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3. Diagnosis and management of childhood asthma in primary care.

Author

Lo, David, Gaillard, Brigitte, Bullous, Louise, and Gaillard, Erol

Abstract

Although asthma is the most common non-communicable disease of childhood, there is no standardised definition nor gold-standard test available to diagnose the condition. Asthma is a complex airways disorder where genetic, environmental and host immunity are likely to play a part. Misdiagnosis in children is common, although objective lung function tests aid accuracy, when combined with a clinical history. Adopting a stepwise approach to achieving complete, or good, control of symptoms enhances management and regular treatment reviews should include provision of mutually-agreed, written personalised asthma action plans, which should also be given to children's schools. When control is poor or diagnosis uncertain, patients should be referred to specialist care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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4. Ultrastructural study of two rumen fungi: Piromonas communis and Sphaeromonas communis.

Author

Gaillard, Brigitte and Citron, Anne

Abstract

Two species of strictly anaerobic rumen fungi, Sphaeromonas communis and Piromonas communis, were examined by light and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission). Although morphologically different (vegetative body, number of flagella per zoospore), the ultrastructure of these two microorganisms was rather similar to that of Neocallimastix frontalis and N. patriciarum. Two types of organelles were regularly found, i.e., isolated or associated ribosomes in the form of aggregates and hydrogenosome-like organelles with an amorphous content that may be involved in energy generation for these mitochondria-free strictly anaerobic fungi. Unlike N. frontalis, the distribution of organelles was homogenous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989
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5. Physiology of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviours and non‐exercise activity: insights from the space bedrest model

Author

Stéphane Blanc, Audrey Bergouignan, Daniel H. Bessesen, Elisa Le Roux, Nathan P. De Jong, Chantal Simon, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Endocrinology metaboism and diabetes, Anschutz Health & Wellness Center, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CNRS GDR Sport & Activite PhysiqueNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institute for Health (NIH)F31DK125061Colorado Nutrition Obesity Research CentreNORC P30DK048520Centre National D'etudes Spatiales, and Gaillard, Brigitte

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, non, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health outcomes, Muscle mass, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Regular exercise, Adverse health effect, medicine, Humans, Daily living, Metabolic health, Exercise activity, exercise, business.industry, bedrest, moderate to vigorous physical activity, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Increased risk, physical inactivity, Physical therapy, light physical activity, Sedentary Behavior, business, metabolism, Bed Rest, ‐exercise activity, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Physical inactivity, i.e., not reaching the recommended level of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB), i.e., sitting time have been associated with increased risk for common metabolic diseases. Recent epidemiological data suggest that high volumes of SB are detrimental for metabolic health, even in the presence of regular exercise, i.e., moderate/vigorous (MVPA). This suggests that the health effects of SB are independent from those of exercise. However, experimentally testing this hypothesis is complicated because of the difficulty in disassociating SB from PA. Bedrest studies, a traditional space science model, can offer new insights. In some bedrest studies, an exercise training protocol has been used to counteract the harmful effects of inactivity. While bedrest induces an inactive and sedentary state, exercise with bedrest represents a unique model of sedentary yet physically active people. Here, we review bedrest studies with and without exercise training. Although exercise training prevents the loss of muscle mass and function, even large volumes of exercise are not sufficient to fully counteract the negative metabolic adaptations triggered by inactivity. This observation supports the existence of independent adverse health effects of SB, but also the potential benefits of non‐exercise activity, i.e., daily living light‐intensity activities (LPA). We gathered available data to examine the complex relationships between exercise, non‐exercise activity, SB and health outcomes. Given the large amount of SB in modern societies, the sole promotion of exercise, i.e., MVPA may be insufficient, and promotion of LPA may be a complimentary approach to improve health.

Published
2021
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6. Animal social networks: Towards an integrative framework embedding social interactions, space and time

Author

Mathieu Lihoreau, Sebastian Sosa, David M. P. Jacoby, Cédric Sueur, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Zoological Society of London - ZSL (UNITED KINGDOM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Gaillard, Brigitte

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Theoretical computer science, Spacetime, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecological Modeling, Embedding, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021
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7. A near-infrared fluorogenic dimer enables background-free imaging of endogenous GPCRs in living mice

Author

David Brasse, Thierry Durroux, Dominique Bonnet, Lucie Esteoulle, Patrice Marchand, Iuliia A. Karpenko, Andrey S. Klymchenko, Stéphanie Riché, François Daubeuf, Mayeul Collot, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique (LIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies (LBP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Radiobiologie, Hadronthérapie et Imagerie Moléculaire (DRHIM-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gaillard, Brigitte, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0303 health sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Dimer, Quantum yield, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Ligand (biochemistry), 01 natural sciences, Oxytocin receptor, Fluorescence, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Folding (chemistry), 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Biophysics, Receptor, 030304 developmental biology, G protein-coupled receptor
Abstract

International audience; Fluorescent probes are commonly used in studying G protein-coupled receptors in living cells; however their application to the whole animal receptor imaging is still challenging. To address this problem, we report the design and the synthesis of the first near-infrared emitting fluorogenic dimer with environment-sensitive folding. Due to the formation of non-fluorescent H-aggregates in an aqueous medium, the near-infrared fluorogenic dimer displays a strong turn-on response (up to 140-fold) in an apolar environment and exceptional brightness: 56% quantum yield and ≈444 000 M−1 cm−1 extinction coefficient. Grafted on a ligand of the oxytocin receptor, it allows the unprecedented background-free and target-specific imaging of the naturally expressed receptor in living mice.

Published
2020
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8. Synthesis of a Novel Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold Functionalized with Ibuprofen for Periodontal Regeneration: An In Vitro andIn Vivo Study

Author

Laetitia Keller, David-Nicolas Morand, Javier Aragón, Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno, Nadia Benkirane-Jessel, Henri Tenenbaum, Lionel Thomas, Silvia Irusta, Olivier Huck, Fareeha Batool, Regenerative NanoMedicine (UMR 1260), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Faculté de chirurgie dentaire - Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Département de Radiobiologie, Hadronthérapie et Imagerie Moléculaire (DRHIM-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of chemical engineering INA University of Zaragoza, Hopitaux universitaires de Strasbourg Pole de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaire, Gaillard, Brigitte, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Lipopolysaccharide, NSAIDs, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Cell, Integrin, 02 engineering and technology, lcsh:Technology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, medicine, General Materials Science, lcsh:Microscopy, periodontitis, membrane, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:QC120-168.85, Periodontitis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], lcsh:QH201-278.5, biology, lcsh:T, Regeneration (biology), technology, industry, and agriculture, 030206 dentistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, In vitro, Cell biology, regeneration, GTR, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, lcsh:TA1-2040, biology.protein, lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), 0210 nano-technology, Wound healing, lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract

Ibuprofen (IBU) has been shown to improve periodontal treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a new anti-inflammatory scaffold by functionalizing an electrospun nanofibrous poly-ε-caprolactone membrane with IBU (IBU-PCL) and to evaluate its impact on periodontal inflammation, wound healing and regeneration in vitro and in vivo. IBU-PCL was synthesized through electrospinning. The effects of IBU-PCL on the proliferation and migration of epithelial cells (EC) and fibroblasts (FB) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivlais lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) were evaluated through the AlamarBlue test and scratch assay, respectively. Anti-inflammatory and remodeling properties were investigated through Real time qPCR. Finally, the in vivo efficacy of the IBU-PCL membrane was assessed in an experimental periodontitis mouse model through histomorphometric analysis. The results showed that the anti-inflammatory effects of IBU on gingival cells were effectively amplified using the functionalized membrane. IBU-PCL reduced the proliferation and migration of cells challenged by Pg-LPS, as well as the expression of fibronectin-1, collagen-IV, integrin α3β1 and laminin-5. In vivo, the membranes significantly improved the clinical attachment and IBU-PCL also reduced inflammation-induced bone destruction. These data showed that the IBU-PCL membrane could efficiently and differentially control inflammatory and migratory gingival cell responses and potentially promote periodontal regeneration.

Published
2018
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9. Mutations in cytoplasmic dynein lead to a Huntington's disease-like defect in energy metabolism of brown and white adipose tissues

Author

Jose-Luis Gonzalez de Aguilar, Jean-Patrice Robin, Judith Eschbach, Frédérique René, Anissa Fergani, Yves Larmet, Birgit Schwalenstöcker, Luc Dupuis, Majid Hafezparast, Jean-Philippe Loeffler, Albert C. Ludolph, Joffrey Zoll, Hugues Oudart, Gaillard, Brigitte, Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-IFR37-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement physiologie et explorations fonctionnelles, CHU Strasbourg, University of Sussex, Department of neurology, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], and Service de Neurologie

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Cytoplasmic Dyneins, Male, Huntingtin, Gene Expression, Adipose tissue, White adipose tissue, Brown adipose tissue, Mice, Norepinephrine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Adipocyte, Huntingtin Protein, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Nuclear Proteins, Huntington's disease, Thermogenesis, Cell biology, Huntington Disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Female, Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Signal Transduction, Adipose Tissue, White, Lipolysis, Blotting, Western, Dynein, Nerve Tissue Proteins, macromolecular substances, Biology, 3T3-L1 Cells, medicine, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Molecular motors, Lipid droplets, Mice, Mutant Strains, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Mutation, Axoplasmic transport, Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2, Energy Metabolism
Abstract

International audience; The molecular motor dynein is regulated by the huntingtin protein, and Huntington's disease (HD) mutations of huntingtin disrupt dynein motor activity. Besides abnormalities in the central nervous system, HD animal models develop prominent peripheral pathology, with defective brown tissue thermogenesis and dysfunctional white adipocytes, but whether this peripheral phenotype is recapitulated by dynein dysfunction is unknown. Here, we observed prominently increased adiposity in mice harboring the legs at odd angles (Loa/+) or the Cramping mutations (Cra/+) in the dynein heavy chain gene. In Cra/+ mice, hyperadiposity occurred in the absence of energy imbalance and was the result of impaired norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis. A similar phenotype was observed in 3T3L1 adipocytes upon chemical inhibition of dynein showing that loss of functional dynein leads to impairment of lipolysis. Ex vivo, dynein mutant adipose tissue displayed increased reactive oxygen species production that was, at least partially, responsible for the decreased cellular responses to norepinephrine and subsequent defect in stimulated lipolysis. Dynein mutation also affected norepinephrine efficacy to elicit a thermogenic response and led to morphological abnormalities in brown adipose tissue and cold intolerance in dynein mutant mice. Interestingly, protein levels of huntingtin were decreased in dynein mutant adipose tissue. Collectively, our results provide genetic evidence that dynein plays a key role in lipid metabolism and thermogenesis through a modulation of oxidative stress elicited by norepinephrine. This peripheral phenotype of dynein mutant mice is similar to that observed in various animal models of HD, lending further support for a functional link between huntingtin and dynein.

Published
2011
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10. Proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying immunosuppression during the incubation fast in female eiders: Roles of triiodothyronine and corticosterone

Author

Sophie Bourgeon, Thierry Raclot, Yvon Le Maho, Gaillard, Brigitte, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), and Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Biology, cost of reproduction, resource-limitation hypothesis, Birds, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Immunity, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], medicine, Animals, Acquired immunity, Incubation, media_common, Immunosuppression Therapy, Triiodothyronine, Natural selection, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Immunosuppression, Acquired immune system, trade-offs, chemistry, immunopathology-avoidance hypothesis, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Reproduction
Abstract

International audience; Abstract: Available resources being limited, life-history theory predicts that natural selection favours the evolution of physiological mechanisms that ensure their optimal allocation between competing activities. Accordingly, to maximize their selective value, long-lived species face a trade-off between survival and reproduction. Immunity is hypothesized to share limited resources with other physiological functions and this may partly account for the fitness costs of reproduction. However, both ultimate and proximate factors underlying the observed trade-off between reproductive effort and immunocompetence remain poorly documented. Using female common eiders (Somateria mollissima) as a model, it was earlier shown that acquired immunity is negatively affected during the incubation fast, while its activation has a negative impact on females' fitness. The current paper reports data about hormone (corticosterone and triiodothyronine) manipulations we designed to shed more light onto both ultimate and proximate mechanisms contributing to explain immunosuppression in breeding female eiders. Corticosterone does not seem to be the main proximate factor for immunosuppression. Interestingly, the immunosuppressive effects of the tested hormones seem to be mediated by their negative effects on body mass. This lends support to the proposed link between the immune system and body fat reserves and is also in agreement with the resource-limitation hypothesis. It appears that the immnunopathology-avoidance hypothesis and the resource-limitation hypothesis are not mutually exclusive in breeding eiders. Further experiments are required to determine the relationship between body condition and immunocompetence during the incubation fast in long-lived birds.

Published
2009
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11. Social Aspects of Fur-rubbing in Cebus capucinus and C. apella

Author

Noëlle Gunst, Odile Petit, Jean-Baptiste Leca, Gaillard, Brigitte, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia [USA], and Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, social organization, biology.animal, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Kinship, Cebus capucinus, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Social organization, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Primatology, covariation, biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 05 social sciences, Significant difference, Dominance (ethology), Animal ecology, fur-rubbing, Animal Science and Zoology, capuchins, Psychology, Social psychology, Demography, Citrus fruit
Abstract

International audience; Capuchins rub particular plant materials into their pelage, a behavior for which most authors have proposed a medicinal function (Baker in American Journal of Primatology 38:263–270, 1996, Baker, M. (1998). Fur Rubbing as Evidence for Medicinal Plant Use by Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus capucinus): Ecological, Social, and Cognitive Aspects of the Behavior. Dissertation thesis. University of California Riverside; DeJoseph et al. in Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 46:924–925, 2002). Individuals fur-rub solitarily or in groups, but researchers have not conducted studies to understand the differences. We investigated the link between the form of fur-rubbing and other social variables in 2 capuchin species. We supplied 2 captive groups —white-faced capuchins and tufted capuchins— with citrus fruit and onions and explored the behavioral processes and social aspects underlying the activity. We documented the occurrence, number of participants, and effect of recruitment behaviors in fur-rubbing subgroups. We investigated the role of kinship, affiliation, and dominance relationships in accounting for fur-rubbing groups. There is a significant difference in the form of fur-rubbing between white-faced and tufted capuchins. White-faced capuchins fur-rubbed mainly in subgroups and performed a particular behavior to recruit prospective participants, whereas tufted capuchins furrubbed mainly alone, and showed no particular motivation to be joined by other group members. White-faced capuchins could fur-rub together frequently, whatever their degree of kinship, affiliation, or dominance interval. In tufted capuchins, fur-rubbing appeared to be significantly affected by kinship and dominance.

Published
2007
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12. Mechanistic insights into the synergistic activation of the RXR–PXR heterodimer by endocrine disruptor mixtures

Author

Delfosse, Vanessa, Huet, Tiphaine, Harrus, Deborah, Granell, Meritxell, Bourguet, Maxime, Gardia-Parège, Caroline, Chiavarina, Barbara, Grimaldi, Marina, Le Mével, Sébastien, Blanc, Pauline, Huang, David, Gruszczyk, Jakub, Demeneix, Barbara, Cianférani, Sarah, Fini, Jean-Baptiste, Balaguer, Patrick, Bourguet, William, Centre de Biochimie Structurale [Montpellier] (CBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Physiologie moléculaire et adaptation (PhyMA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gaillard, Brigitte, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], endocrine disruptor, mixture, low dose, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cocktail effect, synergy
Abstract

International audience; Humans are chronically exposed to mixtures of xenobiotics referred to as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). A vast body of literature links exposure to these chemicals with increased incidences of reproductive, metabolic, or neurological disorders. Moreover, recent data demonstrate that, when used in combination, chemicals have outcomes that cannot be predicted from their individual behavior. In its heterodimeric form with the retinoid X receptor (RXR), the pregnane X receptor (PXR) plays an essential role in controlling the mammalian xenobiotic response and mediates both beneficial and detrimental effects. Our previous work shed light on a mechanism by which a binary mixture of xenobiotics activates PXR in a synergistic fashion. Structural analysis revealed that mutual stabilization of the compounds within the ligand-binding pocket of PXR accounts for the enhancement of their binding affinity. In order to identify and characterize additional active mixtures, we combined a set of cell-based, biophysical, structural, and in vivo approaches. Our study reveals features that confirm the binding promiscuity of this receptor and its ability to accommodate bipartite ligands. We reveal previously unidentified binding mechanisms involving dynamic structural transitions and covalent coupling and report four binary mixtures eliciting graded synergistic activities. Last, we demonstrate that the robust activity obtained with two synergizing PXR ligands can be enhanced further in the presence of RXR environmental ligands. Our study reveals insights as to how low-dose EDC mixtures may alter physiology through interaction with RXR–PXR and potentially several other nuclear receptor heterodimers.

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13. Optical spin-state polarization in a binuclear europium complex towards molecule-based coherent light-spin interfaces

Author

KUMAR, Kuppusamy, SERRANO, Diana, NONAT, Aline, HEINRICH, Benoît, KARMAZIN, Lydia, CHARBONNIÈRE, Loïc, GOLDNER, Philippe, RUBEN, Mario, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Gaillard, Brigitte, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Quantum Technologies, Quantum optics, Magnetic properties and materials, Physics, Science, Rare earth, Physics::Accelerator Physics, ddc:530, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, [CHIM.COOR] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Square, Article
Abstract

The success of the emerging field of solid-state optical quantum information processing (QIP) critically depends on the access to resonant optical materials. Rare-earth ion (REI)-based molecular systems, whose quantum properties could be tuned taking advantage of molecular engineering strategies, are one of the systems actively pursued for the implementation of QIP schemes. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient polarization of ground-state nuclear spins—a fundamental requirement for all-optical spin initialization and addressing—in a binuclear Eu(III) complex, featuring inhomogeneously broadened 5D0 → 7F0 optical transition. At 1.4 K, long-lived spectral holes have been burnt in the transition: homogeneous linewidth (Γh) = 22 ± 1 MHz, which translates as optical coherence lifetime (T2opt) = 14.5 ± 0.7 ns, and ground-state spin population lifetime (T1spin) = 1.6 ± 0.4 s have been obtained. The results presented in this study could be a progressive step towards the realization of molecule-based coherent light-spin QIP interfaces., Rare-earth ion (REI)-doped systems are well suited for realising coherent light-spin interfaces, but demonstrations of spectral hole burning (SHB) in optical transitions of REI-based systems have been so far limited to REIs dispersed in matrices. Here, the authors report on transient SHB in a binuclear Eu(III) complex.

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