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Mammalian dung represents a primary feeding and reproductive resource for most dung beetle species. Competition for the trophic resource is common among the subfamily Scarabaeinae showing different habits depending on the quantity and quality of food available. In this study, we evaluated the dung of six species of mammal native to Chiapas (Mexico) as attractants for sampling dung beetles. The six species have different feeding habits (carnivores, herbivores and omnivores) and the feces used were obtained from Zoo animals fed a standard diet. Sampling efficiency was over 99% for each of the attractants. Tapirus bairdii feces attracted the highest abundance, while Canis latrans attracted the highest richness and diversity was higher in Procyon lotor. The captured species showed no affinity for a specific attractant, and differences in richness, abundance, diversity, and species composition between baits were largely non-significant. These results suggest that when food availability is high, Scarabaeinae assemblages maintain very abundant populations with generalists feeding habits. However, other aspects such as the quality and quantity (volume) of the food may be important when choosing a resource. Hence, the use of different types of attractants that meet these characteristics offers the possibility of improving results in the monitoring of dung beetle communities in tropical forests, allowing the capture of those inconspicuous or rare species that inhabit the landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the transgenerational transmission of small-for-gestational age (SGA).Methods: This was a cohort study of a random sample of 2043 offspring delivered between 1975 and 1993 at Hospital Sant Joan de Déu in Barcelona. Exclusion criteria were multiple pregnancy, aneuploidy or genetic syndrome, major birth defects, severe mental disease and macrosomia. Eligible individuals were contacted and those with at least one offspring were included in the study. Participants were classified according to the presence of SGA (defined as birth weight < 10th percentile) at birth. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the presence of SGA or placenta-mediated disease (defined as the presence of SGA, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and/or placental abruption) in the following generation.Results: Of 623 individuals who agreed to participate, 152 (72 born SGA and 80 born appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA)) were reported to have at least one child. Descendants of SGA individuals presented with a lower birth-weight percentile (median, 26 (interquartile range (IQR), 7-52) vs 43 (IQR, 19-75); P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of SGA (40.3% vs 16.3%; P = 0.001) and placenta-mediated disease (43.1% vs 17.5%; P = 0.001) than did the offspring of AGA individuals. After adjustment for confounding variables, parental SGA background was associated with an almost three-fold increased risk of subsequent SGA or any placenta-mediated disease in the following generation. This association was stronger in SGA mothers than in SGA fathers.Conclusions: Our data provide evidence suggesting a transgenerational transmission of SGA, highlighting the importance of public health strategies for preventing intrauterine growth impairment. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the postnatal persistence of fetal cardiovascular remodelling associated with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in children at 3 years of age.Design: A cohort study of children conceived by ART.Setting: Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Spain.Population Sample: Eighty singleton pregnancies conceived by ART and 80 spontaneously conceived (controls) followed from fetal life up to childhood.Methods: Cardiovascular evaluation was performed at 3 years of corrected age, including echocardiography, carotid intima-media (cIMT) by ultrasound, and blood pressure.Main Outcome Measures: Postnatal persistence of cardiovascular changes in children conceived by ART.Results: Compared with controls, children conceived by ART showed larger atria (right atrial area: control 4.9 cm2 (0.9) versus ART 5.5 cm2 (0.9), P < 0.001), more globular ventricles (right ventricular sphericity index: control mean 1.8 (SD 0.5) versus ART 1.6 (0.2), P < 0.001), and signs of systolic (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion: control 18 mm (2) versus ART 16 mm (3), P < 0.001) and diastolic dysfunction (isovolumic relaxation time: control 68 ms (12) versus ART 79 ms (12), P < 0.001). ART children also presented increased systolic blood pressure (control 90 mmHg (6) versus ART 94 mmHg (5), P < 0.003) and cIMT (control 0.52 μm (0.14) versus ART 0.60 μm (0.16), P < 0.001) as compared with those spontaneously conceived.Conclusions: Cardiovascular changes previously reported in ART fetuses persist postnatally at 3 years of age. These results underscore the importance of future studies for assessing the long-term cardiovascular health associated with ART.Tweetable Abstract: Cardiovascular changes described in fetuses conceived by ART, persist in children at 3 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Recent data suggest that singleton fetuses conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) present cardiovascular remodeling that may persist postnatally. Twin pregnancies are more frequent in the ART population and are associated with increased adverse perinatal outcomes, such as hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes and preterm birth. However, it is unknown whether cardiac remodeling is also present in twin pregnancies conceived by ART. Our aim was to assess the presence of fetal cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in twin pregnancies conceived by ART as compared with those conceived spontaneously (SC).Methods: This was a prospective cohort study including 50 dichorionic twin fetuses conceived by ART and 50 SC twin fetuses. The study protocol included collection of baseline/perinatal data and a fetal ultrasound examination at 28-30 weeks' gestation, including assessment of estimated fetal weight, fetoplacental Doppler and fetal echocardiography. Measurements of atrial area, atrial/heart ratio, ventricular sphericity index, free wall thickness, mitral and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursions, and systolic and early diastolic peak velocities were assessed. Multilevel analyses were used to compare perinatal and ultrasonographic parameters. Comparisons of echocardiographic variables were adjusted for parental age, paternal body mass index and incidence of pre-eclampsia.Results: Compared with SC twins, ART twin fetuses showed significant cardiac changes, predominantly affecting the right heart, such as dilated atria (right atrial/heart area: 15.7 ± 3.1 vs 18.4 ± 3.2, P < 0.001), more globular ventricles (right ventricular sphericity index: 1.57 ± 0.25 vs 1.41 ± 0.23, P = 0.001) and thicker myocardial walls (septal wall thickness: 2.57 ± 0.45 mm vs 2.84 ± 0.41 mm, P = 0.034) together with reduced longitudinal motion (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion: 6.36 ± 0.89 mm vs 5.18 ± 0.93 mm, P < 0.001).Conclusions: ART twin fetuses present signs of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. These changes are similar to those observed in ART singletons and reinforce the concept of fetal cardiac programing in ART. These results open opportunities for early detection and intervention in infants conceived by ART. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To identify different cardiac phenotypes among cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR).Methods: Echocardiography was performed in 126 cases with FGR (birth weight < 10th centile) and 64 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) fetuses. Principal component and cluster analyses were performed to identify different cardiac phenotypes among FGR cases.Results: Three different cardiac phenotypes were identified among the FGR group: globular in 54% of cases, elongated in 29% of cases and hypertrophic in 17% of cases. Those with a globular heart had the lowest median left-ventricular sphericity index (controls, 1.78 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.62-1.97); FGR elongated, 1.92 (IQR, 1.78-2.09); FGR globular, 1.44 (IQR, 1.36-1.52); FGR hypertrophic, 1.65 (IQR, 1.42-1.77); P = 0.001). FGR cases with an elongated left ventricle had nearly normal cardiac dimensions. FGR cases with a hypertrophic phenotype had the highest median left-ventricular wall thickness (controls, 1.22 (IQR, 1.10-1.67) mm/kg; FGR elongated, 1.52 (IQR, 1.28-1.86) mm/kg; FGR globular, 1.65 (IQR, 1.39-1.99) mm/kg; FGR hypertrophic, 3.68 (IQR, 3.45-4.71) mm/kg; P = 0.001) and cardiac dimensions. Globular and elongated phenotypes showed a fetoplacental profile of late-onset FGR, while the hypertrophic phenotype showed signs of early-onset FGR. The hypertrophic group also had the poorest perinatal results, having the lowest birth-weight centile, gestational age at delivery and Apgar score and the highest postnatal blood pressure and aorta intima-media thickness.Conclusions: FGR induces at least three different cardiac phenotypes, with early-onset FGR cases being associated with a hypertrophic response and worse perinatal outcomes. This cardiac phenotypic classification may improve identification of FGR cases with the highest perinatal and long-term cardiovascular risks. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Politécnica is the property of Politechnico Colombian Jaime Isaza Cadavid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Breeding of tomato genotypes that limit whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) access and feeding might reduce the spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) that is the causal agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease. TYLCV is restricted to the phloem and is transmitted in a persistent manner by B. tabaci. The tomato breeding line ABL 14-8 was developed by introgressing type IV leaf glandular trichomes and secretion of acylsucroses from the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium accession TO-937 into the genetic background of the whitefly- and virus-susceptible tomato cultivar Moneymaker. Results of preference bioassays with ABL 14-8 versus Moneymaker indicated that presence of type IV glandular trichomes and the production of acylsucrose deterred the landing and settling of B. tabaci on ABL 14-8. Moreover, electrical penetration graph studies indicated that B. tabaci adults spent more time in nonprobing activities and showed a reduced ability to start probing. Such behavior resulted in a reduced ability to reach the phloem. The superficial type of resistance observed in ABL 14-8 against B. tabaci probing significantly reduced primary and secondary spread of TYLCV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Background: b Surgical treatment of CRC liver metastases has become the treatment of choice. Resection: 1 not resectable due dissemination, 8 major hepatectomy (50%; 6 right hepatectomies, 1 left hepatectomy and 1 left lateral segmentectomy) and 7 atypical resections. B Conclusion: b Surgery of patients with non-CRC LM is a good treatment option, with low morbidity and mortality and 3-y DFS close to 60%. [Extracted from the article]

Introducción: La nutrición es un pilar fundamental del abordaje de los niños en proceso oncológico siendo, la malnutrición, un indicador pronóstico de disminución de la supervivencia, independiente de mala respuesta al tratamiento; por lo que, la evaluación del estado nutricional, es fundamental. En nuestra Unidad, los niños eligen a demanda la comida, lo que puede propiciar transgresiones nutricionales a tener en consideración. Objetivos: Analizar la adecuación de las peticiones de comida, a las recomendaciones existentes. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de los menús solicitados por los pacientes de la Unidad de hemato-oncología pediátrica en dos meses. Se realiza análisis estadístico descriptivo de las variables registradas (grupos de alimentos), calculando para cada grupo alimentario el porcentaje promedio correspondiente. Resultados: Se analizaron un total de 611 comidas, distribuidas en desayuno, almuerzo, merienda y cena. El desayuno y la merienda se componen mayoritaríamente de un lácteo y un dulce en más del 90% de los casos. La proteína predominante en almuerzo y cena es la carne en más del 88% y las legumbres en un 0,6%. La fruta esta presente en el 51,5% de los almuerzos y 25% de las cenas, y las verduras el 30% de ellas Las distribución de macronutrientes de las peticiones analizadas es la siguiente: 44,55% Proteínas, 38,6% DE H d C y 32,37% de Grasas con un 5,8 de frutas y un 3,4 de verduras. Conclusiones: Las peticiones analizadas, no son equilibradas, se componen de con exceso de dulces, proteínas cárnicas y grasas saturada y son pobre en frutas, verduras, legumbres. Lo que hace necesaria una intervención. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Results: b 72 metachronous (51%) and 70 synchronous metastases: 14 simultaneous resection, 14 liver-first, and colon-liver resection in 60%. B Conclusion: b Resection of CCR hepatic metastases is the treatment of choice with 5-year DFS about 32% and mean DFS of 34 months. Initial hepatic resection in synchronous metastases has been associated with worse DFS as well as second resections. [Extracted from the article]

Introducción: El parto prematuro es la principal causa de mortalidad y morbilidad neonatal a corto y a largo plazo. Por ello, cada vez adquiere más relevancia la detención precoz de posibles factores de riesgo asociados a este tipo de parto. La dieta materna influye en el desarrollo fetal y en la salud de la madre, tanto en la etapa gestacional como en la etapa de lactancia. Objetivos: Analizar el estado nutricional de las gestantes y su influencia en el parto prematuro. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo y descriptivo. El universo fue 274 historias clínicas de las madres de los recién nacidos ingresados entre enero de 2010 a septiembre de 2012 en la Unidad Neonatal del Hospital Universitario "San Cecilio" de Granada (España). Con una muestra aleatoria de n = 51 mujeres. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, nutricionales y gineco-obstétricas. Resultados: El 60,8% declara un consumo alto (bastante/mucho) de dulces, el 51% consumo alto de golosinas, el 33,3% de refrescos y el 53% consumo alto de fritos o precocinados. En el análisis bivariante se encontró un mayor consumo de golosinas en las mujeres con parto prematuro (< = 33 semanas), 78,4% vs 38,5% (p = 0,014); menor consumo de pescado, 18,96% vs 46,2% (p = 0,073). El % de madres que cocina con aceite de oliva es significativamente menor entre las que tienen parto prematuro que en aquellas con parto a término, 51,4% vs 92,3% (p = 0,009). Conclusiones: La dieta de la gestante es un factor determinante en la prematuridad, influyendo la escasa ingesta de pescado y elevada de bebidas hidrocarbonatadas, bollería y alimentos fritos o precocinados. Las mujeres no suelen consumir frutas, verduras, ni comidas tradicionales y elaboradas, como son los guisos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salivary cortisol is a steroid hormone that is produced in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and secreted into saliva when persons are under stress. High levels of cortisol in saliva can be produced by many different factors, including obesity and certain psychological disorders. The articles selected for inclusion in this review were identified using Google Scholar and Medline, and this search obtained a total of 57 items. The validity of these studies was established according to the degree of evidence presented, by citations and by their applicability to the healthcare context in Spain. Specifically, this review takes into consideration studies of salivary cortisol and stress in children and adults, and those examining the relation between high levels of salivary cortisol and other disorders such as anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, social phobia or emotional deprivation. These studies show that salivary cortisol is a clear indicator of stress in both children and adults. High levels of this hormone in saliva are associated with the following main consequences: reduced immune function, affecting healing and thus prolonging recovery time; delayed growth in children; increased blood pressure and heart rate in both children and adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: La nutrición materna se ha descrito como uno de los factores importantes en nacimientos de bebés pre términos. Es necesario identificar aquellos factores que podrían resultar beneficiosos para disminuir su incidencia. Objetivos: Analizar la relación entre las variables socio demográfico y nutricional en mujeres gestantes. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo y descriptivo. El universo fue 274 historias clínicas de las madres de los recién nacidos ingresados entre enero de 2010 a septiembre de 2012 en la Unidad Neonatal del Hospital Universitario "San Cecilio" de Granada (España). La muestra, n = 51 mujeres. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, nutricionales y psicosociales de las mujeres seleccionadas. Resultados: La edad de las mujeres fue 32,06 ± 5,67 de media. El 86,3% de nacionalidad española, y la mayoría con nivel de estudios secundarios (39,2%) o primarios (23,5%). El 88,2% vive con pareja y el 82,4% cuenta con apoyo familiar durante el embarazo. Se encontró una relación significativa entre el nivel de estudios y el consumo de ciertos alimentos, como legumbres, arroz y pastas, 73,7% en las mujeres con mayor nivel de estudios vs 26,3% en las de nivel bajo (p = 0,004). Las mujeres con mala o regular condición económica se produce un mayor consumo de embutidos con respecto a las que la tenían buena (77,2% vs 22,9%; p = 0,017), menor consumo de frutas (45% vs 55%; p = 0,005), mayor consumo de dulces (77,5% vs 22,5%; p = 0,001) y chucherías (80% vs 20%; p = 0,003). Las mujeres con mayor apoyo familiar consumen más frutas (100% vs 0%; p = 0,008), huevos (72,4% vs 27,6%; p = 0,033) usan más aceite de oliva (96,8% vs 3,2%), (p = 0,001) y cocinan más a la plancha (92,9% vs7,1 %; p = 0,030). Conclusiones: El nivel social bajo, una dieta no saludable, el bajo nivel educativo y los escasos apoyos familiares determinan una mayor aparición de neonatos prematuros. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: Los beneficios de la Lactancia Materna para le niño y para la relación materno - filial han sido ampliamente demostrados, de forma que en la actualidad es uno de los objetivos fundamentales en todos los organismos nacionales e internacionales que se dedican al estudio y al cuidado de los niños'-2. Las nuevas tendencias señalan que el periodo crítico para el establecimiento de una buena lactancia es el primer día después del parto y que el mejor momento para su inicio son los primeros 30 minutos de vida. Se ha podido comprobar que si el Recién Nacido no ha sido puesto al pecho en este tiempo disminuye el reflejo de succión y éste no vuelve a aparecer hasta el final de la séptima o la décima hora de vida y algo menos vigoroso. Objetivo: El objetivo que pretendemos en esta evaluación es instaurar la Lactancia Materna en las primeras horas de vida y realizar un seguimiento telefónico en los primeros 6 meses (15 días, al mes, 2,4 y 6 meses). Material y método: El material humano objeto de este trabajo se compone aproximadamente de 50 madres lactantes que en el momento de dar a luz a sus hijos fueron ingresados en las unidades de Recién Nacidos Patológicos y Prematuros. Se trata de un estudio comparativo longitudinal y prospectivo de varios años de duración realizado durante 2009/2011. El método empleado consiste en la valoración de los niños en la etapa de Recién Nacido durante su hospitalización así como atención individualizada a la madre para la instauración de la Lactancia Materna. Empleando para ello formularios de lactancia para la buena instauración de la misma y educación sanitaria e información a las madres Resultados: En el grupo estudio que representa el 55% de todos los Recién Nacidos valorados, se obtienen los siguientes resultados: El nivel de Lactancia Materna fue superior (Objetivo Lactancia Materna 6 meses). Se ha comprobado un alto nivel de participación en el seguimiento de los cuidados recomendados a los padres. En los niños evaluados pudimos comprobar una mayor incidencia de lactancia materna cuando se le enseñaba "in situ" el formulario de lactancia. Igualmente pudimos comprobar que el seguimiento de lactancia materna en meses estaba en relación con las horas que se le dedicaba a las madres (información, educación sanitaria y formación) en los primeros días después del parto. Conclusiones: Se ha comprobado que las madres necesitan un aprendizaje en cuanto a la posición del cuerpo, la respuesta del bebe, el vínculo emocional, la anatomía, la succión y el tiempo. Una de las conclusiones es que la duración de la lactancia en meses está en relación con el aprendizaje a través de los formularios de lactancia que se le han realizado a las madres los primeros días de vida del recién nacido en la propia Unidad Neonatal y con seguimiento en los primeros días postparto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]