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Nous rapportons un cas de télangiectasies juxtafovéolaires unilatérales de type 1 A révélées par une baisse d'acuité visuelle progressive de l'oeil gauche, évoluant depuis 7 mois chez un jeune patient de 25 ans sans antécédents pathologiques notables. L'examen du fond de l'oeil gauche notait un placard exsudatif de la région maculaire entourant des anomalies de la microcirculation paramaculaire temporale. Le reste de l'examen ophtalmologique est par ailleurs sans aucune anomalie visible, avec une périphérie rétinienne normale, une chambre antérieure et vitré clairs sans stigmates d'inflammation. L'examen de l'oeil droit est normal. L'angiographie révèle une importante dilatation du lit capillaire péri et parafovéolaire avec plusieurs microanévrysmes et une importante diffusion de la fluorescéine aux temps tardifs. Nous n'avons pas noté de retard de remplissage veineux ni d'anomalies vasculaires de la périphérie rétinienne. Un bilan comprenant une glycémie à jeun, un dosage de l'hémoglobine glyquée, un bilan inflammatoire et une échodoppler des vaisseaux du cou, est revenu négatif. Les telangiectasies rétiniennes juxta fovéolaires représentent un groupe hétérogène de pathologies vasculaires rétiniennes, qui ont en commun une dilatation anormale des capillaires rétiniens juxta fovéolaires, associée à une perméabilité vasculaire accrue pouvant être à l'origine d'exsudations, parfois hémorragiques entrainant une baisse plus ou moins importante de l'acuité visuelle. On distingue plusieurs variantes selon la classification de Gass et Blodi, partageant les patients en 3 groupes. Notre patient rentre dans le groupe 1 type A de cette classification. Selon Gass il s'agirait d'une forme de la maladie de Coats et serait alors congénitale.

Abstract: Contribution of analytical chemistry to the study of styrax and benzoin botanical exudates. For several resins, gaps in botanical classification and ambiguities in their designation induce difficulties to correlate with precision botanical species and chemical composition. It is the case of balsamic resins called styrax and benzoins, for which there are important linguistic, botanical and chemical confusions. This study by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) of several resinous samples made it possible to specify the chemical and botanical membership of these substances at the origin of many interrogations. It also provided interesting information about the ways to obtain or to transform the resinous matters while evoking the possibility of adulterations or confusions with dammar resin issued from geographically close vegetable species. To cite this article: M. Hovaneissian et al., C. R. Chimie 9 (2006) . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Microbiology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases is the property of BMJ Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé: Autrefois considérée comme une maladie rare, l'œsophagite à éosinophiles (EoE) suscite depuis une vingtaine d'années un intérêt croissant et est devenue l'une des affections les plus couramment diagnostiquées au cours de l'endoscopie digestive haute pour dysphagie chez l'enfant et l'adulte. La physiopathologie de cette affection est complexe et regroupe plusieurs mécanismes, notamment une réponse immunitaire anormale vis-à-vis d'antigènes environnementaux, une altération et fibrose de la muqueuse œsophagienne. Le diagnostic d'EoE est à la fois clinique avec dysfonction œsophagienne et histologique avec une infiltration de la muqueuse œsophagienne par les polynucléaires éosinophiles. L'arsenal thérapeutique pour traiter cette maladie est relativement large : règles hygiéno-diététiques, traitements pharmacologiques tels que les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons et corticoïdes topiques, mais aussi les anticorps monoclonaux, en cours d'étude. L'endoscopie occupe également une place de choix dans la prise en charge thérapeutique avec une innocuité bien établie, notamment dans les formes fibro-sténosantes où l'efficacité des traitements pharmacologiques est souvent mise en défaut. Enfin, l'endoscopie a également un intérêt dans le suivi de la maladie avec un score de référence endoscopique « EREFS » (pour Exsudats, Anneaux, Œdèmes, Sillons et Sténoses) utilisé comme outil standardisé pour mieux évaluer et surveiller la maladie. Nous nous intéresserons ici particulièrement au rôle de l'endoscopie dans le diagnostic, le traitement et le suivi de l'EoE. Previously considered as a rare disease, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has aroused growing interest over the past twenty years and has become one of the most currently diagnosed disease during upper digestive endoscopy in the context of dysphagia in children and adults. The pathophysiology of esophagitis is complex and involves several mechanisms, including, an abnormal immune response to environmental antigens, alteration of the esophageal mucosa, and the development of fibrosis. The diagnosis of EoE is both clinical with esophageal dysfunction and histological with infiltration of the esophageal mucosa by eosinophilic polynuclei. The therapeutic arsenal to treat this pathology is relatively broad and calls upon hygienic-dietary rules, pharmacological treatments such as proton pump inhibitors and topical corticoids, and also monoclonal antibodies currently under studies. Endoscopy also occupies an important role in therapeutic management, particularly in fibro-stenosing forms of EoE where the efficacy of pharmacological treatments is often challenged, with well-established safety. Finally, endoscopy also has an interest in the follow-up of the disease with an endoscopic reference score which is EREFS (exudates, rings, oedemas, furrows and stenoses) used as a standardized tool to better evaluate and monitor EoE. Here we will focus on the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of EoE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Microbiology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mali Médical is the property of Mali Medical, Faculte de Medecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odonto-stomatologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It was previously proposed that plant growth-promoting bacteria that possess 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase could utilize ACC that is present in the exudate of germinating canola seeds. The uptake and cleavage of ACC by these bacteria would lower the level of ACC, and thus ethylene within the plant, and reduce the extent of its inhibition on root elongation. To test part of the above mentioned model, ACC levels were monitored in canola seed tissues and exudate during germination. Lower amounts of ACC were present in the exudate and tissues of seeds treated with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Enterobacter cloacae CAL3, than in control seeds treated with MgSO[sub 4] . The ACC-related compounds, α- and γ-aminobutyric acids, both known to stimulate ethylene production, were also measured in the canola seed exudate and tissues. Approximately the same levels of α-aminobutyric acid were present in the exudates of the bacterium-treated seeds and the control seeds, but the amount of α-aminobutyric acid was lower in the tissues of the bacterium-treated seeds than in the control seeds. Smaller quantities of γ-aminobutyric acid were seen in both the exudate and tissues of the E. cloacae CAL3-treated seeds than in the control seeds.Key words: ACC ethylene, canola, seed extract, seed exudate, plant growth-promoting bacteria.Il fut proposé précédemment que des bactéries activant la croissance des plantes et possèdant l'enzyme acide 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylique (ACC) désaminase pouvaient utiliser l'ACC présent dans les exsudats de graines de canola en germination. La consommation et le clivage de l'ACC par ces bactéries abaisseraient les niveaux d'ACC, et du même coup ceux d'éthylène, à l'intérieur de la plante, atténuant ainsi son inhibition sur l'élongation des racines. Afin d'éprouver un portion du modèle proposé ci-dessus, les niveaux d'ACC furent mesurés dans des tissus et des exsudats de graines de canola pendant la germination. Des quantités plus faibles d'ACC étaient présentes dans les exsudats et les tissus de graines traitées avec une bactérie activant la croissance des plantes, Enterobacter cloacae CAL3, que dans des graines témoins traitées avec du MgS0[sub 4] . Les composés apparentés à l'ACC, le acides α- et γ-aminobutyriques, tous deux reconnus pour stimuler la production d'éthylène, furent également mesurés dans les exsudats et les tissus de graines de canola. Environ les même niveaux d'acide α-aminobutyrique étaient présents dans les exsudats des graines traitées avec des bactéries et des graines témoins, alors que la quantité d'acide α-aminobutyrique était plus basse dans les tissus de graines traitées avec des bactéries par rapport aux graines témoins. Des quantités inférieures d'acide γ-aminobutyrique ont été détectées autant dans les exsudats que dans les tissus de graines traitées avec Enterobacter cloacae CAL3 par rapport aux graines témoins.Mots cles : ACC éthylène, canola, extrait des graines, exsudats des graines, bactéries activant la croissance des plantes.[Traduit par la Rédaction] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Microbiology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oilseeds & Fats, Crops & Lipids (OCL) is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Ophthalmologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of the interactions between plants and their microbial communities in the rhizosphere is important for developing sustainable management practices and agricultural products such as biofertilizers and biopesticides. Plant roots release a broad variety of chemical compounds to attract and select microorganisms in the rhizosphere. In turn, these plant-associated microorganisms, via different mechanisms, influence plant health and growth. In this review, we summarize recent progress made in unraveling the interactions between plants and rhizosphere microbes through plant root exudates, focusing on how root exudate compounds mediate rhizospheric interactions both at the plant-microbe and plant-microbiome levels. We also discuss the potential of root exudates for harnessing rhizospheric interactions with microbes that could lead to sustainable agricultural practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The rhizosphere is the zone of soil surrounding plant roots that is directly influenced by root exudates released by the plant, which select soil microorganisms. The resulting rhizosphere microbiota plays a key role in plant health and development by enhancing its nutrition or immune response and protecting it from biotic or abiotic stresses. In particular, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial members of this microbiota that represent a great hope for agroecology, since they could be used as bioinoculants for sustainable crop production. Therefore, it is necessary to decipher the molecular dialog between roots and PGPR in order to promote the establishment of bioinoculants in the rhizosphere, which is required for their beneficial functions. Methods: Here, the ability of root exudates from rapeseed (Brassica napus), pea (Pisum sativum), and ryegrass (Lolium perenne) to attract and feed three PGPR (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Azospirillum brasilense) was measured and compared, as these responses are directly involved in the establishment of the rhizosphere microbiota. Results: Our results showed that root exudates differentially attracted and fed the three PGPR. For all beneficial bacteria, rapeseed exudates were the most attractive and induced the fastest growth, while pea exudates allowed the highest biomass production. The performance of ryegrass exudates was generally lower, and variable responses were observed between bacteria. In addition, P. fluorescens and A. brasilense appeared to respond more efficiently to root exudates than B. subtilis. Finally, we proposed to evaluate the compatibility of each plant–PGPR couple by assigning them a “love match” score, which reflects the ability of root exudates to enhance bacterial rhizocompetence. Discussion: Taken together, our results provide new insights into the specific selection of PGPR by the plant through their root exudates and may help to select the most effective exudates to promote bioinoculant establishment in the rhizosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Microbiology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)