1. Glycosylation and an amino acid insertion in the head of hemagglutinin independently affect the antigenic properties of H5N1 avian influenza viruses.
- Author
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Gu C, Zeng X, Song Y, Li Y, Liu L, Kawaoka Y, Zhao D, and Chen H
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acids genetics, Amino Acids metabolism, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Antibodies, Viral genetics, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Antibodies, Viral metabolism, Antigens, Viral genetics, Antigens, Viral metabolism, Chickens virology, Glycosylation, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus genetics, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus metabolism, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype genetics, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype metabolism, Influenza Vaccines genetics, Influenza Vaccines immunology, Influenza Vaccines metabolism, Influenza in Birds genetics, Influenza in Birds immunology, Influenza in Birds virology, Influenza, Human genetics, Influenza, Human immunology, Influenza, Human virology, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Amino Acids immunology, Antigens, Viral immunology, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus immunology, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype immunology
- Abstract
Antigenic drift forces us to frequently update influenza vaccines; however, the genetic basis for antigenic variation remains largely unknown. In this study, we used clade 7.2 H5 viruses as models to explore the molecular determinants of influenza virus antigenic variation. We generated eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeted to the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of the index virus A/chicken/Shanxi/2/2006 and found that two representative antigenically drifted clade 7.2 viruses did not react with six of the eight MAbs. The E131N mutation and insertion of leucine at position 134 in the HA protein of the antigenically drifted strains eliminated the reactivity of the virus with the MAbs. We also found that the amino acid N131 in the H5 HA protein is glycosylated. Our results provide experimental evidence that glycosylation and an amino acid insertion or deletion in HA influence antigenic variation.
- Published
- 2019
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