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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the gene-carrying rate of thalassemia in the population of Baoshan. Methods A total of 874 samples were α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia detected by NGS, and the ethnic characteristics of the population were statistically analyzed. Results There were 251 cases of positive thalassemia gene, accounting for 28.72%(251/874). There were 140 α-thalassemia carriers, with a positive rate of 16.02% (140/874). The most common gene mutation type was αα/-α3.7. There were 95 β-thalassemia carriers, with a positive rate of 10.87% (95/874). The most common gene mutation type was CD26. There were 16 α- and β-thalassemia compound carriers, with a positive rate of 1.83% (16/874); Comparison of the differences between Han and Ethnic populations in thalassemia carry (P < 0.01) was statistically significant. There were 13 α-globin gene triplet carriers, with a positive rate of 1.49% ( 13/874) . The most common gene mutation type was αααanti3.7 . Conclusions Baoshan region population has a high thalassemia carrier frequency. The most common genemutation type was αα/-α3.7and CD26. This study provides theoretical support for thalassemia prevention and control as well as clinical genetic counseling in the Baoshan region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to elucidate the accuracy and applicability of different algorithms for detecting slope erosion, which can provide a reference for the selection and development of detection methods for soil erosion processes. [Methods] Five plots established on a natural slope in the loess hilly and gully region to conduct runoff scouring experiments. Using TLS data, we calculated erosion and sediment yield by using various methods such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of difference (DoD), Cloud to Cloud (C2C), Cloud to Mesh/Model (C2M), and Multiscale Model to Model Cloud Comparison (M3C2), and compared their results. [Results] The results of the uncertainty analysis showed that M3C2 produced the smallest average uncertainty, followed by C2C and C2M, while DoD yielded the largest uncertainty. The sediment yield calculated by the detection algorithms demonstrated that under high flow rates (85, 70 and 55 L/min), there was a significant linear relationship between consecutive sediment yield and cumulative sediment yield derived by the four algorithms and the corresponding measured sediment yield (R²＞0.62, p＜0.05), and M3C2 performed best; under low flow rates (40 and 25 L/min), no significant linear relationships were found between consecutive sediment yield and measured sediment yield, but significant linear relationships were found between cumulative sediment yield and measured sediment yield (R²＞0.91, p＜0.05), and DoD performed best. The spatial distribution of erosion and deposition indicated that C2C, M3C2, and DoD could reflect two stages of erosion evolution on hillslopes and gully slopes (rapid development stage and stable stage), with M3C2 being able to detect subtle topographic changes. However, M3C2 results were subject to ‘voids’ in the blind area of TLS scanning due to not finding corresponding points in the normal direction. [Conclusion] The M3C2 algorithm is more suitable for detecting complex terrain, but it will still fail in the blind spot of scanning, and the algorithm should be improved in the future to help cope with more complex and drastic terrain changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Geoscience is the property of Natural Gas Geoscience and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The birth weight and uniformity of piglets are key indicators affecting the survival rate in the farrowing house, and the survival rate in the farrowing house is one of the important indicators to measure the production performance of modern breeding enterprises. With the continuous breakthroughs in genetic breeding technology, the number of piglets born per litter and the number of weaned piglets have shown a trend of increasing year by year. However, this progress is also accompanied by a decrease in the birth weight and uniformity of piglets. The decrease in birth weight and uniformity is closely related to the survival and subsequent growth and development of piglets. The factors currently affecting the birth weight and uniformity of piglets mainly include the number of piglets born per litter, breed, nutritional factors, the position of the embryo in the uterus, parity, season, etc. The article reviews the impact of nutritional factors such as feed intake, protein, functional fiber, and functional amino acids on the birth weight and uniformity of piglets and their possible regulatory mechanisms, and provides reasonable recommended values, with the aim of improving the birth weight and uniformity of piglets through nutritional regulation, to provide a reference for the optimization design of feed formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] To clarify the biological characteristics of Trichoderma viride and their mechanisms of alleviating salt stress in corn seedlings. [Method] The biological characteristics of a Trichoderma viride strain screened in the early stage were analyzed,and the effects of Trichoderma viride on corn seedling height,root length,aboveground dry weight,underground dry weight,root crown ratio,chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content,SOD,POD,CAT,PPO and other indicators under salt stress were measured,exploring the effects of Trichoderma viride on the growth and physiological indicators of corn seedlings under salt stress. [Result]The optimal growth temperature for the strain was 25 ℃ ;the requirements for light were not strict,but the colony diameter under 24 hours of darkness treatment was significantly higher than 12 hours of darkness+12 hours of light,and 24 hours of light;the strain grows fastest at pH = 5. After adding different concentrations of spore suspension,the plant height,root length,dry weight of underground and aboveground parts,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content,SOD activity,POD activity, CAT activity,and PPO activity of corn seedlings showed a gradually increasing trend under salt stress. [Conclusion]The research results can provide basic data for improving the planting efficiency of corn in saline alkali soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Soil & Water Conservation (1009-2242) is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Experiment is the property of Petroleum Geology & Experiment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mining areas of Loess Plateau accounts for over 70% of the total coal production in China, while large-scale coal mining activities have led to seriousecological degradation and intensified soil erosion. However, few studies have quantitatively investigated the spatial pattern of soil erosion rates in mining areas and its relationship with environmental change, largely constraining the implementation of land reclamation and ecological restoration in coal mining areas. In order to provide a theoretical guidance for the eco-environmental management in coal mining areas, this study, taking the Binchang mining area as a study area, derived soil erosion rates of the whole mining area between 2003 and 2019 and the subsidence area between 2014 and 2019, respectively, using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). We also investigated the spatial pattern of soil erosion rates for the whole mine area and the subsidence area and quantitatively studied the effects of precipitation, topography and vegetation cover on soil erosion rates. Results showed that: 1) During 2003-2019, soil erosion rates in the Binchang mining area showed a significant upward trend (P<0.05), with the highest and lowest rates of 85.56 and 15.54 t/(hm² ·a) emerging in 2003 and 2009 respectively. Slight and light erosion was mainly distributed in flat areas such as urban areas, loess tableland and river terraces, with a consistent spatial distribution, while other levels of soil erosion intensity were mainly distributed in the coal mining area, gully areas and areas around river channels and were of high spatial hetergeneous. 2) During 2014-2019, soil erosion rates of the whole mining area and the subsidence area changed between seasons. Slight and light erosion mostly occurred in spring and autumn, while erosion rate in winter was close to 0, and highest erosion rates occurred in summer . This demonstrated that soil erosion control should be primarily undertaken in Summer in the Binchang mining area. 3) Erosion rates in the Binchang mining area were significantly positively correlated with precipitation (P<0.01), while that in the subsidence area was significantly positively correlated with precipitation, height of subsidence, and vegetation cover (P<0.01). Precipitation was the main influencing factor of soil erosion in the Binchang mining area, while the surface subsidence caused by coal mining exacerbated soil erosion. Erosion rates also varied with changes in height of subsidence. This study revealed that the spatial pattern of erosion rates in the coal mining area and its relation with environmental change, which provided a useful reference for erosion control and ecological restoration in the coal mining area of the Loess Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University is the property of Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Geoscience is the property of Natural Gas Geoscience and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics is the property of Piezoelectric & Acoustooptic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nankai Business Review is the property of Nankai Business Review Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Medical University: Natural Sciences is the property of Journal of Nanjing Medicial University (NMU) Medical Publications Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics is the property of Piezoelectric & Acoustooptic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Geoscience is the property of Natural Gas Geoscience and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: As an important component of plant nitrogenase, nitrate reductase and human enzyme prosthetic groups, Mo plays an important role in maintaining plant growth and development, and human health. A previous study showed that total molybdenum in soil was mainly restricted by soil parent material and soil type, and effective molybdenum was mainly affected by total molybdenum content, soil texture, pH value and organic matter ( Liu Peng, 2001; Wei Minghui, 2020; Xia Yan, 2021). The Huaibei Plain in Anhui Province is located in the molybdenum deficient soil area of the North China Plain. At present, there is a lack of systematic research on the molybdenum content and its driving factors in the soil in this area. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the distribution of soil molybdenum content and its influencing factors in agricultural land for scientific fertilization and improvement of soil molybdenum availability. OBJECTIVES: To study the content and spatial distribution characteristics of total molybdenum and available molybdenum in different types of soil, and deeply analyze the main factors restricting the distribution characteristics of total molybdenum and available molybdenum in surface soil and put forward scientific suggestions for scientific fertilization of soil and improvement of soil molybdenum availability. METHODS: When the crops were mature, surface soil samples with a depth of 0-20cm were collected, and the sampling density was one sample / km² . The contents of total molybdenum, available molybdenum, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, phosphorus, manganese, organic matter and pH value in soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry ( ICP - MS ), inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry ( ICP - OES ) and other methods. The content and spatial distribution characteristics of total molybdenum and available molybdenum in soil were studied by using statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and other methods, and the main factors restricting the distribution characteristics of total molybdenum and available molybdenum in soil were analyzed and revealed. RESULTS: The contents of total molybdenum and available molybdenum in lime concretion black soil were mainly deficient, and the proportion of total molybdenum and available molybdenum deficiency in soil was 93. 3% and 87. 3%, respectively. The correlation coefficients of total molybdenum content with pH value, manganese, iron oxide, phosphorus, and silicon and aluminum ratio (i. e. the ratio of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide content in the soil) in lime concretion black soil were 0. 268, 0. 213, 0. 189, 0. 153 and - 0. 199 respectively, and the correlation coefficients of available molybdenum in lime concretion black soil with pH value and organic matter were -0. 310 and 0. 117, respectively. The proportion of slightly deficient, moderate, and slightly enriched total molybdenum content in fluvo - aquic soil was 31. 2%, 28. 4% and 21. 1% respectively, and the correlation coefficients of total molybdenum content with manganese, phosphorus and organic matter in fluvo-aquic soil were 0. 611, 0. 330 and 0. 205 respectively. The proportion of soil area lacking available molybdenum content in fluvoaquic soil was 86. 2%, and the correlation coefficient between total molybdenum and available molybdenum content in fluvo-aquic soil was 0. 166. CONCLUSIONS: The low content of total molybdenum in lime concretion black soil was mainly affected by soil pH, manganese, iron oxide, phosphorus, and silicon and aluminum ratio. The pH value and organic matter are important factors that restrict the low content of available molybdenum in lime concretion black soil. The content of total molybdenum in fluvo-aquic soil was significantly related to manganese, phosphorus and organic matter. The low content of total molybdenum was an important factor for the deficiency of available molybdenum in fluvo-aquic soil. It is suggested that scientific fertilization should be carried out by comprehensively considering the content of available molybdenum in soil and its main limiting factors, in which organic fertilizer should be applied to the lime concretion black, and molybdenum fertilizer should be applied reasonably to the fluvo-aquic soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Signal Processing is the property of Journal of Signal Processing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics is the property of Piezoelectric & Acoustooptic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rill erosion has been widely recognized as one of the most important forms of soil erosion on hillslopes. A crucial impact of rill erosion can be also posed on other erosion processes in downslope areas (e.g. gully head retreat). Morphological parameters of rills can provide useful indicators for the initiation and development of rill erosion. Previous studies have investigated the rill morphology in the erosion-deposition processes of hillslopes. However, those experiments were mainly taken in the laboratory. The physiochemical properties of backfill soil used in laboratory experiments are rather different from those of the natural soil in the field. The representative experiments were largely confined to the field erosion processes. It is necessary to explore the rill morphology associated with the erosion processes in the field. In this study, a series of field scouring experiments were conducted to determine the morphological development of rills under the hillslope erosion in the hilly and gully Loess Plateau. Five erosion plots were established on a natural slope of a small catchment (i.e. Xindiangou catchment), particularly with the input flow of hillslopes of 25, 40, 55, 70, and 85 L/min. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) was employed to acquire the ultra-high terrain information prior to the test. The various morphological parameters of rills were then derived, including the geometric indicators (length, width, and depth of cross sections), derived indicators (the ratio of width to depth, rill density, rill cleavage, and average rill depth), fractal dimension, bifurcation ratio, and geomorphic information entropy. A systematic investigation was also made to determine the effects of indicative morphological parameters on the cumulative erosion and deposition mass, as well as the sediment yield in the hillslope erosion. Results showed that: 1) The width and depth of the cross-sectional rills, the average rill depth and rill cleavage increased as the experiment progressed under all the flow conditions. The width-depth ratio was greatly varied in the input flow rate. The rills were primarily wide and shallow under the low flow condition (25 L/min), while narrow and deep under the moderately low (40 L/min) and high flow (85 L/min) conditions. There was a great change between the narrow-deep and wide-shallow manner under the moderate (55 L/min) and moderately-high (70 L/min) flow conditions. 2) The fractal dimension of rills was found to change slightly under the low flow condition, whereas, there was a considerable change under the rest of the input flow condition. The bifurcation ratio of rills increased under the moderate flow condition, while decreasing under the rest flow condition. Furthermore, the geomorphic information entropy varied significantly under the different flow conditions. However, there was the same change trend of geomorphological information entropy and sediment yield, indicating the dynamic changes of soil erosion. 3) The average rill length, the average depth of cross sections, and the derived average rill depth served as better indicators for the cumulative deposition mass, erosion mass, and sediment yield under the moderately low flow condition. The derived average rill depth was also for the cumulative erosion mass and cumulative sediment yield under the low flow condition. The average width of cross sections, average depth of cross sections, and derived average rill depth better indicated the cumulative erosion mass under the moderately high flow condition. In addition, there was a less significant relationship between the rill morphological parameters and cumulative erosion mass, deposition mass, and sediment yield, as the input flow increased. The finding can provide a strong reference to enhance the current understanding of the processes and mechanisms of hillslope erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Chinese Loess Plateau has been suffering from soil erosion that is mostly severe across the world. Since soil and water conservation is an emerging discipline, a serious shortage of historic measurements largely constrained an in-depth understanding on the spatial-temporal pattern and driving mechanisms of erosion in the region. In order to address the shortage of historic erosion rates and to provide data and method support to erosion process study and the implementation of and soil and water conservation, Loess Plateau erosion rates between 1901 and 2016 were, for the first time, assessed by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation ( RUSLE) at a 1 km spatial resolution in the study. The measured sediment yield in 22 tributaries of the Yellow River with little human interventions was used to validate the RUSLE results. The modeling results were found to be satisfactory, demonstrating RUSLE was capable of modeling erosion across the Loess Plateau. Based on the modeled erosion rates, spatial patterns of erosion rates over a century scale were studied, while the driving mechanisms of erosion rates for different periods were also investigated. The results demonstrate that two breaking points are found in the average erosion rates of the Loess Plateau during 1901-2016, which are around 1924 and 1981. Average erosion rate and eroded area of the Loess Plateau are dramatically increased from the 1930s to the 1970s, and the average erosion rate is decreased from the 1980s to the first decade of the 21st century, reaching the historic low during the 2000s. Finally, the average erosion rate is slightly rebounded during 2010-2016. Human activities and cli-mate condition ( particularly precipitation) are primary erosion driving factors, while the policy is a fundamental driving factor. Extensive de-forestation and farming, driven by population increase, are the primary reason for the erosion increase between the 1930s and 1970s, while soil conservation engineering and re-vegetation lead to the erosion reduction since the 1980s. Hilly—gully region and gullied region are found to be mostly eroded areas on the Loess Plateau and thus the key regions for soil erosion control. Given that extreme rainfall events are likely to become more and more frequent under the global climate change, the innovative soil and water conservation strategy is urgently needed to achieve a strengthened supervision, more effective maintenance, higher standards, and improved capacity of controlling soil loss during extreme rainfall events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)