Search

The application of remote sensing techniques and prediction models for soybean rust (SBR) monitoring may result in different fungicide application timings, control efficacy, and spraying performance. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of a prediction model as a threshold for disease control decision-making and to identify the effect of different application timings on SBR control as well as on the spraying technology. There were two experimental trials that were conducted in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme: 2 cultivars (susceptible and partially resistant to SBR); and four application timings (conventional chemical control at a calendarized system basis; based on the prediction model; at the appearance of the first visible symptoms; and control without fungicide application). Spray deposit and coverage at each application timing were evaluated in the lower and upper region of the soybean canopy through quantitative analysis of a tracer and water-sensitive papers. The prediction model was calculated based on leaf reflectance data that were collected by remote sensing. Application timings impacted the application technology as well as control efficacy. Calendarized system applications were conducted earlier, promoting different spray performances. Spraying at moments when the leaf area index was higher obtained poorer distribution. None of the treatments were capable of achieving high spray penetration into the canopy. The partially resistant cultivar was effective in holding disease progress during the crop season, whereas all treatments with chemical control resulted in less disease impact. The use of the prediction model was effective and promising to be integrated into disease management programs.

The tomato is one of the main crops in Brazil. In large-scale cultivation, pesticides are applied to the plant to prevent the direct or indirect action of animal or vegetable life, aiming at higher productivity and better quality fruit. However, the products, if used incorrectly, may affect the health of workers involved in the activity. A prototype of a self-propelled sprayer, remotely controlled and monitored via radio signals, was therefore developed to be used in tomato crops, thus minimising worker contact with the chemical substances used when spraying. The basic prototype comprises an agricultural mini-tractor, a motorised pneumatic sprayer (atomiser) and a set of electronic and mechanical sensors and actuators, which allow the assembly to be controlled remotely and images captured by a video camera to be viewed on a tablet. After development, the principal dimension, weight and operational characteristics of the prototype were identified; the prototype was also used for spraying ten tomato plants in the crop, with seven different points being observed for each plant. The results were analysed statistically, giving the following coefficients of variation: 15.13% for spray coverage, 18.70% for droplet density and 16.68% for product deposition on the folioles. Based on these values, it was concluded that the development of a remotely controlled and monitored self-propelled sprayer prototype, and its use in spraying tomato crops, were viable.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582009000200023.pdf: 220575 bytes, checksum: 742ca24964a224c0cb22e2b4750864a6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582009000200023.pdf: 220575 bytes, checksum: 742ca24964a224c0cb22e2b4750864a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:47:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582009000200023.pdf: 220575 bytes, checksum: 742ca24964a224c0cb22e2b4750864a6 (MD5) S0100-83582009000200023.pdf.txt: 33656 bytes, checksum: f7d55d7ed64d119af3e4c48af37fcd05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582009000200023.pdf: 220575 bytes, checksum: 742ca24964a224c0cb22e2b4750864a6 (MD5) S0100-83582009000200023.pdf.txt: 33656 bytes, checksum: f7d55d7ed64d119af3e4c48af37fcd05 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582009000200023.pdf: 220575 bytes, checksum: 742ca24964a224c0cb22e2b4750864a6 (MD5) S0100-83582009000200023.pdf.txt: 33656 bytes, checksum: f7d55d7ed64d119af3e4c48af37fcd05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o depósito de calda pulverizada por dois tipos de pontas de pulverização sob plantas de alface-d'água (Pistia stratiotes) dispostas em diferentes arranjos populacionais com plantas de aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) e salvínia (Salvinia auriculata). Para isso, foi conduzido um experimento em condições de caixas-d'água em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos estiveram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 8, sendo dois tipos de pontas de pulverização (ConeJet TXVK-8 e TeeJet DG 11002 VS) e oito proporções entre as plantas aquáticas, a saber: dominância total da área correspondente a 100% de cobertura da caixa-d'água pelas plantas de alface-d'água; e as proporções entre plantas de alface-d'água e plantas de aguapé ou salvínia a 75%:25%, 50%:50% e 25%:75%. Também foi utilizada uma densidade tripla, na qual as três espécies estiveram igualmente dispostas na proporção de 33,33%. Soluções dos corantes Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 a 3.500 ppm e Azul Brilhante FDC-1 a 1.000 ppm foram utilizadas como traçadores para as pontas TXVK-8 e DG 11002VS, respectivamente. A pulverização de ambas as soluções foi efetuada na mesma unidade experimental, com um intervalo de 30 minutos entre si, utilizando-se um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2, calibrado de modo a proporcionar um volume de aplicação aproximado de 200 L ha. Após a pulverização, as plantas presentes nos reservatórios foram lavadas com água destilada, até remoção total dos corantes. Os depósitos totais de calda foram estimados em μL por planta, e os depósitos unitários, em μL cm-2 de superfície foliar. O aumento na proporção de plantas de aguapé na associação proporcionou menores depósitos de calda de pulverização sobre as plantas de alface-d'água. em contrapartida, o aumento na proporção de salvínia na associação propiciou maiores depósitos de calda de pulverização, independentemente do tipo de ponta de pulverização. A ponta TXVK-8 proporcionou depósitos unitários e totais de calda de pulverização superiores aos da ponta DG 11002VS. This study aimed to evaluate two types of nozzles (ConeJet TXVK-8 and TeeJet DG 11002 VS) and the amount of spray mix deposited on water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) plants organized under different population arrangements with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and eared watermoss (Salvinia auriculata) plants. In addition to a full-dominance proportion over the area, corresponding to 100% cover of the water tank by eared watermoss plants, arrangements were used with either water hyacinth or water lettuce at 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%. Triple density was also used, with the three species being equally displayed at a 33.33% proportion. Dye solutions of FD&C Yellow no. 5 at 3,500 ppm and FD&C Blue no. 1 at 1,000 ppm were used as spraying tracers for TXVK-8 and DG 11002 VS nozzles, respectively. Both solutions were sprayed at the same plot within 30 minute interval each through a CO2 pressured backpack knapsack calibrated to deliver a spray volume around 200 L ha-1 . Plants at reservoirs were flushed with distilled water until total removal of the dyes deposited on them. The total spray deposits were estimated in μL per plant and the unitary deposits where estimated in μL cm-2 of foliar surface. Increase in water hyacinth plant proportion in the arrangement resulted in lower spray deposition over water lettuce. Increase in water moss plant proportion in the arrangement provided higher spray depositions over water lettuce, independently of the nozzle type used. The TXVK-8 nozzles provided higher unitary and total spray depositions compared to the DG 11002 VS nozzle. UFMT IUNMAT UNESP FCA Dep. de Produção Vegetal/Agricultura UNESP FCA Dep. de Produção Vegetal/Agricultura

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:52:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582011000200025.pdf: 1386985 bytes, checksum: f609c52544fbbcb38f0b74c9102f222c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:52:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582011000200025.pdf: 1386985 bytes, checksum: f609c52544fbbcb38f0b74c9102f222c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000200025.pdf: 1386985 bytes, checksum: f609c52544fbbcb38f0b74c9102f222c (MD5) S0100-83582011000200025.pdf.txt: 24798 bytes, checksum: a44131a110b47bb9b8ce850a17689328 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000200025.pdf: 1386985 bytes, checksum: f609c52544fbbcb38f0b74c9102f222c (MD5) S0100-83582011000200025.pdf.txt: 24798 bytes, checksum: a44131a110b47bb9b8ce850a17689328 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000200025.pdf: 1386985 bytes, checksum: f609c52544fbbcb38f0b74c9102f222c (MD5) S0100-83582011000200025.pdf.txt: 24798 bytes, checksum: a44131a110b47bb9b8ce850a17689328 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a quantidade e qualidade da deposição da calda de pulverização em plantas de Commelina diffusa, considerando volumes de aplicação, pontas de pulverização e o ângulo dos bicos na barra de pulverização. Foram utilizadas cinco hastes de plantas por vaso. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 20 repetições. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, e a aplicação da calda foi efetuada após 40 dias do transplantio das hastes, quando estavam com 30 a 40 cm de comprimento (em pleno desenvolvimento). Foram avaliadas cinco pontas de pulverização: TX-VK 6 (100 L ha-1), TX-VK 8 (200 L ha-1), XR 11001 VS (100 L ha-1), XR 11002 VS (200 L ha¹) e TJ60 11002 VS (100 e 200 L ha-1), as quais foram testadas com diferentes ângulos de aplicação (0º e +30º), exceto a TJ60 11002 VS. Foi utilizado como traçador o corante Azul Brilhante FDC-1 na concentração de 500 ppm, na determinação da deposição da calda de pulverização. Imediatamente após a aplicação, 20 hastes foram coletadas e, em seguida, lavadas em 100 mL de água destilada, para posterior quantificação do traçador em espectrofotômetro. Os dados foram transformados em valores de depósitos por grama de massa seca e ajustados à curva de regressão pelo modelo de Gompertz. Independentemente da ponta utilizada, o volume de 200 L ha-1 proporcionou os maiores depósitos nas plantas, destacando-se a ponta TJ60. A ponta XR 11001 VS (100 L ha-1) proporcionou a melhor uniformidade quando se utilizou o ângulo de +30º. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantity and quality of spray deposition in Commelina diffusa plants, considering application volume, spray nozzles and the angle of the bar of the spray nozzles. Five stems of plants/pot were planted. The experimental treatments were set up on a randomized design with twenty replications. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions and the solution was applied after 40 days of stem transplanting, when the plants were between 30 to 40 cm long (in full development). Five spray nozzles (TX-VK 6 (100 L ha¹ ), TX-VK 8 (200 L ha-1), XR 11001 VS (100 L ha-1), XR 11002 VS (200 L ha-1) and TJ60 11002 VS (100 and 200 L ha-1), were evaluated, using different angles of application (0º and +30º), except for TJ60 11002 VS nozzle. Brilliant blue FDC 1 was used as a tracer solution, with 500 ppm to determine spray deposition. Immediately after application, twenty weed stems were collected, and washed in 100 mL of distilled water for posterior tracer quantification in a spectrophotometer. The data were adjusted to a regression curve, according to the Gompertz model. Independent of the spray nozzle used, the volume of 200 L ha-1 provided the most deposits on the plants, with the TJ60 nozzle being the most outstanding. The XR 11001 VS nozzle (100 L ha-1) provided the best uniformity when an angle of +30º was used. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE) Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas , Dep. de Produção Vegetal UNIOESTE CCA Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas , Dep. de Produção Vegetal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:52:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582011000100010.pdf: 1281663 bytes, checksum: e1e4db3195489f419c1cd15cab48cf90 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:52:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582011000100010.pdf: 1281663 bytes, checksum: e1e4db3195489f419c1cd15cab48cf90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000100010.pdf: 1281663 bytes, checksum: e1e4db3195489f419c1cd15cab48cf90 (MD5) S0100-83582011000100010.pdf.txt: 30034 bytes, checksum: 48d905690805dfdb76ea9e2f26a73fb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:19:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000100010.pdf: 1281663 bytes, checksum: e1e4db3195489f419c1cd15cab48cf90 (MD5) S0100-83582011000100010.pdf.txt: 30034 bytes, checksum: 48d905690805dfdb76ea9e2f26a73fb3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:19:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582011000100010.pdf: 1281663 bytes, checksum: e1e4db3195489f419c1cd15cab48cf90 (MD5) S0100-83582011000100010.pdf.txt: 30034 bytes, checksum: 48d905690805dfdb76ea9e2f26a73fb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o depósito de calda pulverizada por dois tipos de pontas de pulverização sobre plantas de Salvinia auriculata dispostas em diferentes arranjos populacionais com plantas de Eichhornia crassipes e Pistia stratiotes. Um experimento foi conduzido em condições de caixas-d'água em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 8, sendo dois tipos de pontas de pulverização (ConeJet TXVK-8 e TeeJet DG 11002 VS) e oito proporções entre as plantas aquáticas, a saber: dominância total da área de cobertura da caixa-d'água pelas plantas de salvínia (100%); e as proporções entre plantas de salvínia e de aguapé ou alface-d'água a 75%:25%, 50%:50% e 25%:75%. Também foi utilizada uma densidade tripla, na qual as três espécies estiveram igualmente dispostas na proporção de 33%. Soluções dos corantes Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 a 3.500 ppm e Azul Brilhante FDC-1 a 1.000 ppm foram utilizadas como traçadores para as pontas TXVK-8 e DG 11002VS, respectivamente. A pulverização das soluções foi efetuada na mesma unidade experimental, com intervalo de 30 minutos entre si, com auxílio de um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2, calibrado de modo que proporcionasse volume de aplicação aproximado de 200 L ha-1. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os tipos de pontas de pulverização nas diferentes proporções estudadas, exceto para depósitos totais de calda de pulverização nas plantas na condição de dominância total da salvínia, uma vez que a ponta ConeJet TXVK-8 foi superior à TeeJet DG 11002 VS. Os valores dos depósitos diminuíram com o aumento da proporção de plantas de aguapé na associação e foram na condição em que 25% de plantas de salvínia estiveram associadas a 75% de plantas de aguapé. A presença da espécie alface-d'água não influenciou a deposição de gotas sobre as folhas de salvínia. This study aimed to evaluate two types of spray tips (ConeJet TXVK-8 and TeeJet DG 11002 VS) and the amount of spray mix deposited on Salvinia auriculata plants organized under different population arrangements with Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes plants. In addition to a full-dominance proportion over the area, corresponding to 100% cover of the water tank by eared water moss plants, arrangements with either water hyacinth or water lettuce were made at 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%. A triple density, in which the three species were equally disposed at a 33.33% proportion, was also used. Dye solutions of FD&C Yellow no. 5 at 3,500 ppm and FD&C Blue no.1 at 1,000 ppm were used, as spraying tracers for TXVK-8 and DG 11002 VS nozzles, respectively. Both solutions were sprayed at the same plot within a 30-minute interval each, through a CO2 pressured backpack, calibrated to deliver a spray volume of around 200 L ha-1. The total spray deposits were estimated in mL per plant and the unit deposits in mL cm² of foliar surface. No significant differences were observed between the nozzle tips used at different population arrangements, except total spray mix deposited on plants at 100% of eared water moss dominance proportion, with ConeJet TXVK-8, providing superior spray mix deposition, compared with TeeJet DG 11002 VS. The highest spray mix deposition was obtained under 100% of salvínia dominance. However, the spray mix quantity decreased with increase of water hyacinth in the proportion and reached the lowest value when 25% of eared water moss plants were associated with 75% of water hyacinth plants. The presence of water lettuce did not influence spray mix deposition over eared water moss plants. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas UNESP FCA UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas UNESP FCA

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582010000400023.pdf: 1346463 bytes, checksum: 0481dcc11f2e5ecc501a070fbd910933 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582010000400023.pdf: 1346463 bytes, checksum: 0481dcc11f2e5ecc501a070fbd910933 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:43:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582010000400023.pdf: 1346463 bytes, checksum: 0481dcc11f2e5ecc501a070fbd910933 (MD5) S0100-83582010000400023.pdf.txt: 26483 bytes, checksum: 55017f20c1541348ca2372f9b3553d74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:14:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582010000400023.pdf: 1346463 bytes, checksum: 0481dcc11f2e5ecc501a070fbd910933 (MD5) S0100-83582010000400023.pdf.txt: 26483 bytes, checksum: 55017f20c1541348ca2372f9b3553d74 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:14:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582010000400023.pdf: 1346463 bytes, checksum: 0481dcc11f2e5ecc501a070fbd910933 (MD5) S0100-83582010000400023.pdf.txt: 26483 bytes, checksum: 55017f20c1541348ca2372f9b3553d74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 The knowledge of spray distribution pattern and analysis of droplets size of spray hydraulic nozzles turbo Floodjet TF-VS2 to adapt the spacing on spray boom are very important for a proper and correct use and recommendations. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum spacing on the horizontal spraying boom held on a patternator to the tips TF-VS2, under pressures of 100, 200 and 300 kPa in heights of work of 40 and 50 cm. Symmetry of spraying fan was determined due empirical and trigonometric methodology. It was also determined the droplets size by means of laser diffraction, with two spray liquids consisting of water and water plus adjuvant under three work pressures, described above. The maximum spacing between nozzles should be 70 and 82cm assuming the coefficient of variation of 10% for the heights of 40 and 50cm respectively. The higher pressure of work provided the lowest volume median diameter (VMD) and the worst uniformity of drops, beyond the higher percentage of drops susceptible to drift and improve the spray symmetry. El conocimiento de las características de las diferentes boquillas de pulverización tiene una importancia imprescindible para la adecuada y correcta recomendación de su uso. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el espaciamiento máximo en la barra horizontal de pulverización, la simetría del chorro y el diámetro de gotas en boquillas de pulverización TF-VS2. El trabajo fue realizado en mesa de deposición, en donde fueron utilizadas las presiones de 100, 200 y 300 kPa en las alturas de trabajo de 40 y 50 cm. La simetría del chorro fue determinada en función de dos metodologías (empírica y trigonométrica). También se determinó el tamaño de las gotas, utilizando el método de difracción de rayos laser, en función de dos caldos de pulverización constituidos por agua y por agua con adyuvante en las tres presiones de trabajo ya descritas. Los espaciamientos máximos entre las boquillas en la barra de pulverización no pueden rebasar los 70 y 82 cm, admitiéndose el CV de un 10% para las alturas de 40 y de 50 cm respectivamente. La mayor presión proporcionó el menor diámetro mediano volumétrico (DMV) y la peor uniformidad de gotas, además del mayor porcentaje de gotas susceptibles a deriva, así como también aumentó la simetría entre los chorros. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Dep. Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Dep. Fitossanidade

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:23:54Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:40:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-79751469114.pdf: 919971 bytes, checksum: 263d0059a3ab5f51658bbe87c33a02d0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-05-01 The goal of this research was to evaluate two tips of spraying nozzles (hollow cone nozzle and two flat fan nozzle annexed to a nozzle body DUO) and three spray volumes (100, 150 and 200 dm3 ha-1), whose application was for the control of the Asian soybean rust. An area of 288 m 2 was used, with a randomized blocks design in a factorial 2×3 with 4 repetitions, total of 24 experimental parcels of 12 m2. For the spraying with hydraulical nozzles a costal spray of constant pressure kept by C02 compressed with bar of 2 m was used. The analysis of the covering percentage was carried through by means of the use of hidro-sensible paper, that was placed in three position of the plant what it represents, in height, the third superior, average and inferior of the canopy. For both the third no interaction between the evaluated factors, was found and meither difference statistics between the spraying tips and the volumes. In absolute values the twin flat fan nozzle DUO presented minimum difference of covering in relation to the hollow cone nozzle, and for the spray volume of 200 dm3 ha -1 presented greater covering percentage. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental Universidade Federal do Vale São Francisco (UNIVASF), Juazeiro - BA Departamento de Fitossanidade Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterináricas (FCAV) Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal - SP, CEP. 14.884-900 Departamento de Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal. SP Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP Departamento de Fitossanidade Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterináricas (FCAV) Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal - SP, CEP. 14.884-900 Departamento de Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal. SP

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582005000200016.pdf: 671563 bytes, checksum: 129006d68b919880583a6237e56b773f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582005000200016.pdf: 671563 bytes, checksum: 129006d68b919880583a6237e56b773f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:47:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200016.pdf: 671563 bytes, checksum: 129006d68b919880583a6237e56b773f (MD5) S0100-83582005000200016.pdf.txt: 29106 bytes, checksum: c2c2a95c729c3bdfd85a72b461ac504a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200016.pdf: 671563 bytes, checksum: 129006d68b919880583a6237e56b773f (MD5) S0100-83582005000200016.pdf.txt: 29106 bytes, checksum: c2c2a95c729c3bdfd85a72b461ac504a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200016.pdf: 671563 bytes, checksum: 129006d68b919880583a6237e56b773f (MD5) S0100-83582005000200016.pdf.txt: 29106 bytes, checksum: c2c2a95c729c3bdfd85a72b461ac504a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Três estudos foram conduzidos no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia (NUPAM) pertencente à UNESP/FCA - campus de Botucatu-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar a estabilidade dos corantes Azul Brilhante FDC-1 e Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 quanto a diferentes períodos de exposição à luz solar e contato com folhas de Eichhornia crassipes. No primeiro estudo, soluções de 0,3125, 0,625, 1,25, 2,5, 5, 10 e 20 ppm dos corantes Azul Brilhante FDC-1 e Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 foram acondicionadas em tubos de quartzo hermeticamente fechados e submetidos a 0, 0,5, 1, 2, 4, 6 e 10 horas de exposição à luz solar e ao escuro. Ao final de cada período, amostras de 10 mL foram retiradas dos tubos e analisadas. No segundo estudo, os tratamentos foram dispostos no esquema fatorial 2x7: duas condições luminosas (escuro e pleno sol) e sete períodos de exposição (0, 0,5, 1, 2, 4, 6 e 10 horas), com seis repetições. Com o auxílio de micropipeta, oito gotas de 5 µL das soluções Azul Brilhante e Amarelo Tartrasina a 4.000 ppm foram depositadas em placas de Petri de vidro. Após o término dos períodos de exposição, as placas foram lavadas com 50 mL de água destilada, com o objetivo de extrair o corante depositado sobre elas. No terceiro estudo, adotaram-se os mesmos tratamentos do segundo experimento, com quatro repetições, porém as soluções foram depositadas sobre as folhas de plantas de Eichhornia crassipes. Foram adotados também os mesmos procedimentos de extração dos corantes após o término dos períodos de exposição. As soluções finais obtidas nos três estudos foram submetidas à leitura óptica de absorbância em espectrofotômetro UV-visível nos comprimentos de onda de 630 e 427 nm, para os corantes Azul Brilhante FDC-1 e Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5, respectivamente. As várias concentrações das soluções de ambos os corantes não sofreram degradação pela luz solar quando submetidas aos vários períodos de incidência luminosa nos tubos de quartzo (ambiente fechado), visto que as curvas de recuperação apresentaram equações semelhantes àquelas concentrações que foram mantidas no escuro. A mesma estabilidade também foi observada quando os corantes foram submetidos à luz solar em ambiente aberto, ou seja, nas placas de Petri. O corante Amarelo Tartrasina também se apresentou muito estável quando depositado sobre as folhas de E. crassipes, independentemente da exposição ou não à luz solar. Para o corante Azul Brilhante, ocorreram significativas perdas de 7,8 e 18,6% quando esteve depositado na superfície da folha de aguapé pelo período de 10 horas sob condições de escuro e plena luz solar, respectivamente. Three trials were carried out at Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia (NUPAM), FCA/UNESP - Campus de Botucatu, SP, Brazil, to evaluate the stability of dyes FD&C Blue no. 1 and FD&C Yellow no. 5 when exposed to different periods of solar light and Eichhornia crassipes leaf contact. Solutions at 0,3125, 0,625, 1,25, 2,5, 5, 10 and 20 ppm of both dyes were prepared and conditioned into Quartz tubes hermetically closed and submitted to several solar light and darkness periods, as follows 0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 6 and 10 hours. Samples of 10 mL were collected from the tubes after the end of each period and left to posterior analysis. The second trial treatments were designed as a factorial 2x7: 2 light conditions (sunlight or darkness) and 7 exposure timings (0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 6 and 10 hours), with six replications. Eight drops of 5 µL of FD&C Blue no. 1 and FD&C Yellow no. 5 solutions at 4,000 ppm were placed on glass Petri dishes, using a micropipette. Petri dishes were washed with 50 mL of distilled water immediately after each exposure period ending to extract the dyes deposited on it. The same treatments were used in the third trial, with four replications. However, the coloring solutions were dropped on Eichhornia crassipes foliar surfaces. The same dye extraction procedures were also used after each exposure period ending. The final solutions obtained from the three trials were submitted to absorbance optical analysis at spectrophotometer UV-Visible on wave length of 630 and 427 nm for FD&C Blue no. 1 and FD&C Yellow no. 5 dyes, respectively. Both coloring solutions at different concentrations were not degraded by solar light after being submitted to each exposure period of sunlight incidence into the Quartz tubes (closed situation), since recovering curves showed practically the same equations when compared to the dye solutions kept under darkness conditions. The same stability was observed when the dye solutions were submitted to sun light incidence in open ambient, i.e., on Petri dishes. FD&C Yellow no. 5 showed high stability when dropped over E. crassipes leaves, regardless of the light condition. However, statistical losses of 7.8% and 16.8% were observed when FD&C Blue no. 1 was dropped over the surface of water hyacinth leaves during 10 h under darkness and sunlight incidence conditions, respectively. UNESP FCA Dep. Produção Vegetal-Agricultura UNESP FCA Dep. Produção Vegetal-Agricultura

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582005000200020.pdf: 712557 bytes, checksum: 73815114a2b306f19df81389ca639630 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582005000200020.pdf: 712557 bytes, checksum: 73815114a2b306f19df81389ca639630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:47:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200020.pdf: 712557 bytes, checksum: 73815114a2b306f19df81389ca639630 (MD5) S0100-83582005000200020.pdf.txt: 30268 bytes, checksum: a92822e4e7da39bb5c5315917a04a2e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200020.pdf: 712557 bytes, checksum: 73815114a2b306f19df81389ca639630 (MD5) S0100-83582005000200020.pdf.txt: 30268 bytes, checksum: a92822e4e7da39bb5c5315917a04a2e6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582005000200020.pdf: 712557 bytes, checksum: 73815114a2b306f19df81389ca639630 (MD5) S0100-83582005000200020.pdf.txt: 30268 bytes, checksum: a92822e4e7da39bb5c5315917a04a2e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-01 Estudos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de avaliar os depósitos de gotas pulverizadas através de dois tipos de pontas sobre as faces adaxial e abaxial de folhas de Eichhornia crassipes dispostas em diferentes ângulos. No primeiro estudo, os tratamentos foram dispostos no esquema fatorial 2x4x7: dois tipos de pontas (TX12 e XR11002VS), quatro ângulos verticais (0º, 30º, 60º e 90º) e sete ângulos horizontais (0º, 15º, 30º, 45º, 60º, 75º e 90º). No ângulo vertical de 90º a lâmina foliar foi posicionada paralelamente ao sentido de deslocamento do jato de pulverização; e no ângulo horizontal de 90º a folha foi posicionada perpendicularmente ao plano do solo. Como traçadores, foram utilizadas soluções de 1.000 ppm do corante Azul FDC-1 e 3.500 ppm do corante Amarelo Tartrasina para as pontas tipo leque e cone, respectivamente. No segundo estudo, os tratamentos foram dispostos no esquema fatorial 2x2x3: dois tipos de pontas (TX12 e XR11002VS), dois tipos de calda (com e sem Aterbane BR a 0,5%) e três ângulos horizontais (0º, 45º e 90º). Adotou-se o ângulo vertical de 90º como padrão para todos os tratamentos. Soluções de 1.000 ppm do corante Azul FDC-1 e 3.500 ppm do corante Amarelo Tartrasina foram utilizadas como traçadores para a calda com e sem surfatante, respectivamente. Os resultados do primeiro estudo revelaram que os depósitos observados em toda a folha e na face adaxial das lâminas foliares de aguapé diminuíram à medida que se aumentou a angulação vertical, independentemente da ponta utilizada. Os menores depósitos sempre estiveram relacionados ao ângulo vertical de 90º, independentemente do ângulo horizontal utilizado. Não foi detectado nenhum depósito na face abaxial das folhas de aguapé em todas as combinações dos fatores estudados. No segundo estudo também foram observados os mesmos decréscimos no volume de calda depositado em toda a folha e na face adaxial à medida que se aumentou a angulação vertical das lâminas foliares. As duas pontas proporcionaram depósitos nulos na face abaxial quando o surfatante não foi utilizado; entretanto, a adição do surfatante à calda incrementou significativamente os depósitos nesta face da folha do aguapé. This study aimed to evaluate the deposition of drops using two nozzle types over Eichhornia crassipes leaves. The first trial was arranged in a factorial design 2x4x7, as follows: 2 nozzle types (TX12 and XR11002VS), 4 vertical angles (0º, 30º, 60º and 90º) and 7 horizontal angles (0º, 15º, 30º, 45º, 60º, 75º and 90º). The laminar leaf was set up parallel to the jet spraying movement direction at a vertical angle of 90º, and perpendicular to the soil plane at a horizontal angle of 90º. Solutions of dyes FD&C Blue no. 1 at 1,000 ppm and FD&C Yellow no. 5 at 3.500 ppm were used as spraying tracers for flat fan and cone nozzles, respectively. The second trial was set up as a factorial design 2x2x3, being 2 nozzle types (TX12 and XR11002VS), 2 spray solution conditions (with and without Aterbane BR at 0.5% v/v) and 4 horizontal angles (0º, 45º and 90º). The vertical angle of 90º was assigned as pattern to all the treatments. Solutions of dyes FD&C Blue no. 1 at 1,000 ppm and FD&C Yellow no. 5 at 3.500 ppm were used as spraying tracers with or without surfactant, respectively. The results obtained from the first trial showed that the spray solution deposits observed on the whole leaf and on the foliar adaxial face of the laminar leaves of water hyacinth decreased as the vertical angle became higher, regardless of the nozzle type used. The lowest spray solution deposits were always related to the vertical angle of 90º, regardless of the horizontal angle adopted. No spray solution deposit was detected on the abaxial face of water hyacinth leaf at the combinations of the factors studied. In the second trial the same spray solution deposit was observed to decrease the whole leaf and adaxial faces as the vertical angle increased. Both nozzle types provided null and void deposits on the abaxial face when the surfactant was not used. However, the surfactant addition to the spray solution provided significant increases on the abaxial face of water hyacinth leaves. UNESP FCA Dep. Produção Vegetal-Agricultura UNESP FCA Dep. Produção Vegetal-Agricultura

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência do herbicida MSMA no controle da planta daninha tiririca (Cyperus rotundus), quando aplicado com diferentes volumes de calda, associado ou não a surfatantes to tipo organossiliconados. Os tratamentos, dispostos no delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, foram: MSMA (2,4 kg ha-1), MSMA (2,4 kg ha¹ + surfatante organossiliconado [marca comercial Silwet L-77] 0,05% v/v) e MSMA (2,4 kg ha-1 + surfatante organossiliconado [marca comercial Break Thru] 0,05% v/v), aplicados em quatro volumes de calda (100, 200, 300 e 400 L ha-1), e duas testemunhas (capinada e sem capina). A pressão de trabalho do pulverizador (3,0 kgf cm-2) foi mantida constante durante as aplicações, para todos os tratamentos. No momento das aplicações as manifestações epígeas de tiririca apresentavam em média oito folhas. O surfatante marca comercial Silwet L-77 mostrou tendência de acelerar a toxidez do MSMA sobre a parte aérea da tiririca; todavia, variações do volume de calda aplicado por hectare com adição ou não de surfatantes organossiliconados não incrementaram o controle dessa planta daninha. O MSMA proporcionou apenas controle regular da tiririca (60-70%). The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of the herbicide MSMA in controlling the weed Cyperus rotundus. Different spray volumes, associated or not to organosilicone surfactants were used. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with four replications: MSMA (2.4 kg ha-1), MSMA (2.4 kg ha-1 + organosilicone surfactante [commercial product = Silwet L-77] 0.05% v/v) and MSMA (2.4 kg ha-1 + [commercial product = Break Thru] 0.05% v/v), applied at four spray volumes (100, 200, 300 and 400 L ha-1), and two check treatments (weeded and weed free). The boom sprayer pressure (3.0 kgf cm-2) was maintained constant for all treatments. At the application timing, C. rotundus plants were at the stage of eight leaves average. The surfactant commercial product Silwet L-77 showed a tendency of accelerating MSMA toxicity on the shoot of C. rotundus. Spray volume associeated or not to addition of the organosilicone surfactants did not increase C. rotundus control. MSMA presented only a fair control of C. rotundus (60-70%).