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One of the most frequent malignant tumors seen in clinics is primary liver cancer, also referred to as the "king of cancers." Therefore, the necessity for an effective and precise detection technique is urgent. Compared with the cantilever beam, the double-ended clamped beam has the characteristics of higher resonance frequency and stronger noise immunity, so it has a good application prospect as a biosensor. This paper takes the double-ended clamped beam biosensor as the object and focuses on the method that can be applied to the early diagnosis and detection of liver cancer. The manufacturing process of the double-ended clamped beam and the biofunctional modification of the beam surface were introduced. Meantime, this paper introduces the integration of the composite double-ended clamped beam biosensor system. As a result, a high-sensitivity, high-reliability in situ real-time monitoring technology for early-stage liver cancer is proposed. A composite double-ended clamped beam made of silicon and silicon nitride is used. The size of the double-ended clamped beam is 280 µm × 50µm × 5µm. This paper provides a low-cost, portable, and rapid early diagnosis method for liver cancer, which has very significant application value in the field of early cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 1986, the first microcantilever applied in atomic force microscope, the device manufacturing technology, driving method and readout technology have improved significantly. In this paper, five readout technologies will be introduced in detail, and they are optical readout, piezoelectric readout, piezoresistive readout, capacitance readout and electron tunneling readout, respectively. Among them, the piezoresistive readout technology attracts a large number of researchers due to simple detection equipment, easy integration, and lower cost. In order to improve the detection accuracy of the piezoresistive microcantilever, a detection system based on FPGA is proposed in this paper. Output signal of the piezoresistive microcantilever array sensor for alpha-fetoprote (AFP) detection was researched. The detection accuracy of 0.05 Hz is achieved, the system stability is within 0.6 Hz, and it has a precise detection level for AFP with concentration of 50 pg/ml, which makes microcantilever has potential in early diagnosis and detection of liver cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the use of AI in various MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) biosensor types. Al increases the potential of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System biosensors and opens up new opportunities for automation, consumer electronics, industrial manufacturing, defense, medical equipment, etc. Micro-Electro-Mechanical System microcantilever biosensors are currently making their way into our daily lives and playing a significant role in the advancement of social technology. Micro-Electro-Mechanical System biosensors with microcantilever structures have a number of benefits over conventional biosensors, including small size, high sensitivity, mass production, simple arraying, integration, etc. These advantages have made them one of the development avenues for high-sensitivity sensors. The next generation of sensors will exhibit an intelligent development trajectory and aid people in interacting with other objects in a variety of scenario applications as a result of the active development of artificial intelligence (AI) and neural networks. As a result, this paper examines the fundamentals of the neural algorithm and goes into great detail on the fundamentals and uses of the principal component analysis approach. A neural algorithm application in Micro-Electro-Mechanical System microcantilever biosensors is anticipated through the associated application of the principal com-ponent analysis approach. Our investigation has more scientific study value, because there are currently no favorable reports on the market regarding the use of AI with Micro-Electro-Mechanical System microcantilever sensors. Focusing on AI and neural networks, this paper introduces Micro-Electro-Mechanical System biosensors using artificial intelligence, which greatly promotes the development of next-generation intelligent sensing systems, and the potential applications and prospects of neural networks in the field of microcantilever biosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endocrine therapy is effective in the early stage of breast cancer treatment, and most tumor cells will gain the ability to proliferate under residual amounts of estrogen, which will cause the recurrence of the disease. The role of cell division cycle associated 8 (CDCA8) in Estradiol (E2)-stimulated breast cancer cells growth is investigated in this research. CDCA8 showed higher mRNA expression in E2-stimulated MCF7 and T47D cells, and such an increase could also be observed in tumor samples. CDCA8 shRNA inhibited the survival and growth detected by cell number and colony formation, while promoted cell cycle G1 phase arrest determined with flow cytometry, which coordinated with a decrease in E2-induced molecules, namely Cyclin D1 (CCND1), B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 (BCL2), and an increase in apoptosis-related molecules, such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1a (P21) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1b (P27). Kaplan-Meier plot analysis indicated that higher CDCA8 expression was positively associated with poor prognosis with a probability lower than 0.4 at the five-year interval (p = 0.035). All of these suggest that CDCA8 is a key mediator of estrogen-stimulated breast cancer cell growth and survival, which can be utilized as a novel target in breast cancer treatment. • CDCA8 expression is high in the breast cancer cells. • CDCA8 shRNA inhibits cancer cell survival and growth. • Higher CDCA8 expression Is positively associated with poor prognosis. • CDCA8 is a key mediator of E2-stimulated breast cancer cell growth and survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this work, a metal‐organic frameworks‐based porous carbon was explored for glucose oxidase immobilization and glucose sensing. ZIF‐67 was chosen as the precursors for the calcination treatment. The formed Co nanoparticles induced the graphitization of the carbon during the carbonization, resulting in a good conductivity. The followed HCl treatment partly removed the formed Co nanoparticles to give a larger specific surface area of the porous carbon due to the generated space voids from the dissolved Co nanoparticles. The resulting MOFs‐derived porous carbon show an improved loading performance toward glucose oxidase, and fast electron transfer was also demonstrated. This work proves the MOFs‐derived porous carbon as a novel and outstanding platform for the enzymatic electrocatalysis for the sensors and energy conversion devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The performance of electrochemical sensors is mainly limited by the intrinsic properties of electrocatalysts fabricated on the electrode. Introducing a p‐n heterojunction into semiconducing electrocatalysts is an effective strategy to enhance the sensing performance. In this paper, p‐n‐heterojunction‐based CuO/CeO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process, and the effect of different Cu/Ce molar ratios was explored. p‐CuO/n‐CeO2 was found to exhibit higher conductivity and electrocatalytic activity toward the target superoxide anion (O2.−) when compared to both bare CuO and CeO2. Characterization shows that different Cu/Ce ratios in p‐CuO/n‐CeO2 materials result in a considerable variation in the Ce3+/Ce4+ level, and energy band gap of CeO2, greatly affecting the electrochemical performance of p‐CuO/n‐CeO2. Under optimized conditions, these sensors exhibit high sensitivity and low detection limit toward O2.−. These results demonstrate that the performance of semiconductor‐based electrochemical sensors may be enhanced by the electron‐transfer process of p‐n junction interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are being widely explored in the application of electrocatalysis, the electro-inert organic ligands in MOFs have negative effects on electron transfer. Here, we suggest a facile electrochemical cathodization treatment for the controllable evolution of a Cu-MOF to improve its electrocatalytic performance. When a cathodic potential was applied, Cu-based structures evolving from Cu-MOF with different crystal phases, surface compositions, and morphologies were harvested by controlling the cathodization time. The obtained copper-based structures were found to have much higher activities than the as-synthesized Cu-MOF for glucose electrocatalysis in alkaline media. A 60 second cathodization treatment resulted in the largest sensitivity for glucose electrocatalytic sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Inside Back Cover picture shows that the cathodization treatment on Cu–MOF results in the evolution of a structure with improved electrocatalytic activity for glucose oxidation. More information can be found in the Communication by H. Zhao, M. Lan and co‐workers on page 246 in Issue 2, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600625). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]