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1. MACHIAVELLI BEFORE PARETO: FOXES, LIONS, AND THE SOCIAL EQUILIBRIUM AS THE RESULT OF NON-LOGICAL ACTIONS

Author

Claire Baldin, Ludovic Ragni, Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and H2P2S

Subjects
060106 history of social sciences, JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches/B.B1 - History of Economic Thought through 1925/B.B1.B15 - Historical • Institutional • Evolutionary, 0507 social and economic geography, JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches/B.B1 - History of Economic Thought through 1925/B.B1.B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Stockholm School), 050701 cultural studies, Fortuna, Politics, JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches, History and Philosophy of Science, JEL: B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches/B.B4 - Economic Methodology/B.B4.B41 - Economic Methodology, 0601 history and archaeology, Free trade, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, General Arts and Humanities, JEL: Z - Other Special Topics/Z.Z1 - Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology, 05 social sciences, Pareto principle, Institutional economics, 06 humanities and the arts, Neoclassical economics, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 16. Peace & justice, Protectionism, Ophelimity, Moment (mathematics), JEL: Z - Other Special Topics, JEL: Z - Other Special Topics/Z.Z0 - General, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Abstract

This article examines the way Vilfredo Pareto addresses the dynamics of social equilibrium and the evolution of economic institutions based on the principle of the rupture of the Machiavellian Moment. In the first part, we analyze why and how Pareto’s categories(residues, derivations, interests, \social heterogeneity, logical actions, andnon-logical1actions)borrow from those of Machiavelli(virtù, fortuna, corruptio, andordine)to define various forms of the Machiavellian Moment. In the second part, we show that this borrowing allows Pareto to explain: (i) the evolution of political equilibriums, from the distinction the author makes between “Maximum of utility FOR a community in sociology” and “Maximum of ophelimity FOR a community in political economy”; and (ii) the alternative between free trade and protectionism.

Published
2019
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2. Cultural vs. economic legacies of empires: Evidence from the partition of Poland

Author

Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, Irena Grosfeld, Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PSE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ce travail a bénéficié d'une aide de l'Etat gérée par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche au titre du programme « Investissements d'avenir » portant la référence ANR-10-LABX-93-01. This work was supported by the French National Research Agency, through the program Investissements d'Avenir, ANR-10--LABX_93-01, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Religiosity, Partitions, Corruption, media_common.quotation_subject, Democratic ideals, Empire, Empires, JEL: N - Economic History/N.N4 - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation/N.N4.N44 - Europe: 1913–, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: N - Economic History/N.N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy/N.N3.N33 - Europe: Pre-1913, Democracy, Persistence, Politics, Industrialisation, Political economy, Capital (economics), Political science, JEL: P - Economic Systems/P.P1 - Capitalist Systems/P.P1.P10 - General, Partition (politics), JEL: P - Economic Systems/P.P1 - Capitalist Systems/P.P1.P16 - Political Economy, Poland, JEL: N - Economic History/N.N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy/N.N3.N34 - Europe: 1913, JEL: Z - Other Special Topics, media_common
Abstract

International audience; Poland was divided among three empires—Russia, Austria–Hungary, and Prussia—for over a century until 1918. The partition brought about divergence in culture, institutions, and economic development. We use spatial regression discontinuity to examine, which empire effects are persistent. We find that differences in incomes, industrial production, education, corruption, and trust in government institutions disappeared with time as they were smoothed by economic forces and policy intervention. In contrast, differences in intensity of religious practices and in beliefs in democratic ideals, i.e., democratic capital, persist presumably via inter-generational within-family transmission. Differences in railroad infrastructure built by empires during industrialization persisted to this day. Cultural empire legacies have an effect on the political outcomes in contemporary Poland.

Published
2015
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3. Competitive balance versus competitive intensity before a match: is one of these two concepts more relevant in explaining attendance? The case of the French football Ligue 1 over the period 2008–2011

Author

Nicolas Scelles, Liliane Bonnal, Wladimir Andreff, Daniel Goyeau, Christophe Durand, Université de Poitiers - Faculté des Sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, Centre d'étude sport et actions motrices (CesamS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière (CRIEF), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Sciences économiques, Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne ( CES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'étude sport et activités motrices ( CesamS ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), and Centre de Recherche sur l'Intégration Economique et Financière ( CRIEF )

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, education, Competitive intensity, Football, JEL : Z - Other Special Topics, 0502 economics and business, Economics, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, Ligue 1, Sports economics, Uncertainty of outcome, 050207 economics, Marketing, Championship, 10. No inequality, outcome uncertainty, 05 social sciences, Attendance, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, French football Ligue 1, Balance (accounting), Demographic economics, JEL: Z - Other Special Topics, Competitive balance, French football, 050212 sport, leisure & tourism, Period (music), Sporting stakes
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this article is to investigate the determinants of attendance at French football Ligue 1 matches over the period 2008–2011 with an emphasis on examining the effects of both competitive balance and intensity before a match. Competitive balance is measured by the point difference between the two teams concerned by a match in the championship. Competitive intensity is measured by the point difference for the home team in relation to ranks with sporting stakes. Results show that competitive balance has an insignificant impact whereas competitive intensity has a significantly positive impact. Implications are drawn.

Published
2013
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