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Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Verifying the effect of the application of a bundle on the occurrence of bloodstream infection related to a peripheral insertion of central catheter in neonates. Prospective, quasi-experimental study, divided into three phases, the sample consisting of 169 neonates, 73 (43,2%) in control phase and 96 (56,8%) in intervention phase, and 1596 observations of the application of the bundle for a period of six months. The average bundle adherence rate was 83.4%. A drop in mean bloodstream infection rate of 3.9 / 1000 catheters / day to zero was observed during the study. No difference was identified in the number of catheters inserted, but the catheter length of use the catheters stayed was lower in the intervention phase (p = 0.065). There was no significant influence on the consumption of antiseptic soap for hand hygiene, but an increase in alcohol consumption was observed (p = 0.002). The bundle application aided in the improvement of the care provided, since no case of catheter infection was recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the hemolysis biomarkers of packed red blood cells transfused by two different linear peristaltic infusion pumps at two infusion rates. Method: An experimental and randomized study was designed simulating the clinical practice of transfusion. Two linear peristaltic infusion pumps from different manufactures were studied in triplicate at 100 mL/h and 300mL/h infusion rates. The chosen hemolysis biomarkers were total hemoglobin, free hemoglobin, hematocrit, potassium and degree of hemolysis. They were analyzed before and after each infusion. Results: Potassium showed statistically significant variations in all scenarios of the experiment (P<0.010). In a separated analysis, potassium increased mainly at 300mL/h rate (P=0.021) and free hemoglobin had significant variation when comparing infusion pumps from different manufacturers (P=0.026). Although hematocrit, total hemoglobin and degree of hemolysis had increased after infusion, no statistically significance variations were identified. Conclusions: Hemolysis risk induced by a linear peristaltic infusion pump was identified by an increase in free hemoglobin and potassium markers. As the potassium biomarker is often increased in aged packed red blood cells, we do not recommend using them in this scenario. Additional studies should be performed about other markers and using larger samples in order to reinforce the transfusion practice in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: to obtain information from scientific literature concerning infusion pumps used in administering erythrocyte (red blood cells) and to evaluate the implications in the practical use of this equipment by nurses when conducting transfusions. Method: an integrative revision of the following scientific databases: Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, the Virtual Library for Health, SciELO, Web of Science and Cochrane. The following descriptors were used: "infusion pumps", "blood transfusion", "transfused erythrocyte" and "hemolyis". There were no restrictions on the scope of the initial data and it was finalized in December 2014. 17 articles were identified in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: all of the publications included in the studies were experimental in vitro and covered the use of infusion pumps in transfusion therapy. A summary of the data was presented in a synoptic chart and an analysis of it generated the following categories: cellular damage and the infusion mechanism. Conclusion: infusion pumps can be harmful to erythrocytes based on the infusion mechanism that is used, as the linear peristaltic pump is more likely to cause hemolysis. Cellular damage is related to the plasmatic liberation of markers that largely dominate free hemoglobin and potassium. We reiterate the need for further research and technological investments to guide the development of protocols that promote safe practices and that can contribute to future clinical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The epidemiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia is well described for adults, but little information is available on risk factors for this disease in children. Objective: To identify predisposing factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in children. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective cohort study of 96 patients in a 9-bed pediatric intensive care unit was performed. Variables examined were demographic characteristics, inpatient care, medications, nutrition, invasive procedures, and characteristics of mechanical ventilation. Data were analyzed by using Pearson X2 analysis, Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests, odds ratios, and forward stepwise logistic regression. Results: Occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia correlated positively with use of nasoenteral tubes (odds ratio, 5.278; P < .001), intermittent administration of nutritional formula (odds ratio, 6.632; P = .005), emergency reintubation (odds ratio, 2.700; P = .02), use of vasoactive drugs (odds ratio, 5.108; P = .009), duration of mechanical ventilation (P < .001), and length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (P < .001) and in the hospital (P = .01). Conclusion: Use of vasoactive drugs, presence of a nasoenteral tube, and duration of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit were independent risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: to assess the practical application of the Pediatric Surgical Safety Checklist on the preoperative period and to verify family satisfaction regarding the use of the material. Method: exploratory study that aimed to analyze the use of the checklist by children who underwent surgical interventions. The sample was constituted by 60 children (from preschoolers to teens) and 60 family members. The variables related to demographic characterization, filling out the checklist, and family satisfaction, being evaluated through inferential and descriptive statistical analysis. Results: most children (71.7%) were male, with a median age of 7.5 years. We identified the achievement of 65.3% of the checklist items, 30.0% were not filled due to non-performance of the team and 4.7% for children and family reasons. In the association analysis, we found that the removal of accessories item (p = 0.008) was the most checked by older children. Regarding satisfaction, the family members evaluated the material as great (63.3%) and good (36.7%) and believed that there was a reduction of the child's anxiety (83.3%). Conclusion: the use of the checklist in clinical practice can change health services regarding safety culture and promote customer satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to verify the stability of vancomycin hydrochloride in antimicrobial seal solutions with and without association of heparin sodium according to temperature and association time. Method: an experimental study designed for the analysis of hydrogenionic potential and concentration by means of high-efficiency liquid chromatography of vancomycin hydrochloride (n=06) and vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium (n=06). The solutions studied were submitted to absence of light, as well as to 22°C and 37°C. Analyses in triplicate (n=192) were performed at the initial moment (T0) and three (T3), eight (T8) and 24 hours (T24) after preparation. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (p≤0.05). Results: concentration of the antimicrobial at 22°C presented a reduction (T0-T8) and a subsequent increase (T24); hydrogenionic potential decreased significantly over time. At 37°C, the concentration increased up to T3 and decreased at T24, with a reduction of hydrogenionic potential up to 24 hours. Concentration of the vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium solutions varied with a reduction at 22°C, accompanied by increased hydrogenionic potential. Precipitate formation was observed by visual inspection of the vancomycin hydrochloride-heparin sodium association (T3). Conclusion: pharmacological stability of vancomycin hydrochloride (5 mg/mL) and physical incompatibility with heparin sodium (100 IU/mL) were evidenced after three hours of association in the antimicrobial seal solutions studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to compare two compression times of the radial artery after coronary angiography with customized compressive dressing regarding the occurrence of hemostasis and vascular complications. Method: a randomized clinical study was carried out in patients undergoing elective transradial coronary angiography in two study groups: (G30), whose compressive dressing was maintained for 30 minutes, and (G60), whose compressive dressing was maintained for 60 minutes, both until the first evaluation of hemostasis. Variables related to patients, procedure, occurrence of hemostasis, and vascular complications were analyzed. Patency of the radial artery was assessed with Doppler vascular ultrasonography, immediately after removing the compressive dressing and 30 days after the procedure. Results: the sample consisted of 152 patients in G30 and 151 in G60. Hemostasis was evidenced in the first evaluation in 76.3% of G30 patients and 84.2% of G60 patients (p = 0.063). There were 91 immediate complications, being 53 hematomas and 38 occlusions of the radial artery. We identified 18 late occlusions, 7 (5.5%) in G30 and 11 (8.2%) in G60. Conclusion: the different compression times of the radial artery after coronary angiography did not significantly influence the occurrence of hemostasis and vascular complications. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (Rebec): RBR-7VJYMJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]