., Zamaria, Joseph A., Agin-Liebes, Gabrielle, Kelley, D. Parker, Fish, Alexander, Martini, Valeria, Ferris, Michelle C., Morton, Emma, Michalak, Erin E., O’Donovan, Aoife, and Woolley, Joshua D.
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- 2024
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157. Partner support for women’s antidepressant treatment and its association with depressive symptoms in pregnant women, mothers, and women planning pregnancy
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Nasrin, Tania, Tauqeer, Fatima, Bjørndal, Ludvig D., Kittel-Schneider, Sarah, and Lupattelli, Angela
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- 2024
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158. Subchronic administration of scopolamine reverses UCMS-induced behavior in mice via eEF2 protein dephosphorylation
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Babii, Yana, Pałucha-Poniewiera, Agnieszka, Rafało-Ulińska, Anna, Brański, Piotr, and Pilc, Andrzej
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- 2024
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159. Efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1 on rodent models of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Wang, Ya-Ting, Wang, Xiao-Le, Lei, Lan, and Zhang, Yi
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- 2024
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160. Mechanisms involved in the antidepressant-like action of orally administered 5-((4-methoxyphenyl)thio)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (MTDZ) in male and female mice
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da Costa Rodrigues, Karline, da Conceição Oliveira, Meliza, dos Santos, Beatriz Fuzinato, de Campos Domingues, Nelson Luís, Fronza, Mariana Gallio, Savegnago, Lucielli, Wilhelm, Ethel Antunes, and Luchese, Cristiane
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- 2024
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161. Association between previous SARs-CoV-2 infection and new prescription of antidepressant drugs: a case-control study in Friuli Venezia Giulia region, Italy
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Rosolen, Valentina, Castriotta, Luigi, Driutti, Marco, Albert, Umberto, Barbone, Fabio, and Castelpietra, Giulio
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- 2024
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162. INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF XEROMPHIS ULIGINOSA (RETZ.) ROOT EXTRACTS IN SWISS-ALBINO MICE MODEL, AN EXTINCTIVE MEDICINAL PLANT OF BANGLADESH.
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Pinkey, Asma Aul Husna, Khan, Zahirul Islam, Razu, Rashaduzzaman, Mitu, Farhana Sultana, and Soma, Mahfuza Afroz
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MEDICINAL plants ,CENTRAL nervous system depressants ,ANTIDIARRHEALS ,DICLOFENAC ,SLEEP disorders - Abstract
Xeromphis. uliginosa (Retz.) is an extinctive Bangladeshi medicinal plant that is locally used for the treatments of pain, diabetes, diarrhea, depressant, and other diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the peripheral analgesic activity (PAA), central analgesic activity (CAA), central nervous system antidepressant activity (CNS-AD), antidiarrheal activity (ADA), and hypoglycaemic activity (HGA) of methanolic root extract of X. uliginosa (MREXU) in a mice model. The acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition and tail flick method were applied to determine the PAA and CAA of MREXU. The CNS-AD was measured using the phenobarbitone sodium-mediated sleeping method whereas, the castor oil-induced antidiarrheal method was used to determine the ADA of the crude extracts. To determine the HGA of MREXU crude extract, the tail tipping technique was conducted in a mice model. The MREXU displayed potential PAA and CAA in mice models. The MREXU 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly inhibit the number of writings along with diclofenac sodium. On the other hand, MREXU both doses significantly inhibit thermal stimulus after 60 and 90 minutes respectively. In the CNS-AD study, crude extract of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly increase the onset of sleep by decreasing the duration of sleep. Similarly, the dose of 200 mg/kg significantly reduced diarrheal faeces for the whole 4 hours of experiments. The heartiest outcome of MREXU was displayed in the HGA assay. Both doses of MREXU significantly reduced the blood sugar level for the entire 3 hours of the experiments. In this study, it is revealed that the root of MREXU has extremely significant blood sugar-reducing activity, potential CNSAD and mild to moderate nociceptive activity in the mice model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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163. Determination of viloxazine by differential pulse voltammetry with boron-doped diamond electrode.
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Madej, Maria, Kochana, Jolanta, and Baś, Bogusław
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This paper presents a novel, high sensitive analytical method for electrochemical determination of viloxazine at boron-doped diamond electrode using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The verification of viloxazine electrochemical behavior proved that viloxazine undergoes diffusion controlled, one-electron irreversible oxidation process. Optimization stage allowed for selection of acetate buffer solution (pH 5; 0.1 mol dm
−3 ) as the best suitable supporting electrolyte and determination of DPV parameters. The calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range 0.1–20.0 µmol dm−3 with the detection limit equal to 0.04 µmol dm−3 , respectively. The optimized procedure was validated by studying the sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of obtained results. The proposed method was successfully employed for viloxazine determination in spiked tap and river water samples with recovery of 95.8–98.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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164. NEW EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON THE CENTRAL EFFECTS OF AN OLD ANALGESIC – PARACETAMOL.
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EPUREANU, FLORIN BOGDAN, PĂUNESCU, HORIA, GHIȚĂ, ISABEL, COSTESCU, MIHNEA, COMAN, LAURENȚIU, FULGA, ION, and COMAN, OANA ANDREIA
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BIOCHEMICAL mechanism of action ,PAIN management ,ACETAMINOPHEN - Abstract
Copyright of Farmacia is the property of Societatea de Stiinte Farmaceutice Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
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165. Piperazine derivatives with central pharmacological activity used as therapeutic tools.
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Brito, Adriane F., Moreira, Lorrane K. S., Menegatti, Ricardo, and Costa, Elson A.
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PIPERAZINE ,MONOAMINE oxidase ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,NEUROTRANSMITTERS ,CLOZAPINE ,BENZYLPIPERAZINE - Abstract
Medicinal chemistry is a science applied to the search and discovery of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, promising structures have been identified; one of these structures is the piperazine moiety, a cyclic molecule containing two nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4 as well as four carbon atoms. Many piperazine derivatives have central pharmacological activity that mainly involves the activation of the monoamine pathway. Thus, piperazine derivatives have been the subject of research for many central therapeutic applications, including antipsychotic, antidepressant and anxiolytic applications. Benzylpiperazine is the prototype of piperazine derivatives; this substance is the main component of recreational drugs, partly due to its stimulant and euphoric effects. This paper describes some piperazine derivatives used therapeutically as antipsychotic (clozapine), antidepressant (vortioxetine) and anxiolytic (buspirone) drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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166. Study on synthesis and biological effects of a series of 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxamide derivatives.
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Fu, Zhi-Yang, Jin, Qing-Hao, Xia, Ya-Nan, Jiang, Hai-Ying, and Guan, Li-Ping
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In this paper, we have reported the synthesis and biological evaluation of nineteen (S)-N-substituted-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxamide derivatives as novel candidate antidepressant and anticonvulsant agents. Compounds 2h, 2k, 2r, and 2s exhibited better potent antidepressant activity and displayed the antidepressant effects in a dose-dependent manner from 10 to 30 mg/kg in the FST and TST. And, we found that the best antidepressant effect of compounds 2r and 2s are likely mediated by an increase in central nervous system 5-HT and NE. In addition, compounds 2r and 2s also exhibited the anticonvulsant activity against MES-induced seizures. Thus, compounds 2r and 2s may be a useful antidepressant adjunct therapy for treating depression in patients with epilepsy. In addition, compounds 2r and 2s showed the anti-inflammatory activity and the excellent analgesic activity. Several scholars have postulated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of antidepressant drugs, suggesting that they may be possess a similar mechanism of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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167. Women's decision making about antidepressant use during pregnancy: A narrative review.
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Hippman, Catriona and Balneaves, Lynda G.
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MENTAL depression ,DECISION making ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,PREGNANCY ,PRENATAL care ,PREGNANCY complications - Abstract
Background: Depression is common, particularly among women of childbearing age, and can have far-reaching negative consequences if untreated. Efficacious treatments are available, but little is known about how women make depression treatment decisions during pregnancy. The purpose of this narrative review is to interpretively synthesize literature on women's decision making (DM) regarding antidepressant use during pregnancy.Methods: The databases PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched between May 2015 and August 2017 for peer-reviewed, English-language papers using terms such as "depression," "pregnancy," and "DM." The literature matrix abstraction method was used to systematically abstract data from full articles that met criteria for inclusion.Results: Of the articles abstracted (N = 10), half did not cite a DM theory on which the work was based. Key aspects of DM for this population were need for information and decision support, desire for active participation in DM, reflection on beliefs and values, evaluation of treatment option sequelae, and societal expectations. Treatment DM for depression during pregnancy is particularly impacted by the stigma associated with depression and societal expectations of pregnant women related to medication use during pregnancy. These findings, however, were based on studies of predominantly Caucasian and well-educated women.Conclusions: Women require a nonjudgmental environment, in which shared DM feels safe, to foster positive DM experiences and outcomes. Future research is needed to define how to best support women to make depression treatment decisions in pregnancy, with particular attention to DM in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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168. Milnacipran: serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor approved for fibromyalgia may be a useful antidepressant.
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Keks, Nicholas A., Hope, Judy, Keogh, Simone, and Copolov, David L.
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ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,NORADRENALINE ,SEROTONIN uptake inhibitors ,FIBROMYALGIA ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
Objective: Milnacipran is a serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) approved for treatment of fibromyalgia in Australia, but is used for depression in Europe and elsewhere. This paper will briefly review milnacipran and its utility in psychiatry for the treatment of depression.Conclusion: Milnacipran is a dual reuptake inhibitor of noradrenaline and serotonin, with greater effect on noradrenaline than serotonin, in contrast to the related drugs venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine and duloxetine. Rapidly absorbed irrespective of food, milnacipran has a half-life of approximately 8 hours, reaches steady state in 2 days and is excreted renally. Milnacipran helps a minority of patients with fibromyalgia by reducing pain and fatigue. It is also an effective antidepressant with efficacy comparable to venlafaxine and duloxetine, and a side effect profile characteristic of SNRIs. The dose range is 50-200 mg, in divided doses. Milnacipran may be useful for patients with depression and pain, and endogenous depression characterised by anergia, psychomotor retardation and hypersomnia. Caution is necessary in the presence of heart disease, hypertension, renal impairment, epilepsy, glaucoma, bipolar disorder, and bleeding tendency. Milnacipran is likely to be a useful late antidepressant option in treatment-resistant patients, as well as those with chronic pain, anergia and hypersomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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169. THE ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH A NEW TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG
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C.F. George and R.H. Briant
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Pharmacology ,Drug ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Tricyclic antidepressant ,Tricyclic antidepressant drugs ,Long-term potentiation ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Papers ,Microsome ,Medicine ,Antidepressant ,Pharmacology (medical) ,business ,Bethanidine ,media_common - Abstract
1 Methods for the investigation of possible interactions with tricyclic antidepressant drugs are described. These methods have been applied to a new compound, Ciba 34276-Ba, which has been shown to have antidepressant activity. 2 In five normal volunteers tested before and during treatment with Ciba 34276-Ba, no abnormalities of resting or post-exercise electrocardiographs occurred. A three-fold reduction in tyramine-responsiveness was seen in three normal subjects studied, but no potentiation of the noradrenaline pressor effect occurred. One of six patients given Ciba 34276-Ba whilst on long-term treatment with bethanidine showed loss of blood pressure control. 3 The metabolic clearance of antipyrine was unaltered in two subjects studied, showing no evidence of induction or inhibition of hepatic microsomal oxidizing enzymes by Ciba 34276-Ba.
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- 1974
170. The effects of bupropion, a new antidepressant drug, and diazepam, and their interaction in man
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MJ Hamilton, PR Smith, M Bush, and A. W. Peck
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Adult ,Male ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Alcohol ,Pharmacology ,Placebo ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Heart Rate ,Reaction Time ,medicine ,Humans ,Attention ,Drug Interactions ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Bupropion ,media_common ,Propiophenones ,Diazepam ,Ethanol ,business.industry ,Electroencephalography ,Crossover study ,Antidepressive Agents ,Memory, Short-Term ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Papers ,Antidepressant ,Female ,business ,Psychomotor Performance ,medicine.drug ,Vigilance (psychology) - Abstract
The effects of bupropion and ethanol were examined alone and in combination in a placebo controlled, double-blind, crossover study in 12 healthy volunteers. Results were subjected to analysis of variance and differences ofp
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- 1982
171. Influence of genetic polymorphisms in homocysteine and lipid metabolism systems on antidepressant drug response
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Yuan, Baoyu, Sun, Xiaoyan, Xu, Zhi, Pu, Mengjia, Yuan, Yonggui, and Zhang, Zhijun
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- 2020
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172. Interactions between Sympathomimetic Amines and Antidepressant Agents in Man
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A. J. Boakes, P. C. Teoh, B. N. C. Prichard, F. S. K. Barar, D. R. Laurence, and L. T. Benedikter
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Adult ,Male ,Imipramine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ,Epinephrine ,medicine.drug_class ,Adrenergic ,Blood Pressure ,Pharmacology ,Cardiovascular System ,Norepinephrine ,Phenylephrine ,Phenelzine ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Isoprenaline ,medicine ,Humans ,Drug Interactions ,Sympathomimetics ,General Environmental Science ,Monoamine oxidase inhibitor ,business.industry ,Tranylcypromine ,Isoproterenol ,General Engineering ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Drug Synergism ,Papers and Originals ,General Medicine ,Antidepressive Agents ,Endocrinology ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Antidepressant ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Intravenous infusions of phenylephrine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and isoprenaline were given to healthy human volunteers after five to seven days on phenelzine, tranylcypromine, or imipramine, and cardiovascular responses were compared with those observed under control conditions. With monoamine oxidase inhibitors there was a 2-2(1/2) fold potentiation of the pressor effect of phenylephrine, but no clinically significant potentiation of cardiovascular effects of noradrenaline, adrenaline, or isoprenaline. With imipramine there was potentiation of the pressor effects of phenylephrine (2-3 fold), noradrenaline (4-8 fold), and adrenaline (2-4 fold); there were dysrhythmias during adrenaline infusions, but no noticeable or consistent changes in response to isoprenaline.Noradrenaline and adrenaline in amounts contained in local anaesthetics used in dentistry are not likely to be significantly potentiated in otherwise healthy patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Hazardous potentiation of their cardiovascular effects might occur in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants.Our observations do not indicate that the hazards associated with isoprenaline inhalation by bronchial asthmatics would be increased by coincident therapy with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor or tricyclic antidepressant.
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- 1973
173. Paradoxical antidepressant effects of alcohol are related to acid sphingomyelinase and its control of sphingolipid homeostasis
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Muller, Christian, Kalinichenko, Liubov, Tiesel, Jens, Witt, Matthias, Stockl, Thomas, Sprenger, Eva, Fuchser, Jens, Beckmann, Janine, Praetner, Marc, Huber, Sabine, Amato, Davide, Muhle, Christiane, Buttner, Christian, Ekici, Arif, Smaga-Maślanka, Irena, Pomierny-Chamioło, Lucyna, Pomierny, Bartosz, Filip, Małgorzata, Eulenburg, Volker, Gulbins, Erich, Lourdusamy, Anbarasu, Reichel, Martin, and Kornhuber, Johannes
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Sphingomyelin ,0301 basic medicine ,Medizin ,Choice Behavior ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Homeostasis ,Acid sphingomyelinase ,media_common ,Depression ,Antidepressive Agents ,Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ,Nucleus accumbens ,Antidepressant ,Alcohol ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Clinical Neurology ,Mice, Transgenic ,Ion transmembrane transport ,Drug instrumentalization ,Neuroprotection ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Food Preferences ,Reflex, Righting ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Sphingolipids ,Original Paper ,Ethanol ,Superoxide Dismutase ,business.industry ,Addiction ,Sphingolipid ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Monoamine neurotransmitter ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Conditioning, Operant ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Alcohol is a widely consumed drug that can lead to addiction and severe brain damage. However, alcohol is also used as self-medication for psychiatric problems, such as depression, frequently resulting in depression-alcoholism comorbidity. Here, we identify the first molecular mechanism for alcohol use with the goal to self-medicate and ameliorate the behavioral symptoms of a genetically induced innate depression. An induced over-expression of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), as was observed in depressed patients, enhanced the consumption of alcohol in a mouse model of depression. ASM hyperactivity facilitates the establishment of the conditioned behavioral effects of alcohol, and thus drug memories. Opposite effects on drinking and alcohol reward learning were observed in animals with reduced ASM function. Importantly, free-choice alcohol drinking—but not forced alcohol exposure—reduces depression-like behavior selectively in depressed animals through the normalization of brain ASM activity. No such effects were observed in normal mice. ASM hyperactivity caused sphingolipid and subsequent monoamine transmitter hypo-activity in the brain. Free-choice alcohol drinking restores nucleus accumbens sphingolipid- and monoamine homeostasis selectively in depressed mice. A gene expression analysis suggested strong control of ASM on the expression of genes related to the regulation of pH, ion transmembrane transport, behavioral fear response, neuroprotection and neuropeptide signaling pathways. These findings suggest that the paradoxical antidepressant effects of alcohol in depressed organisms are mediated by ASM and its control of sphingolipid homeostasis. Both emerge as a new treatment target specifically for depression-induced alcoholism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00401-016-1658-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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174. Does good leadership buffer effects of high emotional demands at work on risk of antidepressant treatment? A prospective study from two Nordic countries
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Ida E. H. Madsen, Reiner Rugulies, Linda L. Magnusson Hanson, Hermann Burr, Hugo Westerlund, Töres Theorell, and Finn Diderichsen
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Adult ,Employment ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Work ,Health (social science) ,Social Psychology ,Epidemiology ,Denmark ,Emotions ,Stress ,Health(social science) ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,Common mental disorder ,Prospective Studies ,Occupations ,Prospective cohort study ,Psychiatry ,Association (psychology) ,Workplace ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Sweden ,Original Paper ,Depression ,Incidence ,Mental Disorders ,Middle Aged ,Mental health ,Antidepressive Agents ,Leadership ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Increased risk ,Mental Health ,Work (electrical) ,Antidepressant ,Female ,Psychology ,Stress, Psychological ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Purpose Emotionally demanding work has been associated with increased risk of common mental disorders. Because emotional demands may not be preventable in certain occupations, the identification of workplace factors that can modify this association is vital. This article examines whether effects of emotional demands on antidepressant treatment, as an indicator of common mental disorders, are buffered by good leadership. Methods We used data from two nationally representative work environment studies, the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (n = 6,096) and the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (n = 3,411), which were merged with national registers on antidepressant purchases. All individuals with poor self-reported baseline mental health or antidepressant purchases within 8.7 months before baseline were excluded, and data analysed prospectively. Using Cox regression, we examined hazard ratios (HRs) for antidepressants in relation to the joint effects of emotional demands and leadership quality. Buffering was assessed with Rothman’s synergy index. Cohort-specific risk estimates were pooled by random effects meta-analysis. Results High emotional demands at work were associated with antidepressant treatment whether quality of leadership was poor (HR = 1.84, 95 % CI 1.32–2.57) or good (HR = 1.70, 95 % CI 1.25–2.31). The synergy index was 0.66 (95 % CI 0.34–1.28). Conclusions Our findings suggest that good leadership does not substantially ameliorate any effects of emotional demands at work on employee mental health. Further research is needed to identify possible preventive measures for this work environment exposure.
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175. Influences on antidepressant prescribing trends in the UK: 1995–2011
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Richard M. Martin, Becky Mars, David Kessler, David Gunnell, Kyla H Thomas, Neil M Davies, and Jon Heron
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trends ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Health (social science) ,Social Psychology ,Epidemiology ,Poison control ,Drug Prescriptions ,Occupational safety and health ,Health(social science) ,03 medical and health sciences ,primary care ,0302 clinical medicine ,Injury prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical prescription ,Retrospective Studies ,general practice ,Original Paper ,Primary Health Care ,business.industry ,prescribing ,Antidepressants ,Serotonin reuptake ,Primary care ,Antidepressive Agents ,United Kingdom ,3. Good health ,030227 psychiatry ,Prescribing ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Drug class ,antidepressants ,Antidepressant ,Trends ,General practice ,business - Abstract
Purpose The number of antidepressants prescribed in the UK has been increasing over the last 25 years; however, the reasons for this are not clear. This study examined trends in antidepressant prescribing in the UK between 1995 and 2011 according to age, sex, and drug class, and investigated reasons for the increase in prescribing over this period. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of antidepressant prescribing data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink: a large, anonymised, primary care database in the UK. The dataset used in this study included 138 practices, at which a total of 1,524,201 eligible patients were registered across the 17-year period. The proportion of patients who received at least one antidepressant prescription and the number of patients who started a course of antidepressants were calculated for each year of the study. We used person years (PY) at risk as the denominator. The duration of treatment for those starting antidepressants was also examined. Results 23% of patients were prescribed an antidepressant on at least one occasion over the 17-year study period. Antidepressant prescriptions rose from 61.9 per 1000 PY in 1995 to 129.9 per 1000 PY in 2011. This was largely driven by an increase in prescribing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and ‘other’ antidepressants. In contrast, incidence rates of those starting antidepressants remained relatively stable (1995: 21.3 per 1000 PY; 2011: 17.9 per 1000 PY). The duration of treatment increased with later starting years, with an increasing proportion of long-term use, and decrease in short-term use. Conclusion The increase in antidepressant prescribing over the study period appears to be driven by an increase in long-term use of these medications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00127-016-1306-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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176. The role of serotonin neurotransmission in rapid antidepressant actions
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Pehrson, A. L., Roberts, D., Khawaja, A., and McNair, R.
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- 2022
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177. Depression Detection Using Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing Techniques: A Comparative Study
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Mesquita, Francisco, Maurício, José, Marques, Gonçalo, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Vasconcelos, Verónica, editor, Domingues, Inês, editor, and Paredes, Simão, editor
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- 2024
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178. Neurotrophic factors and neuroplasticity pathways in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression
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Levy, Marion J. F., Boulle, Fabien, Steinbusch, Harry W., van den Hove, Daniël L. A., Kenis, Gunter, and Lanfumey, Laurence
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- 2018
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179. IMIPRAMINE AND 'DRINAMYL' IN DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS: A COMPARATIVE TRIAL
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C. McCance, W. O. McCormick, and E. H. Hare
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Amylobarbitone sodium ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Imipramine ,Dextroamphetamine ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Toxicology ,Medicine ,Imipramine Hydrochloride ,Psychiatry ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Pharmacology ,Depressive Disorder ,business.industry ,Depression ,General Engineering ,General Medicine ,Papers and Originals ,Comparative trial ,National health service ,Antidepressive Agents ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Antidepressant ,Amobarbital ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
It is surprising that, so far as we can ascertain, no trial has been reported in which the efficacy of a modern "anti depressive " drug has been compared with that of a combina tion of drugs (dexamphetamine and amylobarbitone) widely used in the treatment of depressive illness before the newer drugs were introduced five or six years ago. Proprietary mixtures of dexamphetamine and amylobarbitone are still advertised as of value in depression, and the lack of any comparative trial is perhaps more surprising when it is remembered that the basic cost to the National Health Service of a week's treatment with the ingredients of such mixtures (dexamphetamine sulphate 5 mg. and amylobarbitone sodium 50 mg. t.i.d.) is 5d., while that of the currently most popular antidepressant (imipramine hydrochloride (" tofranil ") 50 mg. t.i.d.) is about 11s. 6d. In this paper we report a controlled comparative trial of imipramine and a proprietary mixture of dexamphetamine and amylobarbitone ("drinamyl"), in the treatment of depressive illness.
- Published
- 1964
180. Epileptic Seizures Under Antidepressive Drug Treatment: Systematic Review.
- Author
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Steinert, Tilman and Fröscher, Walter
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EPILEPSY ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,QUETIAPINE ,AMITRIPTYLINE - Abstract
Objective This paper is a systematic review on seizures under treatment with substances licensed for major depression. Method Systematic review protocol is available in PROSPERO registration number CRD42016034010. Twenty-five substances were selected according to frequencies of prescriptions and publications. A PubMed search was conducted with "substance name" and "seizure." Results A total of 2291 articles were screened, out of which 164 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Data synthesis was possible only to a limited extent due to heterogeneity of included patients, observation periods, methods, and outcomes. Evidence for an at most moderate, but still low, risk ( > 0.1 % under regular doses) was found highest for clomipramine, followed by quetiapine, amitriptyline, venlafaxine, citalopram, sertraline, trazodone, mirtazapine, paroxetine, bupropion, and escitalopram. For fluoxetine and duloxetine, the risk seems to be negligible. For the other, mostly newer, substances, sufficient evidence was not available. An increased risk for lithium, as reported in many reviews and textbooks, could not be confirmed. Conclusions Antidepressive treatment is rather safe in terms of risk of seizures and also can be generally recommended in the treatment of patients with epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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181. Association between antidepressant medication use and epithelial ovarian cancer risk: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies.
- Author
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Huo, Yun‐Long, Qiao, Jia‐Ming, and Gao, Song
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OVARIAN epithelial cancer ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,SEROTONIN uptake inhibitors ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ODDS ratio ,CANCER treatment - Abstract
Aim: The aim of this paper is to clarify the inconsistent findings in the association between antidepressant use and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: This study is a meta‐analysis of observational studies retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases prior to August 15, 2017. Two researchers independently screened studies and extracted study characteristics and risk estimates. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of EOC risk were summarized using an inverse variance weighted random‐effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed with the I
2 statistic. Results: Eight case–control studies involving 7878 EOC cases and 73 913 controls were identified. Compared with non‐use, use of antidepressants was not significantly associated with EOC risk (summarized OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.91–1.32, I2 = 74.4%). Similar null results were also observed in the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.80–1.35), tricyclic antidepressants (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.79–1.30), and other antidepressant drugs (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.74–1.12). Subgroup analyses of study characteristics, stratified by the type of control subjects, geographic location, exposure assessment, number of cases, and adjustment for potential confounders, showed that the ORs were broadly consistent across strata. The OR per 1 year‐increment of duration was 0.99 (95% CI = 0.94–1.05, I2 = 40.0%, P = 0.154). Additionally, the OR for the greatest intensity of antidepressant use compared with never use was 0.82 (95% CI = 0.70–0.98, I2 = 0%, P = 0.489). Furthermore, no evidence of publication bias was detected through Funnel plots as well as Egger's and Begg's tests. Conclusions: There is no association between antidepressant use and EOC risk. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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182. Iatrogenic epilepsy due to antidepressant drugs
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Kenneth W. G. Heathfield and Vera Dallos
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Imipramine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Amitriptyline ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Chlordiazepoxide ,Epilepsy ,Electroconvulsive therapy ,Humans ,Medicine ,Family history ,Electroconvulsive Therapy ,General Environmental Science ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Papers and Originals ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Antidepressive Agents ,Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ,Alcoholism ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Anticonvulsant ,Anesthesia ,Barbiturates ,Perphenazine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Antidepressant ,Brain Damage, Chronic ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CASE HISTORIES OF NINE PATIENTS WHO DEVELOPED EPILEPTIC FITS SHORTLY AFTER STARTING TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS SHOWED THAT ALL OF THEM HAD ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: previous or family history of epilepsy, pre-existing brain damage, cerebral arteriosclerosis, alcoholism, withdrawal of barbiturates, and history of previous electric convulsive therapy. Before prescribing antidepressant drugs these factors should be sought for in the history, and if any are present prophylactic anticonvulsant medication is indicated. From a limited experience we do not think that chlordiazepoxide is adequate to counteract the convulsant effect of antidepressant drugs.
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- 1969
183. Effect of Electric Convulsion Therapy on Urinary Excretion of 3', 5' Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate
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Dennis V. Parke, Kamel Hamadah, Helen Holmes, Gordon C. Hartman, and G. B. Barker
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Brain tissue ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Electroconvulsive therapy ,Urinary excretion ,Internal medicine ,Convulsion ,Cyclic AMP ,medicine ,Humans ,Cyclic adenosine monophosphate ,Electroconvulsive Therapy ,Depressive symptoms ,General Environmental Science ,Depression ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Brain ,Papers and Originals ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Antidepressant ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Electric convulsion therapy (E.C.T.) was used in the treatment of 13 women inpatients suffering from depressive symptoms. Twelve of the patients showed a significant increase in urinary excretion of 3′, 5′ cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on the day of treatment, whereas four controls who received all or part of the preliminary treatment but no electric shock showed a reduction. The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the antidepressant action of E.C.T. is mediated through an increased production of cAMP in brain tissue.
- Published
- 1972
184. A scoping review of the effects of mushroom and fungus extracts in rodent models of depression and tests of antidepressant activity.
- Author
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Wang, Catherine K., Kim, Gio, Aleksandrova, Lily R., Panenka, William J., and Barr, Alasdair M.
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ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,MUSHROOMS ,FUNGI ,MENTAL depression ,PSILOCYBIN ,AFFECTIVE disorders ,CINAHL database ,CULTIVATED mushroom - Abstract
One of the most important developments in psychopharmacology in the past decade has been the emergence of novel treatments for mood disorders, such as psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. Psilocybin is most commonly found in different species of mushroom; however, the literature on mushroom and fungus extracts with potential antidepressant activity extends well beyond just psilocybin-containing mushrooms, and includes both psychedelic and non-psychedelic species. In the current review, we systematically review the preclinical literature on mushroom and fungus extracts, and their effects of animal models of depression and tests of antidepressant activity. The PICO structure, PRISMA checklist and the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of intervention were used to guide the search strategy. A scoping search was conducted in electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase and Web of Science. The literature search identified 50 relevant and suitable published studies. These included 19 different species of mushrooms, as well as seven different species of other fungi. Nearly all studies reported antidepressant-like effects of treatment with extracts. Treatments were most commonly delivered orally, in both acute and chronically administered studies to predominantly male rodents. Multiple animal models of depression were used, the most common being unpredictable chronic mild stress, while the tail suspension test and forced swim test were most frequently used as standalone antidepressant screens. Details on each experiment with mushroom and fungus species are discussed in detail, while an evaluation is provided of the strengths and weaknesses of these studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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185. Anxiolytic-Like and Antidepressant Effects of a 13H-indolo[2,3-a]thiopyrano[2,3-g]quinolizine Derivative.
- Author
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Castillo-Espinoza, Carlos E., González-Rivera, María Leonor, Medina-Ortiz, Alberto, Barragan-Galvez, Juan Carlos, Hidalgo-Figueroa, Sergio, Cruz Cruz, David, Deveze-Alvarez, Martha Alicia, González-García, Gerardo, Villegas Gómez, Clarisa, and Alonso-Castro, Angel Josabad
- Subjects
DRUG discovery ,MENTAL depression ,DOSAGE forms of drugs ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,ANXIETY disorders ,MOLECULAR docking - Abstract
Depressive and anxiety disorders constitute some of the most prevalent mental disorders around the world. For years, the development of new lead compounds for drug discovery in this field has been an area of great attention. Recently, a series of tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives have demonstrated important anxiolytic-like activity, associated with their structures and stereochemistry. Here, we present a study of the antidepressant effect and anxiolytic-like activity of a fused thiopyrano-piperidone-tetrahydrocarboline (compound 4). The antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects of 4 (1–50 mg/kg p.o.) were assessed with the tail suspension test and the hole-board test, respectively. This study determined the possible mechanisms involved in the anxiolytic-like actions of 4 using inhibitors or neurotransmission and evaluated its interaction with 5HT
2A receptors using a molecular docking study. As an analog to the tetrahydrocarbazole core, the tetrahydrocarboline derivative showed anxiolytic-like activity (ED50 = 13 mg/kg p.o.) in the hole-board test, with a comparable effect to the reference drug, 1.5 mg/kg clonazepam, with the possible participation of the serotonergic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. The utility of PET imaging in depression.
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Singh, Shashi B., Tiwari, Atit, Katta, Maanya R., Kafle, Riju, Ayubcha, Cyrus, Patel, Krishna H., Bhattarai, Yash, Werner, Thomas J., Alavi, Abass, and Revheim, Mona-Elisabeth
- Subjects
POSITRON emission tomography ,DEEP brain stimulation ,ELECTROCONVULSIVE therapy ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
This educational review article aims to discuss growing evidence from PET studies in the diagnosis and treatment of depression. PET has been used in depression to explore the neurotransmitters involved, the alterations in neuroreceptors, non-neuroreceptor targets (e.g., microglia and astrocytes), the severity and duration of the disease, the pharmacodynamics of various antidepressants, and neurobiological mechanisms of non-pharmacological therapies like psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and deep brain stimulation therapy, by showing changes in brainmetabolismand receptor and non-receptor targets. Studies have revealed alterations in neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin, dopamine, GABA, and glutamate, which are linked to the pathophysiology of depression. Overall, PET imaging has furthered the neurobiological understanding of depression. Despite these advancements, PET findings have not yet led to significant changes in evidence-based practices. Addressing the reasons behind inconsistencies in PET imaging results, conducting large sample size studies with a more standardized methodological approach, and investigating further the genetic and neurobiological aspects of depression may better leverage PET imaging in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
187. Psilocybin promotes neuroplasticity and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in mice.
- Author
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Zhao, Xiangting, Du, Yingjie, Yao, Yishan, Dai, Wei, Yin, Yongyu, Wang, Guyan, Li, Yunfeng, and Zhang, Liming
- Subjects
PSILOCYBIN ,DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology ,NEUROPLASTICITY ,DENDRITIC spines ,PREFRONTAL cortex ,MICE ,CELLULAR signal transduction - Abstract
Background: Psilocybin offers new hope for treating mood disorders due to its rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, as standard medications require weeks or months to exert their effects. However, the mechanisms underlying this action of psilocybin have not been identified. Aims: To investigate whether psilocybin has rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in mice and investigate whether its potential mechanisms of action are related to promoted neuroplasticity. Methods: We first examined the antidepressant-like effects of psilocybin in normal mice by the forced swimming test and in chronic corticosterone (CORT)-exposed mice by the sucrose preference test and novelty-suppressed feeding test. Furthermore, to explore the role of neuroplasticity in mediating the antidepressant-like effects of psilocybin, we measured structural neuroplasticity and neuroplasticity-associated protein levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Results: We observed that a single dose of psilocybin had rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in both healthy mice and chronic CORT-exposed mice. Moreover, psilocybin ameliorated chronic CORT exposure-induced inhibition of neuroplasticity in the PFC and hippocampus, including by increasing neuroplasticity (total number of dendritic branches and dendritic spine density), synaptic protein (p-GluA1, PSD95 and synapsin-1) levels, BDNF-mTOR signalling pathway activation (BDNF, TrkB and mTOR levels), and promoting neurogenesis (number of DCX-positive cells). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that psilocybin elicits robust, rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects which is accompanied by the promotion of neuroplasticity in the PFC and hippocampus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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188. Compritol®-based solid lipid nanoparticles of desvenlafaxine prepared by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify its release.
- Author
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Rao, Huma, Rao, Iqra, Ahmad, Saeed, Madni, Asadullah, and Ahmad, Imtiaz
- Abstract
Aims: Desvenlafaxine (DES) in conventional dosage forms shows initial burst release after oral administration, leading to exaggeration of its side effects. These side effects can be overcome by a sustained-release dosage form using the chemically inert, low-melting-point lipid Compritol
® 888 ATO, as it reduces initial burst release. Materials & methods: The potential of DES-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (DES-SLNs) synthesized by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify the release of DES was investigated. Results: The entrapment efficiency of DES-SLNs was 65.90% with the in vitro release profile showing a sustained-release behavior achieving 81% cumulative release within 16 h without initial burst release. Conclusion: DES-SLNs are a potential carrier for sustained release of water-soluble antidepressant drugs such as DES. Summary points Desvenlafaxine (DES) is a hydrophilic drug showing initial burst release from conventional dosage forms. It is rapidly absorbed after its oral administration, which intensifies its side effects. Its burst release was overcome by incorporating it into Compritol-based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). DES-SLNs prepared by the hot-melt encapsulation technique had a particle size of 156 nm with an encapsulation efficiency of 69.50% and appeared spherical with a smooth surface when observed under a scanning electron microscope. The DES-SLNs had a polydispersity index value of 0.139, indicative of homogenous dispersion. x-ray diffraction analysis revealed the conversion of DES from crystalline form to amorphous form, exhibiting molecular dispersion of the DES in the Compritol matrix. An in vitro release study of DES presented a sustained release of drug from lipid matrix with no initial burst release that is observed in commercially available tablets of DES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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189. Potential antidepressant effects of Traditional Chinese botanical drug formula Chaihu-Shugan-San and its active ingredients.
- Author
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Ziyi Guo, Tianjian Long, Jianping Yao, Yamin Li, Lu Xiao, and Min Chen
- Subjects
MEDICAL botany ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,HYPOTHALAMIC-pituitary-adrenal axis ,NEUROTRANSMITTERS ,NEUROPLASTICITY ,MENTAL illness ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
Background: Depression is a severe mental disorder that poses a significant threat to both the physical and mental wellbeing of individuals. Currently, there are various methods for treating depression, including traditional Chinese herbal formulations like Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS), which have shown effective antidepressant effects in both clinical and animal research. Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of evidence related to CSS, considering both preclinical and clinical studies, to uncover its potential multi-level, multi-pathway, and multi-target mechanisms for treating depression and identify its active ingredients. Methods: A thorough search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang, using keywords such as "Chaihu Shugan" and "depression" to retrieve relevant literature on CSS and its active ingredients. The review process adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: This review consolidates the mechanisms underlying antidepressant effects of CSS and its active ingredients. It emphasizes its involvement in the regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, among other aspects. Conclusion: CSS exerts a pivotal role in treating depression through various pathways, including the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, synaptic plasticity, inflammation, brainderived neurotrophic factor levels, and the brain-gut axis. This review facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the current state of CSS research, fostering an in-depth exploration of the etiological mechanisms of depression and the potential discovery of novel antidepressant drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
190. بررسی اثرات ضد افسردگی و ضد اضطرابی عصاره الکلی شاه افسر در موشهای سوری تر.
- Author
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رحمت اله پرندین and فائزه عباسی
- Subjects
OXIDATION-reduction reaction ,PHYSIOLOGIC salines ,INTRAPERITONEAL injections ,FLUOXETINE ,BRAIN ,RESERPINE ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MOVEMENT disorders ,PLANT extracts ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,RATS ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology ,MEDICINAL plants ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,ANIMAL experimentation ,ANIMAL behavior ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,MENTAL depression ,MALONDIALDEHYDE ,PHARMACODYNAMICS - Abstract
Background Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders that can affect a person’s mood and change his/her perception of the self and environment. Melilotus officinalis L. plant contains effective substances and antioxidant compounds. Objective The present study aims to investigate the antidepressant effects of alcoholic extract of Melilotus officinalis L. in male rats. Methods In this experimental research, 42 male rats were divided into six groups of 7 including control (normal saline), negative control (reserpine), positive control (reserpine+fluoxetine) and three reserpine groups treated by intraperitoneal injection of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg doses of alcoholic extract of Melilotus officinalis L. Behavioral tests including forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used to evaluate depression, and the antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde level were also measured. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 20 using one-way analysis of variance. The significance level was set at P<0.05. Results The 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses of alcoholic extract significantly reduced the duration of immobility in the FST compared to the negative control. In the TST, the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg showed a significant increase compared to the negative control. The doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of the brain compared to the negative control. The doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of the brain compared to the negative control. Conclusion The alcoholic extract of Melilotus officinalis L has antidepressant effects similar to fluoxetine probably due to its antioxidant compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. Bupleurum in Treatment of Depression Disorder: A Comprehensive Review.
- Author
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Ran, Shuzhen, Peng, Rui, Guo, Qingwan, Cui, Jinshuai, Chen, Gang, and Wang, Ziying
- Subjects
BUPLEURUM ,HEPATIC fibrosis ,BRAIN-derived neurotrophic factor ,CHINESE medicine ,LIVER cells ,HERBS - Abstract
The incidence of depression has been steadily rising in recent years, making it one of the most prevalent mental illnesses. As the pursuit of novel antidepressant drugs captivates the pharmaceutical field, the therapeutic efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely explored. Chaihu (Bupleurum) has been traditionally used for liver conditions such as hepatitis, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. It is believed to have hepatoprotective effects, promoting liver cell regeneration and protecting against liver damage. In addition, Bupleurum has also been used as a Jie Yu (depression-relieving) medicine in China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and other Asian countries for centuries. This review article aims to summarize the research conducted on the antidepressant properties and mechanisms of Bupleurum, as well as discuss the potential of TCM formulas containing Bupleurum. This review highlights various antidepressant ingredients isolated from Bupleurum, including saikosaponin A, saikosaponin D, rutin, puerarin, and quercetin, each with distinct mechanisms of action. Additionally, Chinese herb prescriptions and extracts containing Bupleurum, such as Chaihu Shugansan, Xiaoyaosan, and Sinisan, are also included due to their demonstrated antidepressant effects. This review reveals that these Bupleurum compounds exhibit antidepressant effects through the regulation of neurotransmitter mechanisms (such as 5-HT and DA), the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) system, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and other intracellular signaling pathways. Collectively, this comprehensive review provides insights into the multiple applications of Bupleurum in the treatment of depression and highlights its potential as an alternative or complementary approach to traditional therapies. However, it is essential to consider the potential adverse effects and clinical restrictions of Bupleurum despite its promising potential. Further research is needed to elucidate its specific mechanisms of action and evaluate its effectiveness in human subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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192. Development of the Creating Comfort in Choice Theory of Decision Making Regarding Antidepressant Use in Pregnancy: "The Biggest Decision I've Ever Made".
- Author
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Hippman, Catriona, Balneaves, Lynda G., Ryan, Deirdre, and Austin, Jehannine
- Subjects
FEAR ,SOCIAL constructionism ,FEMINISM ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,INTERVIEWING ,STATISTICAL sampling ,MENTAL illness ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,NEGOTIATION ,JUDGMENT sampling ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,PREGNANT women ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,SOUND recordings ,LONGITUDINAL method ,SOCIAL context ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,RESEARCH methodology ,GUILT (Psychology) ,MATHEMATICAL models ,THEORY ,GROUNDED theory ,PATIENT decision making ,DATA analysis software ,MENTAL depression ,SOCIAL stigma ,INFORMATION-seeking behavior ,PREGNANCY - Abstract
Prenatal depression affects approximately 10% to 15% of women. Guidelines recommend supporting women to make informed treatment decisions; however, minimal evidence exists regarding this decision-making process. This study aimed to develop a constructivist grounded theory of prenatal antidepressant treatment decision-making. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively sampled women from the community or specialty clinics (N = 31). Iterative data collection and analysis, theoretical sampling, and member checking supported model sufficiency. In the Creating Comfort in Choice theory that we developed, participants were highly conscious of societal stigma toward mental illness and prenatal medication use, so fear, anxiety, and guilt dominated decision-making. Participants navigated dynamically among three clusters of decision-making activities: seeking information, making sense of information, and self-soothing. "Seeking information" included internal and external processes. In "making sense of information," participants appraised available evidence. In "self-soothing," participants engaged in coping strategies to try to alleviate painful emotions. The Creating Comfort in Choice theory can support patient-oriented decision-making regarding prenatal mental healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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193. Treating Yourself as an Object: Self-Objectification and the Ethical Dimensions of Antidepressant Use.
- Author
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Hoffman, Ginger
- Abstract
In this paper, I offer one moral reason to eschew antidepressant medication in favor of cognitive therapy, all other things being equal: taking antidepressants can be a form of self-objectification. This means that, by taking antidepressants, one treats oneself, in some sense and some cases, like a mere object. I contend that, morally, this amounts to a specific form of devaluing oneself. I argue this as follows. First, I offer a detailed definition of 'objectification' and argue for the possibility of self-objectification on this definition. I then explain why this form of self-objectification is morally problematic. (Morally problematic does not mean morally impermissible. It means, instead, that there is a moral reason opposing the activity in question). After, I describe how taking antidepressants can count as self-objectifying. Finally, I defend my thesis against a key objection offered by Levy. Thus, assuming that antidepressants and cognitive therapy are equally efficacious, and that all other things are equal, the self-objectifying character of antidepressants is a compelling reason to regard cognitive therapy as a first-choice treatment for depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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194. Depression and Executive Dysfunction in Stroke.
- Author
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Kyoung-Sae Na, Shin-Gyeom Kim, Soyoung Irene Lee, and Han-Yong Jung
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,STROKE risk factors ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,DISABILITIES ,CYTOKINES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Depression and executive dysfunction are common neuropsychiatric sequelae of stroke. Patients with stroke are more predisposed to depression and executive dysfunction compared to patients with similar degree of physical disability. Both depression and executive dysfunction are also associated with poor prognosis such as high mortality and delayed recovery after stroke. Complex neurobiological and anatomical mechanisms are associated with the development of depression and executive dysfunction after stroke. Activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines is thought to be associated with onset of depression, whereas injuries in frontal-subcortical circuit are thought to be a link between depression and executive dysfunction. Early detection of depressive symptoms and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment would be helpful. In this review paper, the authors investigated 1) biological and neuroanatomical substrate for poststroke depression and executive dysfunction, 2) the relationship and common etiopathology for poststroke depression and executive dysfunction, and 3) pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for poststroke depression. The contents of the paper are as follows : the prevalence, clinical manifestation, and biological etiology for poststroke depression, neuroanatomical abnormalities as a common etiological factor for depression and executive dysfunction, pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
195. DSP-6745, a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine modulator with rapid antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic and procognitive effects
- Author
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Kitaichi, Maiko, Kato, Taro, Oki, Hitomi, Tatara, Ayaka, Kawada, Takuya, Miyazaki, Kenji, Ishikawa, Chihiro, Kaneda, Katsuyuki, and Shimizu, Isao
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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196. Partial mGlu5 receptor NAM, M-5MPEP, induces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in the BDNF-dependent mechanism and enhances (R)-ketamine action in mice
- Author
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Pałucha-Poniewiera, Agnieszka, Rafało-Ulińska, Anna, Santocki, Michal, Babii, Yana, and Kaczorowska, Katarzyna
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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197. Neuroanatomical substrates of depression in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease
- Author
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Querry, Manon, Botzung, Anne, Cretin, Benjamin, Demuynck, Catherine, Muller, Candice, Ravier, Alix, Schorr, Benoît, Mondino, Mary, Sanna, Léa, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Philippi, Nathalie, and Blanc, Frédéric
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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198. Comparison of the Effect of the Antidepressants Imipramine and Fluoxetine on the Sleep–Wake Cycle and Characteristics of Sleep Spindles in Wag/Rij Rats with Absence Epilepsy and Comorbid Depression
- Author
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Gabova, A. V., Fedosova, E. A., and Sarkisova, K. Yu.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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199. Alcohol and toxicological factors influencing fatal falls from height in the Greater Tokyo Area: a retrospective study
- Author
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Wen, Shuheng, Unuma, Kana, Hanazawa, Ryoichi, Nagano, Shutaro, Watanabe, Ryo, Hirakawa, Akihiro, and Uemura, Koichi
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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200. Pharmacological update of mirtazapine: a narrative literature review
- Author
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Hassanein, Emad H. M., Althagafy, Hanan S., Baraka, Mohammad A., Abd-alhameed, Esraa K., and Ibrahim, Islam M.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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