Search

S100 proteins conduce to tumorigenesis and metastasis in a variety of ways, facilitating a local inflammatory environment for development and progression of tumors. However, the expression patterns and the precise roles of the S100 family members contributing to tumorigenesis and the progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain to be elucidated.Herein, the expression of S100 transcripts was analyzed in various tumor types in comparison to the normal controls using the ONCOMINE database, along with the corresponding expression profiles in the different subtypes of AML as retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We used the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database to investigate the prognostic values of S100 mRNA expression in AML.Our results indicated that high expression of S100A4 mRNA was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p=0.026), while that of S100P was correlated with a favorable OS in AML patients (p=0.028). Other members of the S100 family did not show any correlation to the survival. Moreover, the correlation between the expression levels of S100A4 and S100P and the clinical characteristics and methylation of AML patients was investigated. The results demonstrated that the promoter methylation level of S100A4 (p=0.002) and S100P (p=0.029) was higher in 61-80-years-old group as compared to the other age groups.Taken together, it can be deduced that S100A4 and S100P might be novel biomarkers and crucial prognostic factors for AML.

The long non-coding RNA, FAM83H antisense RNA 1 (head to head) (FAM83H-AS1), has been reported to function as an oncogene in some types of cancer. However, the role of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains unknown. The present work aims to explore the effect of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 on cell proliferation and cell invasion in HCC.66 pairs of HCC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues were collected, and the expression level of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 was detected by quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to detect cell proliferation ability, and transwell assays were applied to observe the effect of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 on cell migration and invasion. QRT-PCR and Western blot analysis was used to determine the mRNA and protein expression.In the present study, our results confirmed that lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression was overexpressed in HCC tissues relative to the adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, higher lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression significantly associated with tumor size and vascular invasion in patients with HCC. The Kaplan-Meier methods and log rank test demonstrated that increased lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression associated with shorter patient overall survival compared to lower lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression in patients with HCC. Moreover, function assays by CCK-8 cell proliferation and transwell cell migration and invasion assays showed that the knockdown of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in HCC. Moreover, we found that the downregulating expression of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway by reducing β-catenin and WNT1 expression in HCC cells.Together, our results indicated that it plays an important role in HCC progression and may be a potential target for HCC treatment.

To study the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma (MA).The clinicopathological data of 16 cases with MA diagnosed and treated in Peking University First Hospital from 2004 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics, pathologic parameters, differential diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis of MA were analyzed with literature review.The patients included 10 females and 6 males. The age of patients ranged from 14 to 83 years (mean=33.7 years). The partial nephrectomy was carried out for most patients. All cases were located in renal codex with 3 growing into the renal sinus. Histologically, the tumor was composed of tubules, papillary or glomeruloid structures and psammoma bodies were focally seen. Immunohistochemical study showed that all the cases expressed vimentin, and 94% cases expressed CD57, 63% WT1, 75% AE1/AE3, 19% cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and 13%α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), and negative expressions for MA included CD10, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and CD56. Follow-up information from 1 to 125 months was available in all the patients; and none of the patients showed any evidence of recurrence and metastasis.The benign tumor characteristics of MA are not obvious for preoperative imaging diagnosis, and the diagnosis of MA should be based on the unique pathological features. Positive immunostain of CD57 is a useful indicator for MA diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The partial nephrectomy surgical treatment can achieve good clinical cure with good prognosis.

To provide a noninvasive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prediction model for a rural Chinese population.From July to August, 2007 and July to August, 2008, a total of 20 194 participants aged ≥18 years were selected by cluster sampling technique from a rural population in two townships of Henan province, China. Data were collected by questionnaire interview, anthropometric measurement, and fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile examination. A total 17 265 participants were followed up from July to August, 2013 and July to October, 2014. Finally, 12 285 participants were selected for analysis. Data for these participants were randomly divided into a derivation group (derivation dataset, n= 6 143) and validation group (validation dataset, n=6 142) by 1∶1, respectively. Randomization was carried out by the use of computer-generated random numbers. A Cox regression model was used to analyze risk factors of T2DM in the derivation dataset. A T2DM prediction model was established by multiplying β by 10 for each significant variable. After the total score was calculated by the model, analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used for evaluating model predictability. Furthermore, the model's predictability was validated in the validation dataset and compared with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) model.A total 779 of 12 285 participants developed T2DM during the 6-year study period. The incidence rate was 6.12% in the derivation dataset (n=376) and 6.56% in the validation dataset (n=403). The difference was not statistically significant (χ(2)=1.00, P=0.316). A total of four noninvasive T2DM prediction models were established using the Cox regression model. The ROCs of the risk score calculated by the prediction models indicated that the AUCs of these models were similar (0.67-0.70). The AUC and Youden index of model 4 was the highest. The optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index were scores of 25, 65.96%, 66.47%, and 0.32, respectively. Age, sleep time, BMI, waist circumference, and hypertension were selected as predictive variables. Using age30 years as reference, β values were 1.07, 1.58, and 1.67 and assigned scores were 11, 16, and 17 for age groups 30-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years, respectively. Using sleep time8.0 h/d as reference, the β value and assigned score were 0.27 and 3, respectively, for sleep time ≥10.0 h/d. Using BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m(2) as reference, β values were 0.53 and 1.00 and assigned scores 5 and 10, respectively, for BMI 24.0-27.9 kg/m(2), and ≥28.0 kg/m(2). Using waist circumference85 cm for males/80 cm for females as reference, β values were 0.44 and 0.65 and assigned scores 4 and 7, respectively, for 85 cm ≤ waist circumference90 cm for males/80 cm≤ waist circumference85 cm for females, and waist circumference ≥90 cm for males/≥85 cm for females. Using nonhypertension as reference, the respective β value and assigned score were 0.34 and 3 for hypertension. The AUC performance of this model and the FINDRISC model was 0.66 and 0.64 (P=0.135), respectively, in the validation dataset.Based on this cohort study, a noninvasive prediction model that included age, sleep time, BMI, waist circumference, and hypertension was established, which is equivalent to the FINDRISC model and applicable to a rural Chinese population.

To investigate the gene polymorphism of metallothionein 2A (MT2A)-838G/C and its correlation to coronary heart disease in the Han population of Jiangsu, China.The MT2A-838G/C was examined in 287 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD group) and 226 healthy controls (control group) by using mono-labeled fluorescent probes. Meanwhile, relevant variables of all subjects were measured, including blood lipid and glucose profiles and body mass index (BMI). The extent of the coronary artery disease was evaluated based on Gensini's coronary artery scoring method.Three distinct genotypes were identified. The highest frequency was observed for genotype GG, followed by genotype GC and CC. There were statistically significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency distribution of the MT2A gene-838G/C polymorphism between the CHD and the control group (p0.05). The allele frequency of MT2A-838C in the CHD patients were higher than that in the healthy controls (31.4% vs 24.6%, p = 0.016). The CHD risk in C allele carriers (including genotype GC+CC) was 1.562 folds as high as in GG allele carriers (OR = 1.562, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.099-2.218, p = 0.013). According to the results of logistic regression analysis, the C allele was an independent risk factor for CHD (p0.05). Gensini's coronary artery disease score were higher in C allele carriers than in non-C allele carriers (p0.05).The gene polymorphism of MT2A-838G/C is correlated to CHD. The C allele might be a CHD-susceptible gene and might also have an effect on the extent of coronary artery disease.

Few studies look into cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes during emergence from general anaesthesia for craniotomy. The purpose of this study was to assess CBF changes during emergence from general anaesthesia for craniotomy, through monitoring blood oxygen saturation of jugular vein bulb (SjvO2 ) and transcranial Doppler (TCD).We enrolled 30 patients undergoing selective craniotomy (group C) for supratentorial brain tumour resection and 30 patients undergoing selective abdominal surgery (group A). Mean velocity of middle cerebral artery (Vmca), mean arterial pressure (MAP), SjvO2 (only measured in group C), and arterial CO2 partial pressure were measured before anaesthesia, at tracheal extubation, and 30, 60, 90, 120 min after extubation.Vmca of the same side of tumour was significantly higher than contralateral Vmca before anaesthesia and at all times after extubation in group C. The ipsilateral Vmca increased significantly (95.7 ± 16.9 cm/s vs. 63.7 ± 6.7 cm/s, P 0.01) at extubation in group C, then declined but still above baseline significantly in the first 2 h after extubation. While Vmca of the right side changed only slightly (63.6 ± 7.7 cm/s vs. 61.8 ± 8.1 cm/s, P 0.01) but significantly at extubation in group A. SjvO2 increased significantly (81.4% ± 7.4% vs. 60.9% ± 3.7%, P 0.01) at extubation in group C, and remained above baseline significantly for 2 h. There was no significant correlation between Vmca and MAP at any time.Cerebral hyperaemia occurs after supratentorial brain tumour resection surgery. The hyperaemia is more pronounced on the same side as the tumour.

The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of uterine artery embolisation (UAE) combined with local methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of caesarean scar pregnancy, compared with other traditional modalities, and to investigate the complications associated with this treatment.A retrospective cohort study.A large obstetrics and gynaecology unit within a university hospital in China.Women who were diagnosed with a caesarean scar pregnancy between January 2003 and December 2008, and who had informative case records, were included in the study.We reviewed the results for all women who received one of three treatments: dilation and curettage (DC) (11 patients; group A), systemic MTX (17 patients; group B), and UAE and local MTX (38 patients; group C).The main outcome measures were success rate, blood loss, time for beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) to decline to normal values, and the duration of hospital stay. Success was defined as a complete recovery with no severe complications and with the preservation of fertility.A total of 66 women diagnosed with caesarean scar pregnancy between January 2003 and December 2008 were identified, and their data were analysed. The success rate in group C was significantly higher than that in groups A and B after adjusting for beta-hCG level (89.5 versus 27.3 and 58.8%, respectively; P0.001). The mean blood loss in group C was lower than in the other two groups (240.5 versus 855.5 and 639.4 ml, respectively; P = 0.008 and 0.009, respectively). The average time for beta-hCG to decline to normal values was significantly shorter in group C than in group B (28.1 versus 44.3 days; P = 0.021). A significantly shorter duration of hospital stay was observed in group C compared with group B (12.5 versus 22.0 days; P = 0.024).UAE combined with local MTX is of benefit to women wishing to preserve fertility, and is suitable for use as the primary treatment for caesarean scar pregnancy.

This study investigated the relationship between genetic polymorphism in the MDR1 (C3435T, G2677T) and the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONF) in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. 127 patients with active SLE, receiving 40 mg/day or more prednisolone were included. Patients were observed for the development of ONF by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and plain radiography first at three months after the beginning of steroid treatment and subsequently every year for five years. Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The MDR1 2677GT and 3435CT genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP assay. 21 patients developed steroid-induced ONF. The incidence of ONF was significantly higher in steroid pulse therapy. The MDR1 3435 TT genotypes were significantly lower in the incidence of ONF (adjusted odds ratio = 0.14, 95% CI 0.017-1.153, p = 0.038). The MDR1 2677 TT was also lower in the incidence of ONF (adjusted odds ratio = 0.21, 95% CI 0.018-1.301, p = 0.05). Our findings suggest that MDR1 (ABCB1) gene polymorphisms can be used for predicting the development of ONF.

Subthreshold depression (StD) is a prevalent condition associated with social morbidity and increased service utilization, as well as a high risk of developing into a major depressive disorder (MDD). The lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria for StD has limited research on this disorder, with very few brain-imaging studies examining the neurobiology of StD. Yet, identifying the neural pathology of StD has the potential to elucidate risk factors and prognostic markers for major depression and is crucial for developing tailored treatments for patients at mild stages of depression. We investigated resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the cognitive control network (CCN), known to be dysregulated in MDD, using the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as a seed, focusing on two cohorts of StD subjects (young and middle aged) as well as matched controls. Irrespective of age, we found a significant rs-FC decrease in the CCN of the StD subjects, compared with matched controls, particularly between the DLPFC and the brain regions associated with the representation of self and other mental states (temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) and precuneus), as well as salience detection and orienting (insula). The functional connectivity between the DLPFC and the left TPJ was also associated with depressive symptom scores measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. This finding may shed light on the neural pathology of StD, leading to better understanding of mild stages of depression, its diagnosis and the development of new treatments.

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of low dose cyclosporin A (CsA) and intravenous cyclophosphamide pulses (IV-CTX) in the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). Thirty patients were included in the study with 15 in each group. The improvement of ESR and proteinuria and the increase of serum albumin were observed in the CsA group, but not in the IV-CTX group at the early stage of the therapy, though the overall effects were similar. The conclusion is that the use of low dose CsA could quench the activity of LN at the early stage of the therapy, reduce the doses of steroid and CTX and minimire their side effects. IV-CTX was added to 8 cases of LN before CsA treatment had been tapered of or withdrawn. The results indicated that this regimen could effectively prevent the relapse of LN after the withdrawal of CsA therapy. It is an effective and valuable therapy.

In the field of gynecologic oncology, surgical intervention has been the traditional management of hemoperitoneum. Recently selective arterial embolization has been reported to effectively control gastrointestinal bleeding caused by peptic ulcer and postoperative abdominal or retroperitoneal bleeding associated with gynecologic malignancy. This study reports the use of selective arterial embolization in the management of hemoperitoneum caused by trophoblastic disease. Analysis of 4 cases provides valuable information which enhances the safety and efficiency of this procedure. Results suggest that selective arterial embolization should be considered in the management of hemoperitoneum caused by trophoblastic disease.

According to the FAB classification, a patient (case 1) could not be diagnosed as MDS-RA, although she had clinical features of MDS, as compared with another patient (case 2) who was diagnosed as RAS and had abnormal karyotype (20q- and 5q-) of bone marrow (BM) cells. BM cells of the two patients were SCD (sister chromatid differentiation) negative. Rearrangement of c-erbB and c-erbA was found in the genome of the BM cells in both patients, when southern blot hybridization was performed with probe v-erbB+A. Therefore, case 1 could be diagnosed as preleukemia. During a period about 3 years of treatment with the drug stanozolol in case 1 there was good effect and successful reversion was obtained. She had then normal hematologic and cytogenetic patterns of BM and PB and the rearrangement of c-erbB of BM cells also disappeared. She has worked for two years since then. The mechanism of effective treatment and successful reversion was discussed briefly. Probe v-erbB was shown to be useful in investigation of gene diagnosis of preleukemia or MDS (shown elsewhere).

The comparison between indomethacin conventional capsule (CC) po 25 mg q 8 h or 25 mg tid and indomethacin sustained-release capsule (SRC) po 25 mg bid in human by crossover design showed that both maximal serum concentration (Cmax) and fluctuation index (FI%) of SRC were significantly lower than those of CC during steady state (P0.01). No practical differences were observed between the 2 preparations in the trough serum concentration (Cmin) and area under serum concentration-time profiles (AUC0-tau) (P0.05). The time period reaching maximal serum concentration (Tmax) of SRC was much more delayed than that of CC (P0.01). It suggested that SRC possesses a better controlled release property and could avoid a higher serum peak concentration of CC.

476 cases of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) were analysed and compared with PNH patients in foreign countries and its classification was discussed. The clinical characteristics in Chinese PNH patients were: males were affected more; the age of onset was young; more common in north China; hemoglobinuria as an initial symptom was less common; thrombosis as a complication was relatively rare; the common causes of death were heart failure, infections and hemorrhage; and bone marrow picture might show mild dyshematopoiesis.

From 1965 through 1989, a total of 1,382 cases of malignant trophoblastic neoplasms, were treated in our hospital. Colitis related to chemotherapy was observed in 110 cases. This toxic reaction was specific to 5-Fluorouracil treatment and may result in pseudomembranous colitis if improperly treated. Staphylococcus aureus or Clostridium difficile was the causative agent. For the early detection of this disease, it is necessary to monitor the bacteria flora in the smear of fecal substance. Vancomycin and Metronidazole together with lactobacillus preparation were given and proved to be effective in most cases. The mechanism of formation of pseudomembranous colitis, the causative agents and method of diagnosis and treatment were discussed.

The relationship between age and blood magnesium (Mg) parameters has not been defined. Mg measurements in plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and mononuclear blood cells (MBCs) were made in 104 normal volunteers (43 males and 61 females, ages 11-75 years). MBCs were separated from blood using a discontinuous Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. The mean values (+/- SEM) were as follows: plasma Mg 1.63 +/− 0.01 mEq/L, RBC Mg 4.55 +/− 0.06 mEq/L, MBC Mg content 72.8 +/− 1.0 fg/cell, and MBC Mg concentration 19.6 +/− 0.3 mEq/L. We compared these parameters with age (intervals of 10 years) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and found no significant differences (p greater than 0.05). Thus, plasma, RBC, and MBC Mg parameters do not vary significantly between the ages of 11 and 75 years.

Determination of magnesium in mononuclear blood cells may provide useful information about intracellular magnesium. Mononuclear blood cell preparations are frequently contaminated with granulocytes. We determined the normal reference interval for magnesium content and concentration of granulocytes and compared it with magnesium in mononuclear blood cells. The mean granulocyte magnesium concentration and content were 6.95 (SD 1.25) mmol/L and 3.11 (SD 0.54) fmol per cell, respectively, vs 10.95 (SD 1.70) mmol/L and 3.27 (SD 0.46) fmol per cell in mononuclear cells. The concentration of magnesium in granulocytes was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than in mononuclear blood cells, but the magnesium contents were not significantly different.

The population of mononuclear blood cells (MBCs) separated by a discontinuous gradient from healthy normal volunteers consists of lymphocytes (L), monocytes (M) and relatively few granulocytes (G). We attempted to remove the phagocytic cells (M and G) by pretreatment of the blood with carbonyl iron particles (CIP). In 50 volunteers (21 males and 29 females, ages 17-75, mean 33.3 years), we determined the content and concentration of Mg in MBCs before and after pretreatment with CIP. The results (mean +/- SEM) show a significant decrease in the MBC Mg content (from 3.12 +/- 0.08 to 2.39 +/- 0.05 fmol/cell; p less than 0.0001), concentration (from 10.4 +/- 0.2 to 9.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/l; p less than 0.004) and M percentage (from 14.5 +/- 1.0 to 1.0 +/- 0.2%; p less than 0.0001) after CIP pretreatment. The L percentage significantly increased from 81.6 +/- 1.0 to 96.1 +/- 0.2% (p less than 0.0001) after CIP pretreatment. These date suggest that M have both a larger content and concentration of Mg than L.

Twenty-four cases of intrauterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome) were reported. The characteristic clinical picture was amenorrhea of hypomenorrhea accompanied by periodic lower abdominal pain. Intrauterine adhesions were demonstrated by hysterography in 14 cases. Lysis of adhesions was performed in 14 patients through vaginal route and in 3 by abdominal hysterotomy. Cyclic abdominal pain disappeared after treatment in all patients and normal menses were established in 16 cases (94%). In 11 patients with intrauterine adhesions developing after trauma, 3 conceived for 4 times all resulting in full term deliveries of healthy babies. The etiologic factors method of diagnosis and treatment of intra-uterine adhesions and prevention of readhesion are discussed.