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For station-based bike-sharing systems, the balance between user demand and bike allocation is critical for the operation. As a basic operational index, the short-term prediction of bike numbers (flow) plays an important role in demand forecasting and rebalancing resources of bike-sharing networks. Many different methods have been proposed for bike forecast in recent years, and the deep learning (DL)-based models have dominated this area because of their competitive performance. However, there still exist challenges in such approaches including: (i) how to appropriately select the training input for the DL model, and (ii) how to effectively utilize both the temporal and spatial features in the data for prediction. In particular, the arbitrary input may limit the model optimization, and the separate consideration of temporal and spatial features could change the original data representation. This paper uses a simple autocorrelation function to select the best input candidates and develops a three-dimensional (3 D) residual neural network to learn spatiotemporal features simultaneously. The proposed DL model is trained and validated using two separate bike-sharing datasets from New York and Suzhou cities. The learned features by two-dimensional (2 D) and 3 D CNN kernels under different input methods are compared. Results show that 3 D CNN outperforms other models and that the proposed input selection method yields better learning results for both datasets. The proposed methods help with a comprehensive DL model workflow and better forecasting accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate socioeconomic factors related to COVID-19 mortality rates in New York City (NYC) to understand the connections between socioeconomic variables, including race and income and the disease. Design/methodology/approach: Using multivariable negative binomial regression, the association between health and mortality disparities related to COVID-19 and socioeconomic conditions is evaluated. The authors obtained ZIP code-level data from the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and the US Census Bureau. Findings: This study concludes that the mortality rate rises in areas with a higher proportion of Hispanic and Black residents, whereas areas with higher income rates had lower mortality associated with COVID-19, among over 18,000 confirmed deaths in NYC. Originality/value: The paper highlights the impacts of social, racial and wealth disparities in mortality rates. It brings to focus the importance of targeted policies regarding these disparities to alleviate health inequality among marginalized communities and to reduce disease mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of an efficient techno‐economic autonomous fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) is a crucial challenge. This paper investigates the design of a near optimal PI controller for an automated FCHEV, where autonomy is expressed as efficient and robust tracking of a given reference speed trajectory without driver's intervention. An impartial comparison is introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed metaheuristic‐based optimal controllers in enhancing the system dynamic performance. The comprehensive optimization performance indicator is considered as a function of the vehicle dynamic characteristics while determining the optimal controller gains. In this paper, the proposed effective up‐to‐date metaheuristic techniques are the grey wolf optimization (GWO) as well as the artificial bee colony (ABC). Using MATLABTM/Simulink, numerical simulations clearly illustrate the efficiency of near‐optimal gains in the optimized tuning methodologies and the fixed manual one in realizing adequate velocity tracking. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of both ABC and GWO rather than the manual controller for driving cycles of high acceleration and deceleration levels. In absence of these latter, the manual defined gain controller is considered sufficient. Through a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, the robustness of both metaheuristic‐based controllers is verified under diverse driving cycles of different operation features and nature. Despite GWO results in better dynamic characteristics, the ABC provides more economical feature with about 1.5% compared to manual system in extra urban driving cycle. However, manual‐controller has the minimum fuel cost under the United States driving cycle developed by the environmental protection agency as a New York city cycle (US EPA NYCC) and urban driving cycle (ECE). Ecologically, electric vehicles have an environmentally friendly effect especially when driven with green hydrogen. Autonomous vehicles, involving velocity control systems, would raise car share and provide more comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay exploring a particular pietà iconography in the work of Darrel Ellis, related to the art world context of his life in 80s New York City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the publication of the issue paper "Nurses' Involvement in Nursing Home Culture Change: Overcoming Barriers, Advancing Opportunities" by the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing at the New York University College of Nursing, Coalition for Geriatric Nursing Organizations and Pioneer Network. The issue paper provides advice on how nurses can develop their professional competencies. Moreover, it discusses cultural change.

This section provides information on research papers that were presented during the seventh biennial Human Resource Planning Society (HRPS) Research Symposium entitled Positioning the Human Resource Function for the 21st Century, held at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, on June 10 to 13, 1997. The first track concerned the investment in human capital to build competitive advantage. One of the initial papers, An Empirical Study of High Performance Work Systems: Implications for Practitioners, was presented by R. Beatty and A. Varma. Its emphasis was on efforts to achieve a fit between information, technology, people, and work. The results indicate that the better the fit, the higher the likelihood of a successful high-performance work system. M. H. Overholt, T. C. Harrington, and D. F. Lopez continued this theme in their paper, entitled Feeding the Strategic Partnering Mind: The Impact of Organizational Design on Behavior. Four companies were studied in-depth, using an organization behavior database. The empirical findings support the conclusion that organizations must be aligned and congruent to maximize competitive advantage. They must be flexible, shifting design and subsequently employee behavior to implement changing strategies in a tumultuous market.

The article presents the authors' insights concerning the 2006 Interdisciplinary Contest in Modeling in West Point, New York. She emphasizes that the interdisciplinary modeling problem was aimed at encouraging each team to deal successfully with some of the concerns within the comparatively narrower context of directing HIV/AIDS worldwide. She relates that the activity encourages each team to make models for the United Nations in managing the resources usable for addressing the pandemic.

Community and international development practitioners are increasingly adopting a food systems approach to research, planning, and intervention. This paper examines such an approach as part of the COVID-19 response of the Food Systems Dialogues (FSDs), a global effort facilitating multistakeholder interchange to build support for food systems transformations. The FSDs' pandemic response involved redesigning the in-person global dialogue process for online delivery in localized settings. This paper documents how the online FSDs in New York's Hudson Valley allowed local systems actors to share their experience mid-shock, as the system responded to the pandemic, and revealed FSDs' ability to quickly adopt a systems orientation and thus take the first steps toward transforming food systems. It also highlights where new research is needed in food systems approaches to development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles Dickens's 1859 serial "Hunted Down" was the first work by Dickens initially published in the U.S. and later in the U.K. "Hunted Down" was published in Robert Edwin Bonner's New York Ledger, the most popular U.S. story paper of the mid-nineteenth century. In this article, I examine the anglophone press's sensationalization of "Hunted Down's" publication and what this reveals about nineteenth-century print culture. "Hunted Down," I argue, resists correlative cultural links between a publication's monetary value and its intrinsic literary value, i.e., its quality, length, word count, originality, and creativity. Bonner's publication of Dickens's story was momentous in the anglophone press because it broke away from the nineteenth-century publishing norm of unauthorized reprints, generating a global conversation concerning the value of periodical fiction. In the cultural imagination of newspaper readers, "Hunted Down's" resistance to print-culture norms became more important than the serial itself. Examining the anglophone press's sensationalization of "Hunted Down's" publication offers scholars a look at how the literary market place and international copyright law shaped literary taste and value in the mid-nineteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal erosion occurring all over the world is a disastrous coastal geological phenomenon. It can be caused by many natural factors such as wind and waves. Hurricane Sandy made landfall on the east coast of the United States at the end of October 2012 and caused severe damage to the economy and ecological environment. In this paper, we employ the ground-based LiDAR which has higher spatial resolution to observe the coastal change detection at Fire Island, New York where the place is severely affected. The research showed that sediment accumulation occurred away from the coast, up to 2.9 meters, erosion close to the coast, up to 9 meters. The total volume of the study area decreased by 78160.96 cubic meters. The coastline retreated by 32.86 meters on average. In addition, a website has been designed to record coastal erosion anytime and anywhere. We hope this study will help people better understand the impact of hurricanes on coastal erosion, enhance our awareness of environmental protection, and provide scientific information for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a dynamic model of profit maximization for a car-sharing system, taking into consideration the geographical and economic characteristics of a region. To solve the model construction task, a technique to cover the region with geometric shapes has been described. It was established that when modeling a car-sharing system, it is rational to cover a region with a grid of equal regular hexagons located side to side. For each subregion, quantitative parameters were calculated: the number of free cars in the subregions, the probability of a car traveling from one sub-region to another, the cost of maintenance and operation of the car, and the income from the trip. This takes into consideration the dynamic nature of the specified parameters. Based on these parameters, an objective function is constructed including constraints for the dynamic model. These constraints take into consideration the economic and geographical features of each subregion. A dynamic profit maximization model was built for the car-sharing system in the city of New York (USA) based on the TCL dataset. To calculate the parameters of the model, data on 776,285,070 trips over the period from January 2016 to July 2021 were used. Maps of the beginning and completion of trips in the region and a map of trips tied to hexagonal grid cells using the Kepler visualization service have been built. The frameworks H3 and S2 were analyzed in terms of determining the length of the route between the subregions. Modeling was carried out according to the built unidirectional dynamic model of profit maximization. It has been established that taking into consideration the average economic and geographical characteristics of a region makes it possible to increase the profit of the car-sharing system by 12.36 %. Accounting for the dynamics of economic and geographical features of the region of customers in the model makes it possible to increase profits by an additional 4.18 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting the bike demand can help rebalance the bikes and improve the service quality of a bike-sharing system. A lot of works focus on predicting the bike demand for all the stations, which is unnecessary as the travel cost of rebalance operations increases sharply as the number of stations increases. In this paper, we propose a framework for predicting the hourly bike demand based on the central stations we define. Firstly, we propose Two-Stage Station Clustering Algorithm to assign central stations and common stations into each cluster. Secondly, we propose a hierarchical prediction model to predict the hourly bike demand for every cluster and each central station progressively. Thirdly, we use a well-studied queuing model to determine the target initial inventory for each central station. The most innovative contribution of this paper is proposing the concept of central station, the use of a novel algorithm to cluster the central stations and present a hierarchical model, containing the Time and Weather Similarity Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm and a linear model to predict the bike demand for central stations. The experimental results on the New York citi bike system demonstrate that our proposed method is more accurate than other methods in solving existing problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agency of interpreters has been kept out of view in human geography. This paper corrects this by focusing on embodied interpretation: bodies, freighted with their own relations, expectations, and experiences in the context of "emotionscapes," settings for emotional communication. Conceptually, "emotionscapes" enable the exploration of the potentiality of an emotion in its spatial setting. Emotionally expressive behaviour is a process of the emotion; a potentiality to be realised. Emotions are distinctively connected to specific sites and spaces. This potentiality shifts the analytical focus away from what emotion is to what emotion can do to the alteration or reproduction of relations. I argue that this is vitally important to understanding geopolitical exchange, that is, how global politics is made and remade. However, the potentiality of emotions is made more complicated when interpretive bodies are involved in geopolitical exchange. They are intrinsic to the relational fluxes, currents, and flows of emotion – its potentialities – they identify and relay emotionally laden language of others for others in geopolitical communication. They observe, relay, and mutate emotional potentiality in "emotionscapes." In doing so, they wrestle with more than just words. They seek to capture emotions and geopolitics between real‐life people in real places. Understanding their endeavour should challenge us therefore to [re]consider geopolitical exchange in "emotionscapes" and the mediatory and performative roles played by interpretive bodies in these spaces of geopolitical knowledge production. This is my key purpose in this paper. Underpinning the paper's conceptual ideas are qualitative data on the role of interpretive bodies in realising emotional potentialities in the "emotionscape" of the UN Security Council in New York, arguably the most high‐profile geopolitical institution. This paper provides a study of emotions and their capture in the UN Security Council through the new conceptual lens of "emotionscapes." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to coverings by translative homothets and illuminations of convex bodies. For a given positive number \alpha and a convex body B, g_{\alpha }(B) is the infimum of \alpha-powers of finitely many homothety coefficients less than 1 such that there is a covering of B by translative homothets with these coefficients. h_{\alpha }(B) is the minimal number of directions such that the boundary of B can be illuminated by this number of directions except for a subset whose Hausdorff dimension is less than \alpha. In this paper, we prove that g_{\alpha }(B)\leq h_{\alpha }(B), find upper and lower bounds for both numbers, and discuss several general conjectures. In particular, we show that h_{\alpha } (B) > 2^{d-\alpha } for almost all \alpha and d when B is the d-dimensional cube, thus disproving the conjecture from Brass, Moser, and Pach [ Research problems in discrete geometry , Springer, New York, 2005]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I analyze cases of Mexican families in New York, which have experienced exceptional upward mobility while being headed by long-term undocumented immigrants. The focus is on Familia Arias, from Tlaxcala. They are part of a larger group of families who I identified in an amateur football team based in New York. I explain that some of these families are exceptional because out of 53 family-households headed by undocumented or DACA immigrants from Mexico in New York City and Long Island, only half a dozen reported an annual family income above $70,000 USD. Along the paper I explain how individual and group factors in each case combine to promote this upward socio-economic mobility. These mechanisms or processes that promote mobility for long term unauthorized immigrants, strongly interacting around amateur football teams, include (i) transferring binational labour skills, (ii) long-time tenure in jobs or prosperous self-employment, and (iii) positive intra-family dynamics. Stories such as the ones of Marcela and Claudio Arias are part of 92 individual ethnographic cases I developed and collected between the fall of 2014 and the summer of 2017 in two urban counties – the Bronx and Queens – and suburban towns in Suffolk County, Long Island. Almost all of these cases were incorporated into the Mexican Initiative for Deferred Action project, initiated in the summer of 2015, which includes other areas, regions, and counties in New York State and the metro area (screening over 1,700 individuals). The 92 cases studied and developed are mainly short biographies, labour and migratory trajectories of foreign-born Mexicans, most of them unauthorized immigrants, who have been living in New York for an average of 17 years with an estimated median family-household income of $43,000 USD annually. Fútbol, for participants in Queen, in New York City, was a key activity to develop strong local networks in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an alternative feminist understanding of maintenance by investigating the artistic practices and lived experiences of feminist artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles (b. 1939). Our main theoretical and empirical focus lies on maintenance, and we show how art and motherhood as productive connection points proffer different ways of perceiving, understanding, and practicing maintenance. By contextualizing our case within the historical backdrop of New York between the late 1960s and 1980s, we demonstrate how Ukeles's maintenance art proposes novel ways of perceiving the value of maintenance, from the maintenance performed by mothers to considerations of the broader societal implications of maintenance. Such alternative political understanding aligns with critiques of postfeminist societal discourse. We contend that Ukeles's art inspires a political shift in our thinking about maintenance, where maintenance is valued not solely for its indispensable and utilitarian attributes but also it's relational, emotional, and embodied qualities. This nuanced understanding requests visibility for maintenance and foregrounds “more‐than‐I,” agency, and continuity of life, thereby acknowledging the inherent value of the political dimensions of maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we introduce the Intensive Mobile Treatment (IMT) model, which arose from a 2016 New York City initiative to engage individuals who were "falling through the cracks" of the mental health, housing, and criminal justice systems. People who are referred to IMT often have extensive histories of trauma. They experience structural racism and discrimination within systems and thus can present as distrustful of treatment teams. We detail the structure of the program as we practice it at our non-profit agency and outline the psychodynamic concepts that inform our work with challenging populations. We acknowledge IMT's role in engaging in advocacy and addressing social justice in our work. We also discuss how through this model we are able to both mitigate and tolerate risk in participants with difficult-to-manage behaviors. This is typically a long-term, non-linear process. We address how this impacts the team dynamic as a whole and explain how with long-term, trusting therapeutic relationships, participants can change and grow over time. We also explain the ways in which our non-billing model plays an integral role in the treatment we are able to provide and identify several challenges and areas for program growth. In outlining our model and its methodology, we hope to empower other practitioners to adapt IMT to other settings beyond the New York City area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: More than 20 million children in the United States lack access to primary health care. Practice Learning: Research shows that students with regular access to physical and mental health services have fewer absences, are more social, less likely to participate in risky behaviors, have improved focus and higher test scores. Implication For School Health Policy, Practice, And Equity: School‐based health centers (SBHCs) can be an important, valuable and viable health care delivery option to meet the full‐range of primary health care needs of students where they spend the majority of their wake hours, ie, in school. Children in rural and other underserved communities, as well as those underinsured, non‐insured, economically challenged, underserved, and the most vulnerable among us are especially at risk. Conclusions: This paper discusses the history, value, and importance of SBHCs from myriad perspectives, including physical and emotional wellbeing, academic and social success, and the promotion of a positive transition to adulthood. In addition, the authors' experiences that resulted in building the first SBHC in the Mid‐Hudson Valley Region of New York State are shared. These experiences form the foundation for creating an important roadmap for individuals and school leaders that are interested in bringing a SBHC to their school and district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choice of legal structures is a key decision that social enterprises make early in their lives. The range of options now includes not only the traditional for-profit and non-profit structures, but also the new hybrid structures. Viewing legal structures primarily as 'governance mechanisms to support the mission', the current social enterprise literature regards 'mission' as the normative basis for legal structure choices. Empirical work in the non-profit and social enterprise literatures, however, surfaces another salient, yet under-theorised concern driving legal structure choices, namely resources. In this paper, we aim to develop resource dependence perspectives as an alternate theoretical lens to understand legal structure choices. In this study of 14 New York based socio-tech enterprises, we uncover how, in an interplay of resource needs, autonomy and legitimacy concerns, legal structures emerge as strategic tools to attract the external resource providers that the social enterprises want to form resource relations with and avoid the ones they are wary of. Our findings contribute to advancing the notion of legal structures as a 'vehicle for resource mobilisation', and to lay the foundations for a resource dependent framework to examine social enterprise legal structure choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a taken-for-granted institutional form, shelters for unhoused New Yorkers, through the neo-institutional lens of institutional inertia and critical case study methodology. It focuses on the external shock of COVID-19, NYC's use of unoccupied hotels for social distancing, and the return to shelters when COVID waned. For guidance, we examine other instances of interrupted institutional inertia following shocks. Using Lewin's force field analysis, we explore why changes to some institutional forms amidst COVID persisted while novel approaches to shelter dissipated. We conclude that directly involving unhoused people in the design and implementation of homeless services may improve outcomes. Human service professionals share a body of knowledge and assumptions – a kind of echo chamber that amplifies and confirms beliefs. It is important to look beyond traditional and familiar models of service delivery to find alternative ideas and approaches that may be effective. Returning to Kurt Lewin's concept of force fields provides opportunities to think effectively and holistically about how to modify or change services, policies, and organizations. People served by human services – those with lived experiences – possess unique expertise that can inform organizational decisions and planning in new and helpful ways. As practitioners, we need to find ways to be more inclusive of the perspectives and ideas of those our programs serve through participatory methods of planning, decision making, and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper suggests looking at veganism as a set of knowledge that produces and reproduces habitual food practices and changes in semiotic habits and the meanings attached to foods. A semiotic analysis of veganism as a system of knowledge suggests its being a translated text that recognizes scientific and medical knowledge and the non-vegan alimentary system. However, it reconfigures them by communicating a series of signs whose meanings reverse those suggested by omnivores. The identification of signs that constitute the vegan knowledge enables me to look at veganism as complex system, in which syntagmatic and associative relationships are not fully determined (Barthes [1984]. Elements of Semiology. New York: Hill and Wang). Although contesting the essentiality of animal-based foods, vegan meals suggest two overlapping approaches to meals. In one, the plant-based protein serves as the centrepiece of the meal, imitating conventional meals. The other offers an alternative meal structure, in which syntagmatic relations are constructed as a sequence of daily meals, each consisting of an aggregation of simultaneously served dishes out of which diners construct their own repast, thus broadening the scope of associative relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Early detection is important for timely intervention. This paper assesses the ability of a machine learning screening tool (MUST‐Plus) implemented in registered dietitian (RD) workflow to identify malnourished patients early in the hospital stay and to improve the diagnosis and documentation rate of malnutrition. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a large, urban health system in New York City comprising six hospitals serving a diverse patient population. The study included all patients aged ≥ 18 years, who were not admitted for COVID‐19 and had a length of stay of ≤ 30 days. Results: Of the 7736 hospitalisations that met the inclusion criteria, 1947 (25.2%) were identified as being malnourished by MUST‐Plus‐assisted RD evaluations. The lag between admission and diagnosis improved with MUST‐Plus implementation. The usability of the tool output by RDs exceeded 90%, showing good acceptance by users. When compared pre‐/post‐implementation, the rate of both diagnoses and documentation of malnutrition showed improvement. Conclusion: MUST‐Plus, a machine learning‐based screening tool, shows great promise as a malnutrition screening tool for hospitalised patients when used in conjunction with adequate RD staffing and training about the tool. It performed well across multiple measures and settings. Other health systems can use their electronic health record data to develop, test and implement similar machine learning‐based processes to improve malnutrition screening and facilitate timely intervention. Key points/Highlights: Malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalised patients and frequently goes unrecognised, with the potential for severe sequelae. Accurate diagnosis, documentation and treatment of malnutrition have the potential of having a positive impact on morbidity rate, mortality rate, length of inpatient stay, readmission rate and hospital revenue. The tool's successful application highlights its potential to optimise malnutrition screening in healthcare systems, offering potential benefits for patient outcomes and hospital finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2022, a New York civil court concluded that a polyamorous partner should not be automatically excluded from noneviction protection (O'Neill). The decision was hailed as particularly groundbreaking and a 'game changer'. On the other side of the globe, the New Zealand Supreme Court concluded that polyamorous unions could be entitled to the same property-sharing regime as couples. Upon closer examination, the two decisions use function-based modes of recognition to confer similar protections upon the polyamorous union. However, this paper will illustrate some of the limitations inherent in this approach. At present, functional recognition exhibits a continued attachment to the traditional marital family; this aspect, combined with the unique complexity of polyamorous arrangements, renders this route to legal recognition potentially inappropriate. The decisions examined either fail to understand the nature of the arrangement or choose to distort it in order to make polyamory legally intelligible. Both decisions are emblematic of a broader difficulty of functional recognition to provide answers to the legal demands of this type of relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the past two decades of cannabis legalization, the prevalence of medical cannabis (MC) use has increased and there has also been an upward trend in alcohol consumption. As less restricted cannabis laws generate more adult cannabis users, there is concern that more individuals may be simultaneously using medical cannabis with alcohol. A few studies have examined simultaneous use of medical cannabis with alcohol, but none of those studies also assessed patients' current or previous non-medical cannabis use. This paper explores simultaneous alcohol and medical cannabis use among medical cannabis patients with a specific focus on previous history of cannabis use and current non-medical cannabis use. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of MC patients (N = 319) from four dispensaries located in New York. Bivariate chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression are used to estimate the extent to which sociodemographic and other factors were associated with simultaneous use. Results: Approximately 29% of the sample engaged in simultaneous use and a large share of these users report previous (44%) or current (66%) use of cannabis for non-medical purposes. MC patients who either previously or currently use cannabis non-medicinally, men, and patients using MC to treat a pain-related condition, were significantly more likely to report simultaneous alcohol/MC use. Conclusions: Findings indicate that there may be differential risks related to alcohol/MC use, which should be considered by cannabis regulatory policies and prevention/treatment programs. If patients are using cannabis and/or alcohol to manage pain, clinicians should screen for both alcohol and cannabis use risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a long time, I have been interested in belonging: in how we are forced but also need to belong in communities, in how collective identifications form our subjective identities, in how belonging is the subject-matter of our very sense of self. I have also been interested in un-belonging, in what happens to us when we are refused or choose to refuse a collective affiliation, in the dynamic of alienation, betrayal and freedom that ensues. The paper delves into these themes by journeying through the landscape of my own difficult belonging in the land where I was born: Israel-Palestine, sunk these days in a state of catastrophic war; my experience of belonging as it is being negotiated in my own analysis, carried over the phone between Tel Aviv and New York. It is a personal-theoretical postcard from a place of existential crisis but also hope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The Communication Disorders and Nursing Programs conducted a pilot study to examine the value of peer review as an educational strategy to improve graduate student writing and understanding of course assignments. PARTICIPANTS: Graduate students enrolled in a communication disorders diagnostic process course, a health policy course, or a philosophical foundations course (N=120). METHODS: Students participated as a peer reviewer for their final assignment. The reviewer read the draft assignment and provided comments. Additionally, nursing students read their papers out loud to the peer reviewer. Students submitted their draft assignment to their professor. The nursing drafts were graded. Students revised and submitted the final assignment for a grade. Students completed a questionnaire at the end of the course to provide feedback about the value of peer review. RESULTS: A 65% response rate was obtained. Students (89.9%) felt that the draft was helpful, the partner was helpful (70.9%), and 78.5% incorporated the suggestions of the peer reviewer. Overall, grades improved from the draft version to the final version for each assignment. CONCLUSION: The pilot study showed that peer review was an effective educational strategy to improve student grades and conceptual understanding of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media has become an integral aspect of most people's everyday lives. It is no surprise that many have weaponized social media, using it as a tool to spread their own hateful and intolerant views. The evolution of social media has allowed those views to permeate society and cause destruction. Regulating these sites is a highly debated topic in modern politics and the current system in place leaves much to be desired. This paper analyzes a recent law enacted in New York State, which calls upon social media companies to offer more stringent and transparent policies in regard to hate speech on their platforms. The paper concludes, after a review of other states' laws and its own constitutional analysis, that the law in its current state is unconstitutional. This critique is supplemented with potential adjustments for policymakers in New York to consider implementing to construct a constitutionally viable law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper estimates the causal impacts of workers' compensation income benefits on workers' health and welfare outcomes. Using claims data from 2004 to 2016, I explore the variation in benefits due to a reform of New York workers' compensation that increased the maximum weekly benefits. I find that a $77 increase in the weekly benefits led to an additional 3.4 days off work. Medical utilization did not increase. Each extra day off work decreased the reinjury likelihood by 2.9%. The current benefit level in New York is close to optimal in balancing payer cost and worker health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Problem definition: This study addresses three important questions concerning personalized healthcare: (1) Are outcome differences between hospitals heterogeneous across patients with different features? (2) If they are, how do the best quality hospitals identified using patient-centric information differ from those identified using population-average information? (3) How much will hospitals' pay-for-performance reimbursements change if their performance is measured based on patient-centric information? Methodology/results: Using patient-level data from 35 hospitals for six cardiovascular surgeries in New York State, we identify patient groups that exhibit significant differences in outcomes with a recently developed instrumental variable tree approach. We find outcome differences between hospitals are heterogeneous not only across procedure types, but also along other dimensions such as patient age and comorbidities. For around 80% of patients, the best quality hospitals indicated by patient-centric information are different from those indicated as best according to population-average information. Managerial implications: We compare potential outcomes when patients are treated at the best quality hospitals based on the two types of information and find complications could be reduced by using patient-centric information instead of population-average information. We also use our model to illustrate how patient-centric information can enhance pay-for-performance programs offered by payers and guide hospitals in targeting quality-improvement efforts. History: This paper was a finalist in the 2017 MSOM Student Paper Competition. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1227. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For people experiencing homelessness, the ability to move between and within communities is an important aspect of achieving stability and improving overall well-being. However, people experiencing homelessness are often transportation disadvantaged, which creates barriers to health management, housing, employment, and social service connections. This paper draws on qualitative interviews with frontline homeless service providers (N=21) in a large, geographically diverse region of New York State to explore the impact of transportation disadvantage on mobility, service use, and exiting homelessness. Findings center on how the housing process often necessitates significant mobility (e.g., moving between communities or counties) and how a lack of transportation access limits the mobility necessary for gaining stability. The findings illustrate the insurmountable nature of transportation disadvantage in many communities and how this disadvantage continues and even worsens once a person is housed. Implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In bike-sharing systems, the inventory level is defined as the daily number of bicycles required to optimally meet the demand. Estimating these values is a major challenge for bike-sharing operators, as biased inventory levels lead to a reduced quality of service at best and a loss of customers and system failure at worst. This paper focuses on using machine learning (ML) classifiers, most notably random forest and gradient tree boosting, for estimating the inventory level from available features including historical data. However, while similar approaches adopted in the context of bike sharing assume the data to be well-balanced, this assumption is not met in the case of the inventory problem. Indeed, as the demand for bike sharing is sparse, datasets become biased toward low demand values, and systematic errors emerge. Thus, we propose to include a new iterative resampling procedure in the classification problem to deal with imbalanced datasets. The proposed model, tested on the real-world data of the Citi Bike operator in New York, allows to (i) provide upper-bound and lower-bound values for the bike-sharing inventory problem, accurately predicting both predominant and rare demand values; (ii) capture the main features that characterize the different demand classes; and (iii) work in a day-to-day framework. Finally, successful bike-sharing systems grow rapidly, opening new stations every year. In addition to changes in the mobility demand, an additional problem is that we cannot use historical information to predict inventory levels for new stations. Therefore, we test the capability of our model to predict inventory levels when historical data is not available, with a specific focus on stations that were not available for training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Genomic studies of Legacy African Americans have a tangled and convoluted history in western science. In this review paper, core issues affecting African American genomic studies are addressed and two case studies, the New York African Burial Ground and the Gullah Geechee peoples, are presented to highlight the current status of genomic research among Africa Americans. Methods: To investigate our target population's core issues, a metadatabase derived from 22 publicly accessible databases were reviewed, evaluated, and synthesized to identify the core bioethical issues prevalent during the centuries of the African American presence in North America. The sequence of metadatabase development included 5 steps: identification of information, record screening and retention of topic relevant information, identification of eligibility via synthesis for concept identifications, and inclusion of studies used for conceptual summaries and studies used for genetic and genomic summaries. To these data we added our emic perspectives and specific insights from our case studies. Results: Overall, there is a paucity of existing research on underrepresent African American genomic diversity. In every category of genomic testing (i.e., diagnostic, clinical predictive, pharmacogenomic, direct-to-consumer, and tumor testing), African Americans are disproportionately underrepresented compared to European Americans. The first of our case studies is from the New York African Burial Ground Project where genomic studies of grave soil derived aDNA yields insights into the causes of death of 17th and 18th Century African Americans. In the second of our case studies, research among the Gullah Geechee people of the Carolina Lowcountry reveals a connection between genomic studies and health disparities. Discussion: African Americans have historically borne the brunt of the earliest biomedical studies used to generate and refine primitive concepts in genetics. As exploited victims these investigations, African American men, women, and children were subjected to an ethics-free western science. Now that bioethical safeguards have been added, underrepresented and marginalized people who were once the convenient targets of western science, are now excluded from its health-related benefits. Recommendations to enhance the inclusion of African Americans in global genomic databases and clinical trials should include the following: emphasis on the connection of inclusion to advances in precision medicine, emphasis on the relevance of inclusion to fundamental questions in human evolutionary biology, emphasis on the historical relevance of inclusion for Legacy African Americans, emphasis on the ability of inclusion to foster expanded scientific expertise in the target population, ethical engagement with their descendants, and increase the number of science researchers from these communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about how portrayals of American unity (i.e. "we're all in this together") have been received by essential workers on the front lines of the COVID risk divide, and how the pandemic may have contributed to perceptions of class inequality among lower-income workers. In this paper, we draw upon 192 in-depth interviews with precarious and gig-based workers in New York City. We find that during the height of the first wave of the pandemic, precarious workers often expressed frustration over class-based inequalities and antagonism toward elites. Many respondents expressed significant skepticism toward messages that the pandemic has brought Americans together. Instead, workers identified two distinct, class-based realities in New York: elite Americans are able to socially-distance in "mansions," or on "yachts," while precarious workers struggled to weather the storm in "dinghies." Likewise, workers felt "abandoned" by wealthy owners and managers, who fled the city to socially-distanced homes in beach communities and surrounding suburbs. Our findings suggest that low-wage, high-risk workers articulate complex conceptualizations of inequality and convey grievances toward elites during the pandemic. This study contributes to broader literature on perceived inequality, the rise of noxious work, and the social consequences of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Violence involving firearms in the USA is a very important problem. As a consequence, a large number of crimes of this type are recorded every year. However, the solutions proposed have not managed to reduce the number of this type of crime. One of the cities with a large number of violent crimes is New York City. The number of crimes is not homogeneous and depends on the district where they occur. This paper proposes to study the information about the crimes in which firearms are involved with the aim of characterizing the factors on which the occurrence of this type of crime depends, such as the levels of poverty and culture. Since the districts are not homogeneous, the information has been analyzed at the district level. For this, data from the open data portal of the city of New York have been used and machine-learning techniques have been used. The results have shown that the variables on which they depend are different in each district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work proposes a method for the intelligent deployment of distributed flexible AC transmission system (D-FACTS) devices. In recent years, in the field of moving target defense (MTD) strategies to detect coordinated cyber–physical attacks (CCPAs), establishing how to deploy D-FACTS devices has become an important research point. Although some research results have been proposed, the obtained deployment solutions are unintelligent due to not carefully considering smart attackers' behaviors. A method for achieving the intelligent deployment of D-FACTS devices is proposed in this paper. First, the basic concept of corrupting CCPAs is summarized; second, based on considering practical constraints and the basic concept, a protected transmission line set is confirmed; and third, a zero-sum game model is formulated, and a robust Nash equilibrium solution is computed. Due to the game's characteristics, this solution reflects the smart attackers' sense of action. Relying on the solution, those lines that are most likely to be tripped form a new protected transmission line set. Finally, a comprehensive algorithm using a metric proposed in previous studies is proposed for finding an intelligent solution for the deployment of D-FACTS devices. We validated our results through extensive simulations using IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, and 118-bus power systems provided by MATPOWER and the real-world load profiles from New York State. Our work, in tracking the targets that attackers are most likely to attack, opens up new ideas for the intelligent deployment of D-FACTS devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent work on algorithmic bias has shown that understanding the values embedded in technology design processes is important for avoiding social harm. This paper explores the attitudes construed in whitepapers of blockchain technology start-ups. Blockchain technology is a relatively new phenomenon that has informed discourses about the future of governance and economics in relation to the internet. This study aims to understand the values discursively construed in the whitepapers of four blockchain start-ups: Steemit, Creativechain, Democracy Earth, and Bitnation. It adopts a corpus linguistics approach, and uses the Appraisal framework (Martin, J. R., and P. R. R. White. 2005. The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. New York: Palgrave Macmillan) to analyse the evaluative meanings expressed in the whitepaper dataset. This analysis reveals that the blockchain start-ups manifest shared values around the concepts of decentralisation, trust in algorithms, and trust in individuals over institutions. The start-ups enact different political orientations, expressing ideals related to the digital commons, cyber-libertarianism, and capitalism. The corpus-based linguistic analysis used in this study offers a method that may be applicable to other areas of technology discourse where whitepapers and design documents tend to embed covert political and ideological positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strong hurricane winds damage power grids and cause cascading power failures. Statistical and machine learning models have been proposed to predict the extent of power disruptions due to hurricanes. Existing outage models use inputs including power system information, environmental parameters, and demographic parameters. This paper reviews the existing power outage models, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Existing models were developed and validated with data from a few utility companies and regions, limiting the extent of their applicability across geographies and hurricane events. Instead, we train and validate these existing outage models using power outages from multiple regions and hurricanes, including hurricanes Harvey (2017), Michael (2018), and Isaias (2020), in 1910 US cities. The dataset includes outages from 39 utility companies in Texas, 5 in Florida, 5 in New Jersey, and 11 in New York. We discuss the limited ability of state-of-the-art machine learning models to (1) make bounded outage predictions, (2) extrapolate predictions to high winds, and (3) account for physics-informed outage uncertainties at low and high winds. For example, we observe that existing models can predict outages higher than the number of customers (in 19.8 % of cities with an average overprediction ratio of 5.2) and cannot capture well the outage variance for high winds, especially above 70 m s -1. Our findings suggest that further developments are needed for power outage models for proper representation of hurricane-induced outages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On June 7th, 2019, Layleen Xtravaganza Cubilette-Polanco, a transgender woman from New York, died at Rikers Island while in solitary confinement. According to officials from the Department of Corrections, Layleen's death was a result of a series of interrelated health problems.. Trans, queer, and gender non-conforming people, especially youth of colour and Black trans women, face heightened rates of homelessness, violent victimisation, barriers to housing, employment, and healthcare. These social conditions are tied to heightened engagement in survival sex work, over-policing, and surveillance of their communities. As a result, Trans and queer people are disproportionately impacted by mass incarceration, and must contend with the nexus of a system that functions on racist and colonial legal construction of gender, making carceral spaces sites of (in)visibility and death. The death of Trans people within these carceral spaces are followed by multiple discursive deaths, including the use of dead names in media, misgendering, and transphobic political debate. This paper aims to highlight and explore carceral settings as sites of death and (in)visbility for Trans and queer people and how reframing allows us to identify how (neo)liberal reforms meant to protect Trans people only entrench mass incarceration in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from an ethnography, this paper evaluates the motivations of Black American and Black immigrant parents when selecting high schools for their millennial teenage children in a segregated city and suburbs of New York. Black middle class parents encounter racial exclusion in the areas of work and residence. However, more research is needed to understand how they negotiate segregated schools. Analysis of interviews with 60 Black middle class parents suggests that choosing schools reveals parents' strategies of intergenerational mobility for their Black children. Urban parents believed that contact with a racially diverse student body was a key indicator of school quality. Black American suburban parents who chose their local school exhibited faith in the curricular diversity of public schools, while immigrant parents believed in the superiority of a private school education. This pattern exacerbated the economic vulnerability of immigrant families who pay high tuition costs in an already high tax suburbs. These findings demonstrate how racial inequity, class precarity, culture and space shape how Black families navigate the moving target of educating their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores ideas about the role of the school principal embedded in New York State education policy. Many public schools across the state fail to deliver equitable opportunities and outcomes for an increasingly diverse student population and improving school leadership offers the potential for substantial returns. Drawing on concepts of role identity, organisational coherence, and leadership for equity, I use an interpretive approach to examine how conflicting and ambiguous expectations for principal behaviour in New York's Every Student Succeeds Act Plan, its Culturally Responsive-Sustaining Education Framework, and its approach to principal evaluations might endanger realisation of a principal's moral commitment to educational and social justice. I conclude with recommendations for state policy and future research with the aim of supporting principals to navigate the complexity of their role and lead to organisational coherence around equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New York City faces accelerating inundation risk from sea level rise, subsidence, and increasing storm intensity from natural and anthropogenic causes. Here we calculate a previously unquantified contribution to subsidence from the cumulative mass and downward pressure exerted by the built environment of the city. We enforce that load distribution in a multiphysics finite element model to calculate expected subsidence. Complex surface geology requires multiple rheological soil models to be applied; clay rich soils and artificial fill are calculated to have the highest post‐construction subsidence as compared with more elastic soils. Minimum and maximum calculated building subsidence ranges from 0 to 600 mm depending on soil/rock physical parameters and foundation modes. We compare modeled subsidence and surface geology to observed subsidence rates from satellite data (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Positioning System). The comparison is complicated because the urban load has accumulated across a much longer period than measured subsidence rates, and there are multiple causes of subsidence. Geodetic measurements show a mean subsidence rate of 1–2 mm/year across the city that is consistent with regional post‐glacial deformation, though we find some areas of significantly greater subsidence rates. Some of this deformation is consistent with internal consolidation of artificial fill and other soft sediment that may be exacerbated by recent building loads, though there are many possible causes. New York is emblematic of growing coastal cities all over the world that are observed to be subsiding (Wu et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL098477), meaning there is a shared global challenge of mitigation against a growing inundation hazard. Plain Language Summary: As coastal cities grow globally, the combination of construction densification and sea level rise imply increasing inundation hazard. The point of the paper is to raise awareness that every additional high‐rise building constructed at coastal, river, or lakefront settings could contribute to future flood risk, and that mitigation strategies may need to be included. The subsidence mapping concept helps to quantify the hazard and adds specificity to soil types and conditions. We present satellite data that show that the city is sinking 1–2 mm/tr with some areas subsiding much faster. Key Points: More than 8 million people live in New York City, which is observed to be sinking 1–2 mm/year, while sea level risesWe calculate the mass of all buildings in New York City and model the subsidence caused by the pressure they exert on the EarthWe show detailed images of observed subsidence in New York City from satellite data [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

He proposes that India should articulate its Africa policy through a White Paper, set up an Africa advisory group and a network of India-Africa think tanks. While the focus is on the relationship in recent years, the author takes a quick peep into the history of India-Africa relations mainly to re-emphasize the point that India-Africa relations are not new and go back centuries. India's partnership with Africa has come into the limelight in recent years. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the life and work of the nineteenth-century French-American artist Victor Prevost. While Prevost's name is familiar to photography historians, the diversity of his artistic accomplishments has not been fully appreciated. An artist celebrated for work in several mediums, Prevost was already making large-format calotypes in 1851 while living in New York City. He was also responsible for innovations in telescopic photography, joining with astronomers at the West Point Military Academy in 1854 to capture a solar eclipse on paper. This paper seeks to broaden knowledge of Prevost's life and work as a commercial artist in New York during the nineteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent years, communities invested in transformative food politics in the United States have seen the framework food justice become widely accepted as a core framework for anti-racist practice. Critical food scholars often recognize food justice in practices that: underwrite coalitions and solidarities across difference, tend to collective and historical trauma, and expand land-based political imaginations. This paper argues that abolitionist thought can position these elements within in a relational, historical framework that enables organizers to name the underlying racial capitalist logics of food apartheid—including the destruction of Black, Indigenous, and poor peoples' senses of place, and white supremacy culture's dehumanization of people who fall outside the norms of liberal individualism—in order build strategic alliances with those who struggle against other manifestations of the same logics, including mass incarceration. Citing work at the intersection of food and carceral justice in New York's Hudson Valley, this paper humbly affirms what abolitionist organizers already know: that life is possible and is already flourishing well outside of racial capitalism and settler colonialism's death dealing logics. Abolitionist thought may be an essential tool for strengthening our relationships to and analyses of food and food justice, such that we may organize more effectively to end food apartheid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the kernel-based approximation of a multivariate periodic function by interpolation at the points of an integration lattice—a setting that, as pointed out by Zeng et al. (Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2004, Springer, New York, 2006) and Zeng et al. (Constr. Approx. 30: 529–555, 2009), allows fast evaluation by fast Fourier transform, so avoiding the need for a linear solver. The main contribution of the paper is the application to the approximation problem for uncertainty quantification of elliptic partial differential equations, with the diffusion coefficient given by a random field that is periodic in the stochastic variables, in the model proposed recently by Kaarnioja et al. (SIAM J Numer Anal 58(2): 1068–1091, 2020). The paper gives a full error analysis, and full details of the construction of lattices needed to ensure a good (but inevitably not optimal) rate of convergence and an error bound independent of dimension. Numerical experiments support the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The origin of happiness arouses people's curiosity for a long time. Recent research introduces a utility theory for measuring subjective happiness in a social context. The past recent monetary conditions influence the present subjective happiness through two distinct channels: interpersonal comparison and self-adaptation. In this paper, we develop this theory to analyze behavioral patterns. Together with prospect theory's gain-loss utility function, we exploit the theory in predicting psychological phenomena of craving. We explore the relationships between happiness and earnings. Under certain conditions, a high payoff disappoints you immediately and even leads to continuous disappointment across periods. We extend the explanations of the scenarios of New York cabdrivers' labor-supply decisions. The effect of social comparisons may trigger workers' behaviors of quit-working, which deepen related understandings of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1970s gave voice to a number of female Jewish authors who subverted stereotypes of Jewish women through the creation of complex, deeply funny Jewish female protagonists that reimagined and celebrated Jewish femininity. This paper considers Gail Parent's Sheila Levine Is Dead and Living in New York (1972), Louise Blecher Rose's The Launching of Barbara Fabrikant (1974), and Susan Lukas's Fat Emily (1974), three novels that repurpose the "Jewish American Princess" (JAP) stereotype to empower the Jewish daughter and to dismantle the image of young Jewish femininity previously set forth by male authors like Philip Roth. This paper contextualizes and analyzes each of the three novels in conversation with Letty Cottin Pogrebin's conception of the "Jewish Big Mouth" and Nathan Abrams's definition of the "New JAP with Attitude," ultimately making the argument that the Jewish female protagonists in these novels were simultaneously progressive in their clear articulation of active female Jewish voices in American popular fiction and conservative in their reliance on mid-century tropes about JAPs and "Jewish Ugly Ducklings." In doing so, these novels act as a bridge between the mid-century images of young Jewish femininity perpetuated by authors like Roth and the more nuanced, female-driven representations of Jewish women seen in contemporary popular culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction introduced by Gross, Hacking and Keel in (Several Complex Variables (Springer, New York, NY, 1976))allows one to construct a formal mirror family to a pair (S,D) where S is a smooth rational projective surface and D a certain type of Weil divisor supporting an ample or anti-ample class. In that paper, they proved two convergence results when the intersection matrix of D is not negative semi-definite and when the matrix is negative definite. In the original version of that paper, they claimed that if the intersection matrix were negative semi-definite, then family extends over an analytic neighbourhood of the origin but gave an incorrect proof. In this paper, we correct this error. We reduce the construction of the mirror to such a surface to calculating certain log Gromov--Witten invariants. We then relate these invariants to the invariants of a new space where we can find explicit formulae for the invariants. From this we deduce analytic convergence of the mirror family, at least when the original surface has an I4 fibre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]