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Your search keyword '"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben)"' showing total 20 results
Start Over Author "Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben)" Topic 030304 developmental biology
20 results on '"Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben)"'

1. A Chimeric TGA Repressor Slows Down Fruit Maturation and Ripening in Tomato

Author

Carine Ferrand, Christophe Rothan, Martine Lemaire-Chamley, Takayuki Tohge, Joana Jorly, Hiroshi Ezura, Erika Asamizu, Marilise Nogueira, Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres, Paul D Fraser, Takuya Yoshida, Claude Koutouan, Alisdair R. Fernie, Julien Assali, Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), University of São Paulo (USP), Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Ryukoku University, and Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben)

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, Genotype, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Repressor, Plant Science, tomato, Biology, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chloroplast, ripening competency, Solanum lycopersicum, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, bZIP, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Transcription factor, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, TOMATE, hormone regulation, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Ripening, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Metabolism, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Chloroplast, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, chemistry, Fruit, développement du fruit, Mutation, Plant hormone, Salicylic acid, Systemic acquired resistance, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The bZIP transcription factor (TF) SlTGA2.2 was previously highlighted as a possible hub in a network regulating fruit growth and transition to ripening (maturation phase). It belongs to a clade of TFs well known for their involvement in the regulation of the salicylic acid–dependent systemic acquired resistance. To investigate if this TGA TF plays a role in tomato fruit growth and maturation, we took advantage of the fruit-specific SlPPC2 promoter (PPC2pro) to target the expression of a SlTGA2.2-SRDX chimeric repressor in a developmental window restricted to early fruit growth and maturation. Here, we show that this SlTGA2.2-SRDX repressor alters early fruit development and metabolism, including chloroplast number and structure, considerably extends the time necessary to reach the mature green stage and slows down fruit ripening. RNA sequencing and plant hormone analyses reveal that PPC2pro:SlTGA2.2-SRDX fruits are maintained in an immature stage as long as PPC2pro is active, through early modifications of plant hormonal signaling and down-regulation of MADS-RIN and NAC-NOR ripening regulators. Once PPC2pro becomes inactive and therefore SlTGA2.2-SRDX expression is reduced, ripening can proceed, albeit at a slower pace than normal. Altogether, this work emphasizes the developmental continuum between fruit growth, maturation and ripening and provides a useful tool to alter and study the molecular bases of tomato fruit transition to ripening.

Published
2021

2. To grow or survive: Which are the strategies of a perennial grass to face severe seasonal stress?

Author

E. Willner, Thomas Ledauphin, Matthew J. Hegarty, Tom Ruttink, Klaus J. Dehmer, Jean-Louis Durand, Hilde Muylle, Isabel Roldán-Ruiz, José Luis Blanco-Pastor, Jean-Paul Sampoux, Fabien Surault, Thomas Keep, Florence Volaire, Philippe Barre, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Perennial plant, Climate change, drought, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Intraspecific competition, Grassland, 03 medical and health sciences, frost, intraspecific variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Environmental gradient, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Phenology, fungi, food and beverages, Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), 15. Life on land, climate change, growth-survival trade-off, Adaptation, grassland, climatic stress
Abstract

More severe seasonal stresses resulting from climate change affect the survival of perennial plant species. The growth–survival trade‐off exemplified in dormant species is a key issue to understand adaptation. As the validity of this trade‐off has yet to be tested in non‐dormant species, it was assessed by exploring the intraspecific variability of strategies to face drought and frost within perennial ryegrass. Three common gardens compared 385 European perennial ryegrass populations along a latitudinal environmental gradient over 3‐years. Persistence, productivity and physiological traits were recorded under contrasting seasonal environments. Decoupling plant responses, that is, growth under favourable summers/winters and plant survival under harsh summers/winters, showed a general trade‐off between growth potential and dehydration survival. Three groups of perennial ryegrass populations were identified according to their contrasting strategies: (a) year‐round productive but stress sensitive populations from wet areas; (b) drought‐tolerant populations with low summer growth potential from drought‐prone areas and (c) frost‐tolerant populations with low winter growth potential from frost‐prone areas. Overall, the populations surviving drought best were more resource conservative, whereas populations of the other groups were more resource acquisitive. However, such overall functional patterns were less meaningful than seasonal variations of resource acquisition potentials. The predicted potential biogeographical distribution of these groups suggests shifts of areas of suitability under climate change over the next decades in Europe. Dehydration escape and dehydration tolerance through reduction of growth potential in summer may become the strategies best adapted to an increasingly large area of Europe. The large intraspecific variability of phenological adaptations within perennial ryegrass reveals that the seasonal modulation of growth potential is crucial to plant adaptation under severe chronic abiotic stresses. The global plant economics spectrum cannot account for contrasting seasonal trade‐offs, which points out the importance of integrating phenological traits as key components of plant strategies. The identification of the trade‐off between growth potential and frost or drought stress survival in this non‐dormant species provides key knowledge to understand the future regional distribution of this major species for grassland ecosystem services. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

Published
2021

3. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Genetic Incompatibilities Introduced by Duplicated Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Vipul Patel, Ales Pecinka, Isabelle Gy, Olivier Loudet, Maarten Koornneef, Marina Ferrand, Fang Liu, Petra Pecinkova, Sigi Effgen, Christine Camilleri, Jonas R Klasen, Korbinian Schneeberger, Wen-Biao Jiao, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Palacky University Olomouc, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IEB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germanys Excellence Strategy—EXC 2048/1—390686111, and European Project: 802629 ,INTERACT

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Reproductive Isolation, genetic incompatibility, Population, Arabidopsis, Genome-wide association study, Biology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Laboratorium voor Erfelijkheidsleer, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Duplication, Genotype, Genetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Allele, Evolutionary dynamics, education, Molecular Biology, Gene, Alleles, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, genome-wide association study, AcademicSubjects/SCI01130, duplicated gene, Phylogeography, loss of function, Evolutionary biology, HPA, Fast Track, Laboratory of Genetics, 010606 plant biology & botany, TIM22
Abstract

Although gene duplications provide genetic backup and allow genomic changes under relaxed selection, they may potentially limit gene flow. When different copies of a duplicated gene are pseudofunctionalized in different genotypes, genetic incompatibilities can arise in their hybrid offspring. Although such cases have been reported after manual crosses, it remains unclear whether they occur in nature and how they affect natural populations. Here, we identified four duplicated-gene based incompatibilities including one previously not reported within an artificial Arabidopsis intercross population. Unexpectedly, however, for each of the genetic incompatibilities we also identified the incompatible alleles in natural populations based on the genomes of 1,135 Arabidopsis accessions published by the 1001 Genomes Project. Using the presence of incompatible allele combinations as phenotypes for GWAS, we mapped genomic regions that included additional gene copies which likely rescue the genetic incompatibility. Reconstructing the geographic origins and evolutionary trajectories of the individual alleles suggested that incompatible alleles frequently coexist, even in geographically closed regions, and that their effects can be overcome by additional gene copies collectively shaping the evolutionary dynamics of duplicated genes during population history.

Published
2021

4. The native acyltransferase-coding genes DGA1 and DGA2 affect lipid accumulation in Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans differently when overexpressed

Author

Cécile Neuvéglise, Daniel Ruben Akiola Sanya, Djamila Onésime, Gotthard Kunze, Anne-Marie Crutz-Le Coq, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), and DS received PhD funding from the IsDB (Islamic Development Bank).

Subjects
Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Lipid accumulation, Biology, Arxula, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, DGAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Amino Acid Sequence, Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Diacylglycerol kinase, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), 030306 microbiology, Fatty Acids, lipid production, General Medicine, Lipid Metabolism, Yeast, Biochemistry, Acyltransferases, Acyltransferase, Saccharomycetales, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, Microorganisms, Genetically-Modified, triacylglycerol
Abstract

Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans is an ascomycetous yeast with biotechnological applications, recently shown to be an oleaginous yeast accumulating lipids under nitrogen limitation. Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) act in the lipid storage pathway, in the last step of triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Two DGAT families are widespread in eukaryotes. We first checked that B. raffinosifermentans strain LS3 possessed both types of DGAT, and we then overexpressed the native DGAT-encoding genes, DGA1 and DGA2, separately or together. DGA2 (from the DGAT1 family) overexpression was sufficient to increase lipid content significantly in LS3, to up to 26.5% of dry cell weight (DCW), 1.6 times the lipid content of the parental strain (16.90% of DCW) in glucose medium under nitrogen limitation. By contrast, DGA1 (of the DGAT2 type) overexpression led to a large increase (up to 140-fold) in the amount of the corresponding transcript, but had no effect on overall lipid content relative to the parental strain. Analysis of the expression of the native genes over time in the parental strain revealed that DGA2 transcript levels quadrupled between 8 and 24 h in the N-limited lipogenic medium, whereas DGA1 transcript levels remained stable. This survey highlights the predominant role of the DGAT1 family in lipid accumulation and demonstrates the suitability of B. raffinosifermentans for engineering for lipid production.

Published
2020

5. High-throughput genome-wide genotyping to optimize the use of natural genetic resources in the grassland species perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)

Author

José Luis Blanco-Pastor, Isabel Roldán-Ruiz, Philippe Barre, Fabien Surault, Thomas Ledauphin, Hilde Muylle, Matthew J. Hegarty, Jean Paul Sampoux, E. Willner, Thomas Keep, Tom Ruttink, Isabelle Litrico, Klaus J. Dehmer, Anna M. Roschanski, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), and Bourse de thèse cofinancée INRAE-Région Nouvelle Aquitaine

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Genotype, forage species, Genome-wide association study, Biology, QH426-470, genebank, association study, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, 03 medical and health sciences, Germany, Lolium, Genetics, GWAS, Ecosystem, Shared data resources, Genetic variability, Molecular Biology, Genotyping, Genetics (clinical), genomic prediction, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, natural diversity, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, Ecotype, Ecology, business.industry, Genetic Variation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Grassland, Europe, Plant Breeding, GenPred, Agriculture, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The natural genetic diversity of agricultural species is an essential genetic resource for breeding programs aiming to improve their ecosystem and production services. A large natural ecotype diversity is usually available for most grassland species. This could be used to recombine natural climatic adaptations and agronomic value to create improved populations of grassland species adapted to future regional climates. However describing natural genetic resources can be long and costly. Molecular markers may provide useful information to help this task. This opportunity was investigated for Lolium perenne L., using a set of 385 accessions from the natural diversity of this species collected right across Europe and provided by genebanks of several countries. For each of these populations, genotyping provided the allele frequencies of 189,781 SNP markers. GWAS were implemented for over 30 agronomic and/or putatively adaptive traits recorded in three climatically contrasted locations (France, Belgium, Germany). Significant associations were detected for hundreds of markers despite a strong confounding effect of the genetic background; most of them pertained to phenology traits. It is likely that genetic variability in these traits has had an important contribution to environmental adaptation and ecotype differentiation. Genomic prediction models calibrated using natural diversity were found to be highly effective to describe natural populations for almost all traits as well as commercial synthetic populations for some important traits such as disease resistance, spring growth or phenological traits. These results will certainly be valuable information to help the use of natural genetic resources of other species.

Published
2020

6. SBML Level 3: an extensible format for the exchange and reuse of biological models

Author

Edda Klipp, Marco Antoniotti, Frank Bergmann, James C. Schaff, Peter D. Karp, Daniel Lucio, Kedar Nath Natarajan, Thomas M. Hamm, Leandro Watanabe, Henning Hermjakob, David Tolnay, John Wagner, Joerg Stelling, Alida Palmisano, Falk Schreiber, Yukiko Matsuoka, Harold F. Gómez, Huaiyu Mi, Carole J. Proctor, Ulrike Wittig, Neil Swainston, Jan Červený, Denis Thieffry, Piero Dalle Pezze, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Maciej J. Swat, Bin Hu, Martina Kutmon, Thomas Pfau, Bas Teusink, Sarah M. Keating, Fedor A. Kolpakov, Andreas Dräger, Pedro Mendes, Martin Scharm, Emek Demir, Ioannis Xenarios, Christoph Flamm, Axel von Kamp, Darren J. Wilkinson, Nick Juty, Fengkai Zhang, Leonard A. Harris, Michael Schubert, Dagmar Waltemath, Lucian P. Smith, Steffen Klamt, Herbert M. Sauro, Ali Ebrahim, Wolfram Liebermeister, Christian Knüpfer, Nicolas Rodriguez, Tramy Nguyen, Naoki Tanimura, Christopher Cox, Stuart C. Sealfon, Nicholas Alexander Allen, Clemens Wrzodek, Bastian R. Angermann, Martin Meier-Schellersheim, Anna Zhukova, Jean-Baptiste Pettit, Hovakim Grabski, Devin P. Sullivan, Claudine Chaouiya, Michael L. Blinov, John Doyle, Ilya Kiselev, Roman Schulte, Alex Gutteridge, Mélanie Courtot, Eric Mjolsness, Finja Wrzodek, Rahuman S Malik-Sheriff, Ronan M. T. Fleming, Bruce E. Shapiro, Kimberly Begley, Leslie M. Loew, Colin S. Gillespie, Ibrahim Vazirabad, Michael Hucka, Akira Funahashi, Bernhard O. Palsson, Hamid Bolouri, Tomáš Helikar, Camille Laibe, William S. Denney, Chris T. Evelo, Florian Mittag, William S. Hlavacek, Ron Henkel, Harish Dharuri, Julien Dorier, Karthik Raman, Martina Fröhlich, Conor Lawless, Rainer Machné, Falko Krause, Damon Hachmeister, Matthias König, Clifford A. Shaffer, Benjamin D. Heavner, Douglas B. Kell, Jonathan R. Karr, Mihai Glont, Lukas Endler, Melanie I. Stefan, Robert Phair, Lu Li, Henning Schmidt, Dirk Drasdo, Johan Elf, Allyson L. Lister, Hiroaki Kitano, Richard R. Adams, Oliver A. Ruebenacker, Roland Keller, Sven Sahle, Ion I. Moraru, Gary D. Bader, Poul M. F. Nielsen, Johann M. Rohwer, Johannes Eichner, Daniel R. Hyduke, James R. Faeder, Stefan Hoops, Emanuel Gonçalves, Yuichiro Inagaki, Aurélien Naldi, Koichi Takahashi, Sylvain Soliman, Brett G. Olivier, Kieran Smallbone, Stuart L. Moodie, Pedro T. Monteiro, Chris J. Myers, Martin Golebiewski, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Jeremy Zucker, Hidde de Jong, Andrew Finney, Keating, S, Waltemath, D, König, M, Zhang, F, Dräger, A, Chaouiya, C, Bergmann, F, Finney, A, Gillespie, C, Helikar, T, Hoops, S, Malik-Sheriff, R, Moodie, S, Moraru, I, Myers, C, Naldi, A, Olivier, B, Sahle, S, Schaff, J, Smith, L, Swat, M, Thieffry, D, Watanabe, L, Wilkinson, D, Blinov, M, Begley, K, Faeder, J, Gómez, H, Hamm, T, Inagaki, Y, Liebermeister, W, Lister, A, Lucio, D, Mjolsness, E, Proctor, C, Raman, K, Rodriguez, N, Shaffer, C, Shapiro, B, Stelling, J, Swainston, N, Tanimura, N, Wagner, J, Meier-Schellersheim, M, Sauro, H, Palsson, B, Bolouri, H, Kitano, H, Funahashi, A, Hermjakob, H, Doyle, J, Hucka, M, Adams, R, Allen, N, Angermann, B, Antoniotti, M, Bader, G, Červený, J, Courtot, M, Cox, C, Dalle Pezze, P, Demir, E, Denney, W, Dharuri, H, Dorier, J, Drasdo, D, Ebrahim, A, Eichner, J, Elf, J, Endler, L, Evelo, C, Flamm, C, Fleming, R, Fröhlich, M, Glont, M, Gonçalves, E, Golebiewski, M, Grabski, H, Gutteridge, A, Hachmeister, D, Harris, L, Heavner, B, Henkel, R, Hlavacek, W, Hu, B, Hyduke, D, Jong, H, Juty, N, Karp, P, Karr, J, Kell, D, Keller, R, Kiselev, I, Klamt, S, Klipp, E, Knüpfer, C, Kolpakov, F, Krause, F, Kutmon, M, Laibe, C, Lawless, C, Li, L, Loew, L, Machne, R, Matsuoka, Y, Mendes, P, Mi, H, Mittag, F, Monteiro, P, Natarajan, K, Nielsen, P, Nguyen, T, Palmisano, A, Jean-Baptiste, P, Pfau, T, Phair, R, Radivoyevitch, T, Rohwer, J, Ruebenacker, O, Saez-Rodriguez, J, Scharm, M, Schmidt, H, Schreiber, F, Schubert, M, Schulte, R, Sealfon, S, Smallbone, K, Soliman, S, Stefan, M, Sullivan, D, Takahashi, K, Teusink, B, Tolnay, D, Vazirabad, I, Kamp, A, Wittig, U, Wrzodek, C, Wrzodek, F, Xenarios, I, Zhukova, A, Zucker, J, European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), University of Connecticut (UCONN), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Chercheur indépendant, Amazon Web Services [Seattle] (AWS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), University of Toronto, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency (BCCRC)-British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], The Babraham Institute [Cambridge, UK], Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), Human Predictions LLC, Illumina, Swiss-Prot Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Genève] (SIB), Modelling and Analysis for Medical and Biological Applications (MAMBA), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Center for Bioinformatics (ZBIT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Uppsala University, Institut für Populationsgenetik [Vienna], Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt [Klagenfurt, Austria], Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS ), Russian-Armenian University (RAU), GlaxoSmithKline [Stevenage, UK] (GSK), GlaxoSmithKline [Headquarters, London, UK] (GSK), Microsoft Technology Licensing (MTL), Microsoft Corporation [Redmond, Wash.], Vanderbilt University School of Medicine [Nashville], University of Washington [Seattle], University of Rostock, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Lorentz Institute, Universiteit Leiden, Tegmine Therapeutics, Modeling, simulation, measurement, and control of bacterial regulatory networks (IBIS), Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Jean Roget, SRI International [Menlo Park] (SRI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Liverpool, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen - University Hospital of Tübingen, Institute of Information and Computational Technologies (IICT), Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik (MPIMG), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Humboldt University Of Berlin, Newcastle University [Newcastle], École polytechnique (X), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], The Systems Biology Institute [Tokyo] (SBI), Centro de Quimica Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), University of Southern California (USC), Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência [Oeiras] (IGC), Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), University of Auckland [Auckland], University of Utah, Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Integrative Bioinformatics Inc [Mountain View], Cleveland Clinic, Stellenbosch University, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry-Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Manchester [Manchester], Computational systems biology and optimization (Lifeware), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Encodia Inc [San Diego], Shinshu University [Nagano], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Greifswald University Hospital, Bioinformatique évolutive - Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), ANSYS, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg], Eight Pillars Ltd, Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Universität Heidelberg, Bioquant, Applied Biomathematics [New York], SimCYP Ltd, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Utah School of Medicine [Salt Lake City], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Mizuho Information and Research Institute, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Oxford, Computer Science (North Carolina State University), North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), California State University [Northridge] (CSUN), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), IBM Research [Melbourne], Benaroya Research Institute [Seattle] (BRI), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Keio University, Department of Computing and Mathematical sciences, members, SBML Level 3 Community, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of California, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of California-University of California, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Oxford [Oxford], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Computer Science, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
computational modeling, Medicine (General), Markup language, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, INFORMATION, Interoperability, interoperability, Review, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], ANNOTATION, 0302 clinical medicine, Software, file forma, Models, Biology (General), 0303 health sciences, Computational model, Applied Mathematics, Systems Biology, systems biology, File format, 3. Good health, Networking and Information Technology R&D, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Computational Theory and Mathematics, SIMULATION, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, STANDARDS, REPOSITORY, Information Systems, QH301-705.5, Bioinformatics, Systems biology, Software ecosystem, Reviews, Bioengineering, Methods & Resources, Biology, MARKUP LANGUAGE, Models, Biological, SBML Level 3 Community members, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, R5-920, Animals, Humans, SBML, reproducibility, 030304 developmental biology, ENVIRONMENT, General Immunology and Microbiology, file format, business.industry, Computational Biology, Biological, ONTOLOGY, Metabolism, Logistic Models, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Other Biological Sciences, Software engineering, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Systems biology has experienced dramatic growth in the number, size, and complexity of computational models. To reproduce simulation results and reuse models, researchers must exchange unambiguous model descriptions. We review the latest edition of the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML), a format designed for this purpose. A community of modelers and software authors developed SBML Level 3 over the past decade. Its modular form consists of a core suited to representing reaction‐based models and packages that extend the core with features suited to other model types including constraint‐based models, reaction‐diffusion models, logical network models, and rule‐based models. The format leverages two decades of SBML and a rich software ecosystem that transformed how systems biologists build and interact with models. More recently, the rise of multiscale models of whole cells and organs, and new data sources such as single‐cell measurements and live imaging, has precipitated new ways of integrating data with models. We provide our perspectives on the challenges presented by these developments and how SBML Level 3 provides the foundation needed to support this evolution., Over the past two decades, scientists from different fields have been developing SBML, a standard format for encoding computational models in biology and medicine. This article summarizes recent progress and gives perspectives on emerging challenges.

Published
2020

7. A marine bacterial enzymatic cascade degrades the algal polysaccharide ulvan

Author

Robert Larocque, Jan-Hendrik Hehemann, Gurvan Michel, Marcus Bäumgen, Dörte Becher, Aurélie Préchoux, Mihovilovic, Thomas Schweder, Stephanie Markert, Thomas Roret, Uwe T. Bornscheuer, Christian Stanetty, Frank Unfried, Lukas Reisky, Tao Song, N. Gerlach, Marie-Katherin Zühlke, Craig S. Robb, Anke Trautwein-Schult, Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Protein Conformation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomass, Polysaccharide, Algal bloom, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Algae, Polysaccharides, Botany, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Glycoside hydrolase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 14. Life underwater, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, fungi, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, food and beverages, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Genomics, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Metabolic pathway, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Fermentation, Sulfatases, Flavobacteriaceae, Genome, Bacterial, Flavobacterium
Abstract

Marine seaweeds increasingly grow into extensive algal blooms, which are detrimental to coastal ecosystems, tourism and aquaculture. However, algal biomass is also emerging as a sustainable raw material for the bioeconomy. The potential exploitation of algae is hindered by our limited knowledge of the microbial pathways-and hence the distinct biochemical functions of the enzymes involved-that convert algal polysaccharides into oligo- and monosaccharides. Understanding these processes would be essential, however, for applications such as the fermentation of algal biomass into bioethanol or other value-added compounds. Here, we describe the metabolic pathway that enables the marine flavobacterium Formosa agariphila to degrade ulvan, the main cell wall polysaccharide of bloom-forming Ulva species. The pathway involves 12 biochemically characterized carbohydrate-active enzymes, including two polysaccharide lyases, three sulfatases and seven glycoside hydrolases that sequentially break down ulvan into fermentable monosaccharides. This way, the enzymes turn a previously unexploited renewable into a valuable and ecologically sustainable bioresource.

Published
2019

8. BrAPI-an application programming interface for plant breeding applications

Author

Guilhem Sempere, Patrick König, Bruno Costa, Jan Erik Backlund, Jack Elendil B. Lagare, Viana C. Calaminos, Jeremy D. Edwards, Gordon Stephen, Omar Eduardo Benites-Alfaro, Pierre Carceller, Martin Basterrechea Salido, David LeBauer, Maikel P. H. Verouden, Guillaume Cornut, Nicolas Morales, Philip Glaser, David Marshall, Evangelia Papoutsoglou, Cyril Pommier, Guillaume Bauchet, Valentin Guignon, Kelly R. Robbins, Iain Milne, David A. Lyon, Pascal Neveu, Brian Pearce, Chaitanya Sarma, Qi Sun, Nahuel Soldevilla, Sebastian Raubach, Peter Selby, Clarysabel Tovar, Grzegorz Uszynski, Rafael Abbeloos, Reinhard Simon, Paul Shaw, Marie-Angélique Laporte, Mathieu Rouard, Star Yanxin Gao, Naymesh Mistry, Puthick Hok, Uwe Scholz, Trevor W. Rife, Ricardo H. Ramirez-Gonzalez, Dave Matthews, Mehmood Ghaffar, Pierre Larmande, Matthias Lange, Andrzej Kilian, Clayton Birkett, Ivan Perez-Masias, Angel Manica Raquel, Abhishek Rathore, Lukas A. Mueller, Richard Finkers, Wren, Jonathan, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], International Potato Center, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, International Rice Research Institute [Philippines] (IRRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (IBET), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Cornell University [New York], CGIAR, Diversity Arrays Technology Pty Ltd (DArT P/L), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Arizona, The James Hutton Institute, LeafNode Technology, Partenaires INRAE, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), John Innes Centre [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics [Inde] (ICRISAT), Kansas State University, Leafnode Technolog, Biometris, Gates Foundation, Bioversity International, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) : FKZ 031A536A, 031B0190A, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas, Cornell University Excellence in Breeding Platform, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and John Innes Centre

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Germplasm, programme informatique, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Data management, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, User-Computer Interface, Software, Laboratorium voor Plantenveredeling, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0303 health sciences, Application programming interface, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Genomics, Original Papers, Computer Science Applications, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Web service, sélection végétale, Statistics and Probability, Technology and Engineering, Databases and Ontologies, génomique, 03 medical and health sciences, Bioinformatique, application informatique, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Life Science, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Plant breeding, Genotyping, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, Amélioration des plantes, Data science, Plant Breeding, business, computer, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Motivation Modern genomic breeding methods rely heavily on very large amounts of phenotyping and genotyping data, presenting new challenges in effective data management and integration. Recently, the size and complexity of datasets have increased significantly, with the result that data are often stored on multiple systems. As analyses of interest increasingly require aggregation of datasets from diverse sources, data exchange between disparate systems becomes a challenge. Results To facilitate interoperability among breeding applications, we present the public plant Breeding Application Programming Interface (BrAPI). BrAPI is a standardized web service API specification. The development of BrAPI is a collaborative, community-based initiative involving a growing global community of over a hundred participants representing several dozen institutions and companies. Development of such a standard is recognized as critical to a number of important large breeding system initiatives as a foundational technology. The focus of the first version of the API is on providing services for connecting systems and retrieving basic breeding data including germplasm, study, observation, and marker data. A number of BrAPI-enabled applications, termed BrAPPs, have been written, that take advantage of the emerging support of BrAPI by many databases. Availability and implementation More information on BrAPI, including links to the specification, test suites, BrAPPs, and sample implementations is available at https://brapi.org/. The BrAPI specification and the developer tools are provided as free and open source.

Published
2018

9. Nitrite–nitric oxide control of mitochondrial respiration at the frontier of anoxia

Author

Ljudmilla Borisjuk, David Macherel, Marie-Hélène Avelange-Macherel, Abdelilah Benamar, H. Ahmed Mostefai, Gilles Curien, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina, Hardy Rolletschek, Physiologie Moléculaire des Semences (PMS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National d'Horticulture, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biologie Neurovasculaire Intégrée (BNVI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National d'Horticulture-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Bioenergetics, Nitrite, Cell Respiration, Biophysics, plant, Mitochondrion, bioenergetics, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, mathematical analysis, Nitric oxide, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oxygen homeostasis, Respiration, Animals, Cytochrome c oxidase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nitrites, Pisum sativum, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, hypoxia, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Peas, anoxia, Cell Biology, Plants, Cell biology, Oxygen, mitochondria, chemistry, germination, Coenzyme Q – cytochrome c reductase, Seeds, Mammalia, biology.protein, Oxidation-Reduction, seed, respiration, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Actively respiring animal and plant tissues experience hypoxia because of mitochondrial O(2) consumption. Controlling oxygen balance is a critical issue that involves in mammals hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) mediated transcriptional regulation, cytochrome oxidase (COX) subunit adjustment and nitric oxide (NO) as a mediator in vasodilatation and oxygen homeostasis. In plants, NO, mainly derived from nitrite, is also an important signalling molecule. We describe here a mechanism by which mitochondrial respiration is adjusted to prevent a tissue to reach anoxia. During pea seed germination, the internal atmosphere was strongly hypoxic due to very active mitochondrial respiration. There was no sign of fermentation, suggesting a down-regulation of O(2) consumption near anoxia. Mitochondria were found to finely regulate their surrounding O(2) level through a nitrite-dependent NO production, which was ascertained using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping of NO within membranes. At low O(2), nitrite is reduced into NO, likely at complex III, and in turn reversibly inhibits COX, provoking a rise to a higher steady state level of oxygen. Since NO can be re-oxidized into nitrite chemically or by COX, a nitrite-NO pool is maintained, preventing mitochondrial anoxia. Such an evolutionarily conserved mechanism should have an important role for oxygen homeostasis in tissues undergoing hypoxia.

Published
2008
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10. Identification of Early Nuclear Target Genes of Plastidial Redox Signals that Trigger the Long-Term Response of Arabidopsis to Light Quality Shifts

Author

Christine Gläßer, Klaus F. X. Mayer, Florence Courtois, Thomas Börner, Monique Liebers, Hagen Schlicke, Olaf Czarnecki, Bernhard Grimm, Stefan Hiekel, Lars Dietzel, Yan O. Zubo, Thomas Pfannschmidt, Institut für Allgemeine Botanik und Pflanzenphysiologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], InstitutfürMolekulare Biowissenschaften,Pflanzliche Zellphysiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Developmental Genetics [Neuherberg], Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie (ZMBH), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), KWS SAAT SE & Co.KGaA, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dartmouth College [Hanover], German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute (SCI Institute), University of Utah, Grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft research group FOR 804., Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), KWS Saat AG, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Humboldt University Of Berlin

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Time Factors, Light, Transcription, Genetic, Acclimatization, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, Plastids, Photosynthesis, Early redox regulated genes, 0303 health sciences, Tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, Mitochondria, Cell biology, Chloroplast, Redox signals, Dibromothymoquinone, Biochemistry, Light acclimation, Oxidation-Reduction, Signal Transduction, Arabidopis thaliana, Nuclear gene, Biology, Bioenergetics, Genes, Plant, Redox, Nucleus, Electron Transport, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Photosynthetic electron transport chain, Cell Nucleus, Mitochondrial electron transport, Plant, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, biology.organism_classification, Electron transport chain, Light intensity, Tetrapyrroles, Mutation, Gene expression, Reactive Oxygen Species, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Natural illumination conditions are highly variable and because of their sessile life style, plants are forced to acclimate to them at the cellular and molecular level. Changes in light intensity or quality induce changes in the reduction/oxidation (redox) state of the photosynthetic electron chain that acts as a trigger for compensatory acclimation responses comprising functional and structural adjustments of photosynthesis and metabolism. Such responses include redox-controlled changes in plant gene expression in the nucleus and organelles. Here we describe a strategy for the identification of early redox-regulated genes (ERGs) in the nucleus of the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana that respond significantly 30 or 60 min after the generation of a reduction signal in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. By comparing the response of wild-type plants with that of the acclimation mutant stn7, we could specifically identify ERGs. The results reveal a significant impact of chloroplast redox signals on distinct nuclear gene groups including genes for the mitochondrial electron transport chain, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and signaling lipid synthesis. These expression profiles are clearly different from those observed in response to the reduction of photosynthetic electron transport by high light treatments. Thus, the ERGs identified are unique to redox imbalances in photosynthetic electron transport and were then used for analyzing potential redox-responsive cis-elements, trans-factors, and chromosomal regulatory hot spots. The data identify a novel redox-responsive element and indicate extensive redox control at transcriptional and chromosomal levels that point to an unprecedented impact of redox signals on epigenetic processes.

Published
2015

11. Plant proteome analysis: A 2004–2006 update

Author

Andrea Matros, Jesús Jorrín, Michel Rossignol, Hans-Peter Mock, Ana M. Maldonado, Jean-Benoît Peltier, Unité de Recherche Protéomique (PROTEOMIQUE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), and University of Córdoba [Córdoba]

Subjects
Proteomics, 0106 biological sciences, Proteome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Computational biology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Wall, Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, Protein Interaction Mapping, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Arabidopsis thaliana, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Molecular Biology, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Oryza sativa, biology, food and beverages, Oryza, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Plant development, Plant species, Metaproteomics, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Subcellular Fractions, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Since the appearance of the review entitled "Plant Proteome Analysis" in Proteomics in February 2004 (Cánovas, F. M., Dumas-Gaudot, E., Recorbert, G., Jorrín, J. et al., Proteomics 2004, 4, 285-298), about 200 original articles focusing on plant proteomics have been published. Although this represents less than 1% of the global proteomics output during this period, it nevertheless reflects an increase in activity over the period 1999-2004. These papers concern the proteome of at least 35 plant species but have concentrated mainly on thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa). The scientific objectives have ranged from a proteomic analysis of organs, tissues, cell suspensions, or subcellular fractions to the study of plant development and response to various stresses. A number of contributions have covered PTMs and protein interactions. The dominant analytical platform has been 2-DE coupled to MS, but "second generation" techniques such as DIGE, multidimensional protein identification technology, isotope-coded affinity tags, and stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture have begun to make an impact. This review aims to provide an update of the contribution of proteomics to plant biology during the period 2004-2006, and is divided into six sections: introduction, subcellular proteomes, plant development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, PTMs, and protein interactions. The conclusions summarize a view of the major pitfalls and challenges of plant proteomics.

Published
2006

12. bZIP transcription factors in Arabidopsis

Author

Marc Jakoby, Bernd Weisshaar, Wolfgang Dröge-Laser, Jesus Vicente-Carbajosa, Jens Tiedemann, Thomas Kroj, François Parcy, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ), Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut, Laboratorio de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular. Dept Biotecnologia - Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas, ETSIA Universidad Politecnica, Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, MESH: Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, MESH: Zinc Fingers, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Arabidopsis, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, Leucine Zippers, 0303 health sciences, MESH: G-Box Binding Factors, food and beverages, Zinc Fingers, MESH: Transcription Factors, MESH: Leucine Zippers, DNA-Binding Proteins, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, G-Box Binding Factors, Multigene Family, MESH: Multigene Family, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

In plants, basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factors regulate processes including pathogen defence, light and stress signalling, seed maturation and flower development. The Arabidopsis genome sequence contains 75 distinct members of the bZIP family, of which approximately 50 are not described in the literature. Using common domains, the AtbZIP family can be subdivided into ten groups. Here, we review the available data on bZIP functions in the context of subgroup membership and discuss the interacting proteins. This integration is essential for a complete functional characterization of bZIP transcription factors in plants, and to identify functional redundancies among AtbZIP factors.

Published
2002

13. Genome interplay in the grain transcriptome of hexaploid bread wheat

Author

Pfeifer, Matthias, Kugler, Karl, Sandve, Simen, Zhan, Bujie, Rudi, Heidi, Hvidsten, Torgeir, Mayer, Klaus, Rogers, Jane, Doležel, Jaroslav, Pozniak, Curtis, Eversole, Kellye, Feuillet, Catherine, Gill, Bikram, Friebe, Bernd, Lukaszewski, Adam, Sourdille, Pierre, Endo, Takashi, Kubaláková, Marie, Číhalíková, Jarmila, Dubská, Zdeňka, Vrána, Jan, Šperková, Romana, Šimková, Hana, Febrer, Melanie, Clissold, Leah, Mclay, Kirsten, Singh, Kuldeep, Chhuneja, Parveen, Singh, Nagendra K, Khurana, Jitendra, Akhunov, Eduard, Choulet, Frédéric, Alberti, Adriana, Barbe, Valérie, Wincker, Patrick, Kanamori, Hiroyuki, Kobayashi, Fuminori, Itoh, Takeshi, Matsumoto, Takashi, Sakai, Hiroaki, Tanaka, Tsuyoshi, Wu, Jianzhong, Ogihara, Yasunari, Handa, Hirokazu, Maclachlan, P Ron, Sharpe, Andrew, Klassen, Darrin, Edwards, David, Batley, Jacqueline, Olsen, Odd-Arne, Lien, Sigbjørn, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Wulff, Brande, Caccamo, Mario, Ayling, Sarah, Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo H, Clavijo, Bernardo J, Wright, Jonathan, Spannagl, Manuel, Martis, Mihaela M, Mascher, Martin, Chapman, Jarrod, Poland, Jesse A, Scholz, Uwe, Barry, Kerrie, Waugh, Robbie, Rokhsar, Daniel S, Muehlbauer, Gary J, Stein, Nils, Gundlach, Heidrun, Zytnicki, Matthias, Jamilloux, Véronique, Quesneville, Hadi, Wicker, Thomas, Faccioli, Primetta, Colaiacovo, Moreno, Stanca, Antonio Michele, Budak, Hikmet, Cattivelli, Luigi, Glover, Natasha, Pingault, Lise, Paux, Etienne, Sharma, Sapna, Appels, Rudi, Bellgard, Matthew, Chapman, Brett, Nussbaumer, Thomas, Bader, Kai Christian, Rimbert, Hélène, Wang, Shichen, Knox, Ron, Kilian, Andrzej, Alaux, Michael, Alfama, Françoise, Couderc, Loïc, Guilhot, Nicolas, Viseux, Claire, Loaec, Mikael, Keller, Beat, Praud, Sébastien, Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), University of Norway, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Norwegian Research Council 199387, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) SFB924, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), European Commission's 7th Framework Program, Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Centre for Integrative Genetics, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Eversole Associates, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IEB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Bayer Crop Science, Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research [Univ Palacký] (CRH), Faculty of Science [Univ Palacký], Palacky University Olomouc-Palacky University Olomouc-Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IEB / CAS), Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (Fraunhofer IAIS), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), National Research Centre Plant Biotechnology, Dept Plant Pathol, Kansas State University, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Bayer Cropscience, Institute of Crop Sciences of CAAS [Beijing] (ICS CAAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, JST-CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Global Institute of Food Security, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, The Sainsbury Laboratory [Norwich] (TSL), Genome Analysis Centre, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), MIPS/IBIS, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), DOE Joint Genome Institute [Walnut Creek], United States Department of Energy, The James Hutton Institute, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Munich Informat Ctr Prot Sequences, Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institute of Plant Biology, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Fac Engn & Nat Sci, Sabanci University [Istanbul], Genomics Research Centre, Consiglio per la Ricerca e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, York University, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, CUBE Division of Computational Systems Biology, University of Vienna [Vienna], Department of Plant Pathology, Shizuoka University, Diversity Arrays Technology Pty Ltd (DArT P/L), Centre de Recherche de Chappes, BIOGEMMA, Research Council of Norway [199387], German Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB924], German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), European Project: 283496,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-2,TRANSPLANT(2011), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Saskatchewan, John Innes Centre, and University of Zurich

Subjects
MESH: Genome, Plant, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Dosage, 01 natural sciences, Genome, MESH: Gene Dosage, Endosperm, Transcriptome, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Triticum, Cancer, Plant Proteins, International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Plant Proteins, food and beverages, alignment, Bread, MESH: Edible Grain, starchy endosperm, reveals, Genome, Plant, Biotechnology, profiles, General Science & Technology, Cereals, MESH: Triticum, Biology, Gene dosage, MESH: Endosperm, Polyploidy, MESH: Bread, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyploid, MESH: Polyploidy, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], MD Multidisciplinary, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Gene family, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene, Metabolic and endocrine, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, triticum, MESH: Transcriptome, Human Genome, Plant, Gene Expression Regulation, germination, gene expression, RNA, identification, Edible Grain, protein, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Allohexaploid bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) provides approximately 20% of calories consumed by humans. Lack of genome sequence for the three homeologous and highly similar bread wheat genomes (A, B, and D) has impeded expression analysis of the grain transcriptome. We used previously unknown genome information to analyze the cell type–specific expression of homeologous genes in the developing wheat grain and identified distinct co-expression clusters reflecting the spatiotemporal progression during endosperm development. We observed no global but cell type– and stage-dependent genome dominance, organization of the wheat genome into transcriptionally active chromosomal regions, and asymmetric expression in gene families related to baking quality. Our findings give insight into the transcriptional dynamics and genome interplay among individual grain cell types in a polyploid cereal genome.

Published
2014

14. Void space inside the developing seed of Brassica napus and the modelling of its function

Author

Hardy Rolletschek, Lukas Helfen, Henning Tschiersch, Ljudmilla Borisjuk, Els Herremans, Pieter Verboven, Bart Nicolai, Johannes Fuchs, Quang Tri Ho, BIOSYST - MeBioS, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Void (astronomy), Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell Respiration, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, gas exchange, Biology, Thermal diffusivity, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Oxygen, Diffusion, 03 medical and health sciences, mitochondrial respiration, Botany, Respiration, Plant Oils, Storage protein, Computer Simulation, oxygen diffusivity, Porosity, Water content, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Brassica napus, Reproducibility of Results, food and beverages, X-Ray Microtomography, Hypocotyl, Cell Compartmentation, chemistry, Seeds, Biophysics, Gases, synchrotron X-ray computed tomography, Oxygen sensor, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; The developing seed essentially relies on external oxygen to fuel aerobic respiration, but it is currently unknown how oxygen diffuses into and within the seed, which structural pathways are used and what finally limits gas exchange. By applying synchrotron X-ray computed tomography to developing oilseed rape seeds we uncovered void spaces, and analysed their three-dimensional assembly. Both the testa and the hypocotyl are well endowed with void space, but in the cotyledons, spaces were small and poorly interconnected. In silico modelling revealed a three orders of magnitude range in oxygen diffusivity from tissue to tissue, and identified major barriers to gas exchange. The oxygen pool stored in the voids is consumed about once per minute. The function of the void space was related to the tissue-specific distribution of storage oils, storage protein and starch, as well as oxygen, water, sugars, amino acids and the level of respiratory activity, analysed using a combination of magnetic resonance imaging, specific oxygen sensors, laser micro-dissection, biochemical and histological methods. We conclude that the size and inter-connectivity of void spaces are major determinants of gas exchange potential, and locally affect the respiratory activity of a developing seed.

Published
2013

15. Structural analysis of metabolic networks based on flux centrality

Author

Jörg Schwender, Dirk Koschützki, Falk Schreiber, Björn H. Junker, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Hochschule Furtwangen University [Furtwangen] (HFU), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Biology Department, and Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU)

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Biochemical Phenomena, Flux balance analysis, Metabolite, Metabolic network, Biology, Models, Biological, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Network centralities, Escherichia coli, Cluster Analysis, Fluxomics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, General Immunology and Microbiology, Applied Mathematics, General Medicine, Metabolic network modelling, Metabolism, chemistry, Biochemistry, Modeling and Simulation, Weighted network, Network analysis, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Centrality, Flux (metabolism), Metabolic Networks and Pathways, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Metabolic reactions are fundamental to living organisms, and a large number of reactions simultaneously occur at a given time in living cells transforming diverse metabolites into each other. There has been an ongoing debate on how to classify metabolites with respect to their importance for metabolic performance, usually based on the analysis of topological properties of genome scale metabolic networks. However, none of these studies have accounted quantitatively for flux in metabolic networks, thus lacking an important component of a cell's biochemistry. We therefore analyzed a genome scale metabolic network of Escherichia coli by comparing growth under 19 different growth conditions, using flux balance analysis and weighted network centrality investigation. With this novel concept of flux centrality we generated metabolite rankings for each particular growth condition. In contrast to the results of conventional analysis of genome scale metabolic networks, different metabolites were top-ranking dependent on the growth condition. At the same time, several metabolites were consistently among the high ranking ones. Those are associated with pathways that have been described by biochemists as the most central part of metabolism, such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway. The values for the average path length of the analyzed metabolite networks were between 10.5 and 12.6, supporting recent findings that the metabolic network of E. coli is not a small-world network.

Published
2010

16. Expression and immunogenicity of the mycobacterial Ag85B/ESAT-6 antigens produced in transgenic plants by elastin-like peptide fusion strategy

Author

Valérie Rodrigues, Udo Conrad, Edwin Garzon, Doreen M. Floss, Claire Chevaleyre, Marie Diogon, Henri Salmon, Mustapha Berri, Damien Brosson, Roger Frutos, Galliano Zanello, Michael Mockey, Timothée Bruel, Laurence Dedieu, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), IPK, Institute of Biochemistry [Kiel], Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), UMR Trypanosomes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes (UMR CMAEE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique (UR IASP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), EU [LSHB-CT-2003-503565], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Swine, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, lcsh:Medicine, Fusion de gènes, 01 natural sciences, Epitope, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Mice, Antigène, Expression des gènes, Hypersensitivity, Delayed, 2. Zero hunger, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Vaccines, Synthetic, 0303 health sciences, Immunogenicity, General Medicine, Flow Cytometry, Plants, Genetically Modified, Antibodies, Bacterial, Extrait d'origine végétale, S50 - Santé humaine, ESAT-6, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Research Article, Genre humain, Biotechnology, Article Subject, Cell Survival, Vaccin, lcsh:Biotechnology, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, Transgene, Blotting, Western, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Growth Processes, Biology, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Sciences de l'environnement, Production végétale, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Bacterial Proteins, Antigen, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Tobacco, Plante médicinale, Genetics, Animals, Tuberculose, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Génie génétique, Antigens, Bacterial, Bovin, Nicotiana tabacum, Immunogénétique, lcsh:R, Plante transgénique, biology.organism_classification, Fusion protein, Virology, Elastin, Plant Leaves, Cattle, Peptides, Spleen, Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; This study explored a novel system combining plant-based production and the elastin-like peptide (ELP) fusion strategy to produce vaccinal antigens against tuberculosis. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing the mycobacterial antigens Ag85B and ESAT-6 fused to ELP (TBAg-ELP) were generated. Purified TBAg-ELP was obtained by the highly efficient, cost-effective, inverse transition cycling (ICT) method and tested in mice. Furthermore, safety and immunogenicity of the crude tobacco leaf extracts were assessed in piglets. Antibodies recognizing mycobacterial antigens were produced in mice and piglets. A T-cell immune response able to recognize the native mycobacterial antigens was detected in mice. These findings showed that the native Ag85B and ESAT-6 mycobacterial B- and T-cell epitopes were conserved in the plant-expressed TBAg-ELP. This study presents the first results of an efficient plant-expression system, relying on the elastin-like peptide fusion strategy, to produce a safe and immunogenic mycobacterial Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein as a potential vaccine candidate against tuberculosis.

Published
2010

17. Iron dynamics in the rhizosphere as a case study for analyzing interactions between soils, plants and microbes

Author

Stephan M. Kraemer, Philippe Lemanceau, Jean-François Briat, Petra Bauer, Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement (MSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), University of Vienna [Vienna], Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), IPK, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement ( MSE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes ( BPMP ), and Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Siderophore, media_common.quotation_subject, Microorganism, Soil Science, Siderophores, Plant Science, Biology, Plant health, 01 natural sciences, ron, Competition (biology), Reductases, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant nutrition, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Mutualism (biology), 0303 health sciences, Rhizosphere, Competition, ACL, Plant physiology, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Phytosiderophores, 13. Climate action, Soil water, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Iron is an essential element for plants and microbes. However, in most cultivated soils, the concentration of iron available for these living organisms is very low because its solubility is controlled by stable hydroxides, oxyhydroxides and oxides. In the rhizosphere, there is a high demand of iron because of the iron uptake by plants, and microorganisms which density and activity are promoted by the release of root exudates. Plants and microbes have evolved active strategies of iron uptake. Iron incorporation by these organisms lead to complex interactions ranging from competition to mutualism. These complex interactions are under the control of physico-chemical properties of the soils in which they occur, and reciprocally iron uptake strategies of plants and microbes impact these soil properties. These iron-mediated nteractions between soils, plants and microbes impact the plant growth and health and their analysis, together with that of the resulting iron dynamics, is of a major agronomic interest. Analysis of the complex interactions soils, plants and microbes represent also a unique opportunity to progress in our knowledge of the rhizosphere ecology. This progression requires merging complementary expertises and study strategies in soil science, plant biology and microbiology. This review provides information on (i) iron status in soil and rhizosphere, iron uptake by plants and microbes, and on (ii) the corresponding study strategies. Finally, illustrations of how integration of these approaches allows gaining knowledge in the complex interactions occurring in the rhizosphere are given.

Published
2009

18. The complete genome of Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans LS3 - a yeast of biotechnological interest

Author

Rüdiger Bode, Martin Mascher, Serge Casaregola, Anasua Sarkar, Guilhem Savel, Patrick Wincker, Valérie Barbe, Martin Giersberg, Marina Marcet-Houben, Keith Baronian, Nils Stein, Véronique Leh-Louis, Christine Sacerdot, Guy-Franck Richard, Jan Riechen, Ingrid Lafontaine, Jean Luc Souciet, Urs Hähnel, Eric Westhof, Joseph Schacherer, Uwe Scholz, Sebastian Worch, Sebastian Beier, Pascal Durrens, Erik Böer, Anke Trautwein-Schult, Christian Marck, Toni Gabaldón, Cécile Fairhead, Anja Hartmann, Claire Jubin, Bernard Dujon, Cécile Neuvéglise, Małgorzata Czernicka, Claudine Bleykasten, David James Sherman, Laurence Despons, Marie Laure Straub, Paul P. Jung, Marc Lemaire, Dagmara Jankowska, Tiphaine Martin, Benoit Vacherie, Emmanuel Talla, Agnès Thierry, José Almeida Cruz, André Goffeau, Gotthard Kunze, Claude Gaillardin, Philippe Baret, Guillaume Morel, Przemysław Piotr Gierski, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, Yeast Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Research (IPK), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Models and Algorithms for the Genome ( MAGNOME), Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona], Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (ARN), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay (IBITECS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Earth and Life Institute [Louvain-La-Neuve] (ELI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Génétique moléculaire, génomique, microbiologie (GMGM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Génétique Moléculaire des Levures, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique moléculaire des levures (YMG), Microbiologie, adaptation et pathogénie (MAP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported in part by funding from the Consortium National de Recherche en Génomique (CNRG) to Génoscope, from CNRS (GDR 2354, Génolevures), ANR (ANR-05-BLAN-0331, GENARISE). The computing framework was supported by the funding of the University of Bordeaux 1, the Aquitaine Région in the program ' Génotypage et Génomique Comparée ' , the ACI IMPBIO ' Génolevures En Ligne ' and INRIA. We thank the System and Network Administration team in LaBRI for excellent help and advice. J.A.C. is supported by the PhD Program in Computational Biology of the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Portugal (sponsored by Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Siemens SA, and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, SFRH/BD/33528/2008). M.C. research was supported by a grant of the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD). T.G. research was partly supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BIO2012-37161)., Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology [Warsaw] (IIMCB), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kunze, Gotthard, Neuvéglise, Cécile, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
Yarrowia lipolytica, n-butanol, yeast, genome, tannic acid, metabolism, biotechnology, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Technological development, Butyric acid, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Genome, Blastobotrys, Saccharomycotina, [INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, N-butanol, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Segmental duplications, Genomics, Phylogenetics, General Energy, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Nitrogen, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Biotecnologia agrícola, Computational biology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biotechnological potentials, Arxula, Arxula adeninivorans, 03 medical and health sciences, Carbon and nitrogen, 030304 developmental biology, Saccharomycetes, Comparative genomics, Tannic acid, 030306 microbiology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Protein, Research, Fundamental studies, Yarrowia, Llevats -- Genètica, biology.organism_classification, Yeast, Carbon, Metabolism, Genes, Organic acid
Abstract

Background: The industrially important yeast Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans is an asexual hemiascomycete phylogenetically very distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its unusual metabolic flexibility allows it to use a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, while being thermotolerant, xerotolerant and osmotolerant./nResults: The sequencing of strain LS3 revealed that the nuclear genome of A. adeninivorans is 11.8 Mb long and consists of four chromosomes with regional centromeres. Its closest sequenced relative is Yarrowia lipolytica, although mean conservation of orthologs is low. With 914 introns within 6116 genes, A. adeninivorans is one of the most intron-rich hemiascomycetes sequenced to date. Several large species-specific families appear to result from multiple rounds of segmental duplications of tandem gene arrays, a novel mechanism not yet described in yeasts. An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid. Conclusions: The high-quality genome of this species that diverged early in Saccharomycotina will allow further fundamental studies on comparative genomics, evolution and phylogenetics. Protein components of different pathways for carbon and nitrogen source utilization were identified, which so far has remained unexplored in yeast, offering clues for further biotechnological developments. In the course of identifying alternative microorganisms for biotechnological interest, A. adeninivorans has already proved its strengthened competitiveness as a promising cell factory for many more applications. This work was supported in part by funding from the Consortium National de Recherche en Génomique (CNRG) to Génoscope, from CNRS (GDR 2354, Génolevures), ANR (ANR-05-BLAN-0331, GENARISE). The computing framework was supported by the funding of the University of Bordeaux 1, the Aquitaine Région in the program “Génotypage et Génomique Comparée”, the ACI IMPBIO “Génolevures En Ligne” and INRIA. We thank the System and Network Administration team in LaBRI for excellent help and advice. J.A.C. is supported by the PhD Program in Computational Biology of the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Portugal (sponsored by Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Siemens SA, and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia; SFRH/BD/33528/2008). M.C. research was supported by a grant of the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD). T.G. research was partly supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BIO2012-37161). B.D. is a member of Institut Universitaire de France

Published
2014

19. High-resolution genetic mapping of the pepper resistancelocus Bs3 governing recognition of the Xanthomonascampestris pv vesicatora AvrBs3 protein

Author

Michèle Pierre, J. Veuskens, Thomas Lahaye, Laurent D. Noël, Ulla Bonas, Martin W. Ganal, Ballvora A, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Genetik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), and Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Positional cloning, Bulked segregant analysis, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria, food and beverages, Locus (genetics), General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Xanthomonas campestris, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene mapping, Genetic marker, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, Agronomy and Crop Science, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract

The pepper (Capsicum annuum) Bs3 gene confers resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria strains expressing the avirulence protein AvrBs3. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and bulked DNA templates from resistant and susceptible plants we identified markers linked to Bs3 and defined a 2.1-cM interval containing the target gene. Bs3-linked AFLP fragments were cloned and conformity of isolated PCR products with the desired markers was determined by hybridisation to membrane-bound AFLP reactions. AFLP markers flanking the target gene were converted into locus-specific PCR-based markers. These markers were employed for the analysis of 790 plants segregating for Bs3, resulting in a linkage map with a genetic resolution of 0.13 cM. Mapping of Bs3-linked markers in tomato placed them to a syntenic interval on tomato chromosome 2.

Published
2000

20. Location and mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene MIRE and detection of a resistance QTL by bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with microsatellites in wheat

Author

G. Doussinault, Pierre Sourdille, M. Tavaud, Michel Bernard, Marion S. Röder, Nathalie Chantret, UMR 0118 UMR INRA / ENSAR : Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique et amélioration des plantes (G.A.P.)-UMR INRA / ENSAR : Génétique et amélioration des plantes (RENN UMR GENET AMELIOR PLANTES), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research [Gatersleben] (IPK-Gatersleben), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, disease resistance, molecular markers, Population, Triticum aestivum, Blumeria graminis, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Plant disease resistance, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, education, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, QT mapping, Bulked segregant analysis, food and beverages, General Medicine, GENETIQUE, biology.organism_classification, Genetic marker, Microsatellite, Agronomy and Crop Science, Powdery mildew, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology, Blumeria graminis f. sp.tritici
Abstract

Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The objective of this study was to locate and map a recently identified powdery mildew resistance gene, MlRE, carried by the resistant line RE714 using microsatellites uniformly distributed among the whole genome together with a bulked segregant analysis (BSA). The bulks consisted of individuals with an extreme phenotype taken from a population of 140 F-3 families issued from the cross between RE714 (resistant) and Hardi (susceptible). The population had been tested with three powdery mildew isolates at the seedling stage. Qualitative interpretation of the resistance tests located the MlRE gene on the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 6A. A subsequent quantitative interpretation of the resistance permitted us to detect another resistance factor on a linkage group assigned to chromosome 5D, which was constructed with microsatellites for which a polymorphism of intensity between bulks was observed. This quantitative trait locus (QTL) explained 16.8-25.34% of the total variation. An interaction between both the resistant factor (MlRE and the QTL) was found for only one of the isolates tested. This study shows the advantage of making a quantitative interpretation of resistant tests and that the use of microsatellites combined with BSA is a powerful strategy to locate resistance genes in wheat.

Published
2000

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