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Introducción: Los pacientes crónicos complejos pediátricos suelen ser pacientes polimedicados, siendo más susceptibles a padecer errores de medicación (EM). Por lo que, se pone en manifiesto la necesidad de llevar a cabo una conciliación de la medicación durante el ingreso. Objetivos: pilotar una experiencia en conciliación de medicación (CM) al ingreso hospitalario en pacientes crónicos complejos pediátricos y/o polimedicados e identificar y cuantificar las discrepancias entre el tratamiento prescrito al ingreso hospitalario y el tratamiento domiciliario. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de intervención. Se realizó una CM al ingreso (24-48 horas desde el mismo) de aquellos pacientes crónicos complejos pediátricos y/o polimedicados, durante 4 semanas. Resultados: Del total de pacientes (n=18), 12 (66,6 %) presentaban al menos una discrepancia, y de ellos, 9 (75 %) discrepancias no justificadas, 2 (16,6%) discrepancias justificadas y 1 (8,3 %) presentó tanto discrepancia justificada como no justificada. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio pone de manifiesto la existencia de EM derivados de la falta de conciliación. Una CM al ingreso hospitalario disminuye la probabilidad de EM y, llevada a cabo por un farmacéutico, mostró ser útil en la identificación y prevención de estos errores.

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Psicoterapia y Psicosomática is the property of Instituto de Estudios Psicosomaticos & Psicoterapia Medica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology, clinical profile, treatments, and to determine cardiovascular and renal outcomes after two years of follow-up in a contemporary chronic kidneay disease (CKD) population in Spain. This was also analyzed among the DAPA-CKD-like population (patients who met most inclusion criteria of DAPA-CKD trial). Methods: Observational, retrospective, population-based study using BIG-PAC database. The CKD population was defined as patients ≥18 years, with at least one diagnostic code of CKD prior to the index date (January 1st, 2018). CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30 mg/g. Results: We identified 56,435 CKD patients after exclusions (76.4 years, 52.2% men, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio 390.8 mg/g, eGFR 49.7 mL/min/1.73 m2). CKD prevalence was 4.91% and incidence 2.10 per 1000 patient-years. Regarding treatments, 69.2% were taking renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (only 4.2% at maximal doses) and 3.5% of diabetic patients SGLT-2 inhibitors. During the two years of follow-up, rates of heart failure, all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and CKD were 17.9, 12.1, 7.2, 6.3, and 5.9 events per 100 patient-years, respectively. During this period, 44% of patients were hospitalized, and 6.8% died during hospitalization. Cardiovascular outcomes were more common in the DAPA-CKD-like population. Conclusions: In Spain, CKD population is older and comorbidities, including diabetes and heart failure, are common. Cardiovascular and renal outcomes are frequent. There is room for improvement in CKD management, particularly through the use of drugs with proven cardiovascular and renal benefit. Resumen: Objetivos: Describir la epidemiología, el perfil clínico, los tratamientos y los eventos cardiovasculares y renales, tras 2 años de seguimiento en una población contemporánea con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en España. También se analizó en la población tipo DAPA-CKD (pacientes que cumplían la mayoría de criterios del estudio DAPA-CKD). Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, poblacional, empleando la base de datos BIG-PAC. La población con ERC se definió como pacientes ≥ 18 años, con al menos un código diagnóstico de ERC antes de la fecha índice (01/01/2018). La ERC se definió como filtrado glomerular estimado (FGe) 30 mg/g. Resultados: Se identificaron 56.435 pacientes con ERC, tras exclusiones (76,4 años, 52,2% varones, cociente albúmina-creatinina 390,8 mg/g, FGe 49,7 ml/min/1,73 m2). La prevalencia fue del 4,91% y la incidencia 2,10/1.000 pacientes/año. El 69,2% tomaba inhibidores del sistema renina-angiotensina (solo el 4,2% a dosis máximas) y el 3,5% de los diabéticos inhibidores SGLT-2. Tras 2 años, las tasas de insuficiencia cardiaca, muerte, infarto de miocardio, ictus y ERC fueron 17,9; 12,1; 7,2; 6,3; 5,9 eventos/100 pacientes/año, respectivamente. Además, el 44% hospitalizaron y el 6,8% murieron durante la hospitalización. Los eventos cardiovasculares fueron más frecuentes en la población tipo DAPA-CKD. Conclusiones: En España, la población con ERC es mayor, y las comorbilidades, incluyendo diabetes e insuficiencia cardiaca, comunes. Los eventos cardiovasculares y renales son frecuentes. Hay margen de mejora en el manejo de la ERC, especialmente a través del empleo de fármacos con beneficio cardiovascular y renal.

La irrigación es esencial para optimizar la desinfección del sistema de conducto radicular, por lo tanto, deben ser consideradas diferentes alternativas que permitan que las soluciones irrigadoras entren en contacto directo con todas las paredes del conducto radicular, más aún, conociendo que siempre existirán algunas áreas que no son tocadas durante la preparación mecánica. El propósito de esta revisión bibliográfica es resaltar la ventaja de la activación ultrasónica para potenciar la limpieza y desinfección del sistema de conductos radiculares durante la fase de la preparación bio químico mecánica del tratamiento endodóntico. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica a través de PUBMED, Scielo, Google Académico y Trip Data-Base, con las palabras “Ultrasonic irrigation, ultrasound tips, medication, endodontics” entre los años 2012-2020 en español e inglés. Se concluye que el empleo de técnicas y equipos ultrasónico al momento de la irrigación del sistema de conductos radiculares durante el tratamiento endodóntico permite lograr una mejor desinfección aumentando la previsibilidad del éxito del tratamiento. Adicionalmente, la activación ultrasónica resulta en uno de los métodos más efectivos para la remoción del Ca(OH)2, uno de los medicamentos intraconducto más utilizado durante la terapia endodóntica.

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presentado en sesión de setiembre 1945

Presentado en sesión de 11 de noviembre de 1942

Presentado en sesión de 1o. de julio de 1942

Introduction: the administration of intravenous drugs is a common practice in the hospital environment that must be carried out following standardized protocols to avoid errors that may harm the patient. Objective: to examine in scientific litrrature the effectiveness of nursing interventions based on the safe drug administration process protocol. Methodology: a systematic review of 22 articles of scientific quality was carried out, through the platforms of PubMed, Scielo, Redalyc, Scopus, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Web of Science, Proquest, eBook Central, Fielweb, and EBSCO, using the keywords: "protocol", "administration", "medication", "intravenous" in Spanish and English, for the last 10 years; it was found in Spanish, English, French, and Portuguese. Results: the most used strategies for correct administration are aimed at avoiding harm to the patient, continuous training activities for nursing personnel reduce the probability of errors. New strategies such as the use of smart pumps, closed-loop management, and ready-to-apply devices are mentioned. Conclusions: in places that count and apply the protocols for the administration of drugs, errors are minor. There is not a protocol that can be used in all areas, but the strategy of the right 10 is mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and aims: Recent diabetes and cardiology guidelines recommend blood glucose (BG)-lowering medications with proven cardiovascular (CV) benefit in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established CV disease (CVD) or at high/very high CV risk. CAPTURE was a cross-sectional, observational study of CVD prevalence in adults with T2D across 13 countries in 2019. This pre-specified secondary analysis assessed the proportion of adults with T2D and CVD using a BG-lowering medication with an approved CV indication in Argentinian population. Materials and methods: Detailed demographic and clinical data were collected for adults with T2D at a single, routine health visit to primary or specialist care (Dec 2018 – Sept 2019). In this analysis, participants were grouped by CVD status (no CVD, any CVD, atherosclerotic CVD [ASCVD]). BG-lowering medication use was summarised descriptively by approved CV indication status per the current (2020) FDA label and in line with ADA/EASD guidelines, as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA: dulaglutide, liraglutide, semaglutide) or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i: canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin).

Presentado en la sesión de 20 de agosto de 1930.

On 6 December 2019 we start the 10th year of the European Journal of Psychotraumatogy (EJPT), a full Open Access journal on psychotrauma. This editorial is part of a of the journal where we will acknowledge some of our most impactful articles of the past decade (also discussed below and marked with * in the reference list). In this editorial the editors present a decennial review of the field addressing a range of topics that are core to both the journal and to psychotraumatology as a discipline. These include neurobiological developments (genomics, neuroimaging and neuroendocrine research), forms of trauma exposure and impact across the lifespan, mass trauma and early interventions, work-related trauma, trauma in refugee populations, and the potential consequences of trauma such as PTSD or Complex PTSD, but also resilience. We address innovations in psychological, medication (enhanced) and technology-assisted treatments, mediators and moderators like social support and finally how new research methods help us to gain insights in symptom structures or to better predict symptom development or treatment success. We aimed to answer three questions 1. Where did we stand in 2010? 2. What did we learn in the past 10 years? 3. What are our knowledge gaps? We conclude with a number of recommendations concerning top priorities for the future direction of the field of psychotraumatology and correspondingly the journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Agora de Enfermeria is the property of Agora de Enfermeria SRL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O uso crescente de psicofármacos e o baixo empowerment dos usuários mostram-se críticos à qualificação da assistência em Saúde Mental no Brasil. Este estudo, abrangendo três cidades brasileiras, objetivou a elaboração do Guia Brasileiro da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GGAM-BR), com base na tradução e adaptação de guia desenvolvido no Canadá; e a avaliação dos efeitos do uso do GGAM-BR na formação de trabalhadores de saúde mental. Constituíram-se grupos de intervenção (GIs) para compartilhamento das experiências com tratamento medicamentoso, a partir dos temas propostos no guia; e foram realizados grupos focais antes e após os GIs. Importantes mudanças em relação ao texto original do guia Canadense foram implementadas, levando em conta a realidade brasileira. Constatou-se que o GGAM-BR constitui estratégia potente de fomento à participação ativa dos usuários na gestão do tratamento e do serviço, incidindo positivamente na formação de trabalhadores.

Analisa-se o termo medicalização nos estudos de Illich e Foucault, com vistas a oferecer ferramentas conceituais para o estudo dos movimentos contestatórios à medicalização. Illich aborda a hipertrofia da medicalização na modernidade, ressaltando o efeito de redução da autonomia dos sujeitos, sobretudo pelo fato de as instituições médicas assumirem a responsabilidade de cuidar da dor, transformando seu significado íntimo e pessoal em um problema técnico. Foucault aborda a medicalização a partir da noção de biopoder, e, quando trabalha a noção de governamentalidade, abre espaço para a análise das formas de resistência dos indivíduos ao exercício do poder. Ambos os trabalhos, que têm como preocupação propor formas de exercício da liberdade - apesar de Foucault o fazer de forma mais detalhada e diversificada - parecem apropriados para se pensar o processo atual de desmedicalização ou recusa do diagnóstico médico por parte de seus portadores ou familiares.

Las personas vinculadas con la atención del "niño hiperactivo" (padres, educadores, clínicos y sistemas de salud), se plantean diferentes orientaciones en relación al Trastorno por Déficit de Atención (TDAH). Convirtiéndose en temas controversiales la existencia o no del trastorno: ¿El TDAH es un trastorno mental o un constructo social?, pero ante la realidad que de una u otra forma existe, ¿Cuál debería ser el tipo de atención del niño en el sistema educativo?: ¿Adaptar el niño con TDAH a la escuela, o el sistema escolar a los niños con dificultades? Y, para finalizar, se discute el punto de mayor debate: ¿Medicación, Usar o no Usar?… he aquí la cuestión.

A depressão tem sido tema frequente na área da saúde nas últimas décadas. Objetivando analisar o que se tem discutido sobre o assunto na mídia, realizamos uma pesquisa descritiva, analisando matérias jornalísticas divulgadas no jornal A Folha de São Paulo e na revista Veja, em suas publicações on line de 1999 a 2008. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise de conteúdo. Observamos uma expansão de situações de risco, com divulgação de associações estatísticas e crescente identificação de doenças como causas de depressão. A exposição na mídia dos casos de pessoas deprimidas intermedeia um processo de identificação e aceitação do diagnóstico por meio do que Hacking denominou efeito de arco. O tratamento apresentado com maior frequência prioriza o modelo biológico, privilegiando o uso de medicamentos. Condições ou transtornos intermediários que poderiam elevar o risco de depressão de acordo com as matérias jornalísticas, acabam contribuindo para o movimento de medicalização da vida.

El presente artículo revisa la literatura científica referida a la combinación entre tratamientos farmacológicos y psicosociales en los trastornos depresivos. Se reseñan aquellos artículos que han realizado la evaluación empírica de la combinación de tratamientos con el mayor rigor metodológico a través de las bases de datos de PubMed y PsycINFO. Asimismo, se comentan y discuten las guías clínicas más difundidas en el campo de la salud mental. Como conclusión, puede decirse que los trastornos depresivos constituyen el grupo de trastornos donde se lograron los mayores avances: la combinación simultánea de medicación y psicoterapia es especialmente importante en los pacientes con depresión crónica mientras que la combinación alternada debe considerarse en los pacientes con depresión recurrente (especialmente en aquellos casos con 3 o más episodios depresivos).This article reviews the scientific literature concerning to the combination of pharmacological and psychological treatments. We include studies that evaluate the combined treatment in PubMed and PsycINFO databases and show the best methodological rigor. Also, we comment the clinical guidelines with major diffusion in the mental health field. The most important developments was made in depressive disorders, where the simultaneous combination is specific for chronic depression and cross-over combination in recurrent depression (more specifically in those cases with 3 or more depressive episodes).

Este artículo explora procesos de medicación incluso medicamentosa en la infancia, utilizando como analizador el Trastorno del Déficit de Atención con o sin Hiper- actividad (TDA/H). Se presentan los resultados de un estudio cualitativo realizado por un equipo interdisciplinario durante 2008 en cuatro jurisdicciones argentinas: Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires , Corrientes, Salta y Tierra del Fueg. Se exploran los discursos del discursos campo médico - pediatras, psiquiatras infanto- juveniles y neurólogos infantiles - en torno de la construcción diagnóstica del TDH/A y su planteamiento terapéutica en los sistemas públicos y en el privado. De modo complementario se indaga acerca de los mecanismos de marketing de la industria farmacéutica. A través de la construcción de diagnóstico TDA/H es posible observar como determinadas conductas y/o situaciones que antes no eran medicadas hoy forman parte del tratamiento médico, cuyo principal énfasis se encuentra en la prescripción de fármacos como terapéutica.

Este artigo aborda os desafios de uma estratégia brasileira no sistema de saúde para melhorar a qualidade da sua resposta assistencial e gerencial, a Política Nacional de Humanização. Independentemente de análise política, conceitual ou de resultados, discute a humanização do corpo na saúde por meio do confronto com suas reificações na clínica, tal como presentes na soberania dos sistemas profissionais sobre as práticas, na disciplinarização que legitima as condutas do tipo diagnóstico-prescrição ou na disseminação de mecanismos que, em nome da longevidade dos indivíduos, estancam a produção de singularidade da vida. As noções de "corpo de órgãos", "corpo ex-órgãos" e "corpo sem órgãos" foram usadas para problematizar a clínica (atenção) e a noção de laços e perspectivas, para discutir a transformação de realidades (gestão). A educação e a participação são tematizadas como indissociáveis da atenção e gestão.

Introduction Non-adherence to antipsychotic medication remains a complex problem in the treatment of schizophrenia patients, especially in indigenous population. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the differences in drug adherence, measured by the attitude towards the antipsychotics among Aymara and Non-Aymara patients with schizophrenia. Method The sample consisted of patients receiving treatment in the Mental Health Public Services in Bolivia (32.8%), Peru (33.6%) and Chile (33.6%). We used the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10); the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS), as a measure of side effects, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to assess the severity of the disorder. Results The findings showed that Aymara patients present less adherence than Non-Aymara people; however, these differences were not significant (t = 1.29; p = 0.19). The severity of the disorder, as well as the age, showed a significant association with adherence, revealing that younger patients and with greater symptoms presented a more negative attitude toward the drugs. Discussion and conclusion The lack of significant differences between the groups responds to three possible reasons: 1. This sample of indigenous patients is integrated on Mental Health Services that offer a clear biomedical approach where drug therapy is the primary treatment. 2. It is possible that these indigenous patients are changing their conception of mental disorder, and 3. A significant number of families have migrated to urban areas. These migratory dynamics have promoted the loss of traditions and customs of the ethnic group, which gradually adopts new and intercultural lifestyles. Professionals should be warned about applying stereotypes regarding the relationship between ethnicity and antipsychotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: The medication error is more common in childhood; the recommended dose considered a margin of safety and efficacy, basic knowledge of pharmacological concepts and competences and attitudes for ministration are responsibility of professional nursing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantitative, correlational, observational, cross-sectional study conducted in nurses of different categories of a 3rd level hospital of Mexico City, responsible for the management of high-risk medications in hospitalized children. The probabilistic sample consisted of 89 nurses equivalent to 68% of the population. To collect data two instruments were used: "Quality in the administration of intravenous medications and their effect on patient safety"; (KR20 = 0.79) Cardenas and Zarate (2009); and "Knowledge and skills ministration of high-risk medications in pediatrics" (KR20 = 0.82) López y Ponce 2014. RESULTS: In relation to compliance with the dimensions obtained that 49% have very good knowledge of range; skills obtained in 100% so are in the range of excellent; skills and 74% have a minimum level of compliance. CONCLUSIONS: Professional nursing is responsible for own professional skills for the ministering of high-risk Pediatric medications, putting at risk the safety and quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O estudo identificou as situações indicativas de erro ou quase erro na medicação através da análise das prescrições de medicamentos e evoluções de enfermagem. A partir dos dados obtidos foram implementados um ciclo de palestras e um curso sobre a segurança na administração de medicamentos para profissionais do setor de emergência de um hospital do nordeste. Os resultados revelaram que das 1.585 prescrições analisadas, 83,9% não explicitava a apresentação do medicamento e 84,6% a dose do medicamento. Dos medicamentos prescritos 34,2% apresentaram horários em que não havia registro da administração de medicamentos e 22,5% tinham o horário circulado. Dentre os medicamentos não-administrados 26% eram antibióticos e anticoagulantes; 15% analgésicos. As estratégias implementadas tiveram participação dos profissionais com bons índices de freqüência.El estudio identificó las situaciones indicadoras de errores o probables errores en la medicación, a de las prescripciones de medicamentos y fichas de evolución de enfermería. Además se llevó a cabo un ciclo de conferencias y un curso sobre seguridad en la administración de medicamentos, para los profesionales del Sector de Emergencia. Los resultados revelaron que de las 1.585 prescripciones analizadas, un 83,9% no expresaban con claridad la presentación del medicamento y un 84,6% la dosis del medicamento. De los medicamentos prescritos, un 34,2% no presentaban registro de la administración de los fármacos y un 22,5% tenían el horario circulado. Dentro de los medicamentos no administrados, un 26% eran antibióticos y anticoagulantes y un 15% analgésicos. Las estrategias implementadas tuvieron la participación de los profesionales, con buenos índices de frecuencia.This study identified situations indicating medication errors or near misses by analyzing medication orders and the nursing staff's performance. It also implemented a cycle of lectures and a course on safety in medication administration for professionals at the emergency room in a hospital in the northeastern region of Brazil. The results showed that of 1,585 orders under analysis, 83,9% did not clearly express the medication presentation and 84.6% did not define the dosage from prescribed medication, in 34.2%, the administration time was unchecked; in 22.5%, the time had been circled. Among the non-administered medication, 26% were antibiotics and anticoagulants and 15% analgesics. The professionals participated in the implemented strategies with good attendance levels.

The most common reason for non-adherence to medication among older adults is forgetfulness. Contextual cues, such as daily routines, serve as implicit situational information that increases the retrieval process of the intended action. The main contribution is an overview of the process and the technical details of Ambient Computing displays we developed to help seniors use contextual cues to remember actions associated with medication intake (i.e. remember to take medications or remember having taken them earlier). Through a qualitative study, we obtained evidence about the potential of our technological approach to make seniors more responsible and independent for taking medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los incidentes o desviaciones en la administración de medicación son un problema mayor de salud pública por sus consecuencias en morbilidad y costos hospitalarios. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de serie de casos retrospectivo en un servicio de hematología en un hospital universitario de Colombia (Hospital de San José de Bogotá). Se realizó la búsqueda y recolección de datos en las historias clínicas por ciclos intrahospitalarios de quimioterapia de enero a diciembre de 2011. Se evaluaron incidentes o errores en la administración de la medicación. Resultados: se encontraron 508 incidentes: registro incorrecto de la hora (22,4 % de los ciclos), falta de sesión informativa previa (14,7 %), sin consentimiento informado (13,3%), ausencia de lista de chequeo (12,9%), firma incorrecta del protocolo médico (8,66 %), firma incorrecta del protocolo de enfermería (10,0 %), falta de correlación entre protocolo médico y de enfermería (5,31%), registro incorrecto de la medicación (4,52 %), dosis incorrecta (2,36 %), registro incorrecto de la vía (1,37%) y ausencia del reporte de efecto adverso (0,19 %). Conclusiones: la identificación de los incidentes más frecuentes permitirá establecer estrategias y recomendaciones para evitarlos y hacer una práctica más segura de administración de quimioterapia.

Nabumetona was evaluated in 41 patients with confirmed clinical and radiological diagnosis of knee (38 patients) and thigh (3) osteoarthritis. A dose of Ig/day was administered for three months. The following parameteres were established once a month: joint pain, morning stiffness, 15m walking time; edema, temperature, flexibility and perimeter in knee as well as intercondillar distance in thigh. Pain, morning stiffness, walking time, edema and temperature were significantly reduced (p

The goal of the present study is to explore the relation between parents' anxiety and cognitive representations of medication in pediatric treatment of their children, seeking possible differences as a function of gender and age. A total of 1,772 parents of children attended in primary pediatric health care centers of the public health care system of Andalusia, Spain participated in this study. Of the sample, 25.1% were men and 74.9% were women. Negative beliefs about medicines were found to be associated with higher levels of anxiety in parents during primary pediatric health care. Among the variables studied, the beliefs in medication abuse predicted higher levels of anxiety. Intervention initiatives could substantially improve patients and their relatives' well-being during pediatric consultation, adherence to treatment, and lastly general satisfaction. Findings are discussed with reference to other authors, clinical implications, and the need of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the United States more than 7,000 patients die per year due to medication errors. These data include errors caused by nursing action. Aim: To identify medication errors reported by Portuguese nurses. Methodology: A mixed-descriptive, qualitative and quantitative study. The respondents were a random sample of 511 participants from the hospitals of the central region of Portugal. The first item of the questionnaire “Inappropriate nursing decisions and actions” was analyzed in this study. Results and Discussion: Fourteen categories were identified but only the category “Safe Administration of Medication” was examined with 511 recorded items. The most reported relevant medication errors fell into the subcategories “Preparation of Medication” with 112 registered items and “Administration of Medication”, with 399. Improper dilution (n=80: 15,66%) and incorrect selection of the prescribed drug (n=30: 5,87%) represent the highest percentage of reported errors in medication preparation. Errors of medication administration were mainly related to the incorrect selection of patients (n=322: 63,01%). Conclusion: The “Safe Administration of Medication” is a relevant category that emerges from the reported errors. Further to the study, the intention is to analyze the causes, as well as the decision-making processes achieved by nurses in clinical practice, as consequence of errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The palliative sedation is part of the overall treatment of a patient suffering a terminal illness. Palliative care has the aim to increase the comfort and functionality of the patient as long as possible. The word sedation comes from the Latin word sedare that means to calm, to ease. It is defined as the deliberate administration of drugs, required to reduce the conscience of a patient with advanced or terminal disease, as much as needed to adequately relieve one or more refractory symptoms with his explicit consent; direct or delegated. Sedation classified as primary, can be continuous or intermittent, superficial or deep. The palliative sedation is intended to lessen the consciousness and induce sleep. To sedate a terminal patient is a medical procedure that includes a careful assessment of symptoms, clearly establishing the goals of sedation and the drugs that used. In the case of critically ill patients, death is not a distant possibility considering their clinical condition, the terminal patient's death is a certainty, because their illness has also led to a "critical" situation. Informed consent can be obtained from patients or their relatives which must necessarily be based on the patient's medical history. Palliative care is not only difficult to achieve, and sometimes it is not sensible and harmful to use. The acquired verbal consent should be considered sufficient. The Royal Dutch Medical Association recommends the use of different medications considering midazolam as the first step, then levomepromazine coupled with midazolam; as third step phenobarbital and propophol under the supervision of an anesthesiologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire was designed to assess the cognitive representation of medication. The BMQ consists of two sections: the BMQ- General and the BMQ-Specific. The aim of this instrumental study was to assess the factor structure and reliability of the Spanish version of the BMQ. In order to analyse the properties of the BMQ-Specific, a sample of 156 patients, 97 diabetics with insulin treatment and 59 patients with hypertensive treatment were used. The BMQ-General was studied with the chronic patients and with 256 undergraduates. As in the original version, for each section in the BMQ a bifactorial pattern was found. Its validity to discriminate between patients with different types of treatment was proved. Patients with insulin treatment had significantly higher scores on Specific-Necessity Scale than hypertensive patients. The internal consistency of the BMQ Scales was adequate in the three samples. The Spanish version of the BMQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing beliefs about medicines but additional research is needed not only with other groups of patients and types of treatment but also to study the relationships between the BMQ and the treatment adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El advenimiento en la tercera y cuarta década de, ·este siglo de los quimioterápicos y antibióticos modificó no sólo el esquema terático de la infección sino que tuvo una incidencia fundamental sobre la patología, la clínica y todo el ámbito social. De allí que se deba hablar de una era antibiótica.

Hace ya varios meses que venimos ensayando con relativo buen éxito la insulina combinada a la glucosa en el tratamiento del período final de las cardiopatías valvulares y tenemos una observación ínteresante de una arritmia completa en cuyo tratamiento coadyuvó demanera eficaz la medicación de que nos ocupamos hoy.

Con propósitos de observar, comprobar y valorar los resultados del "Promín" o “Promanida” en la lepra, lo aplicarnos en un grupo de veintisiete enfermos seleccionados con criterio clínico y de investigación terapéutica. Iniciamos el estudio en julio de 1946. Ninguno de estos casos había sido tratado antes con otros medicamentos preconizados contra la enfermedad. Como lo he dicho en varias ocasiones, solamente teniendo esta precaución y seleccionando los pacientes para la investigación, podrá juzgarse científicamente de la eficacia terapéutica que puedan tener en los distintos tipos de lepra, las drogas aconsejadas para tratar esa enfermedad. Prescindimos de aquellos cases en los cuales, por lo avanzado del mal, los organismos no estaban en condiciones de reaccionar favorablemente con ninguna medicación.

En el tratamiento de los síndromes ictéricos no existe sistematización de criterios y en más de una ocasión se cometen serios errores terapéuticos. Tal sucede frecuentemente con las hepatitis a virus, por ejemplo las que tratadas con un régimen alimenticio inadecuado, constituído casi siempre por dietas de hambre, se va a complicar más la situación. Otras veces se utilizan sistemáticamente los antibióticos de amplio espectro, los cuales son inútiles e inclusive desaconsejados por la posibilidad de producir fibrosis hepática. Hemos querido hacer un resumen analizando someramente el pro y el contra de las principales medidas terapéuticas.