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Parrotfish is the species Leptoscarus vaigiensis. Leptoscarus vaigiensis is a species of fish found in Muris Besar Village's waters, and it lives in seagrass meadow areas. This study aims to find parrot fish species abundance and distribution (Leptoscarus vaigiensis) in seagrass environments. Benefits from this research are anticipated to include supporting data and information, particularly for the fisheries industry in this water area, and significant information for preserving seagrass ecosystems as a specialized habitat for parrotfish (Leptoscarus vaigiensis). The Water Visual Census (UVC) is used to assess parrot habitat in the waterways. Direct observation at the research site is used to learn about and gather data about the object under study. Counting stationary points, transects, timed swimming at stationary sites, divers remaining in one location and surveying a specified radius for a certain amount of time are the major categories into which UVC methods fall. The research locations are Waipa Beach, Ugape Cape, Augara Beach, Muris Besar Village, Demta District, Jayapura Regency, Papua. The highest abundance value is at station 1, with an abundance value of 1,300 ind/m², while the lowest is at station 2, with an abundance value of 700 ind/m². Leptoscarus vaigiensis has a species distribution with a morality index value between 0.33 and 0.50. The distribution of parrotfish (Leptoscarus vaigiensis) in seagrass ecosystems is categorized as comparable according to the criteria for distribution patterns. Keywords: Distribution Parrotfish Muris Besar Villager Abundance Seagrass beds

O piso nas áreas de caminhada e manejo é um dos componentes mais importantes no alojamento do rebanho bovino por conta de seus efeitos na saúde e no bem-estar dos animais. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar dois casos de lesão na região coxofemoral decorrente de queda em piso de cimento liso, em bovinos de confinamento na cidade de Recife. Em um intervalo de um mês, dois bovinos adultos apresentaram lesão na região coxofemoral após queda no interior da instalação. O primeiro caso ocorreu com uma vaca da raça Girolanda, de 5 anos de idade, com aproximadamente 450 kg, que escorregou no momento da contenção, com peia, para aplicação de bisnaga intramamária, caindo com a região pélvica esquerda ao solo. Na necropsia, observou-se que a cápsula articular da articulação coxofemoral esquerda apresentava áreas de rigidez (anquilose) e, após a abertura da articulação, foi constatada uma fratura complexa na fossa do acetábulo, que se estendia até o osso pubiano, fissura do ísquio e presença de osso esponjoso se estendendo do acetábulo ao ísquio. O segundo caso ocorreu em uma vaca de 6 anos de idade, com aproximadamente sete meses de gestação, que escorregou e caiu com os membros pélvicos abduzidos antes da ordenha. A necropsia evidenciou que a fossa do acetábulo esquerda estava parcialmente preenchida por coágulos hemorrágicos e que os músculos bíceps femoral e semitendinoso estavam edemaciados, achados compatíveis com luxação da articulação coxofemoral. Conclui-se que as instalações devem ser construídas com atenção especial para um piso antiderrapante, que permita o escoamento da água e dos resíduos orgânicos e seja de fácil limpeza. A combinação desses fatores reduz significativamente a ocorrência de acidentes, reduzindo os casos de fraturas e luxações em vacas leiteiras de alta produção.

This paper presents an ultra-high voltage gain power converter designed to address the challenges posed by the inherently low output voltage and high output current of fuel cell systems. The proposed converter features a two-stage integrated design, comprising a two-phase interleaved boost converter and a high-gain switched capacitor coupled inductor boost converter. The interleaved design divides the current equally between two phase legs, minimising conduction losses and enhancing efficiency. Additionally, this technique significantly reduces input current ripple, leading to lower fuel cell degradation and improved performance. The switched capacitors and coupled inductor in the high gain boost converter enhance the voltage gain while minimising voltage stress on the active switches and diodes. This approach enables the utilisation of low voltage rated switches and diodes, reducing costs and minimising conduction and switching losses. Additionally, the converter features a common input and output ground to mitigate electromagnetic interference and uses low-side switches to simplify gate circuitry and reduce costs. To validate the proposed design, a 500W prototype is developed and tested in a laboratory environment. The prototype achieves a peak efficiency of 95.52%, a peak-to-peak input current ripple of less than 1.5%, and a voltage gain of 27.8 at a 50% duty cycle.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is one of the major factors for the energy transformation to clean and renewable energy sources. In this context, hydrogen fuel cells play an important role in this transition, as they convert the energy stored in hydrogen into electrical energy, acting as a zero-emission technology. Therefore, an analysis of patents is relevant since it is a technology under development. We aim to evaluate the technological development of hydrogen fuel cells through a patent analysis from the Derwent Innovations Index to assess the technological advances between 2001 and 2020. The research strategies returned 22,165 patents and the study shows that: (ⅰ) There is a consistent number of patent applications in the period analyzed, which is a reflection of the high rates of research and development for this technology, and the number of patent applications of hydrogen fuel cells had two moments of growth—the first one was between 2001 and 2005, and the second was from 2015 to 2020; (ⅱ) Japan, China, South Korea, and the United States have the highest number of patent applications; (ⅲ) Toyota, Panasonic, Nissan, and Hyundai are the companies with the most patent applications, and the leading technology adopted is the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell; (ⅳ) the main knowledge areas of patents are engineering, electrochemistry, energy fuels, and chemistry; (ⅴ) most of the documents are subdivided by the international patent classification into patents for the improvement of technology (H01M8/04), patents for fuel cells using solid polymeric membranes (H01M8/10), and patents for reducing pollution, with a predominance of technologies aligned with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (H01M8/06); and (ⅵ) there is a prominence of deposited patents for polymer electrolyte membrane and solid oxide fuel cells.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing earless corn silage (ECS) with cactus cladodes (CC; Opuntia spp.) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) on nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, milk yield (MY), and composition of lactating dairy cows. Ten Holstein cows, weighing 571 ± 97.0 kg and producing 23.0 ± 4.4 kg of milk per day, were assigned to two contemporaneous 5 × 5 Latin squares. Treatments consisted of five levels of ECS replacement with CC plus SB (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The results showed a linear increase in dry matter (DM) intake (p < 0.05) (15.98 and 18.73 kg/day) and a quadratic increase (p < 0.05) in crude protein and energy intake (2.97 kg/day and 27.52 Mcal/day at 95.4 and 88.6% substitution, respectively). Apparent DM digestibility increased (p < 0.05), but fiber digestibility decreased linearly (p < 0.05). Treatments had a quadratic effect (p < 0.05) on MY and fat-corrected MY (24.17 kg/day and 21.9 kg/day at 63.9% and 38.6% CC plus SB, respectively). Milk fat (3.26 and 2.35%) and total solids content decreased linearly (p < 0.05), whereas the percentages of protein, lactose, and nonfat solids increased (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CC–SB diets linearly reduced the time spent on feeding and rumination and total chewing time. For Holstein cows fed common semiarid diets, milk production can be maximized by replacing 38.6% of ECS with CC plus SB.

Perilaku bullying merupakan suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang atau suatu kelompok terhadap orang lain yang dianggap lemah dalam berbagai bentuk dan merupakan permasalahan serius karena akan berdampak buruk bagi korbannya. Berbagai faktor penyebab tindakan bullying antara lain, faktor masalah dalam keluarga, faktor sekolah yang tidak memperhatikan murid dengan baik, faktor lingkungan dan faktor media. Untuk itu tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan terkait anti-bullying dan dampak bullying di lingkungan sekolah sehingga dapat membentuk karakter murid yang memiliki jiwa sosial yang tinggi. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dilaksanakan pada 27 Oktober 2023 dengan menggunakan metode penyuluhan yang dihadiri oleh 35 orang murid dan 3 orang guru pendamping. Hasil dari kegiatan sosialisasi ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan terkait bullying dan pencegahannya serta para murid yang mampu menjawab pertanyaan dengan baik dari pemateri.

Here, the authors present a resonance theory to describe the bonding configuration of flat boron materials without quantum calculation. Like aromaticity theory in carbon, it allows to intuitively understand the stability and properties of boron-related materials

Purpose: This paper aims to accelerate the development of natural capital accounting via an early report of farm accountants responses to prototype natural capital accounts. The authors test an approach to co-development with this important group who are both preparers and users of natural capital accounts but are not presently included in the research or development of natural capital accounting. Design/methodology/approach: Seven practicing farm accountants and three accountants with an interest in this area were interviewed to gather responses to prototype farm natural capital accounts and make changes to improve the clarity, relevance and usefulness of the accounts. The paper calls for more work in participatory co-development to speed up the development and implementation of natural capital accounting. Findings: The authors found that all participants were supportive of the concept of natural capital accounting and the consideration of agricultural ecosystems as assets of a farm business. Most participants could interpret the accounts and saw them as useful and important to improve sustainability outcomes. Participants highlighted the need for 1) the development of reliable, consistent valuation methods that resist manipulation; 2) natural capital accounting to be affordable and provide value to users; and 3) farmers to be supported to apply and report the methods for different objectives and contexts. Research limitations/implications: Since agriculture is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and changes to natural capital in the economy, information included in natural capital accounts of farm businesses is important to inform policy as well as farm management decisions. This research reveals strategies for policy makers to accelerate the supply of this information to enable market and other incentives to address urgent issues related to sustainability. Results of this study are from a limited sample of well-informed individuals and are thus preliminary. However, they highlight the need (and opportunity) to further co-design natural capital accounts in agriculture with farm accountants. Practical implications: Farm accountants are important stakeholders in the development and implementation of natural capital accounting processes and systems, yet they are currently excluded from the science and standard-setting processes underpinning natural capital accounting. Co-development represents a fundamental shift in how the science around natural capital accounting is done and is an important step towards creating a more transdisciplinary approach to working with users. The authors show how users can be involved in developing natural capital accounting methods, standards and reports. Social implications: Natural capital accounting is a promising method to help reverse sustainability problems, if it is co-developed with stakeholders to be useful and useable. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this research is the first to report on farm accountants' perceptions of natural capital accounts in agriculture and to present a case study of co-developing natural capital accounts with farm accountants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-lived particles (LLPs) show up in many extensions of the Standard Model, but they are challenging to search for with current detectors, due to their very displaced vertices. This study evaluated the ability of the trigger algorithms used in the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment to detect long-lived particles and attempted to adapt them to enhance the sensitivity of this experiment to undiscovered long-lived particles. A model with a Higgs portal to a dark sector is tested, and the sensitivity reach is discussed. In the LHCb tracking system, the farthest tracking station from the collision point is the scintillating fiber tracker, the SciFi detector. One of the challenges in the track reconstruction is to deal with the large amount of and combinatorics of hits in the LHCb detector. A dedicated algorithm has been developed to cope with the large data output. When fully implemented, this algorithm would greatly increase the available statistics for any long-lived particle search in the forward region and would additionally improve the sensitivity of analyses dealing with Standard Model particles of large lifetime, such as KS0 or Λ0 hadrons.

We present new petrographic and chemical data together with calculated P-T equilibrium conditions of peridotite xenoliths enclosed in kimberlites from Rondônia, Northern Brazil (Cosmos-1 and Carolina-1) and Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil (Canastra-1) located in the Azimuth 125º Lineament. The composition of the mantle minerals is distinct in both areas, which can be related to the diversity of the lithospheric mantle beneath the southwestern portion of the Amazonian Craton and the Brasília Belt. New and compiled chemical data indicate that subcalcic G10 garnet occurs in samples from the Canastra-1 kimberlite and other occurrences of the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province and can be related to the remnants of the Archean lithospheric mantle of the São Francisco Craton beneath the area. The garnets from Rondônia are mostly G5 (pyroxenitic) and G9 (lherzolitic) with a higher abundance of G3 (eclogitic) and G4 (pyroxenitic/eclogitic) relative to the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province. Higher pressures and temperatures were calculated for the samples from Rondônia (40-60 kbar and 1030-1380 ºC) compared to samples from Minas Gerais (25-40 kbar and 730-1000 ºC). The peridotite xenoliths from Rondônia show P-T equilibrium conditions in the diamond stability field and can be the source of at least part of the diamond from the area. The P-T stability fields of the xenoliths from both locations are aligned close to the 40 mW/m2 geotherm. The data indicate that the cratonic 40 mW/m2 geothermal gradient in Rondônia may be related to a process of thermal relaxation of the lithospheric mantle after the Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic tectonothermal events of the southwestern Amazonian Craton until the sampling of the xenoliths by the magma in the Permian-Triassic.

We introduce a connection between a near-term quantum computing device, specifically a Gaussian boson sampler, and the graph isomorphism problem. We propose a scheme where graphs are encoded into quantum states of light, whose properties are then probed with photon-number-resolving detectors. We prove that the probabilities of different photon-detection events in this setup can be combined to give a complete set of graph invariants. Two graphs are isomorphic if and only if their detection probabilities are equivalent. We present additional ways that the measurement probabilities can be combined or coarse-grained to make experimental tests more amenable. We benchmark these methods with numerical simulations on the Titan supercomputer for several graph families: pairs of isospectral nonisomorphic graphs, isospectral regular graphs, and strongly regular graphs.

Although nonlinear optical spectroscopy of nanostructures, nanomaterials, and nanomedicines has been widely used to observe and study the nature of nonlinear optical (NLO) phenomena, the field has to improve for the single nanostructure system. However, it is extremely difficult to investigate the nonlinear optical behaviors of single nanostructure materials because the optical setup used in the experiment has to obligate a high resolution imaging arrangement and overcome the diffraction limit problem. This paper presents that a newly modified z-scan technique with imaging as a starting point for nonlinear optics measurement technology has been successfully implemented to investigate silver nanoparticle aggregation. Such single aggregation with a diameter of ∼1.56 µm made from silver nanoparticles has been precisely observed with an imaging profile on an aggregation target with a large nonlinear absorption coefficient of 8.90 × 109 cm/GW. This technique suggests a wide impact application for a better understanding and knowledge in conjunction with the origin of NLO behavior in any nanomaterials, including nanomedicines.

This paper presents a review of available lithostratigraphic and isotopic data, in addition to other information collected from projects of the Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB-CPRM), for the Rio Piranhas-Seridó Domain (PSD). This domain is one of the tectonostratigraphic compartments of the central-northeast portion of the Borborema Province (Northeast Brazil), bound by the Picuí-João Câmara, Patos and Portalegre shear zones. More recent isotopic determinations (U-Pb dating of zircon) and geological maps (usually on a 1:100000 scale) have clearly detected and/or redefined several units, e.g., the Amarante, Campo Grande, Granjeiro and Saquinho complexes, in addition to the Serra do Ingá body (Archean), Arabia Complex (Siderian), Caicó Complex and Serra da Formiga Suite (Rhyacian), Poço da Cruz Suite (Orosirian-Statherian), Seridó Group (Ediacaran) and Ediacaran to Early-Cambrian magmatic suites, in addition to pegmatites and granitic pegmatites. With respect to the supracrustal rocks of the Seridó Group, the deposition in the Ediacaran is based on field relations and on the ages of detrital zircons, which showed a greater contribution from Mesoarchean to Neoproterozoic sources, the vast majority of which may come from the PSD itself. Current records indicate that the evolution of the PSD started in the Eoarchean, and peaked in the Neoproterozoic with the Brasiliano event, which is characterized by sedimentation of the Seridó Group, intrusion of plutonic bodies, deformation and metamorphism (especially at the regional level), in addition to the formation or reactivation of important shear zones. Such evolution is acknowledged on the basis of the accretion of oceanic arcs during the Paleoproterozoic (containing Archean fragments), including the generation of juvenile magmas and a protocrust (Caico Complex). The Neoproterozoic record, associated with the Brasiliano event, is considered by several authors as reworking with no or little contribution of juvenile material, with deposition of the Seridó Group, emplacement of several Ediacaran to Early-Cambrian magmatic suites, accompanied by the formation of shear zones, predominantly in the southern and eastern portion of the domain.

Simple Summary: Forage serves as the primary nutritional resource for livestock; however, the consistent availability of high-quality forage is hindered by seasonal variations in environmental conditions, particularly in semiarid regions. In response to this challenge, silage derived from corn plants without ears (hereafter referred to as earless corn silage or ECS) has emerged as a strategic means for enhancing the income of green corn producers in Brazil. Notably, ECS has transitioned from a byproduct to a marketable feed with prices comparable to those of conventional corn silage. Under this scenario, forages adapted to such arid conditions, such as cactus cladodes (CC), are imperative. However, CC must be associated with feedstuffs possessing elevated fiber content. Coproducts, such as sugarcane bagasse (SB), present a viable solution for ameliorating the low neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content in CC-based diets. While SB is classified as a low-quality roughage, its key advantage lies in its availability during periods of forage scarcity and its cost-effectiveness. Our research demonstrates the feasibility of substituting, even partially, ECS with a combination of CC and SB, offering an excellent alternative for milk producers. By embracing CC as the most readily producible forage in semiarid regions, producers can reduce their reliance on external inputs, leveraging the utilization of this forage alongside ingredients with increased fiber content, such as SB, which is both economically advantageous and accessible. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing earless corn silage (ECS) with cactus cladodes (CC; Opuntia spp.) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) on nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, milk yield (MY), and composition of lactating dairy cows. Ten Holstein cows, weighing 571 ± 97.0 kg and producing 23.0 ± 4.4 kg of milk per day, were assigned to two contemporaneous 5 × 5 Latin squares. Treatments consisted of five levels of ECS replacement with CC plus SB (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The results showed a linear increase in dry matter (DM) intake (p < 0.05) (15.98 and 18.73 kg/day) and a quadratic increase (p < 0.05) in crude protein and energy intake (2.97 kg/day and 27.52 Mcal/day at 95.4 and 88.6% substitution, respectively). Apparent DM digestibility increased (p < 0.05), but fiber digestibility decreased linearly (p < 0.05). Treatments had a quadratic effect (p < 0.05) on MY and fat-corrected MY (24.17 kg/day and 21.9 kg/day at 63.9% and 38.6% CC plus SB, respectively). Milk fat (3.26 and 2.35%) and total solids content decreased linearly (p < 0.05), whereas the percentages of protein, lactose, and nonfat solids increased (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CC–SB diets linearly reduced the time spent on feeding and rumination and total chewing time. For Holstein cows fed common semiarid diets, milk production can be maximized by replacing 38.6% of ECS with CC plus SB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of synthetic biology is increasingly being positioned as a key driver of a more sustainable, bio-based economy, and has seen rapid industry growth over the past 15 years. In this paper we undertake an exploratory investigation of the relationship between sustainability and synthetic biology, identifying and analyzing sustainability-related language on the public websites of 24, US-based synthetic biology companies. We observe that sustainability is a visible part of the self-presentation of the nascent synthetic biology industry, explicitly mentioned by 18 of the 24 companies. The dominant framing of sustainability on these company websites emphasizes environmental gains and "free-market" approaches to sustainability, with little explicit mention of social dimensions of sustainability such as access, justice or intergenerational equity. Furthermore, the model of sustainability presented focuses on incremental transition towards environmental sustainability through direct substitution of products and processes using bioengineered alternatives (n = 16 companies), with no change in societal consumption or policy frameworks required in order to see sustainability gains. One-third of the companies analyzed (n = 8) mention "nature" on their websites, variously framing it as a resource to be managed or as a source of inspiration; whether the latter signals a potentially more complex relationship with nature than advanced free-market models of sustainability remains to be seen. As the synthetic biology industry begins to grow in size and visibility, we suggest this is an opportune time for the community to engage in explicit deliberation about its approach to sustainability.

Variational quantum algorithms are ubiquitous in applications of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers. Due to the structure of conventional parametrized quantum gates, the evaluated functions typically are finite Fourier series of the input parameters. In this work, we use this fact to derive new, general parameter-shift rules for single-parameter gates, and provide closed-form expressions to apply them. These rules are then extended to multi-parameter quantum gates by combining them with the stochastic parameter-shift rule. We perform a systematic analysis of quantum resource requirements for each rule, and show that a reduction in resources is possible for higher-order derivatives. Using the example of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm, we show that the generalized parameter-shift rule can reduce the number of circuit evaluations significantly when computing derivatives with respect to parameters that feed into many gates. Our approach additionally reproduces reconstructions of the evaluated function up to a chosen order, leading to known generalizations of the Rotosolve optimizer and new extensions of the quantum analytic descent optimization algorithm.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is one of the major factors for the energy transformation to clean and renewable energy sources. In this context, hydrogen fuel cells play an important role in this transition, as they convert the energy stored in hydrogen into electrical energy, acting as a zero-emission technology. Therefore, an analysis of patents is relevant since it is a technology under development. We aim to evaluate the technological development of hydrogen fuel cells through a patent analysis from the Derwent Innovations Index to assess the technological advances between 2001 and 2020. The research strategies returned 22,165 patents and the study shows that: (i) There is a consistent number of patent applications in the period analyzed, which is a reflection of the high rates of research and development for this technology, and the number of patent applications of hydrogen fuel cells had two moments of growth--the first one was between 2001 and 2005, and the second was from 2015 to 2020; (ii) Japan, China, South Korea, and the United States have the highest number of patent applications; (iii) Toyota, Panasonic, Nissan, and Hyundai are the companies with the most patent applications, and the leading technology adopted is the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell; (iv) the main knowledge areas of patents are engineering, electrochemistry, energy fuels, and chemistry; (v) most of the documents are subdivided by the international patent classification into patents for the improvement of technology (H01M8/04), patents for fuel cells using solid polymeric membranes (H01M8/10), and patents for reducing pollution, with a predominance of technologies aligned with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (H01M8/06); and (vi) there is a prominence of deposited patents for polymer electrolyte membrane and solid oxide fuel cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bosonic qubits are a promising route to building fault-tolerant quantum computers on a variety of physical platforms. Studying the performance of bosonic qubits under realistic gates and measurements is challenging with existing analytical and numerical tools. We present a novel formalism for simulating classes of states that can be represented as linear combinations of Gaussian functions in phase space. This formalism allows us to analyze and simulate a wide class of non-Gaussian states, transformations, and measurements. We demonstrate how useful classes of bosonic qubits—Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP), cat, and Fock states—can be simulated using this formalism, opening the door to investigating the behavior of bosonic qubits under Gaussian channels and measurements, non-Gaussian transformations such as those achieved via gate teleportation, and important non-Gaussian measurements such as threshold and photon-number detection. Our formalism enables simulating these situations with levels of accuracy that are not feasible with existing methods. Finally, we use a method informed by our formalism to simulate circuits critical to the study of fault-tolerant quantum computing with bosonic qubits but beyond the reach of existing techniques. Specifically, we examine how finite-energy GKP states transform under realistic qubit phase gates; interface with a continuous-variable cluster state; and transform under non-Clifford t gate teleportation using magic states. We implement our simulation method as a part of the open-source Strawberry Fields python library.

Students' analytic thinking skills through counseling services are essential. This ability is needed to solve the problems they face. Accordingly, an eclective model or method of counseling used to improve analytical skills is necessary. Technique analogies in information services can be used to improve students' analytic skills. The purpose of this research is to improve the information service process by practicing students' analytic skills. The research design uses PTK where the lecturer collaborates in research at the school where the BK teacher feels the problem in the information service he provides and then collaborates with the lecturer to solve it. The subjects of the study were students of class XI IPS1 SMA Negeri 5 Ambon as many as 35 people. The study was conducted in 2 cycles. Each cycle takes 4 meetings beyond the time used for pretest at the beginning of the first cycle, and 2 times the postes of analytic skill at once at the end of cycle I and again at the end of cycle II. This study uses a learning scenario as a guide for action implementation. The instruments used are service process observation sheets and inventory of analytic skills. The research produces qualitative and quantitative data analyzed by descriptive statistics and interpreted qualitatively. Research data is analyzed with three steps, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and decision making. The results show that the use of analogy techniques can be used in information services to improve students' analytic skills. Improved analytic thinking skills can be seen from the presence of students with low analytic skills in pre-cycle I tests increased in number on post cyclical I tests, and increased again at the post test cycle II. Such improvements occur also in students with analytic thinking skills are increasing in number to students with high analytic thinking skills when heading the cycle I test, and Cycle II postes. Based on the research findings, it is suggested to counseling teachers to: (1) use analogous techniques in the information services they provide, (2) make creative thinking skills as the objective of learning accompaniment.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to modeling and bioclimatic zoning of ‘Saanen’ goat milk production in northeastern Brazil. Data were obtained from a 14-year dairy control program for 246 ‘Saanen’ goat matrices. Dairy production meteorological influence and mathematical modeling were assessed through statistical analyses such as Pearson’s correlation matrix and path analysis. Bioclimatic zoning for current and future scenarios, with climate changes, were delineated using inverse-square distance (ISD) and spherical model (kriging) interpolations. Results showed maximum air temperature to contribute substantially to goat dairy production; therefore, its modeling was based thereon. Current and future dairy production maps highlighted Maranhão and Piauí as regions of limited ‘Saanen’ milk production. Furthermore, we should emphasize that temperature rises in further scenarios may have significant impact on the potential of dairy farming for the region under study.

Peraluminous granitoids were recently mapped in the Rio Piranhas-Seridó Domain, the northeast portion of the Borborema Province. These bodies occur as stock and intrusive dikes in the metapelites of the Seridó Formation, constituting the Seridó Garden Suite. This suite has two facies. The first and most expressive facies consists of a medium-grained and whitish leucocratic monzogranite with muscovite, garnet and biotite, while the second is represented by fine-grained and greyish leucocratic granodiorites with biotite, cropping out mainly on the edges of the main body. The thermobarometric conditions for the crystallization of the monzogranites were estimated between 2-5 kbar and 690-950 ºC, whereas the lithochemical data indicate a syn-collisional peraluminous signature. Neoproterozoic garnet-biotite schist xenoliths of the Seridó Formation are sometimes observed partially assimilated in the main body (stock). A U-Pb zircon age of 592 ± 2 Ma obtained in the main body is considered as the crystallization age of the Jardim do Seridó Suite, corroborating the proposed existence of peraluminous magmas associated with the Brasiliano Orogenesis in the Rio Piranhas-Seridó Domain. The chemical and petrographic data identified this suite as fertile to that it can generate dikes of mineralized pegmatites to rare elements.

This article provides an analysis of the economic growth patterns and structures in Ambon City. It identifies four distinct characteristics of economic growth and discusses the leading sectors in Ambon City based on various analyses. The research findings reveal the existence of ten leading sectors in Ambon City, categorized into developed, stagnant, developing, and underdeveloped sectors. The study highlights the significant impact of these sectors on Ambon City's economic growth, with sectors such as government administration, defense and mandatory social security, financial services, wholesale and retail trade, and information and communications sectors having the highest influence. [Extracted from the article]

This study was conducted to determine the lateral and vertical distribution of material resistivity values on Poka alluvial plain using electrodes with Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. Mapping is carried out on 2 lines each 120 m long with the smallest space of 10 m. The results showed that the resistivity of the material ranged from 48.8 Om to 2.247 Om spread laterally with a depth of up to 26.2 m. Loose Sand material occupies the upper layer, followed by the Alluvium and Sand layers in the middle, and Sand and Water which are unconfined aquifers in the lower layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend the concept of transfer learning, widely applied in modern machine learning algorithms, to the emerging context of hybrid neural networks composed of classical and quantum elements. We propose different implementations of hybrid transfer learning, but we focus mainly on the paradigm in which a pre-trained classical network is modified and augmented by a final variational quantum circuit. This approach is particularly attractive in the current era of intermediate-scale quantum technology since it allows to optimally pre-process high dimensional data (e.g., images) with any state-of-the-art classical network and to embed a select set of highly informative features into a quantum processor. We present several proof-of-concept examples of the convenient application of quantum transfer learning for image recognition and quantum state classification. We use the cross-platform software library PennyLane to experimentally test a high-resolution image classifier with two different quantum computers, respectively provided by IBM and Rigetti.

A quantum generalization of Natural Gradient Descent is presented as part of a general-purpose optimization framework for variational quantum circuits. The optimization dynamics is interpreted as moving in the steepest descent direction with respect to the Quantum Information Geometry, corresponding to the real part of the Quantum Geometric Tensor (QGT), also known as the Fubini-Study metric tensor. An efficient algorithm is presented for computing a block-diagonal approximation to the Fubini-Study metric tensor for parametrized quantum circuits, which may be of independent interest.

Geochemical interfaces can impact the fate and transport of aqueous species in the environment including biomolecules. In this study, we investigate the surface chemistry of adsorbed nucleotides on two different minerals, hematite and goethite, using infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to probe the adsorption of deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP), deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP), deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), and deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) onto either hematite or goethite particle surfaces. The results show preferential adsorption of the phosphate group to either surface. Remarkably, surface adsorption of the four nucleotides onto either hematite or goethite have nearly identical experimental spectra in the phosphate region (900 to 1200 cm−1) for each mineral surface yet are distinctly different between the two minerals, suggesting differences in binding of these nucleotides to the two mineral surfaces. The experimental absorption frequencies in the phosphate region were compared to DFT calculations for nucleotides adsorbed through the phosphate group to binuclear clusters in either a monodentate or bidentate bridging coordination. Although the quality of the fits suggests that both binding modes may be present, the relative amounts differ on the two surfaces with preferential bonding suggested to be monodentate coordination on hematite and bidentate bridging on goethite. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce Strawberry Fields, an open-source quantum programming architecture for light-based quantum computers, and detail its key features. Built in Python, Strawberry Fields is a full-stack library for design, simulation, optimization, and quantum machine learning of continuous-variable circuits. The platform consists of three main components: (i) an API for quantum programming based on an easy-to-use language named Blackbird; (ii) a suite of three virtual quantum computer backends, built in NumPy and TensorFlow, each targeting specialized uses; and (iii) an engine which can compile Blackbird programs on various backends, including the three built-in simulators, and - in the near future - photonic quantum information processors. The library also contains examples of several paradigmatic algorithms, including teleportation, (Gaussian) boson sampling, instantaneous quantum polynomial, Hamiltonian simulation, and variational quantum circuit optimization.

Research on rock resistivity and slip surface in the Ambon Volcanic Rock formation has been carried out through geoelectric mapping with the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration in the Kayu Putih area, Ambon City as one of the areas prone to landslides. Measurement of rock resistivity by Mapping was carried out on two tracks each 120 m long and 70 m long intersecting each other. The results showed that the resistivity values of the rocks ranged from 185 Ωm to 4,128 Ωm consisting of Top Soil, Unsaturated Landfill, and Loose Sand as the cover layer followed by Dry Sandy Soil and Gravel, and Breccia Dacite and Tuff at the bottom layer. Breccia Dacite rocks with a resistivity of greater than 2,000 Ωm are found at a depth of 11 - 13 m below the soil surface functioning as slip surface for the sand layer above them. The movement of the soil mass over the slip surface causes cracks in the surface of the road and houses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]