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The rise and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is having an exponential impact on the process of transformation and realignment of global geopolitics. While the United States, China and to a lesser extent the European Union (EU) are leading the “race” to develop AI in a climate of confrontation, the technological development of AI is much more multifaceted and global than the geopolitical discourse of the major powers, with emerging actors and ecosystems that should not be underestimated. In line with the calls to create more inclusive frameworks of global AI governance, this paper explores what role the Global South plays in the geopolitics of AI. It analyses the spaces, actors and concerns currently overlooked in the dominant discourses on the geopolitics of AI, perspectives that are essential to understand how algorithmic systems are going to develop in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coworking spaces and the creative industries represent a rapidly growing but highly diverse shared economy sector. The paper outlines the types of incremental or radical forms of change developed that lead to industrial–institutional coevolution based on evidence from selected cities in Central and Eastern Europe. The results suggest that CS in peripheral areas are contributing primarily to the path upgrading through local embeddedness of stakeholders. These spaces contribute to refocusing local creative ecosystems by enhancing competitiveness of microclusters. Results suggest that CS in peripheral areas are contributing primarily to the path upgrading through local embeddedness of stakeholders through remote workers and digital nomads These cases underline replicative entrepreneurship, where local stakeholders gather momentum for a subsequent period characterised by new internal structures and services in the urban setting. Considering the form of change, our results emphasise the importance of reproductive agency based on diverse services to digital nomads and remote workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this text Kukily collectively approaches the topic of peripheries and processes of recognizing new centres. Initially defining their position – from where they are talking, from which peripheries and which centres – they move into a broader discussion of periphery-centre relations as they exist today. The knowledge of the periphery, especially that which comes from Africa and its diaspora, becomes a departure point to imagine futures, as well as create new ways of organising and relating. Kukily emphasises the links they find between afrofuturism and anticolonialism, which helps us understand their approach to connecting political and artistic work. By bringing their multidisciplinary artistic work XTRÆNCESTRAL into this text, they bring life into the theoretical work with practices rooted in their community and experiences as people of African descent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New media platforms offer diverse modes of mediation of every day and tourist places and communities. Spatial social media now augment older forms of mediation, partly by enabling contributions from 'ordinary' users, who create and share spatial discourses. This study examines the discursive construction of peripheral places, produced through user-generated content. Employing qualitative methodology, we sample and analyze 1,053 texts, shared on Google Maps in southern regions of Israel. The key conclusions suggest that compared to traditional media discourses depicting peripheral spaces in Israel, the findings demonstrate a shift from homogeneous depictions to more diverse and multilayered ones. Digital affordances result in more actors and stakeholders partaking in discursive construction, including private and institutional local players, visitors and tourists. Theoretical contributions are offered to the field of digital placemaking, by considering the subjective, evaluative and ideological layers that augment geographical data digital maps provide ('bottom-up' perspective), and to the fields of study of marginalized peripheral and rural communities and tourism crisis in peripheral (post-Coronavirus) locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of settled civilizations, cities have represented places of innovation and meeting points for flows of goods, services, people, ideas, and cultural expressions. Cities as places of interaction help to develop new ideas, solutions, and applications. If the spreading of innovation in the past appeared as a spontaneous process, nowadays it is inserted into more structured business models for enterprises and companies and in development policies at central, regional, and local levels. This also involves cities, as investing in innovation can represent opportunities for their growth. Urban geography literature, for instance, examines the urban life cycle, which has evolved into what Florida terms the 'New Urban Crisis'. Based on the 'demographic winter' facing Italy and other industrialized countries, the present work aims to observe the most recent urban dynamics in spatial and demographic changes, innovation, and digital transitions. This research combined an analysis of innovative cities in Italy, based on the innovation index (ICity Rank) with demographic data, considering metropolitan cities and their functional urban areas (FUAs), along with a set of mid-sized cities identified as 'innovative' and dynamic. Cities were ranked within the urban life cycle model, employing LISA (Local Moran's I) as a method for analysis and clustering. Using spatial analytical techniques, the work focused on the Italian urban system, its capital cities and mid-size innovative cities, considering urban dynamics in terms of population change, income, and innovation, observing their characteristics and recent evolution (2019–2023). The findings highlight the formation of urban 'champions' and their characteristics in terms of ability to attract people and expertise. The results show that innovative metropolitan cities are able to maintain population levels, particularly in suburban rings, while populations in the core areas tend to decline. However, certain innovative metropolitan cities in Southern Italy maintained or increased the core population. In general, medium-sized cities present more interesting dynamics, showing either population stability or a slower rate of decline.

In conventional approaches, technological advance is presented as the main factor to explain the scope of automation. However, «technological advancement» is not the same as «adoption». In fact, in the peripheries, greater potential to automate coexists with lower technological adoption. To explain this apparent contradiction, we incorporate two theoretical concepts that are not normally considered in the literature related to the future of work: the Marxist replacement equation and the adoption capacities of evolutionism. When considering together, the proposal for «requalification» as a public policy to mitigate the effects of technologies based on artificial intelligence is insufficient, since both economic and adoption issues limit the process.

Urban morphogenesis in informal settlements results from occupation, transformation, and morphological extension processes that cause territorial fragmentation, producing inequality and spatial segregation, which are the main characteristics of Latin American informal urbanism. However, there is scarce research on analysing the processes that cause fragmentation. The research develops a morphological analysis that aims to improve the processes of urban assemblage by identifying the dynamics of territorialisation and deterritorialisation promoted by political and social factors, capable of producing spatial discontinuity in the informal morphogenic evolution. As a method, a diachronic analysis is developed by mapping the morphological evolution of the processes of occupation, transformation and extension of networks between 2002 and 2021 on three models of informal settlements in Lima, Mexico City, Medellin and Santiago de Chile for a comparison of cases. As a result, corrective mechanisms called “interface devices” (ID) are obtained, which include the improvement of land management policies and the implementation of gradual interventions according to informal evolution, decreasing urban fragmentation in different phases of territorial evolution and the possibility of being applied in international contexts of the global south.

Despite the recent policy impetus for age-friendly cities, there is still scope for more geographical insights into ageing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cities in LMICs, such as Bengaluru (India), are witnessing an increase in the size of the older population in their peripheral urban regions, but there is relatively little understanding of the risks of exclusion in later age in these liminal zones. This study, set in a peripheral ward of Bengaluru, focuses on the experiences of exclusion/inclusion of socio-economically marginalised older adults and their access to work, health care and leisure. The research uses a multidimensional old-age exclusion framework to highlight how the domains of neighbourhood, material resources, mobility infrastructure and social relations influence the risks for social exclusion. We use a qualitative approach by combining behavioural mapping and in-depth interviews. Our findings highlight some ways in which institutionalised exclusion from civic infrastructure accentuates the precariousness of ageing. The rigidity of traditional hierarchies in peri-urban regions has meant that older adults who were poor, women and belonged to marginalised castes experience constrained mobilities to access labour markets, health care and social life, compounding their place-based exclusion. Despite social networks and solidarities, older adults on the periphery faced individualisation of risks while trying to access the basic amenities, thereby falling between the gap of the urban–rural milieu and governance. Age-friendly cities need to accommodate such hybrid transitionary urban processes, in the absence of which, active ageing in these rising peripheries can be impeded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Homonormativity refers to the ratification and endorsement of heteronormative institutions and structures into lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) lives, culture and discourse. While homonormativity is commonly manifested in (relatively) privileged, White, able‐bodied gay men, this paper focuses on lesbian, bisexual and transgender (LBT) women's experiences in Israeli peripheral and rural spaces. As a concept, homonormativity has the potential of reducing lived experiences into a widely criticized category. Instead, we voice the geographical, temporal and gendered potential of homonormative processes to articulate varied ways for leading a queer life under capitalism. Based on 61 qualitative interviews with LBT women living in the Israeli peripheries, we argue that LBT women employ two major homonormative processes of becoming political subjects to negotiate their sexualities in a space fraught with LGBTphobia. These homonormative processes are comprised of assimilation and contestation, revealing a nuanced mode of political subjectivity, shaped by ongoing experiences of LGBTphobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes Argentina−China relations based on the actions of the Argentine provinces between 2014 and 2023. The focus is on the double periphery provinces and the initiatives with Chinese actors, observing the transformations produced within the Argentine federal state and in the interstate relationship between the two countries. The methodological approach is qualitative with case studies through a sample of three provinces located in the double periphery of Argentina: Catamarca, Jujuy, and Salta. This study encompasses the period from the initiation of Comprehensive Strategic Relations between Argentina and China in July 2014, extending up to 2023, coinciding with the conclusion of President Alberto Fernández's term in office. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The urban development processes of interior cities have progressively become important objects of study in geographic science. In this sense, this article seeks to reflect on the production of a neighborhood identified as a periphery in the context of a border city and agribusiness. The objective was, based on the concept of landscape (Verdum, 2012, Berque, 1998), narratives in semi-structured interviews and analysis of cartography, using aerial photographs from 1965, 1996 and a Google Maps image from 2015, to weave the neighborhood’s production processes and their fragmentations. It was possible to recognize their differences in villages, as well as otherness, physical and symbolic, resulting from inequality processes.

This paper investigates the role of European firms´ location in their access to capital from 2014 to 2018. Spatial variation in a firm´s access to finance triggers differences between the development of rural and urban areas. The study draw on the geography of finance, which explores the phenomenon of the spatial distribution of financial markets, and aim to answer the question of to what extent the location of a firm affects its access to capital. The authors focus on both credit and equity markets and pursue an econometric approach. The paper explore the drivers of the capital structures of European firms with the main control variables connected to the spatial distribution of economic actors. The authors adds to the regional finance literature by examining hard data on the real capital structure patterns of firms. The findings lead to different conclusions: While for the credit market, the location of a firm still matters, financial center bias regarding the primary equity market is fading due to the growing computerization of communication. Highlights: • Companies from financial centers have better access to bank credit. • The concentration of the banking system increases the disparities between the core and periphery. • There is financial center bias in the equity markets in most European countries. • Financial center bias is negatively linked to the computerization of financial markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the work detailed here has been to assess the influence of the spatial locations of small towns on their functional structure. Relevant analysis involves 7 regions of Poland, with a total of 91 small towns representing two types of location category, i.e. within metropolitan areas or with a peripheral location. More specifically, research carried out used two means achieving functional classification, using either structural/hierarchical or morphological/functional analysis. Results emerged as confirming initial assumptions on the socio-economic functions small urban localities play as a reflection of their locations. In general, towns in metropolitan locations serve functions beyond purely local ones and display a specialised economic structure within which residential and industrial functions prevail. In turn, the functional structure of towns in peripheral locations emerges as highly diversified, with the role in supplying local functions also proving more significant in this case. Overall, the differences between the so-called metropolitan and peripheral small towns are seen to arise more from their level in the hierarchy than from economic structure as such. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short paper serves as an introduction to the special issue published in Geografiska Annaler B on the topic of innovation in the periphery. In addition to summarizing the main contributions included within the special issue, this piece reflects on the current state of knowledge in this sub-field and where the gaps are that need to be filled by research going forwards. This collection represents one step in this direction and pushes forward an interdisciplinary and varied approach to studying innovation in the periphery. There are three particular themes relating to innovation in the periphery that this piece picks up: defining peripheries, beyond technological innovation in the periphery and discourses of crisis in the periphery. It finishes with some suggestions for a roadmap, looking forward as to what the future of research in the periphery might be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the central hypothesis of present study, the spatial structure of backwardness in socialist and post-socialist Hungary is a persistent phenomenon. The research is seeking to identify the factors influencing the persistence of socio-economic peripheralization, as well as to describe the spatial and temporal stability of the spatial structure of backwardness. The thesis presents the main processes of the "locked in on the peripheral path" during the examined period, and formulates research questions related to the above objectives. The answers are typically provided by using quantitative methods, partially explanatory models (binary logistic regression), and exploratory space-time data analysis methods (ESTDA). The models explaining the backwardness trajectories of the settlements confirm the path dependence based on cumulative processes, and point to the permanent structural weaknesses of the urban network in certain peripheral large areas. Multi-speed peripheries can be delineated with spatial and temporal analyses, which prove the spatially heterogeneous and significant presence of circular cumulative processes (vicious circles). Basically, the thesis supports the necessity of place-based development proposals, for this purpose interventions at state and other (supranational) levels must be well-founded in order to suit local needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most diverse fields of knowledge have focused on understanding the dimension of space and time in human sociability for centuries. In the field of Geography is also a very traditional topic in terms of academic research. But the second half of the 20th century brought an expansion in reflections on temporal research, due to Hagerstrand's temporal geography research, as well later contributions in broader and more critical perspectives. But there are still few studies in Brazil with this theme. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the foundations of temporal geography for a critical analysis of urban crossings and biography of the daily (i)mobilities of the peripheral populations from the metropolis of São Paulo. The methodology used in this article refers to quantitative and qualitative approaches and usages of new technologies for the active GPS positioning of smartphones. It was found that the urban crossings of peripheral populations are marked by everyday constraints that limit the time-space prism and make it impossible to access opportunities on the edges of the metropolis of São Paulo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case study is presented with the results of a practice of reading for pleasure among a group of women living in the periphery, based on the theory of cultural consumption. The objective was to encourage intergenerational dialogue around the myths of romantic love, gender roles, and femininity, through literary texts written by women. The main results showed that literature is an ideal tool to encourage reflection on issues such as violence, discrimination, abuse, or femicide; at the same time, reading for pleasure increases. It is concluded that literary texts are tools that trigger reflections on gender issues and that the creation of workshops in peripheral areas of the cities can increase the taste for reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais is the property of Associacao Nacional de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa em Planejamento Urbano e Regional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Society & Leisure / Loisir & Société is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The tension between planning and project-based urban planning is a classic debate in spatial planning. This tension is reinforced by the major transformations of Moroccan cities, particularly in their peripheries. Public actors at all levels are fluctuating between regulation and strategic support for the market dynamics. In the race for metropolitan influence, this dual positioning challenges the instruments and reshapes the stakeholder networks. The article explores the role of urban planning tools, which are constantly being questioned by those involved in the urban fabric as to their ineffectiveness in planning the city, and which are often out of date by the time they are approved, despite the fact that many public players are involved in their elaboration.The article is based on a qualitative approach using semistructured interviews with those involved in urban planning and development. Firstly, it explores the evolution of the Plan d'Aménagement (PA), a tool introduced by the colonial power and subject to the tension between opening up lands to urbanisation and keeping territories under control. This tool has been particularly affected by the massive opening up to urbanisation on the outskirts. The example of El Menzeh, a municipality strategically located at the gateway to the capital, provides an opportunity to explore the current role of the document, in particular its ability to enforce a certain type of formal city and control its settlement. Finally, at the crossroads of ordinary and exceptional planning institutional and instrumental reconfigurations, renewing the tension between security issues and growth ambitions.

The paper discusses artist Pan Jianfeng’s transcultural series Roses from the Dark as a reconsideration of hierarchical binaries associated with language, culture, and artistic value. By relinquishing a focus on any “meaning” or “outcome” of Roses, the paper instead considers the communication between Pan’s influences, geography, and artistic process in creating such multilayered works of art. Using interviews with Pan himself, as well as sources across time and space, the paper draws various connections to emphasize the lack of validity in perceived cultural boundaries. Finally, a look at language – and specifically the imagery of Chinese script – considers the ways in which traditional models of reading or understanding must be suspended in order to accept the beauty of Pan’s Roses.

The paper focuses on various dimensions of European identity in Polish and Serbian travel writings about Asia in the period from the 1850s to the 1920s, examining several case studies that show how travellers often identified themselves as Europeans, but sometimes discussed various aspects of European identity and had many issues with this self-description. The analysis is based on a large corpus of Polish and Serbian travelogues, but works by Gustaw Olechowski, Karol Lanckoroński, Pavel Petrović, Jerzy Bandrowski, Milan Jovanović, Eugeniusz Romer, Jadwiga Marcinowska and Jelena Dimitrijević are scrutinised in detail. The following issues are discussed: assuming European identity, European identity and planetary consciousness, overcoming Orientalism, the periphery complex, reversed Orientalism and Occidentalism, patriotism, and identification with Asians.

The uniqueness of Wallachian settlement in the territories of Poland was that it extended beyond its natural mountain and submontane zone. This resulted in the emergence of settlements founded under Wallachian law, including the Sandomierz Forest area. The aim of the article is to examine the economic activity of the residents of these settlements, which was conditioned by the environmental situation. One important problem addressed in this work is the question of reasons for the colonisation backwardness in this region, manifested in the slow pace of the progress of urbanisation, the limited scope of the money economy, and the late development of manorial demesnes, among other factors. These delayed and poorly discernible processes were followed by the evolution of the profile of Wallachian-law settlements, evident in the 16th century. The permeation of elements of Wallachian customs into agricultural settlements was an important adaptation element that has not been properly examined in the literature.

This article examines how torture and death intertwine in family and neighborhood relationships in a lasting way. Using a case study, the experience of a mother whose daughter worked for the drug trade, was tortured by military police, threatened with death by local drug dealers and imprisoned for nine months, we see how the war on drugs infiltrates modes of existence, the ways in which people relate to one another, and the very formation of the person as subject.

The existing research on contextual sources of support for populist parties has revolved around two factors: the unemployment rate and the size of immigrant groups. Conceived as residential characteristics, observation of these factors has been seen to increase support for radical parties in Western European countries. We identify different contextual (non-individual) drivers of support for populist parties in the post-communist Czech Republic (Czechia). Based on a large sample of voters (n = 23,734), we identify the (contextual) effect of economic hardship and demographic decline on support for populist parties. We interpret these results as supporting the theory of regional peripheralization. This peripheralization has been identified to be particularly strong in the post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and has widened regional socio-economic disparities in this region. We show how these processes have affected voting behaviour and support for political parties. In a second step, we use a sample from eastern Germany (n = 524) to test whether peripheralization affects support for populist parties in other post-communist regions. The results confirm the hypothesis also in the case of east Germany. Our study contributes to the debate by pointing out a novel mechanism that leads to increased support for radical and moderate populist parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A possible reimagining of the phenomenon of urban sprawl is presented here, with a view to exploring and projecting a model of territorial development adapted to present and future societal and climatic contingencies: this involves rethinking the urban landscape on the basis of fragmented and neglected rural typologies. The Rurapolis platforms are anchored in the cross-border territory of the Pyrenees -- between Navarre in Spain and the Pyrénées- Atlantiques department in France. A collective process of rammed earth construction combined with contemporary dance, brought to the abandoned village of Egulbati for a few days, will be used to address the issue of rural depopulation in a region where there are more than a hundred abandoned villages. These ruins, which run like fissures through the landscape, are seen here as potential clusters to activate a Rurapolis adapted to the ecological transition. The aim here is to show how a small-scale cultural initiative such as the Rurapolis platforms would allow us to take action in the context of the climate and health crisis, assess the viability of a larger-scale, long-term territorial project, and ultimately give visibility to a possible renaissance of the rural environment and its ruins on the back of a collective experience that revives a forgotten place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arxiu d'Etnografia de Catalunya is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper centers on the smallest towns (with populations below 10 000 inhabitants) in Mazovia region, Poland. What is mainly involved in the paper is an indicating of differences or regularities characterising the functional structures of small towns, and the roles they play in respect of the surrounding areas – in relation to their geographical location. The subjects of the detailed study were 10 localities in Mazovia: Serock, Radzymin, O?arów Mazowiecki, Pilawa and Skaryszew – all located in the vicinity of a large agglomeration; and ?osice, Ró?an, Przysucha, Lipsko and Chorzele, in peripheral locations. Small peripheral towns have much more important functions to supply to the rural areas surrounding them than the agglomerated towns. Unfortunately, they are losing internal potential and they are characterised by unfavourable demographic processes. In turn, the small towns located within the wider surroundings of the agglomerations have been experiencing population growth.

In 1185, after a successful revolt against the Byzantine empire, the so-called second Bulgarian kingdom was established on the territory of the former province of Paradounavon/Paristrion, that had been the first area of settlement of the Bulgars who had crossed the Danube and established their state in 681, and had become a peripheral region of the Byzantine empire after the conquests of Tzimiskes and Basil II. Even before the 1185 revolt, however, Paristrion had already begun to develop an embryonal degree of self-consciousness, although not in a ‘national’ way, owing to its peculiar history and ethnic composition. During the course of the 9th–12th century it had experienced a constant influx of invaders from the north, many of whom had in the end settled, either forcibly or after reaching an agreement with the imperial authorities. Those mixobarbaroi, half-civilized barbarians (according to the Byzantine point of view) had gradually integrated with the local population, made of Bulgarians, Vlachs, and Byzantine soldiers, settlers and administrators coming from the various provinces of the empire. When the military presence on the Danube was strong the region prospered economically, and became integrated in a vast trade network managed by Cuman and Rus’ traders and raiders; but during the 12th century the empire gradually withdrew its troops and its interest in Paristion, and this relative prosperity began to diminish. Coupled with the remembrance, in popular traditions, of the past glory and abundance of the first Bulgarian empire, and with the increasing fiscal burden that oppressed the local traders, the Paristrians gradually became convinced that their future prosperity, much like at the time of the first Bulgarian kingdom, was in their independence from the empire. Once again, this peripheral region began the centre of an independent polity that traced its roots in the past Bulgarian kingdom, but exhibited also some radically different traits.

The article discusses some of the lessons left by the book The Weight of the world (BOURDIEU, 1999) in the light of the findings of a research interview conducted with a Catholic priest, in which he discusses the participation of women in the social movements he led: for housing, education, health in the peripheries of a large Brazilian metropolis. The research team combined semi-structured interviews with the analysis of statistical series. The priest's testimony is presented almost in full in this article. Next, we show the partial results of a Principal Component Analysis, based on public statistics (POPULATION CENSUS, IBGE, 2012). The interview and the statistical analysis allow us to work on two different levels the notions of "misery of condition" and "misery of position", proposed in The Misery of the World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Differently from most of Estonia, in the south-easternmost peripheries of the country – in the western border areas of Setomaa, as well as in the eastern and southern borderlands of Võrumaa – it is possible to distinguish sacred sites of regional meaning, i.e. those where popular religious assemblies related to offering took place on holidays. In the Orthodox Seto culture area where medieval way of life survived until the 1920s, such sites are represented by the sacral complex of Miikse (offering stone, healing stream, cemetery hill, formerly also sacred oak and spring), St Anne’s stone (Annekivi) in Pelsi and Päevapööramise mägi (‘The Hill Where the Sun Turns’) in Hinniala village. Two major Orthodox religious centres of Setomaa have been founded on pre-Christian sacred sites. The church of Saatse was preceded by a sacred pine tree. On the site of the famous monastery of Pechory (Petseri) there was probably a large sacral complex of a sacred hill with a grove and cave, as well as a sacred spring and offering stone. The site of religious assemblies called Bohomola mägi (‘The hill of praying to God’) was located somewhere on the forested borderlands of the Lutheran province of Livonia and the Orthodox province of Pskov, being attended by peasants from both regions. In Lutheran areas where the modernization of culture started since the 1850s and 1860s already, folkloric evidence is fragmentary and has preserved more poorly. There sites of popular assemblies related to offering on holidays are known from Viitina Vana-mõisa, Villa, Viitka, Paidra, Kuutsi and Linte, and a sacred site of central importance was located also on God’s hill of Vana-Laitsna (presently Vēclaicene municipality in Latvia). Most of these the sites lie in the extreme peripheries of medieval parishes – the churches of Räpina, Vastseliina and Hargla were founded only in the 17th century. The hinterlands of regional holiday assemblies probably correspond to regional identity units based of village groups called “corners” (nulk, kolk). Judging by the location of regional assembly sites of central meaning, their influence radius stretched until 6–10 kilometres. However, the system was not of symmetric character: some sites evidently had larger hinterlands than others and the hinterlands may also have overlapped. The religious gatherings were often related to the solstices in the natural calendar or church holidays replacing them. Existing data give evidence of the intertwining of pre-Christian and Christian elements, especially in the Orthodox areas. In some cases the assembly tradition at sacred natural site has been transformed into local church holidays on the name days of the sanctuary. The strong and long-term preservation of tradition in some holy places of Setomaa results from their association with Christianity and pilgrimages inherent in popular Orthodoxy.

The expansion of metropolitan areas, especially in Brazil, has required reflections about the conditions of habitability and life in cities, especially in peripheral areas, marked by deep inequalities in the inaccessibility of services, which reveal the contradictions of the general conditions of production in these areas. A great example is accessibility to the services of technical water and sewage infrastructure networks, seen as primary elements and essential to human dignity. The inequalities in this access are marked territorially and end up revealing internal differentiations that soften the problems of peripheral areas. Therefore, this article aims to discuss this inequality, taking as an example the case of 5 peripheral municipalities of Rio de Janeiro, which are part of the region popularly known as Baixada Fluminense, marked by the paradox of insertion in one of the largest watersheds of urban supply in the world and the condition of vulnerability in access to sanitation.

This research analyzed the city’s production and its relationship with the conditions and routes of mobility. This article also presents a complementary and comparative approach that describes the characteristics of the urban environment of three peripheral districts of Metropolitan Lima: Pachacútec (Callao), Independencia, and Villa María del Triunfo. The geographical, infrastructure and security characteristics of these districts shape the mobility practices and strategies that their inhabitants employ to carry out daily activities. The comparison allows us to identify both the specificities of the mobility conditions of each district, as well as the main mobility barriers that are expressions of the great social inequalities in the city.

Abstract Alto da Barra and Portela are two modern estates designed by the same architect and located on two sides of the periphery of Lisbon: the west side, Costa do Sol, where the river meets the Atlantic and the east, with no label, which is upstream. The estates were planned and built in the same period (1960s to 1970s), the height of Lisbon’s urban development. This article presents a comparative analysis of these estates: their plans, implementation, social appropriation and resilience, by exploring the sociological profile and place-attachment perceptions of their inhabitants. The analysis also contextualises the development of the estates within the consolidation of these two quite different Lisbon peripheries: the west side traditionally highly valued in relation to the east. An intensive methodology was developed—case studies of the two estates—combining quantitative (survey, inter-census analysis) and qualitative (interviews and documentary analysis) methods. In addition to the differences between the two estates, which were largely due to their specificities in terms of geographic location and status, both reveal significant feelings of place-attachment and a rejection of the suburbia label.

In this paper, based on the fieldwork done in Maceió (al) and São Luís (ma), we reflect upon what became known as the "expansion of national factions." We argue the emic notions of "family" and "faction" present in the constitutions and resolutions of conflicts experienced by our interlocutors in their territories are indispensable for comprehending of the protection, drug and gun markets in both cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The electoral volatility that has characterized the last electoral processes of the country has intensified with the ballots phenomenon. The instability in party support has been clearly concentrated in rural areas of the country. Objective: This article aims to present some findings regarding the reasons that explain the electoral volatility in the rural areas of the country based on the case study of the Cariari district, Pococí canton in the Limón province in the presidential elections of 2014 and 2018. Method: The paper presents territory as a geographical, political and explanatory concept that allows the understanding of the conditions that derived the electoral results of 2014 and 2018 elections in Cariari district. A mixed methodology has been used which complemented the quantitative and qualitative approaches. Results: The results show that the electoral volatility phenomenon in Costa Rica does not follow a random pattern instead, it has been located in rural areas. The study case allowed to observe how dissatisfaction and apathy with politics are both, the basis of support for parties with different ideological positions from 2014 to 2018. Conclusion: The perception of the abandonment of rural areas and the wish for political change is identified as the basis for the instability of party support. Also, a scenario is identified that facilitated the capitalization of support from the Partido Restauración Nacional due to a complex territorial dynamic in which religious groups play a main role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuestiones Teológicas is the property of Cuestiones Teologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colloquia Humanistica is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colloquia Humanistica is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colloquia Humanistica is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the results of a quantitative study of adjuncts in the Airbus corpus carried out within the theoretical framework of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG). We describe the positional behaviour of these peripheral constituents in the Layered Structure of the Clause and postulate scales of positional and peripheral preferences, based on frequency distribution, in the Airbus controlled natural language (CNL). The results obtained were compared with a previous study on adjunct preferences and positions in Natural English to check for changes in these scales due to the nature of the texts written in this CNL. We also aim to contribute to the development of the RRG analysis of adverbials by offering a detailed semantic typology and a description of the syntax of these peripheral constituents grounded in empirical and quantitatively based data that will serve as a basis for the parsing of adverbials in the computational processing of CNLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DEMETER, Gábor – HORBULÁK, Zsolt. Regional socio-economic inequalities before and after the collapse of the Hungarian Kingdom – modernization, “Magyarization” and economic exploitation from a different perspective. Hitorický časopis, 2021, 69, 5, pp. 889–919. This article summarizes the results of 5 years of research on the historical peripheries of Hungary between 1910 and 2010. The identification of peripheral zones in Hungary in 1910 – which geographers failed to investigate thoroughly – contributes to the assessment of mistargeted regional development planning policies in the last hundred years. It also triggered debates, because many of the backward areas coincided with regions dominated by ethnic minorities, thus strengthening the opinion of the historians of the successor states that Austria-Hungary had oppressed its national minorities. The first part of the article summarizes the former interpretations of Trianon, misunderstandings emerging from debates between the different national historiographies. The second part deals with the internal debate in Hungary regarding the interpretation of Trianon and its consequences making use of the mapping of inequalities and the implementation of geographical methods in historical research. The third part of the article goes further and, by identifying the changes in regional differences in 1930 and in 2010, evaluates the development policies of the successor states. As the successor states were driven by the same convictions and pursued similar policies toward zones inhabited by minorities as Hungary did, the differences did not disappear. The recent situation shows that there were remarkable shifts in the extension of backward zones and the question naturally arises when this process began. Using the census data of the 1930s we analyse whether some of these changes observable in 2010 can be traced back to WWII, and if yes, whether these were the direct consequences of the new borders drawn in 1920 or, on the contrary, went back to earlier processes under Hungarian rule.

Based on Said’s understanding of literature’s worldliness, Hayot’s concept of literary worlds, and Cheah’s interpretation of worlding, the article – itself an example of “traveling theory” (Said) – proposes to treat world literature in a “secular” perspective, i.e., as an asymmetrical world-system that conditions a transcultural and translinguistic semiosis of literary worlds. The literary world-system, which arises from and is dependent on and responsive to the modern world-system of capitalism (see Warwick Research Collective) channels interliterary exchange in a way that is homologous to the economic inequality between the centers, which are capable of accumulating surplus value, and the peripheries, which enable the global dominance of the centers by providing the market, labor, and resources for the goods produced or distributed by the centers.

The forgotten Italian territories have almost always been understood as compact physical and conceptual spaces. While changing its terms, borders, and issues from time to time, the forgotten regions have been described through a homogeneous image: Mezzogiorno, peripheries and Inner Areas. Such a representation has effects both in conceptualization and efforts taken to recompose the gaps between the forgotten territories and the most active parts. Yet, in recent years, the numerous crises of the 21st century have shattered this compact representation and brought out new geography of forgotten Italy, the Italia di mezzo. The new geography is no longer linked only to the North-South dichotomy and does not concern only the metropolitan suburbs or inland areas. The new geography highlights how to be forgotten now is also a piece on the margins of public policies, underestimated by scientific research but at the center of the twentieth-century urbanization process and the recent crisis.