Search

Smartphones have become indispensable computational tools. However, some tasks can be difficult to perform on a smartphone because these devices have small displays. Here, we explore methods for augmenting the display of a smartphone, or other PDA, using interactive paper. Specifically, we present a prototype interface that enables a user to interactively interrogate technical drawings using an Anoto-based smartpen and a PDA. Our software system, called PaperCAD, enables users to query geometric information from CAD drawings printed on Anoto dot-patterned paper. For example, the user can measure a distance by drawing a dimension arrow. The system provides output to the user via a smartpen's audio speaker and the dynamic video display of a PDA. The user can select either verbose or concise audio feedback, and the PDA displays a video image of the portion of the drawing near the pen tip. The project entails advances in the interpretation of pen input, such as a method that uses contextual information to interpret ambiguous dimensions and a technique that uses a hiddenMarkov model to correct interpretation errors in handwritten equations. Results of a user study suggest that our user interface design and interpretation techniques are effective and that users are highly satisfied with the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article calls on individuals to submit research papers addressing issues about implementing mobile multimedia communications over heterogeneous infrastructure for realizing next-generation networking and computing. The cited topics include new emerging multimedia applications and architectures like wireless sensor system for video surveillance, video communication over next-generation networks, and emerging technologies for multimedia communications. Instructions on how to submit a research paper are also given.

The article discusses various reports published within the issue concerning business-to-consumer mobile business.

To enhance the reliability of UAV-to-Ground data transmission in SC-FDE, this study proposes a combined MMSE equalization and LDPC-RS concatenated code approach, utilizing source redundancy to mitigate errors in low-elevation G2A communication. The proposed coding scheme combines a binary LDPC code as the outer code and an improved RS code as the inner code, resulting in improved resistance to burst and random errors. To address the coding aspect, this paper designs a coding table using RS coding as the underlying logic, enabling efficient coding. For decoding, a decoding scheme based on the minimum Euclidean distance criterion is devised, enabling high-performance decoding. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed LDPC-RS concatenated coding scheme significantly enhances the performance of the communication system, thereby offering considerable potential for application in UAV video transmission systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the fundamental principles of UWB and CRS technologies have been presented, and the approach of these systems in recent research focuses on the efficient use of RF resources. UWB systems are an alternative with great scientific support for identifying spectral gaps and allocating RF dynamics in the CRS. Microstrip planar antennas for UWB and CRS systems have been mentioned as practical alternatives for implementing the radio interfaces of these complex systems, as will be proposed in this work. The need for the most efficient use of available spectral resources is the starting point for understanding the growing interest in emerging mobile communications systems. The coexistence of several wireless systems in a limited frequency band and the increasing demand for applications that require high transmission rates have needed new strategies for managing and allocating RF resources. In this sense, UWB and CRS technologies have been presented as promising improvements in the use of radiofrequency resources. This paper presents the fundamental principles of UWB and CRS technologies, emphasizing microstrip planar antennas, whose application has been successfully proven in recent research over the last few decades, as will be exposed in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an introduction to a special double-issue of Internet Histories journal on 'Asian Internet Histories'. As the editors, we provide context and discussion of the exciting emerging work on Asian Internet histories, and identifies challenges ahead. We suggest that the histories of Asian Internet stand to make a precious and shape-shifting contribution to our understanding of the Internet and its evolution –– as well as ways in which its futures are being framed and approached in the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems offer various functionalities to support an organization's core functions. However, many anticipated benefits often need to materialize due to business context changes and users' high expectations. Continuous adaptation and improvement are necessary to address user disappointments. This research focuses on ERP systems, exploring key factors influencing the success of their implementation. Recognizing challenges in ERP system implementation, this study provides a comprehensive literature review, identifying essential and contemporary Critical Success Factors (CSFs) influenced by technological advancements. Addressing challenges specific to the wood industry, this research introduces additional industry-adapted CSFs, including industry adaptability, integration with production machinery, effective warehouse management, and supply chain tracking. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the need for continuous adaptation and improvement of ERP systems, especially in light of current trends and technological achievements. This study recommends a holistic approach, considering traditional or essential CSFs while adapting to new trends. Critical success factors in ERP implementation in the next decade involve considering cloud technology, artificial intelligence and machine learning, data security, mobile access, IoT integration, user experience, and training. The main objective of this paper is to identify the latest CSFs in ERP implementation. This research highlights essential success factors in ERP implementation, and contemporary trends in ERP implementation with a particular focus on the specifics of wood industry. While organizations should aim to maximize the potential of ERP systems, they should also acknowledge the crucial role played by human intervention in the effective and responsible implementation of artificial intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultra-Reliable and Low-latency Communication (URLLC) is one of the three major characteristics of 5G mobile communication systems, and mobility enhancement is a key technology to achieve ultra-high reliability and low-latency characteristics. The 5G for Railways (5G-R) network also has those requirements, to provide reliable connectivity and enhanced performance for safe and efficient railways. During the high-speed operation of trains, the user equipment (UE) needs to continuously handover between adjacent cells. This paper mainly discusses the application scenarios of three functions of the mobility enhancement technology, conditional handover, dual active protocol stack and fast handover failure recovery, in the 5G-R network. According to the working mechanism of these three functions and the characteristics of the 5G-R network coverage model, this paper believes that the dual active protocol stack and fast handover failure recovery have good application value in reducing service interruption delay and ensuring train operation safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of microstrip passive components for energy harvesting and 5G applications. The paper covers the structure, fabrication, and performance of various microstrip passive components such as filters, couplers, diplexers, and triplexers. The size and performance of several 5G and energy harvester microstrip passive devices are compared and discussed. The review highlights the importance of these components in enabling efficient energy harvesting and high-speed communication in 5G networks. In addition, the paper discusses the latest advancements in microstrip technology and identifies key research challenges and future directions in this field. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and engineers working on microstrip passive components for energy harvesting and 5G applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the dynamic landscape of vehicular communication systems, connected vehicles (CVs) present unprecedented capabilities in perception, cooperation, and, notably, probability of collision management. This paper's main concern is the collision probability of collision estimation. Achieving effective collision estimation heavily relies on the sensor perception of obstacles and a critical collision probability prediction system. This paper is dedicated to refining the estimation of collision probability through the intentional integration of CV communications, with a specific focus on the collective perception of connected vehicles. The primary objective is to enhance the understanding of the potential probability of collisions in the surrounding environment by harnessing the collective insights gathered through inter-vehicular communication and collaboration. This improvement enables a superior anticipation capacity for both the driving system and the human driver, thereby enhancing road safety. Furthermore, the incorporation of extended perception strategies holds the potential for more accurate collision probability estimation, providing the driving system or human driver with increased time to react and make informed decisions, further fortifying road safety measures. The results underscore a significant enhancement in collision probability awareness, as connected vehicles collectively contribute to a more comprehensive collision probability landscape. Consequently, this heightened collective collision probability perception improves the anticipation capacity of both the driving system and the human driver, contributing to an elevated level of road safety. For future work, the exploration of our extended perception techniques to achieve real-time probability of collision estimation is proposed. Such endeavors aim to drive the development of robust and anticipatory autonomous driving systems that truly harness the benefits of connected vehicle technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing energy efficiency, content distribution, latency, and transmission speeds are vital components of communication systems. Multiple access methods hold great promise for boosting these performance indicators. This manuscript evaluates the effectiveness of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) systems within a single cell, where users are scattered randomly and rely on relays for dependability. This paper presents a model for improving energy efficiency, content distribution, latency, and transmission speeds in communication systems using NOMA and OMA systems within a single cell. Additionally, this paper also proposes a caching strategy using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as aerial base stations for ground users. These UAVs distribute cached content to minimize the overall latency of content demands from ground users while modifying their positions. We carried out simulations using various cache capacities and user counts linked to their respective UAVs. Furthermore, we evaluated OMA and NOMA in terms of the achievable rate and energy efficiency. The proposed model has achieved noteworthy enhancement across various scenarios including different sum rates, numbers of mobility users, diverse cache sizes, and amounts of power allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While technological advancements and their deep integration in connected and automated vehicles is a central aspect in the evolving trend of automotive industry, they also depict a growing size attack surface for malicious actors: the latter ones typically aim at exploiting known and unknown security vulnerabilities, with potentially disastrous consequences on the safety of vehicles, people, and infrastructures. In recent years, remarkable efforts have been spent to mitigate security vulnerabilities in intelligent and connected vehicles, in particular in the inside of vehicles, the so-called intra-vehicle networks. Despite those efforts, securing intra-vehicle networks remains a non-trivial task due to their heterogeneous and increasingly complex context. Starting from the above remarks and motivated by the industrial research and innovation project EMERGE, in this paper we report on a novel cryptographic hardware-software solution that we have designed and developed for securing the intra-vehicle network of intelligent connected vehicles: the Crypto-Engine. The Crypto-Engine relies on a lightweight hybrid-key cryptographic scheme to provide confidentiality and authentication without compromising the normal communication performance. We tested the Crypto-Engine and demonstrated that, once configured according to application-defined performance requirements, it can authenticate parties and secure the communications with a negligible overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a transition‐limited pulse‐amplitude modulation (TLPAM) signaling method to enable a high data rate and robust wireline communications. TLPAM signaling addresses the impact of high intersymbol interference (ISI) ratios in conventional M‐ary PAM signaling methods by limiting the maximum voltage transition level between adjacent symbols. The implementation of a TLPAM signaling encoder is realized by setting back the most significant bits (MSBs) in the queue. The correlation between TLPAM's maximum transition level, effective data rate, and eye width/height is analyzed with various channel loss parameters, followed by characterization and measurement results with a realistic channel setup. The analysis and experimental results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed TLPAM signaling scheme for achieving a high data rate with minimal interference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient bandwidth utilisation is significant in new communication systems where secondary users can be used besides primary users considering interference issues and idle state of primary users. Using secondary users as relays to transmit their own signals in addition to the primary signals can be applied for more reliability of the system where opportunistic relay selection can significantly enhance the performance of the system. The best-condition secondary user is selected as the optimum relay for retransmission of primary/secondary signal. Outage probability is analysed in this paper based on decode and forward technique in secondary users while the closed-form statement for outage probability is provided and verified by numerical evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, Internet of Things (IoT) has provided intelligent interactions between sensors, smart devices, actuators, and cloud-based applications to ease human life. Currently, IoT-based connectivity management systems use computer-assisted learning methods to increase learning level and better understanding of the curriculums for students in universities, schools and research centers. On the other hand, virtual connectivity management systems are applied to facilitate teaching and learning methods under taken of pandemic effects. Because, data mining methods have important effect to enhancement and navigate IoT-based connectivity management systems, this paper presents a technical analysis on Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches for connectivity management systems in IoT environments. This paper provides a comprehensive perspective on vehicular communication systems, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) methods and Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) environments that have evaluated using machine learning, fuzzy logic and intelligent algorithms. Also, applied evaluation metrics to predict and detect efficient connectivity methods, succeed learning models and enhancement of IoT-based connectivity management systems are discussed and analyzed for existing AI approaches. Finally, new research directions and emerging challenges are outlined to improve the performance of advanced IoT-based connectivity management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore Machine Learning-based traffic prediction in 5G networks using the QualNet simulator and the Spatio-Temporal Long Short-Term Memory (STLSTM) model. The study evaluated the performance of the STLSTM model by comparing it with other models such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The evaluation metrics used for the simulation experiments included Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, end-to-end delay, and jitter. The results showed that the STLSTM model outperformed the other models in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R-squared, and achieved improved accuracy in predicting traffic in 5G networks. The findings of this study can help network operators to effectively manage traffic and optimize network performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the dynamic external Home Agent (x-HA) assignment in mobile Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). The proposed architecture is based on the mobile VPN proposed by the IETF, which adopts Mobile IP and IPsec. The IETF solution, however, leads to two questions: where should we put the x-HA and how should we trust the x-HA? We propose to assign the x-HA dynamically so the handoff latency and end-to-end latency could be reduced significantly. By using Diameter Mobile IPv4 application, we also propose a technique such that the x-HA can be associated with the VPN securely. In addition, the registrations with x-HA and internal HA (i-HA) are concurrently accomplished. The proposed technique has been implemented in a mobile VPN testbed. Performance analysis based on empirical experiments is discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a solution framework for Mobile IPv6 to anticipate movement over IEEE 802.11 networks. Layer 2 triggers such as the signal strength is used to trigger in advance scanning phases, in which a mobile device probes the adjacent access points. This scanning phase is performed alternatively with communication. Sufficient Layer 3 information is conveyed in Layer 2 frames, which allows a mobile device to identify both its next Layer 2 and Layer 3 point of attachment. Simulation results show that this method performs well and enhance both the Layer 2 and the Layer 3 handover. The impact of handovers on real-time application is also considerably minimized. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The validity of the mobility model used to evaluate a cellular network determines the validity of the evaluation. In the literature, unrealistic assumptions on mobility are exercised for the sake of simplicity. In this paper, we present a novel mobility model which is realistic in the sense that it captures the moving-in-groups, conscious traveling and inertial behaviours of the subscribers while respecting the non-pass-through feature of structures like households and preserving the autonomy of the subscribers. The mobility and call patterns of the subscribers are determined according to the locus of the subscriber over a real map. Thus, our model allows the subscribers to leave home or arrive home, walk or drive in the streets, get on the highways at specific entry points together with numerous hot and blind spots in the terrain, like city centers and lakes. The call pattern of a subscriber is affected by the type of structure he is in. The model can work on real maps to simulate the mobility patterns in real life. We have evaluated the proposed model against the well-known way point mobility model. We also analyzed the effect of the mobility model on systems with and without guard channels. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]