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Introduction: The Executive Functions (EF) are a set of supramodal functions that favor cognitive, emotional and social skills. In early childhood, EFs influence the performance of academic skills. The present research determined the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in an educational context. Method: A correlational study was conducted involving 195 students between 6 and 12 years of age, randomly selected from primary grades (from 1 to 5). The executive functions measured were: verbal fluency (phonological and semantic), selective attention, cognitive flexibility, planning and inhibition; for which, the Neuropsychological Evaluation of the executive functions in children (ENFEN) was used and the academic performance was evaluated from the cumulative academic average in the year. Results: According to Spearman's correlation analysis, the results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between academic performance and the components of executive functions: phonological fluency (p= 0.01) and cognitive flexibility (p= 0.01). On the other hand, the logistic regression showed that semantic fluency and inhibition are predictive factors for academic performance in 76.4%. Discussion or Conclusion: Which suggests that executive functions are associated and in turn predict academic performance in elementary school students, especially if this is low.

Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To describe the relationship between neuropsychological variables and serum cortisol levels as a measure of physiological stress in patients with fibromyalgia. Methodology. A sample of 60 women was intentionally selected: 30 with Fibromyalgia diagnosis and 30 with normal controls. Cortisol levels were determined using two blood samples (AM and PM) and a neuropsychological and emotional battery was applied with a standardized protocol in Colombian population to evaluate different cognitive domains. Comparative and correlational non-parametric analyzes were performed, a multiple regression analysis to determine influences between variables. Results. Significant differences between the study groups in the neuropsychological variables (attention, memory, language, visual-constructive praxis and executive functions (EF), (p<0.05) were found, obtaining better scores in the control group. Significant correlations between the cortisol profile, with false acknowledgments of Rey auditory-verbal learning test, and with perseverative errors of the Wisconsin test were found. Multiple regression analysis predicts the influence of memory and EF variables on the cortisol profile in an 88.7%. Conclusions. The findings show that, in patients with FM, there are neuropsychological alterations, mainly in executive functioning (cognitive flexibility) and episodic memory (evocation and storage). Likewise, executive dysfunction is related to physiological stress reciprocally and in turn are conditioned by emotional alterations such as symptoms of depression, which supports the neurophysiological model that compromises the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the prefrontal cortex, rich in corticosteroid receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia is the property of Academia Mexicana de Neurologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana is the property of Cirugia Plastica Ibero-Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bullying is a contemporary social phenomenon that impacts multiple social structures and contexts. This study aimed to establish the association between executive functions (EF) and social cognition in adolescents. A cross-sectional descriptive study with a sample of 109 subjects was selected by convenience sampling. Multinomial logistic regression was performed, finding that social cognition is a protective factor (OR: 0.17 IC 95% 0.05-0.59) (OR: 0.27 IC 95% 0.08-0.85) in the group of aggressors to controls; in addition, the group of victims to controls (OR: 0.15 IC 95% 0.05 - 0.42) (OR: 0.30 IC 95% (0.11-0.82). Thus, adequate social cognition is associated as a protective factor against bullying, and presenting deficits in EF is associated with a threefold increased risk of bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to validate a second group of images of the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) in Colombian population, in order to increase the bank of images that can be used in research in the fields of emotion, attention and memory, among others. 240 pictures belonging to sets 15, 16, 17 and 18 of the IAPS were validated in a sample of 1222 participants from five cities in the country (Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla and Bucaramanga). To assess the emotional response to images in the valence, arousal and dominance dimensions, the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) was used. The results showed that the pictures were distributed as expected in the two-dimensional affective space composed of the valence and arousal dimensions. A positive emotional bias was identified in men and a negative emotional bias in women. The differences between regions and socioeconomic strata were presented only in arousal and dominance, not in valence. Together, the results suggest that these images can be used to induce affective states in the Colombian population in a controlled manner, which allows their use for the scientific and experimental study of different psychological processes, such as emotion, motivation and attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]