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Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a cause of significant morbidity. CDH is the most common neonatal diagnosis requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods We compared the different characteristics of ECMO and non-ECMO patients with CDH in a case-control study. Data were extracted from the Kids’ Inpatient Database. Records from 2006 to 2016 were used. Patients

Objective: Malaysia is currently facing a phenomenon where a growing portion of its older population experiencing a decline in their employment participation rate. Simultaneously, most job vacancies are filled by foreign workers as a result of a labour shortage. One of the ways to substitute foreign workers is to utilise skilfully and experienced older workers. However, such requires the willingness of business organizations to hire these workers. Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to predict the relationship of managers’ attitudes and subjective norm with their intention to hire older workers, with age as a moderating variable. Methodology: The Theory of Planned Behaviour was identified to include the age of respondents as the moderator on the relationships between attitudes and hiring intention. Cross-sectional data were collected from managers of business organizations via personal administered quantitative surveys questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS). Results: The response rate was 78% (n=468). The research model accounted for a moderate portion of the variance in overall hiring intention (R2=0.377) and future hiring intention (R2=0.392). The findings suggested that: (1) attitudes and subjective norm are related to overall hiring intention and future hiring intention; (2) age has a moderating effect on the relationship between attitudes and overall hiring intention, but there is no moderating effect on the relationship between attitudes and future hiring intention. Implication: The empirical result has important implications for human resource strategists, academic researchers and public policymakers as it serves as an additional fuel to combat the nation's acute labour shortage by hiring able and willing older workers.

The alkaline earth stannate BaSnO3 is a semiconductor with high carrier mobility at room-temperature when doped with La3+. When a thin epitaxial layer of LaInO3 is grown on lightly doped BaSnO3, a polar discontinuity between the orthorhombic, polar LaInO3 and the cubic, nonpolar Ba0.998La0.002SnO3 leads to an electronic reconstruction, where LaInO3 remotely dopes Ba0.998La0.002SnO3, creating carriers for high mobility devices. We determine aspects of the crystalline structure of the LaInO3/BaSnO3 film that affect the polar discontinuity using synchrotron x-ray diffraction. Specifically, we examine the role of oxygen octahedral rotations and anti-parallel cation displacements in influencing the polarization of the LaInO3/BaSnO3 interface. These structural distortions are characterized by measuring half-order Bragg peaks of thin film LaInO3/BaSnO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures grown by pulsed laser deposition. We find that for films as thin as 3 unit cells, epitaxial LaInO3 has 2 distinct domains, one with the same Glazer tilt pattern as that of bulk LaInO3, a+b−b−, and a second rotated 90° in-plane from the first and having tilt pattern b−a+b−. Additionally, we observe a sudden and large increase in cation displacements along the [011] and [101] directions across the LaInO3/BaSnO3 interface due to the strength of the octahedral rotations.

The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has enabled in-depth gene expression analysis of several thousand cells isolated from tissues. We recently reported the application of scRNAseq toward the dissection of the tumor-infiltrating T-cell repertoire in human pancreatic cancer samples. In this study, we demonstrated that combined whole transcriptome and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing provides an effective way to identify tumor-reactive TCR clonotypes on the basis of gene expression signatures. An important aspect in this respect was the experimental validation of TCR-mediated anti-tumor reactivity by means of an in vitro functional assay, which is the subject of the present protocol. This assay involves the transient transfection of mRNA gene constructs encoding TCRα/β pairs into a well-defined human T-cell line, followed by co-cultivation with the tumor cells of interest and detection of T-cell activation by flow cytometry. Due to the high transfectability and the low background reactivity of the mock-transfected T-cell line to a wide variety of tumor cells, this assay offers a highly robust and versatile platform for the functional screening of large numbers of TCR clonotypes as identified in scRNAseq data sets. Whereas the assay was initially developed to test TCRs of human origin, it was more recently also applied successfully for the screening of TCRs of murine origin.

Background: Advanced triple-negative breast cancer (aTNBC) has a poor prognosis; thus, there is a need to identify novel biomarkers to guide future research and improve clinical outcomes. Objectives: We tested the prognostic ability of an emerging, complete blood count (CBC)-based inflammatory biomarker, the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), in patients with aTNBC treated with first-line, platinum-based chemotherapy. Design: This was a retrospective, monocentric, observational study. Methods: We included consecutive aTNBC patients treated with platinum-based, first-line chemotherapy at our Institution, and for whom baseline (C1) CBC data were available. We collected CBC data early on-treatment, when available. PIV was calculated as: (neutrophil count × platelet count × monocyte count)/lymphocyte count. Patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer (aBC) were included in a control, non-TNBC cohort. Results: A total of 78 aTNBC patients were included. When evaluated as a continuous variable, PIV-C1 was associated with worse overall survival (OS; p

Hemangiopericitoma da mama é um tumor de baixa incidência. Embora benigno na maioria das vezes, pode adotar um comportamento agressivo e levar ao surgimento de metástases. Os autores relatam um caso de hemangiopericitoma da mama com seguimento de um ano.

Class III Malocclusion presents a complex orthodontic challenge with various treatment options, including orthodontic camouflage and orthognathic surgery. Among these, mandibular molar distalization stands as an orthodontic approach for treating Class III Malocclusion in adults. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current evidence regarding mandibular molar distalization techniques in the treatment of Class III. The search across PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases yielded 582 articles, from which eight met the inclusion criteria. These inclusion criteria were as follows: English language, full text, studies randomized clinical trials, and retrospective studies that evaluated various methods of mandibular distalization for Class III Malocclusion in adult patients, from 2013 to May 2023. Lower molar distalization has gained attention as a non-surgical alternative with effective and efficient outcomes. However, various treatment modalities have limitations, including reliance upon malocclusion severity, diagnosis, patient cooperation, and operator experience. From the studies analyzed, it was found that techniques using skeletal anchorage with TADs, mini-plates, or ramal plates, offer stable anchorage and controlled tooth movement, they allow unilateral action in cases of asymmetry, and they are the most effective methods for achieving distal body displacement of the tooth. Despite the promising results, the relatively small number of studies calls for more high-quality research to explore the efficacy and outcomes of different mandibular molar distalization approaches. The lack of standardized protocols and guidelines for mandibular molar distalization in Class III Malocclusion is also attributed to the limited available literature.

Background: Dental aesthetic procedures aim to rectify flaws in dental elements’ shape, alignment, or overly dark color. One of the most common dental aesthetic procedures is tooth whitening. This study attempts to introduce key aspects of bleaching and describe the different techniques and the mechanism of action of bleaching agents, focusing on the clinical implications in orthodontic and on composite restorations. Methods: The research was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases for articles on our topic published between 2017 and 2023, and we found a total of 1512 studies. In total, 57 papers were considered for the qualitative analysis in the review. Results: This study found that both carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide were clinically effective, although patients’ level of tooth sensitivity seemed to be lessened by the latter. However, the latter appears to be more effective at reducing patient-experienced tooth sensitivity. Conclusion: Carbamide and hydrogen peroxide based whitening techniques were shown to be equally successful at treating tooth discoloration after bracket composite removal, with no discernible differences between them. To increase the effectiveness of whitening on composites, more research is needed. To achieve the desired results and avoid the negative effects of whitening gels on teeth and soft tissue, a patient-specific approach is advised.

Background: Infraocclusion of deciduous molars is a clinical disturbance that occurs during primary and mixed dentition and has some orthodontic implications. Infraoccluded teeth are believed to be potential sites of malocclusion, with a risk of tipping neighbouring teeth and losing space. This systematic review aims to analyse the management of primary molars infraocclusion and to provide updated guidelines. Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from 1 January 2017 to 28 November 2022. The inclusion criteria were: studies only on human subjects, open access studies, case reports, randomised trials, retrospective, observational studies, and English language. Results: A total of 372 publications were identified from the databases and a final number of nine studies were included in the review for qualitative analysis. Conclusion: Management of patients suffering from infraocclusion depends on the severity, age at diagnosis, and presence of succeeded premolars. Early diagnosis of infraoccluded primary elements is fundamental and cannot be postponed. Preservation of the primary molars may be a valid option with long-term stability if there is no or moderate primary molar infraocclusion, root resorption of less than half of the root, and no decay or restoration.

M2 macrophages promote tumor progression and therapy resistance, whereas proimmunogenic M1 macrophages can contribute to the efficacy of cytostatic and immunotherapeutic strategies. The abundance of M2 macrophages in the immune infiltrate of many cancer types has prompted the search for strategies to target and eliminate this subset. From our prior experiments in syngeneic mouse tumor models, we learned that pharmacological inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) did not merely result in tumor cell death, but also in the modulation of the tumor immune infiltrate. This included a prominent decrease in the numbers of macrophages as well as an increase in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio. Investigation of the mechanism underlying this finding in primary murine macrophage cultures revealed that M2 macrophages are significantly more sensitive to MEK inhibition-induced cell death than their M1 counterparts. Further analyses showed that the p38 MAPK pathway, which is activated in M1 macrophages only, renders these cells resistant to death by MEK inhibition. In conclusion, the dependency of M2 macrophages on the MEK/extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathway empowers MEK inhibitors to selectively eliminate this subset from the tumor microenvironment.

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que tem como objetivo evidenciar os benefícios que os participantes do Projeto de Extensão Pampa Circular - Danças Circulares no Pampa percebem ao praticar danças circulares na universidade. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são professores, acadêmicos e demais pessoas da comunidade, que participaram desse projeto de extensão durante o ano de 2019, reunindo-se semanalmente por uma hora e meia, de março a julho, para se darem as mãos, praticarem danças circulares e compartilharem risos, sentimentos, aprendizagens e impressões. A metodologia fundamenta-se na pesquisa qualitativa, cujos resultados emergiram a partir de uma Análise Textual Discursiva das escritas de 22 desses participantes, motivadas pela seguinte questão: Por que estou participando do Projeto de Extensão Pampa Circular? O estudo mostrou que as danças circulares podem converter-se em momentos singulares e plurais evidenciados nos depoimentos e que apontam benefícios de relaxamento, bem-estar, colaboração, entusiasmo, autoconhecimento, concentração e inclusão.

Coastal wetlands are dynamic ecosystems that exist along a landscape continuum that can range from freshwater forested wetlands to tidal marsh to mudflat communities. Climate-driven stressors, such as sea-level rise, can cause shifts among these communities, resulting in changes to ecological functions and services. While a growing body of research has characterized the landscape-scale impacts of individual climate-driven stressors, little is known about how multiple stressors and their potential interactions will affect ecological functioning of these ecosystems. How will coastal wetlands respond to discrete climate disturbances, such as hurricane sediment deposition events, under future conditions of elevated atmospheric CO2? Will these responses vary among the different wetland communities? We conducted experimental greenhouse manipulations to simulate sediment deposition from a land-falling hurricane under future elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (720 ppm CO2). We measured responses of net primary production, decomposition, and elevation change in mesocosms representing four communities along a coastal wetland landscape gradient: freshwater forested wetland, forest/marsh mix, marsh, and mudflat. When Schoenoplectus americanus was present, above- and belowground biomass production was highest, decomposition rates were lowest, and wetland elevation gain was greatest, regardless of CO2 and sediment deposition treatments. Sediment addition initially increased elevation capital in all communities, but post-deposition rates of elevation gain were lower than in mesocosms without added sediment. Together these results indicate that encroachment of oligohaline marshes into freshwater forested wetlands can enhance belowground biomass accumulation and resilience to sea-level rise, and these plant-mediated ecosystem services will be augmented by periodic sediment pulses from storms and restoration efforts.

Background: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare, autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia with a prevalence of one per million births. The main causes of CCD are mutations in the core-binding factor alpha-1 (CBFA1) or runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), located at the 6p21 chromosomal region. RUNX2 plays important roles in osteoblast differentiation, chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and tooth formation. The disease is characterized by clavicular aplasia or hypoplasia, Wormian bones, delayed closure of cranial suture, brachycephalic head, maxillary deficiency, retention of primary teeth, inclusion of permanent teeth, and multiple supernumerary teeth. Materials and Methods: A 22-year-old girl suffering from cleidocranial dysplasia with short stature, narrow shoulders, craniofacial manifestations (short face, broad forehead, etc.) and dental anomalies (different lower dental elements under eruption, supernumerary and impacted multiple teeth, etc.) was examined at our service (Complex Operative Unit of Odontostomatology of Policlinico of Bari). RX Orthopantomography (OPG) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were requested to better assess the position of the supernumerary teeth and their relationships with others and to evaluate the bone tissue. Results: Under eruption was probably caused by dental interferences with supernumerary teeth; hence, extractions of supernumerary upper canines and lower premolars were performed under general anaesthesia. Surgery outcome was excellent with good tissue healing and improvements in the therapeutic possibilities with future orthodontics. Conclusions: The objective of this article is to give an update about radiological, clinical, and molecular features of CCD and to alert the health team about the importance of establishing an early diagnosis and an appropriate treatment in these patients to prevent impacted teeth complications and to offer them a better quality of life.

Climate extremes are becoming more frequent with global climate change and have the potential to cause major ecological regime shifts. Along the northern Gulf of Mexico, a coastal wetland in Texas suffered sudden vegetation dieback following an extreme precipitation and flooding event associated with Hurricane Harvey in 2017. Historical salt marsh dieback events have been linked to climate extremes, such as extreme drought. However, to our knowledge, this is the first example of extreme precipitation and flooding leading to mass mortality of the salt marsh foundation species, Spartina alterniflora. Here, we investigated the relationships between baseline climate conditions, extreme climate conditions, and large-scale plant mortality to provide an indicator of ecosystem vulnerability to extreme precipitation events. We identified plant zonal boundaries along an elevation gradient with plant species tolerant of hypersaline conditions, including succulents and graminoids, at higher elevations, and flood-tolerant species, including S. alterniflora, at lower elevations. We quantified a flooding threshold for wetland collapse under baseline conditions characterized by incremental increases in flooding (i.e., sea level rise). We proposed that the sudden widespread dieback of S. alterniflora following Hurricane Harvey was the result of extreme precipitation and flooding that exceeded this threshold for S. alterniflora survival. Indeed, S. alterniflora dieback occurred at elevations above the wetland collapse threshold, illustrating a heightened vulnerability to flooding that could not be predicted from baseline climate conditions. Moreover, the spatial pattern of vegetation dieback indicated that underlying stressors may have also increased susceptibility to dieback in some S. alterniflora marshes.Collectively, our results highlight a new mechanism of sudden vegetation dieback in S. alterniflora marshes that is triggered by extreme precipitation and flooding. Furthermore, this work emphasizes the importance of considering interactions between multiple abiotic and biotic stressors that can lead to shifts in tolerance thresholds and incorporating climate extremes into climate vulnerability assessments to accurately characterize future climate threats.

Background and Objectives: Palatal expansion is a common orthodontic technique able to increase the transverse changes for subjects with constricted maxillary arches. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate through a systematic review the tomography effectiveness of different palatal expander approaches. Materials and Methods: The database used to perform the screening and determine the eligibility of the clinical papers was PubMed (Medline). Results: The database search included a total of 284 results, while 271 articles were excluded. A total of 14 articles were included for the qualitative assessment. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the present studies reported that skeletal expansion was a useful approach to increase the transverse changes for subjects with constricted maxillary arches.

RESUMO A discussão que trazemos neste artigo é parte de nossa leitura das falas de alunos que frequentavam os anos finais do ensino fundamental em 2009 e 2010. Temos como objetivo evidenciar os significados que eles produziram para a escola à luz das noções de significado, objeto, legitimidade e espaço comunicativo que fazem parte do Modelo dos Campos Semânticos e de um ensaio da história de Peter Pan, que nos permitiu distinguir que quando os alunos falam sobre a escola os significados que eles produzem, de que a escola é importante para o futuro deles, vão em direção ao Mundo dos Adultos. Mas, quando eles se colocam dentro da escola, suas falas contemplam o encontro com os amigos e a hora do recreio, aproximando-se mais da lógica da Terra do Nunca.

The study tested a modified Theory of Planned Behaviour model with an added variable of past experience to predict managers’ intention to hire older workers. Surveyed locations were the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A cross-sectional data was collected via personal administered questionnaires surveys (n=468). A response rate of 78% (M=59.6%; F=40.4%) was recorded. Models and hypotheses testing were performed using SEM-PLS. Values from internal consistency reliability tests indicated all values were accepted and demonstrated a high level of reliability. Convergent and discriminant validities were well established. Both tolerance and VIF values suggested no potential collinearity problem. The modified model accounted R2=0.377. The findings suggested that the antecedents and intention were related and that the 3 hypotheses (H1, H2, and H3) were supported. The empirical result derived is expected to bring awareness to business organizations on the benefits of a diversified workforce, a better understanding on the effects of attitudes, subjective norms and past experience on managers’ intention when hiring older workers. Relevant public policy makers are able to, from the outcome of the study, formulate and implement workplace good practices to help prolong older workers work life, which in turn would greatly relief the Government from financial burden due to unemployed older workers. In addition, the result further encourages more future research to enrich the body of knowledge of Malaysian research literature on ageing workforce.

Micotoxinas representam um vasto grupo de contaminantes químicos naturais originados a partir do metabolismo secundário de fungos filamentosos patogênicos. Elas são produzidas, principalmente, pelos gêneros Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus e Penicillium, os quais podem contaminar grãos e cereais, como trigo, milho e soja. Conforme sua natureza e níveis de concentração, micotoxinas podem induzir efeitos tóxicos em animais de produção e humanos. Um estudo in vitro foi realizado para avaliar a susceptibilidade das células linfocitárias de frangos de corte a diferentes concentrações de ocratoxina A, deoxinivalenol e zearalenona. Cada micotoxina foi adicionada ao meio celular em diferentes concentrações (0,001; 0,01; 0,1 e 1μg/mL). A viabilidade celular e atividade de ecto-adenosina desaminase foram analisadas em 24, 48 e 72 horas através de ensaios colorimétricos. Para isso, foram utilizados 0,7x10(5) linfócitos/mL em meio RPMI 1640, suplementado com 10% de soro fetal bovino e 2,5 UI de penicilina/estreptomicina por mL, incubados em atmosfera de 5% de CO2 a 37 °C. Todos os experimentos foram realizados em triplicata e os resultados foram expressos como média e erro padrão da média. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que tanto ocratoxina A como deoxinivalenol induziram proliferação linfocitária e baixa atividade enzimática in vitro (P0,05). Foi possível correlacionar os dados referentes à viabilidade celular e atividade de ecto-adenosina desaminase, sugerindo que, em concentrações mínimas, as micotoxinas testadas não estimularam a atividade da enzima, que possui ação pró-inflamatória e contribui para o processo de imunossupressão e, portanto, evitando um decréscimo na viabilidade celular. Este é o primeiro estudo feito com OCRA, DON e ZEA sobre linfócitos de frangos de corte em cultivos in vitro na avaliação desses parâmetros.

Fiddler crabs (Brachyura, Ocypodidae), like many other marine organisms, disperse via planktonic larvae. A lengthy pelagic larval duration is generally assumed to result in genetic connectivity even among distant populations. However, major river outflows, such as of the Amazon or Orinoco, or strong currents may act as phylogeographic barriers to ongoing gene flow. For example, the Mona Passage, located between Puerto Rico and Hispaniola, has been postulated to impair larval exchange of several species. In this study, Cox1 mtDNA data was used to analyze population genetic structure of two fiddler crab species from the western Atlantic, comparing the continental coastline and Caribbean islands. The results indicate genetic homogeneity in Minuca rapax among Atlantic (continental) populations (Suriname, Brazil), whereas Caribbean populations show significantly restricted gene flow among the constituent islands and towards continental populations. Our data support the hypothesis of the Mona Passage hindering larval exchange. Contrastingly, Caribbean Leptuca leptodactyla populations appear to be devoid of detectable variation, while Atlantic-continental (i.e. Brazilian) populations show much higher haplotype and nucleotide diversities and display slight genetic differentiation among populations within the Atlantic region, though not statistically significant. Both species show a pronounced divergence between regions, supporting the presence of a phylogeographic barrier.

Volume image analysis provides a number of methods for the characterization of the microstructure of open foams. Mean values of characteristics of the edge system are measured directly from the volume image. Further characteristics like the intensity and mean size of the cells are obtained using model assumptions where the edge system of the foam is interpreted as a realization of a random closed set. Macroscopically homogeneous random tessellations provide a suitable model for foam structures. However, their cells often lack the degree of regularity observed in real data. In this respect some deterministic models seem to be closer to realistic structures, although they do not capture the microscopic heterogeneity of real foams. In this paper, the influence of the model choice on the obtained mean values is studied. Moreover, a method for reconstruction of the cells of an open foam from its edge system is described and tested for the tessellations under consideration.

Cell therapy has been linked to an unexplained return of ovarian function and fertility in some cancer survivors. Studies modeling this in mice have shown that cells transplantation generates donor-derived oocytes in chemotherapy-treated recipients. This study was conducted to further clarify the impact of cell transplantation from different sources on female reproductive function after chemotherapy using a preclinical mouse model. Methods. Female mice were administered 7.5 mg/kg cisplatin followed by cell transplantation (one week later) using GFP+ female cell donors. For cell tracking, adipose derived stem cell GFP+ (ADSC), female germline stem cell GFP+/MVH+ (FGSC), or ovary cell suspension GFP+ mice were transplanted into cisplatin-treated wild-type recipients. After 7 or 14 days animals were killed and histological analysis, IHQ for GFP cells, and ELISA for estradiol were performed. Results. Histological examinations showed that ADSC, ovary cell suspension, and FGSC transplant increase the number of follicles with apparent normal structure in the cells recipient group euthanized on day 7. Cell tracking showed GFP+ samples 7 days after transplant. Conclusion. These data suggest that intraovarian injection of ADSCs and FGSC into mice with chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure diminished the damage caused by cisplatin.

Limnoperna fortunei é molusco bivalve invasor que causa prejuízos a sistemas de captação de água e usinas hidroelétricas. Sua presença já foi registrada nas bacias dos rios Paraná, Paraguai, Uruguai e Lago Guaíba. No presente trabalho, foi realizado um estudo morfológico das estruturas de adesão desta espécie invasora. Os estudos mostraram que o pé do Limnoperna fortunei é formado por um tecido de preenchimento com diferentes tipos celulares envolvidos nos mecanismos de adesão e locomoção. Foi verificada a presença de inúmeras vilosidades, pêlos e muco em toda a superfície externa do pé, o que aumenta a superfície de contato e conseqüentemente a adesão ao substrato. O bisso do Limnoperna fortunei é constituído por um eixo principal do qual partem filamentos secundários e é produzido por uma região formada por vários canalículos que conduzem a secreção adesiva até o exterior. O ponto de projeção do bisso no corpo do mexilhão dourado é uma região reforçada por fibras de colágeno, o que mantém o bisso fortemente aderido ao corpo animal. Palavras-chave: Limnoperna fortunei. Histologia. Mexilhão dourado. Adesão.

O Limnoperna fortunei é um molusco bivalve invasor que tem causado prejuízos a sistemas de captação de água e usinas hidroelétricas. Sua presença já foi registrada nas bacias dos rios Paraná, Paraguai, Uruguai e Lago Guaíba. No presente trabalho, estudou-se a força de desligamento e o padrão de rompimento dos filamentos do bisso do L.fortunei em três tipos distintos de substratos: cobre, vidro e teflon. O cobre provocou efeito letal em 100% dos mexilhões testados. A maior parte dos filamentos do bisso analisados após os ensaios de tração se desprendeu dos substratos testados (vidro e teflon) por rompimento. A falha adesiva ocorreu apenas em 20% dos filamentos que estavam aderidos ao teflon. Os filamentos do bisso aderidos ao vidro e ao teflon romperam em duas regiões distintas: X e Y. Quanto aos tipos de rompimento, foram observados dois padrões distintos: superfície estirada de ruptura tipo estricção e superfície plana de ruptura transversal. A região de rompimento dos filamentos do bisso parece estar relacionada com as características estruturais das regiões X e Y, não com o tipo de substrato. O substrato parece influenciar os tipos de rompimento e a força de desligamento. Esta apresentou maior valor para os mexilhões aderidos ao vidro em relação ao teflon.

Neste artigo tivemos por objetivo investigar como licenciandos do último ano de um curso de licenciatura em matemática lidam com situações da matemática escolar. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa analisamos 36 produções escritas. Em meio à problemática de se configurar cursos de licenciatura em matemática que atendam as demandas da prática pedagógica de professores da educação básica, tecemos considerações sobre a formação inicial de professores de matemática. As discussões das situações e a produção escrita dos licenciandos podem servir de base para atividades formativas com futuros professores, que ultrapassem a categorização da formação Matemática e da Pedagógica.

The traditional systems of logic which have an impact on the value established for the urban soil have undergone change lately, due to the many dynamics taking place in intermediate cities. These cities' population growth and territorial expansion, as well as the changes in the way the real estate sector is conceived, the developers' proposals and the demand's perceptive components all make up an imperfect, heterogeneous market. Added to the traditional soil value theory are those theories related to the hedonistic aspects that grant symbolic value according to a complex psychosocial and economic structure. When fixing prices, consumers' payment disposition and the assessment of certain characteristics of the property, as well as the socio-economic status and the beauties of the geographical-scenic surroundings in which it is located are all combined.

OBJETIVO: Revisar as atuais estratégias de suporte e de tratamento da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). FONTE DOS DADOS: Dados próprios de nosso laboratório de pesquisa e bibliografia relacionada às áreas de SDRA e lesão pulmonar aguda, pesquisados através do Medline. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Apesar de avanços no entendimento da sua patogênese, a SDRA ainda resulta em significativa morbidade e mortalidade. A ventilação mecânica é a principal modalidade terapêutica na SDRA, sendo atualmente considerada não mais apenas uma medida de suporte, mas sim uma terapia capaz de alterar o curso da patologia. Novas estratégias ventilatórias, como a ventilação oscilatória de alta freqüência (VOAF), têm-se mostrado promissoras. Neste texto, revisamos o conhecimento atual no manejo da SDRA, incluindo ventilação mecânica convencional e não convencional, uso de surfactante, óxido nítrico, moduladores do processo inflamatório, oxigenação extracorpórea e posição prona. CONCLUSÕES: A última década foi marcada por avanços significativos, como o conceito de ventilação mecânica protetora na SDRA. O benefício da aplicação de estratégias alternativas, como a VOAF, assim como do uso do surfactante exógeno e moduladores de inflamação continuam sendo alvo de estudo.OBJECTIVE: To review the current support and treatment strategies of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) DATA SOURCES: Original data from our research laboratory and from representative scientific articles on ARDS and acute lung Injury searched through Medline. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Despite advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of ARDS, this syndrome still results in significant morbidity and mortality. Mechanical ventilation, the main therapeutic modality for ARDS, is no longer considered simply a support modality, but a therapy capable of influencing the course of the disease. New ventilation strategies, such as high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) appear to be promising. This text reviews the current knowledge of ARDS management, including conventional and non-conventional ventilation, the use of surfactant, nitric oxide, modulators of inflammation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and prone position. CONCLUSIONS: The last decade was marked by significant advances, such as the concept of protective ventilation for ARDS. The benefit of alternative strategies, such as HFOV, the use of surfactant and immunomodulators continue to be the target of study.

The article is about the presence of feminists at the II World Social Forum, organized in Porto Alegre at the end of January and the beginning of February 2002. Among the discurses and practices of oposition to the hegemonic neoliberal globalization, women’s and feminist’s movements put in the centre of the debate different aspects of the interrelation between patriarchy and capitalism from different points of view and strategies.

The Rio de la Plata. located between Uruguay and Argentina, generates a tremendous freshwater influx from the estuary into the coastal sea. It is thus suggested to constitute a biogeographic barrier for many taxa exhibiting a marine planktonic larval dispersal. However, evidence for corresponding intraspecific dispersal constraint has yet to be provided. We compared mitochondrial haplotypes of ten individuals for each of two populations of Uca (Leptuca) uruguayensis north and south of the estuary to examine the potential effect of the Rio de la Plata on the species' distribution. The populations are separated by nearly 2,000 km and were collected in São Paulo State (Brazil) and Mar Chiquita (Argentina). We found no significant indication for restricted gene flow between them, based on 823 basepairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. The structure of the corresponding haplotype network and the estimated nucleotide diversities, however, suggest that the Argentinean population is genetically more diverse than the one from Brazil. In order to establish possible significant differences in haplotype distribution, further research including more populations and larger sample sizes will be necessary.