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Introduction: Arterial and venous thrombotic events in COVID-19 cause significant morbidity and mortality. For optimal thromboprophylaxis treatment for hospitalized patients, especially those with severe COVID-19 symptoms, it is still unclear whether to use full- or therapeutic-dose versus prophylactic-dose anticoagulation therapy. The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of unfractionated heparin (UFH) for thromboprophylaxis in severe degree of COVID-19. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of 160 COVID-19 patients at the COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet, Jakarta, from March to August 2021, were collected. The predetermined inclusion criteria for patients were severe COVID-19 infection; age > 18 years; positive D-dimer level > 400 ng/mL; high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygenation; IMPROVE bleeding risk score < 7; and willingness to participate in the study. The primary outcome was activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) target achievement, oxygenation changed to nasal cannula or ended with room air, mortality rate, and the principal safety criterion was presence of bleeding. Results: Of 160 subjects, 63.8% were male and 45.6% were aged 45-59 years old. Obesity was the most common comorbidity at 45.6% Among all subjects, 9.4% experienced bleeding, with hematuria being the most frequent type at 66.7%. All subjects released HFNC, and no deaths were reported. Conclusions: It can be concluded that administration of therapeutic doses of heparin in patients with severe COVID-19 had a low risk of bleeding and no patients were reported to have died. However, further investigation is needed to determine the long-term effects of therapeutic doses of anticoagulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare visits were reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, causing disturbances in sustainable MAFLD monitoring. Telemedicine acts to maintain connectivity between patients and healthcare professionals. This review aimed to assess the role of telemedicine in monitoring MAFLD during the pandemic. Databases searched included l PubMed Central and ScienceDirect from 2020 to 2023. Assessment with The Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for non-RCTs systematic reviews. Meta-analyses employing a random-effect model were performed to determine the pooled mean difference (MD) and p-value. The results showed three RCT and two non-RCT (n = 239) with 56.9% males and a mean age of 51.3 years. The median intervention duration was 5.5 months. The parameters assessed included body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, liver function (AST/ALT), lipid profile, HbA1c, and others. Meta-analysis revealed that telemedicine had a significant effect on improving outcomes for BW (MD −2.81: 95% CI, −4.11, −1.51, p < 0.0001) and BMI (MD −1.01: 95% CI, −1.47, −0.55, p < 0.0001) compared to standard care, while the AST/ALT levels were not significantly reduced. Some biochemical markers decreased based on the systematic reviews. In conclusion, telemedicine using mobile-based applications could be an option for monitoring lifestyle modification in MAFLD patients facing the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Cholelithiasis or gallstones has many risk factors, such as age, sex, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM). Studies in developing country shown that obesity, dyslipidemia, and DM occurred in 55.0%, 76.0%, and 17.7% of adults with cholelithiasis, respectively. The aim of this study is to know the proportion of cholelithiasis risk factors. Materials & methods: This retrospective study using descriptive cross sectional design performed in one of the largest referral hospital in Jakarta Indonesia. Demographic data, and laboratory examination were collected from medical record. Patients presented with cholelithiasis from the abdominal ultrasonography was enrolled into study. Results: 93 subjects were selected through consecutive sampling, where in 65.8% were female and 77.5% age>40 years. The majority was obese (47.3%) and the obesity grade I was most prevalent. Dyslipidemia was found in 19.3% subjects with proportion of high total cholesterol was 54.5%, high LDL 90.9%, high triglycerides 27.3%, and low HDL 18.2%. DM was found in 15.0% subjects. Random blood glucose had higher proportion, accounting 57.2% with mean 140.67±89.69 mg/dl. Female and age>40 years had more proportion in cholelithiasis patients. Conclusions: Proportion of cholelithiasis with obesity 47.3%, dyslipidemia 19.3%, and diabetes 15.0%. However, the proportion of obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes in this study was lower than other studies in Asia or developing countries. Patients with obesity grade I, high LDL and RBG>40 mg/dl should be aware to have cholelithiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Clinical clerkship students, as adolescent health workers, have been first recipients of the COVID-19 vaccination programme. The success rate and trust of recipients in the program have been impacted by adverse events following immunization (AEFI). This study aims to determine the AEFI of the CoronaVac vaccine among clinical clerkship students at the Faculty of Medicine, State Islamic University, Jakarta. Material and Methods: This study used cross sectional methods with a total of 225 subjects completing a questionnaire. The CoronaVac vaccine was administered twice with 2 week interval. AEFI was evaluated after 30 minutes, 24 hours, and on the third day. Results and discussion: 73.3% of the participants were female, 20-25 years old. AEFIs were found in 57.8 % of all participants in the first and second doses vaccination. The most common local AEFI was pain at the site injection, accounting 27.1 % which occurred 30 minutes after second dose vaccination. The most common systemic AEFI was drowsiness, accounting for 18 % which occurred 24 hours after first dose vaccination. Other systemic AEFIs were headache, fatigue, and chills. There was significant association between AEFIs and females but no significant association with history of allergy, comorbidities, and history of previous COVID-19. AEFIs were mild, no special treatment or hospitalization were required. Conclusion: The AEFIs of the CoronaVac vaccine among students were mild and had significant association with females. The study is expected to increase the public's confidence in the COVID-19 vaccination program and to create awareness of its safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gallstone pancreatitis is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis worldwide with 40-70% of cases. However, only 3-7% of patients with gallstones develop pancreatitis with the major cause dyslipidemia. The management of acute pancreatitis is supportive, but the definitive treatment for gallstone pancreatitis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC). Several clinical trials have been performed to evaluate optimal timing between early or delayed LCC in mild gallstone pancreatitis. Early LCC is performed within the period of hospital admission or within 2 weeks after discharge. This is a case report of a young woman, 29 years old who had a mild case of gallstone pancreatitis with a history of familial dyslipidemia and chronic alcoholism. This case showed successful of early LCC that performed on 10th day of hospitalization. The treatment shortened hospital stay with no intra or post-operative complication, improving the pancreatic enzyme level and reduced readmission caused by recurrent pancreatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various types of vaccines are being developed and tested for SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes spike glycoproteins, plays essential roles in virus attachment and entry into the host cell. The surface location of the spike glycoprotein has been the main target for the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 which have been proven effective in generating neutralizing. This study aim was to summarise base on vaccination activities that have been carried out after one year of Covid-19 cases taking place in Europe, especially in Germany. Many study suggests that vaccinations prevented Covid-19 infections. Study from Germany found a connection between high vaccination rates and comparatively low excess mortality. A series of vaccines based on the spike glycoprotein has been tested with clinical success and has been shown to be efficient enough to protect individuals. Among the Covid-19 vaccines applied in Germany, the two mRNA vaccines appear more effective and safer than the vector vaccines. All vaccines approved in Germany use the spike glycoprotein as the active immunogenic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Depression is the most psychiatric disorder in elderly which has no specific symptom. This condition can affect quality of life in elderly patient. To determine the relationship between possibility of depression with quality of life in elderly in bio-psycho-socio-spiritual perspective. Methods: Cross sectional design, consecutive sampling with 202 respondents. Setting of study were 3 public health centers (puskesmas), puskesmas Ciputat, East Ciputat, and Pondok Ranji in 2018. Respondents filled out modification of Older People’s Quality of Life-35 (OPQOL-35) questionnaire and Spiritual Need Questionnaire (SNQ). Assessment of depression used Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Results: Fifty four percent of respondents reported good quality of life, while 46% have bad quality of life. Prevalence of normal/not depression 86.1%, mild depression 12.9%, medium depression 0.5%, and severe depression were 0.5%. The result of bivariate analysis found relationship between possibility of depression with quality of life (p=0.04). There was relationship between possibility of depression with quality of life in elderly with bio-psycho-socio-spiritual aspect. Conclusion: The quality-of-life level in the elderly in general is good. The study shows that most respondents do not experience depression but are dominated by those with a poor and moderate quality of life. There is a significant relationship between the likelihood of depression and quality of life in the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent high blood glucose due to impaired insulin secretion or insulin resistance. Garcinia cambogia or Malabar tamarind is a tropical fruit, widely grown in South Asia and Southeast Asia including Indonesia. It is used for food condiment and flavouring and also popular as weight-loss supplement. Garcinia cambogia contains high amount Hydroxy-citric acid (HCA), an active component have shown increased hepatic glycogen synthesis and increased serotonin release in the brain that leading an appetite-suppression effect, which finally decrease body weight. HCA has also been reported could also increase of alpha amylase and intestinal alpha-glucosidase that leading reduction carbohydrate metabolism, however further benefit in diabetes has not been yet elucidated. The aim to this study was to determine the effects of Garcinia cambogia 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) on blood glucose and body weight in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat after 28 days of decoction. Methods: This experimental study was done in acute diabetic rats using 50 mg/kg BW streptozotocin injection. Garcinia cambogia extract were given daily at 400 mg/kg BW for 28 days. Body weight and blood glucose were analysed according to protocol. Results: This study showed significant reduction of blood glucose (p<0.05), however body weight did not differ significantly after 28 days of decoction. Conclusion: Garcinia cambogia 400 mg/kg BW gave short term effects to reduce blood glucose in diabetic rat after 28 days of decoction. Therefore, Garcinia cambogia may give beneficial effect on diabetic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]