1. Alejandro Lipschutz Friedman: un marxista indigenista del siglo XX.
- Author
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Vergara, Jaime Navarrete
- Subjects
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INDIGENISM , *POLITICAL debates , *LATIN American history , *MARXIST philosophy , *ANTHROPOLOGY , *PRAXIS (Process) , *MAPUCHE (South American people) , *TRIBES - Abstract
This article describes, first, the so-called "indigenist" period in Latin America (1940-1971), characterizing the main aspects of the historical and political context in which Lipschutz developed his intellectual and indigenist trajectory. Secondly, it defines the development of Chilean anthropology, with the objective of identifying central elements of the discipline, especially during the sixties. Thirdly, it registers his intellectual bet for a critical anthropology and his impulse to the "philosophy of praxis", exposing the characteristics of his political commitment. Fourthly, it examines the context and use of the categories of "tribe" and "community", defining what will be called an "anthropological Marxism", that is, a certain "theoretical and political configuration" that allowed Lipschutz to intervene in certain national political debates. Finally, it will analyze the relationship between Lipschutz's intellectual perspective and the socialist government of the Unidad Popular (1970-1973), whose main expression crystallized in the drafting of a new Indigenous Law (1972) and the contribution of his theoretical categories to the discussion of the legislative project itself. The article argues that Lipschutz managed to articulate his indigenist, Marxist and anthropological perspective to the new political scenario inaugurated by the Unidad Popular, linking himself with the demands of a new generation of Mapuche leaders and militants, one of the most forgotten actors of the "Chilean road to socialism". This perspective to think the indigenous reality of the continent -and especially the Mapuche question in Chile- was an original attempt within the history of Chilean and Latin American indigenism in the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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