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The role of social workers in a community cannot be overemphasised by any mean, for the life span of any community depends on the quality of the social workers. The aim of this work is to affirm the roles of social workers in helping the community welfare. Qualitative research design was adopted for the work. Data collected with the Interview Schedule for Officials of the Federal Road Safety Corps and Interview Guide for selected group of people. This was administered to 30 respondents, which comprises both male and female in the Ungogo community. The purpose of the study was to examine the roles of social workers, in line with improved standards of living, sustained economic development and expansion of trade and economic relations in the community; enhanced levels of international competitiveness in the areas of community welfare, organization for increased productivity of people in the community. It common knowledge every individual strife to be the best when receive the necessary or adequate encouragement. To these extents, such a person bears some responsibilities even if passively so as a member. The implication of this work is to contribute to social change by informing social worker on their challenges and responsibilities ahead of them in the community.

The Individual Education Plan (IEP) is a written document designed specifically for special educational needs (SEN) children to ensure that these children receive the level of education they need can be achieved. However, research related to IEP in SEN preschools is very limited. This study aims to explore the implementation of IEPs in special education preschools. This study used a qualitative method with a case study design. The study participants were five special education preschool teachers in the state of Selangor and the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. Semi-structured interviews were used as the primary data collection method and supported by document analysis. The thematic analysis method was used with the help of NVivo software version 12. The results of the study found that the five special education preschool teachers had relatively limited knowledge about IEP. They also agreed that in-service training is necessary to improve their knowledge in the implementation of IEP in special education preschools. The main challenges in the implementation of the IEP are varying IEP formats and the various types of disabilities among the SEN children. Therefore, the teachers should be given continuous guidance and support in implementation the IEP in order to ensure the growth of the behaviour problems and further increase the potential of SEN preschoolers especially in the area of self-management and academics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Age-Graded Theory suggests that the causes of premature delinquency and adult deviant behaviour are not the exclusive outcomes of individual characteristics since a particular incident in life can affect individuals, perpetuating their persistency in committing offences. This paper demonstrates that constructive events in life can successfully prevent former prisoners from being reinvolved in crime, whilst adverse life happenings can derail former prisoners from staying on the right path--a phenomenon known as recidivism. Adopting the phenomenology research paradigm, the findings of this paper are based on the empirical data from a Malaysian case study involving 19 former prisoners with criminal records of various offences. The findings of this study reveal that Age-Graded life-course events are essential predictors of former prisoner criminal behaviour, rendering the theory valuable, especially when it comes to modelling social reintegration strategies and interventions for former prisoners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subsisting on the streets requires homeless former prisoners to execute coping strategies, which were suggested in three major categories, namely, problemsolving-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance. A lack of understanding exists regarding the coping strategies that homeless former prisoners utilise in navigating extremely challenging life conditions on the streets. Three strategies were selected and scrutinised in the current study to explore the key coping mechanism frequently employed by homeless former prisoners in tackling subsistence problems or challenges on the streets. A qualitative approach was administered by interviewing 30 homeless former prisoners to identify personal preferences for coping strategies. The findings revealed that the coping mechanisms were regularly employed simultaneously depending on the circumstances. Particularly, a higher tendency was demonstrated in applying avoidance coping operations, including drug abuse, solitude, pleasure-seeking activities, and worship, amongst homeless former prisoners. Nevertheless, homeless former prisoners also applied problem-solvingfocused coping strategies by searching for potential methods of higher income generation to improve their survival prospects. Summarily, formerly incarcerated individuals implemented coping strategies either collectively or interchangeably, subject to their current situations with varying suitabilities when subsisting on the streets. The implementation of these enhancements, along with greater integration of collective coping, will contribute to the advancement of significant intervention research. Research into coping strategies among homeless former prisoners can shed light on how these individuals adapt to life outside the prison system, how they develop survival skills, and how these skills may influence their behaviour and attitudes after release. Studying coping mechanisms post-release can offer insights into the challenges these individuals face when transitioning back into society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Islamic Thought is the property of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Theology & Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Aggressive behaviour in romantic relationship is a social problem of great concern. Studies related to the influence of psychosocial factors on relational aggression are still limited. Furthermore, these factors have not been widely studied in the local context, resulting in the issue of relational aggression among young female adults still not being addressed. This study aims to explore whether psychosocial factors such as big five personality traits, adult attachment style and loneliness could predict relational aggression in romantic relationships among young female adults in Malaysia. In addition, this study aims to identify the moderating effect of social support in the relationship between psychosocial factors and relational aggression in romantic relationship. Methods: A quantitative research approach was used with 424 young female adults in Malaysia aged between 18 and 30 years old (mean age = 24.18) were recruited through multistage sampling design by completing a questionnaire consisting of the Big Five Inventory (BFI), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale II (ECRS-II), Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, Measure of Relational Aggression and Victimization (MRAV) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: Multiple regression analysis predicted significant relationship between agreeableness personality, loneliness, avoidant attachment style and anxious attachment style with relational aggression in romantic relationships. Hierarchical regression analysis found a significant effect of social support as a moderator between loneliness with relational aggression in romantic relationships. Conclusions: Thus, the results show that young female adults with low level of agreeableness, high level of loneliness, avoidant attachment style and anxious attachment style are at a higher risk of engaging in relational aggression in romantic relationships. The implication of this study can help in understanding the psychosocial factors that form the basis of relational aggression in romantic relationships. Hence, the gap in knowledge warrants further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Akademika is the property of Akademika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademika is the property of Akademika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Imprisonment impacts the life events and turning points of former prisoners upon release. The challenges faced during societal re-integration are contributing factors that shape the life events of former prisoners upon release and subsequently determine their turning point. This study aims to prove that positive life events will cause former prisoners to shape positive turning points after release. Criminal justice studies have since strived to understand the factors that cause former prisoners to repeat their crimes after being released from prison. However, in Malaysia, not many works have explored the factors that cause former prisoners to cease committing a crime. Besides, the successful re-integration of these prisoners is still understudied. The researchers conducted a qualitative study in Kuala Lumpur with 19 former prisoners. The results revealed that 16 informants had repeatedly committed crimes, while only three managed to desist. This study will describe the views and experiences of the three former prisoners (desisters) on how they desist from crime during re-integration. Only three desisters were considered and did not include 16 other recidivist informants since the objective of this study was to identify the success factors for re-integration and to understand the protective factors of former prisoners during re-integration into society. The crucial findings were also discussed, including family acceptance, the presence of a supportive spouse, employment, avoiding negative peers, no drug addiction and being healthy. These factors managed to prevent the former prisoners from committing crimes again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of e-BANGI Journal is the property of e-BANGI Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The involvement in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) among teenagers is increasing at an alarming rate. This self-harm propensity is seen as harmful to them both physically and mentally. In addition to social and environmental factors, inner factors of an individual such as psychological distress are also seen as contributing predictors of NSSI. This study was conducted to present the prevalence of NSSI tendencies among secondary school students in Selangor and to identify the differences in psychological distress levels between students who have and have not involved in NSSI. This study employed a quantitative survey method. A questionnaire that consists of items related to NSSI and also a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) instruments were used for data collection. 1021 secondary school students had been recruited via a random sampling method. In general, the prevalence of NSSI among secondary school students in Selangor is 15.1% where the prevalence among male students is 14.2% and female students is 16.1%. The findings of this study which had been analysed using an Independent Sample T Test shows that there is a significance difference in the level of psychological distress (t(1019)=8.28, p<.001) between students who have involved and have never involved in NSSI. An in-depth understanding regarding psychological factors as the basis of NSSI would alert many institutions including counselling and mental illness associations in identifying the suitable proactive prevention methods that can be used in order to curb NSSI among teenagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will briefly discussed on the history of ISIS establishment, their ideology and the concept of Islamic radicalization that have been disseminate through social media with the purpose of recruiting fighters, promoting jihad ideology and intimidating their enemies. This will further emphasize on the current phenomena of ISIS social media engagement as a global problem to terrorism. With the subsequent growth of social media platforms for communications, militant groups like ISIS have incorporated their ideology through social media and further employ recruitment strategy through the use of social media networks. Under the command of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, ISIS has established an Islamic caliphate, an advanced common jihadist ideas in a short amount of time which is an achievement that no other insurgency has been able to accomplish. The ISIS powered their projects by combining innovative technological strategies and advancing with strong force, financial resources and also intimidation as their main ideology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homeless former prisoners are often concentrated around Jalan Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur. This study is based on the Theory of Symbolic Interaction. Their endings as homeless people were found to be repeated each time they were released from prison. The selection of Jalan Chow Kit as the destination of choice on various factors leads to the question of the meaning in life and the meaning of Jalan Chow Kit embedded in them. The feeling of closeness to an area is actually able to build a meaning of life of their own as long as they are homeless and the meaning of the area on themselves. A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing 15 homeless former prisoners who have the inclusive criteria of not having a permanent residence, have a prison record and are Malaysian citizens. The findings show that there is a certain meaning about the life of the Chow Kit area to the respondents in line with the argument of the Symbolic Interactionism Theory. In terms of the theme of meaning in life, the code found is to want to continue living life normally, be grateful for what you have and strive to improve life. While for the meaning of Jalan Chow Kit, the three codes found are that Jalan Chow Kit is considered a 'home' and a place to live, they see Jalan Chow Kit as a place full of access to help (or opportunity) and the existence of friends. The input of this study can be used as a guide to better understand this group, help meet their basic needs and subsequently reintegrate them into society. A good understanding of this group may also produce intervention programs to eradicate homelessness more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the children's issues of concern to the World Health Organization (WHO) is the epidemic of overweight and obesity. Statistics show this problem is increasing year by year. However, the issue is poorly received and is rarely discussed in the media. There are not many local literature materials that raised this issue to be featured in the scientific discourse. In this regard, this article discusses the problem of overweight and childhood obesity including the risk factors and their implications to the physical health and mental well-being of children. The writing of this article is based on written materials or secondary data obtained from books, journals, and materials on related websites (such as WHO). Based on the literature, the main risk factors of overweight and obesity in children are genetic factors, family socio-economic status, psychological, dietary practices as well as physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. It is hoped that this article will contribute significantly to related discipline such as public health, social work, psychology, education, and counselling. All stakeholders should play proactive roles in preventing this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile phones are an essential mobile communication technology device for each individual in the world nowaday. It is used as a tool to perform various daily affairs and services as well as to access various information. This study focuses on the accessibility and benefits of mobile phones among homeless people throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Foreign countries have extensively reported the benefits of mobile phones to homeless people in accessing social services and support. These needs became more significant during the COVID-19 pandemic where homeless people used mobile phones to obtain information related to their basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter and so on. The study used a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 200 homeless people in Kuala Lumpur. The results showed that respondents accessed to mobile phones for various daily affairs and mobile phones provided various benefits to them throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. The study implies that accessibility to mobile phones is a necessity for homeless people in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic and those who do not have access are feared to be left-behind in terms of information and services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, many teenagers are involved in criminal cases as offenders. Voluminous studies have indicated teenagers participate in crimes due to many factors at different domains such as individual (psychological) and social as well as influences from environment and community levels. Although a number of studies have devoted to understanding the role of psychological factors; however not many studies have focussed on the roles of attachment to neighbourhood and community in the context of delinquency and their associations with psychological factors. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to identify the effects of attachment to the community as a moderating factor between dysregulation of emotion and delinquent behaviour. This study is conducted in a secondary school in Perak. This study uses a questionnaire comprising three instruments: Sense of Community Index-2, Self-reporting Delinquent Behaviour and Difficulties in Emotional Regulation. This study recruited 144 Malaysian teenagers between the age of 13 and 16 years old as research respondents. The findings of this study show that attachment to community does not have any correlation with dysregulation of emotion (r = 0.069, p = 0.409) and delinquent behaviour(r = -0.068, p = 0.417). However, dysregulation of emotion shows a significant positive relationship with delinquent behaviour(r = 0.200, p = 0.019). Nevertheless, attachment to community fails to be a moderator between dysregulation of emotion and delinquent behaviour (F (7, 136) = 1.48, p= .179). It is highly anticipated that this study would provide an in-depth understanding regarding delinquency especially from the contexts of attachment to community and dysregulation of emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ranau Earthquake that struck on 5 June 2015, February 2018, and April 2021, were a new disaster in Sabah and caused many Sabahan to panic. The unpredicted disaster also caused a serious impact on all aspects of life in Sabah. The earthquake has caused severe damage to eight primary schools in the vicinity of the epicenter, although no casualties were reported. However, the disaster has deep passing psychological effects among students. In this study, we examine how the primary school teachers enabled the student to be resilient during and after the disaster. Based on the interviews with 16 primary school students, it was revealed that most of the teachers used WhatsApp to support resilience during and after the earthquake. Interviews with 16 primary school teachers revealed there were two main reasons for them to communicate with students, namely, delivering emotional aid and monitoring their stress. Based on student interviews, five content categories of emotional support were identified: caring, reassuring, emotion sharing, belonging, and distracting. The main contribution of this study is that social media can be used as a spontaneous and proactive tool for supporting the student's resilience during and after the earthquake trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]