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Introduction: Treatment of severe pancreatic injuries is usually surgical resection; however, preserving the organ should be a priority. The objective of this study was to propose an alternative primary suturing approach to pancreatic transfixant injuries and to describe the early outcomes of patients treated at a level 1 Trauma Center. Methods: Descriptive study of patients with pancreatic trauma surgically treated at our institution between 2012 and 2022. Clinical characteristics, severity according to the AAST classification, clinical outcomes, and mortality were analyzed. Results: 107 patients were included, 84% men, with median age of 25 years (IQR 19-32) and ISS of 25 (IQR 13-41). 82% (n=89) had penetrating trauma. Pancreatic lesions were grade I in 32 (30%) patients, grade II in 43 (40%), grade III in 28 (26%), grade IV in 3 (3%), and grade V in 1 (1%). Primary suturing was performed in 44 (41%) patients and pancreatectomy in 15 (14%). The incidence of of postoperative fistula among patients treated with suture was 33.3% (n=4) and 43% (n=6) with pancreatectomy. One pancreatectomy patient presented with diabetes at discharge (1%). In-hospital mortality rate was 10.2% (n=11). Conclusion: Management of pancreatic trauma with primary suturing is a viable and safe option. In our cohort, the organ was preserved in almost half of the patients with severe injuries, without increasing the rate of fistulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasia of the pancreas, also known as Frantz tumor, is a rare pathology, comprising less than 3% of pancreatic tumors, and the highest incidence is observed in young women between the second and third decades of life. Its etiology is unknown. The treatment of choice is surgical resection without lymphadenectomy when it is well located. Even when there is evidence of metastasis or local invasion, surgical management remains the treatment of choice. Clinical case. A 24-year-old woman presented with a palpable, painful abdominal mass of three weeks' duration. The computed tomography mentioned a tumor of pancreatic origin as a presumptive diagnosis. At laparotomy, a mass dependent on the body of the pancreas was found. Radical distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and en bloc partial omentectomy was performed. Results. During the surgery there were no complications and until the sixth month of follow-up, the evolution was adequate and without tumor recurrence. Conclusions. In the presence of an abdominal mass, with pancreatic involvement documented by computed tomography, the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasia of the pancreas, or Frantz tumor, should be considered, which must be treated surgically. Frantz tumor is a rare entity that is generally diagnosed incidentally or due to nonspecific symptoms in advanced stages. The diagnosis and management of this neoplasia represents a challenge and surgical resection continues to be the indicated treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Splenunculus has been described with an overall incidence of 10 to 30%. It can be an entity of congenital or acquired origin, it is frequently associated with abdominal trauma or a history of splenectomy for various reasons. Clinical case. Middle-aged woman, with a history of abdominal trauma and splenectomy due to traumatic rupture, who 30 years later presents with abdominal pain. Imaging studies identified a solid intrapancreatic mass. Results. She was taken to OR for distal pancreatectomy. The histological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed that the pancreatic mass corresponded to an acquired intrapancreatic splenunculus, associated with the previous traumatic event. Conclusion. Splenuncles usually constitute an "incidentaloma". Imaging studies are limited, since computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography present similar imaging characteristics with hypervascularized pancreatic tumors, so histopathological study must be included during their evaluation. This entity should be included in the differential diagnoses, with greater emphasis on those patients with a history of abdominal trauma and associated splenectomy, a scenario in which this lesion can simulate a solid neoplasm of the pancreas, with malignant characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El tumor pseudopapilar de páncreas, conocido como tumor de Frantz, es excepcional; comprende entre el 0.2 y 2.7% de los carcinomas de páncreas. Su etiología es desconocida y predomina en mujeres jóvenes. Son tumores de bajo potencial maligno, que cursan asintomáticos y dan síntomas por compresión regional: dolor gravativo y/o masa abdominal palpable. La probabilidad de una forma definidamente maligna es de 15%. Anatómicamente se localizan con mayor frecuencia en la cola del páncreas, seguido por la cabeza y el cuerpo. El tratamiento es la resección quirúrgica y su pronóstico es excelente, con sobrevida a 5 años de casi 100%. El diagnóstico es anátomo-patológico, considerando el aspecto microscópico y el perfil inmunohistoquímico. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 21 años, en la cual se realizó una cirugía de excéresis completa del tumor y que se mantiene a asintomática a 24 meses de operada.

Introduction: total pancreatectomy is an uncommon intervention, with not clearly defined indications and non-standardized postoperative results. Case report: a 37-year-old black male patient with a history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and chronic gastritis and a habitual drinker who attended in emergency in the Guard Corps due to anepigastric pain while drinking alcoholic beverages was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio" Hospital with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His evolution was not favorable, an abdominal ultrasonogram and a multi-slice computerized axial tomography were performed and it was found that the pancreas had increased in all its extension and that there was free liquid in the cavity. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and it was observed that there was free dark liquid and remains of pancreatic tissue. Conclusion: the first case of total pancreatectomy in the province is described, with satisfactory results in its clinical evolution.

Se presentan 2 casos de nesidioblastosis con impresión diagnóstica prequirúrgica de insulinoma. Sigue siendo imposible diferenciar el diagnóstico de nesidioblastosis del de insulinoma mediante el estudio clínico y las pruebas bioquímicas e imaginológicas disponibles. De acuerdo con la revisión de la literatura y con la experiencia personal, se recomienda como tratamiento la pancreatectomía de por lo menos el 85% del páncreas. La principal complicación es la diabetes secundaria que puede ser tratada satisfactoriamente con insulina exógena.

El tumor quístico y papilar del páncreas (TQPP), es una rara entidad, pero que cada vez se describe con más frecuencia. con un comportamiento notoriamente benigno. sin la tendencia a dar metástasis o a invadir localmente, características que sí se aprecian en el adenocarcinoma. Este tumor se encuentra más frecuentemente en mujeres jóvenes, y su curso es indoloro en la mayoría de los casos. a pesar de presentarse en forma de grandes masas. En la literatura se han descrito aproximadamente unos 300 casos de esta variedad de tumor, entre ellos también en nuestro medio. En el presente estudio se evaluaron 5 pacientes con TQPP, todos ellos mujeres. entre 24 y 42 años (promedio 29 años). La ubicación en el páncreas se distribuyó así: 1 en la cabeza.2 en el cuerpo y 2 en la cola. El tamaño promedio de estas lesiones fue de 6 x 5 cm y la presentación más frecuente fue la de masa indolora (3 de 5 pacientes). El patrón histológico encontrado describe papilas. así como células epiteliales aisladas con apariencia monomórfica, núcleos esféricos, nucléolos poco prominentes así como áreas con patrones sólidos. trabeculares y/o quísticos. Se practicó 1 pancreatectomía total y 4 pancreatectomías distales. con buena evolución postoperatoria. Como hecho destacable, una de ellas al momento de la cirugía presentaba 18 semanas de gestación (primer caso descrito en la literatura), la cual continuó sin contratiempos. Otra paciente presentaba dos lesiones hepáticas las cuales se extirparon en el mismo acto operatorio y correspondieron a hiperplasia nodular focal. Se enfatiza en estas neoplasias poco comunes, el papel curativo de la cirugía, dado su bajo potencial maligno, lo que se asocia a una baja morbilidad y una larga sobrevida.

Los tumores quísticos del páncreas son poco comunes; constituyen solamente entre el 10 y el 15% de todos los quistes pancreáticos, y e11% de las lesiones malignas, según D. Johnson y cols. El desarrollo de la imaginología ha permitido que su diagnóstico se haga cada vez con mayor frecuencia. Hay disminución en la morbimortalidad de los procedimientos quirúrgicos (pancreatectomías) ya que los realizan grupos quirúrgicos de experiencia en centros de referencia. Estos tumores comparten algunas características comunes, como ser poco frecuentes, indolentes, tener algún potencial maligno y ser curables cuando se tratan adecuadamente. Se presentan en forma resumida 4 casos clínicos de tumores quísticos del páncreas tratados quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Universitario del Valle en la ciudad de Cali, y se hace una revisión del tema.

Presentado en sesión de 12 de setiembre de 1951

Introducción. En las hernias paraesofágicas tipo IV se produce la herniación del estómago junto a otros órganos abdominales. La herniación del páncreas es muy infrecuente. Caso clínico. Varón de 57 años que acude por dolor torácico, disnea e intolerancia al decúbito. En la tomografía computarizada toracoabdominal se observa hernia diafragmática que contiene colon transverso, intestino delgado y páncreas, con reticulación de la grasa alrededor del mismo, compatible con pancreatitis aguda. Conclusión. La asociación de hernia hiatal con páncreas herniado y pancreatitis es extremadamente infrecuente. El diagnóstico se estableció mediante tomografía computarizada y el tratamiento fue conservador, con cirugía diferida de la hernia de hiato.

BACKGROUND: Among the causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults, nesidioblastosis accounts for 7%. CLINICAL CASE: A 43-year-old female patient with a history of diabetes mellitus and primary arterial hypertension that began with hypoglycaemia that persisted for 5 months; insulin was suspended. Patient was hospitalized due to generalized tonic-clonic seizure and hypoglycaemia of 10 mg/dL, fasting test was performed with hypoglycemia at 8 h of 65 mg/dL, insulin 14.2 μUI/mL and peptide C 2.52 ng/mL; she was referred at the third level hospital, where nuclear magnetic resonance and selective intra-arterial pancreatic stimulation were performed with inconclusive results. In the medical surgical session it was decided to perform distal pancretectomy. Histopathological report was of islet cell hyperplasia of Langerhans, immunohistochemistry: chromogranin A +, synaptophysin +, neuronal enolase +, CD 56 + and Ki67 < 1%. CONCLUSIONS: Nesidioblastosis in adults is a rare disease with an increased incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: total pancreatectomy is an uncommon intervention, with not clearly defined indications and non-standardized postoperative results. Case report: a 37-year-old black male patient with a history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and chronic gastritis and a habitual drinker who attended in emergency in the Guard Corps due to anepigastric pain while drinking alcoholic beverages was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio" Hospital with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His evolution was not favorable, an abdominal ultrasonogram and a multi-slice computerized axial tomography were performed and it was found that the pancreas had increased in all its extension and that there was free liquid in the cavity. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and it was observed that there was free dark liquid and remains of pancreatic tissue. Conclusion: the first case of total pancreatectomy in the province is described, with satisfactory results in its clinical evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas (MCNP) are variable types of tumors, which predominantly affect women (90-95 %), and usually appear incidentally in the 5th to 7th decade of life. They are generally solitary lesions, with no involvement of the main pancreatic duct, rarely symptomatic and are associated with malignancy (10 % to 40 %). The aim of this manuscript was to report a case of giant mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas surgically treated and review the existing evidence regarding its morphological, therapeutic and prognosis characteristics. Patient: A 29-year-old woman with a slightly symptomatic abdominal mass. The diagnosis was verified with ultrasound, computed axial tomography and magnetic nuclear resonance. The patient underwent surgery; an uneventful corporocaudal pancreatectomy with splenic preservation was performed. She was discharged on the fifth day, and has evolved adequately, without postoperative complications. MCNP is a complex lesion, which can be associated with malignancy, but the preoperative diagnosis of malignancy cannot be established with certainty. Its prognosis depends on early diagnosis and timely treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: el tronco venoso gastrocólico, según lo descrito por Henle en 1868 se forma de la confluencia de las venas gastroepiploica derecha, cólica derecha y pancreático duodenal anteroinferior. Su localización y conocimiento anatómico es de importancia quirúrgica en la movilización duodeno pancreática y colo-epiploica. Material y métodos: se utilizaron 13 cadáveres formolados, adultos, de ambos sexos. Se registró: formación del tronco venoso gastrocólico, calibre de los afluentes y del tronco, distancias entre: cuello del páncreas y borde superior del duodeno III, vena mesentérica superior a duodeno II. Se topografió el tronco venoso en relación a las estructuras mencionadas. Se registró largo del tronco, distancia al borde superior del duodeno III y al borde inferior del cuello de Páncreas. Resultados: la conformación más frecuente fue por confluencia de las venas cólica derecha, gastroepiploica derecha y pancreático duodenal anteroinferior. El calibre medio del tronco venoso fue 5,65mm (3,3mm-10mm). La distancia media entre duodeno III y cuello de páncreas fue de 31,34mm (13,2mm-51mm). La distancia media entre vena mesentérica superior y duodeno II fue de 34,23mm (23,8mm-45,7mm). El largo medio del tronco venoso fue 9,43mm (3,2mm-16,3mm). Conclusión: se constató, en la mayoría de los casos, que la confluencia de formación del tronco venoso se daba según lo descrito clásicamente. Este se situó más frecuentemente de disposición oblicua hacia abajo y adentro, y en el cuadrante ínfero-interno respecto al cuadrilátero dado por una línea vertical desde cuello del páncreas a duodeno III y una horizontal desde duodeno II hasta la vena mesentérica superior.

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Introducción: La nesdioblastosis se define como proliferación de las células endocrinas pancreáticas, que comporta alteraciones en su distribución y diferenciación. El número de los islotes de Langerhans es menor de lo normal, encontrándose las células endocrinas distribuidas, anárquicamente, por el parénquima pancreático, en forma de pequeños nidos o cordones1. Objetivo: Describir un caso clínico de nesidioblastosis en una paciente en edad escolar, con historia de convulsiones tonicoclónicas desde 1 año de edad, tratado con Oxcarbazepina. Presentando hipoglucemias sintomáticas desde 1 año y medio, por lo que fue referida a la consulta de endocrinología. Presentación del caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 7 años y 5 meses de edad cronológica, referida al departamento de endocrinología con historia de enfermedad actual, caracterizada diaforesis y mareos; presenta movimientos tónico-clónicos generalizados, retroversión ocular con pérdida del estado de conciencia (en 2 oportunidades), es trasladada a centro médico donde evidencian glucemia en 18-11-32-16 mg/dl respectivamente, colocan solución dextrosa con mejoría momentánea. Permanece por 9 días sin recuperación completa y aparecen fiebre de 3 días de evolución; Es trasladada al Hospital Infantil Robert Reid Cabral (RRC), donde se estudia y se confirman las hipoglucemias, analíticas que revelan hormonas contrarreguladoras elevadas, niveles de insulina en 2,700 mui/ml. Se estabiliza con octreotide y se decide llevar a cirugía para pancreactectomia, realizándose laparotomía abierta. Biopsia trans-operatoria reportó: hiperplasia de las células de los islotes de Langerhans. Por lo que se extirpa un 95% de tejido pancreático, presenta hiperglicemias y se inicia tratamiento con análogos de insulina de acción lenta (0.14 ud/kg/d), enzimas pancreáticas 10,000ud, 15 min previo a comidas y multivitamínicos. Al mes de la cirugía la paciente vuelve a presentar signos de hipoglicemias, se suspende la insulina y se ingresa, se verifican las hipoglicemias y se realiza una segunda intervención quirúrgica. También se realiza excéresis de 5% de páncrea; segundada porción del duodeno, con anastomosis terminal. Actualmente responde al tx con insulina análoga. Conclusión: La nesidioblastosis en una causa rara de hipoglucemia por hiperinsulinismo endógeno en el escolar, clínicamente es indistinguible del insulinoma; bioquímicamente es necesario documentar la hipoglucemia hiperinsulinémica durante el ayuno, el tratamiento de elección es la cirugía y seguimiento médico a los déficits secundarios a la misma.

Pancreatic resection is a standard procedure for the treatment of periampullary tumors. Morbidity and mortality are high, and quality standards are scarce in our setting. International classifications of complications (Clavien-Dindo) and those specific for pancreatectomies (ISGPS) allow adequate case comparisons. The goals of our work are to describe the morbidity and mortality of 480 pancreatectomies using the international classifications ISGPS and Clavien-Dindo to help establish a quality standard in our setting and to compare the results of CPD with reconstruction by pancreaticogastrostomy (1,55) versus 177 pancreaticojejunostomy). We report 480 resections including 337 duodenopancreatectomies, 116 distal pancreatectomies, 11 total pancreatectomies, 10 central pancreatectomies, and 6 enucleations. Results for duodenopancreatectomy include: 62 % morbidity (Clavien ≥ III 25.9 %), 12.3 % reinterventions, and 3.3 % overall mortality. For reconstruction by pancreaticojejunostomy: 71.2 % morbidity (Clavien ≥ III 34.4 %), 17.5 % reinterventions, and 3.3 % mortality. For reconstruction by pancreaticogastrostomy: 51 % morbidity (Clavien ≥ III 15.4%), 6.4 % reinterventions, and 3.2 % mortality. Differences are significant except for mortality. We conclude that our series meets quality criteria as compared to other groups. Reconstruction with pancreaticogastrostomy significantly reduces complication number and severity, as well as pancreatic fistula and reintervention rates.

RACIONAL: No Brasil existe escassa publicação científica destinada à divulgação dos resultados das ressecções pancreáticas. OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados cirúrgicos das ressecções pancreáticas. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se prospectivamente 54 casos consecutivos de pacientes submetidos à pancreatectomias. Foi avaliada a ocorrência de complicações pós-operatórias (fístula pancreática, retardo do esvaziamento gástrico e hemorragia pós-operatória) fundamentadas nos critérios dos Grupos Internacionais de Estudo sobre a Definição de Fístula Pancreática e de Cirurgia Pancreática. RESULTADOS: Das 54 pancreatectomias, 32 foram realizadas em mulheres (59,26%) e 22 em homens (40,74%). A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 54,5 anos. O procedimento mais praticado foi à cirurgia de Whipple em 38 pacientes. Em oito destes, houve ressecção do eixo mesentérico-portal. O tempo médio de internação foi de 20,7 dias. A maioria dos pacientes (51%) esteve internada por até 10 dias. A fístula pancreática foi observada em 50% da amostra em 44,7% dos pacientes submetidos à operação de Whipple. O sangramento pós-operatório e o retardo do esvaziamento gástrico nos pacientes submetidos à essa operação ocorreram, respectivamente, em 13,15% e 18,41%. Na amostra a taxa global de morbidade e mortalidade foi respectivamente de 62,9% e 5,5%. CONCLUSÃO: Há necessidade das publicações nacionais assimilarem os conceitos e critérios apresentados pelas classificações GIEDFP e GIECP para permitir a comparação dos resultados obtidos com o tratamento cirúrgico de doenças pancreáticas, no contexto brasileiro. Quem sabe, se o grande avançado visto nos últimos 40 anos em termos de redução das taxas de mortalidade associadas com ressecções pancreáticas também pode ocorrer com os níveis persistentemente elevados de complicações pós-operatórias.

Context Our experience with laparoscopic pancreatic resection began in 2001. During initial experience, laparoscopy was reserved for selected cases. With increasing experience more complex laparoscopic procedures such as central pancreatectomy and pancreatoduodenectomies were performed. Objectives The aim of this paper is to review our personal experience with laparoscopic pancreatic resection over 11-year period. Methods All patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreatic resection from 2001 through 2012 were reviewed. Preoperative data included age, gender, and indication for surgery. Intraoperative variables included operative time, bleeding, blood transfusion. Diagnosis, tumor size, margin status were determined from final pathology reports. Results Since 2001, 96 patients underwent laparoscopic pancreatectomy. Median age was 55 years old. 60 patients were female and 36 male. Of these, 88 (91.6%) were performed totally laparoscopic; 4 (4.2%) needed hand-assistance, 1 robotic assistance. Three patients were converted. Four patients needed blood transfusion. Operative time varied according type of operation. Mortality was nil but morbidity was high, mainly due to pancreatic fistula (28.1%). Sixty-one patients underwent distal pancreatectomy, 18 underwent pancreatic enucleation, 7 pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomies, 5 uncinate process resection, 3 central and 2 total pancreatectomies. Conclusions Laparoscopic resection of the pancreas is a reality. Pancreas sparing techniques, such as enucleation, resection of uncinate process and central pancreatectomy, should be used to avoid exocrine and/or endocrine insufficiency that could be detrimental to the patient's quality of life. Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy is a safe operation but should be performed in specialized centers by highly skilled laparoscopic surgeons.

Los tumores seudopapilares sólidos del páncreas representan del 1 al 2 % de las lesiones neoplásicas del páncreas exocrino. Descritos por primera vez por Frantz, han recibido múltiples denominaciones hasta su clasificación actual por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Carecen de un cuadro clínico típico y frecuentemente se diagnostican de manera incidental por estudios de imágenes de sección transversal, en los que se reconocen características clave para su diagnóstico, y se presentan especialmente en mujeres jóvenes y adolescentes. Actualmente, su tratamiento es fundamentalmente quirúrgico, prefiriéndose técnicas conservadoras, con excelentes resultados a largo plazo. Se reporta el caso de una mujer joven con síntomas abdominales inespecíficos, a quien después de tratamientos previos para otras posibles enfermedades, se le practicó una tomografía computarizada de abdomen en la cual se documentó una lesión de características típicas de este tipo de tumor; fue sometida a pancreatectomía distal y esplenectomía laparoscópicas, con confirmación histológica de la neoplasia y sin necesidad de tratamiento adicional posterior

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a morbidade pós-operatória e investigar a existência de seus fatores preditivos. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado de forma retrospectiva, a partir de uma base de dados mantida de forma prospectiva. De 1994 a 2008, 100 pacientes consecutivos foram submetidos à ressecções pancreaticas esquerdas. A principal variável de interesse foi a morbidade pós-operatória, tendo diversas outras características da população sido registradas simultaneamente. Posteriormente, para a análise de fatores preditivos de morbidade pós-operatória o subgrupo de pacientes que foi submetido aos procedimentos de pancreatectomia distal com preservação do baço (n=65) foi analisado separadamente quanto à relevância das diferentes técnicas de secção do parênquima pancreático, assim como, outros possíveis fatores preditivos à ocorrência de morbidade pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: Considerando-se juntamente todas as ressecções pancreáticas esquerdas realizadas, a ocorrência de complicações globais, de complicações relevantes e graves foi 55%, 42% e 20%, respectivamente. Os fatores que se mostraram preditivos à ocorrência de morbidade pós-operatória após pancreatectomia distal com preservação do baço foram a técnica de secção do parênquima pancreático, idade, índice de massa corporal e a realização de operação abdominal concomitante. CONCLUSÃO: A morbidade associada às ressecções pancreáticas, à esquerda dos vasos mesentéricos superiores, foi importante. De acordo com a estratificação adotada baseada na gravidade das complicações, alguns fatores preditivos foram identificados. Estudos futuros com coortes maiores de pacientes são necessários para confirmar tais resultados.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the postoperative morbidity of distal pancreatic resections and to investigate its predictive factors. METHODS: The study was conducted retrospectively from a prospectively database maintained. From 1994 to 2008, 100 consecutive patients underwent left pancreatic resections. The primary variable of interest was postoperative morbidity, and various other characteristics of the population were simultaneously recorded. Later, for the analysis of predictors of postoperative morbidity, the subgroup of patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation (n = 65) was separately analyzed with regards to the different techniques of section of the pancreatic parenchyma, as well as to other possible predictors of postoperative morbidity. RESULTS: Considering all left pancreatic resections performed, the occurrence of overall, relevant and serious complications was 55%, 42% and 20%, respectively. The factors predictive of postoperative morbidity after distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation were the technique employed for section of the pancreatic parenchyma, age, body mass index and the performance of concomitant abdominal operations. CONCLUSION: The morbidity associated with pancreatic resections to the left of the superior mesenteric vessels was high. According to the stratification adopted based on the severity of complications, some predictive factors have been identified. Future studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed to confirm these results.

Dados el incremento del uso de la imaginología en el proceso diagnóstico y los avances tecnológicos en su resolución y calidad, muchas enfermedades antes no esclarecidas, e incluso asintomáticas, están siendo descubiertas accidentalmente. Tal es el caso de las lesiones quísticas del páncreas, las cuales no eran diagnosticadas unos 30 años atrás, puesto que la mayoría cursan sin síntomas. Gran cantidad de las lesiones quísticas sintomáticas que afectan el parénquima pancreático, se deben a la presencia de seudoquistes no neoplásicos, cuyo manejo puede ser simplemente el drenaje o el seguimiento médico, mientras que las lesiones quísticas generalmente asintomáticas, son quistes neoplásicos.Given the increasing use of imaging in the diagnosis process and the technological advances in resolution and quality of the images, many pathologic entities not yet clearly defined, even those asymptomatic, are now incidentally detected. Such is the case with the pancreatic cystic lesions, which could not de diagnosed some 30 years ago because most of them are asymptomatic. The majority of symptomatic cystic lesions that affect the pancreatic parenchyma are due to the presence of non-neoplastic pseudocysts whose management may be just drainage or clinical follow-up, while those asymptomatic cystic lesions are generally neoplastic.

Introducción: la ruptura del páncreas y el duodeno es un evento poco común, cuyas cifras oscilan entre el 2 y el 4 % de los traumatismos abdominales. La mayoría ocurre en heridas abdominales penetrantes y en traumatismos compresivos en accidentes de tránsito. Métodos: se presenta una serie de 19 pacientes operados por traumatismo pancreaticoduodenal, en 5 hospitales clinicoquirúrgicos de Ciudad de La Habana, desde 2008 a 2010. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, mediante el uso de encuestas diseñadas a tal efecto, aplicadas a los cirujanos actuantes en el período estudiado. Resultados: el 63 % de los pacientes fueron por traumatismos cerrados, con predominio de accidentes de tránsito, la mayoría clasificados como grado I (15 pacientes), y 2 pacientes como grado II. Ambos grupos acumularon el 90 % de las lesiones. El procedimiento quirúrgico más frecuentemente empleado fue la pancreatectomía distal con esplenectomía. Se complicaron 8 pacientes (42 %), y la más frecuente fue la fístula pancreática externa en 4 pacientes, seguida por la peritonitis en 2; fallecieron 3 (15 %), distribuidos de la manera siguiente: de 13 pacientes clasificados como grado I, falleció 1 (7 %), y 2 pacientes clasificados como grado III (100 %). Conclusiones: para obtener resultados favorables en este tipo de paciente es necesaria una clasificación acertada según la localización y severidad de las lesiones, así como una adecuada selección del procedimiento quirúrgico.Introduction: rupture of pancreas and duodenum is a uncommon event, whose figures fluctuate between the 2 and the 4 % of the abdominal traumata. Most occur in penetrating abdominal wounds and in compressive traumata in road accidents. Methods: a total of 19 patients were operated on due to a pancreaticoduodenal trauma in five clinical surgical hospitals of Ciudad de La Habana from 2008 to 2010. A retrospective study was conducted using the surveys designed to that end, applied to acting surgeons during the study period. Results: the 63 % of patients had closed traumata with predominance of road accidents, most qualified as grade I (15 patients) and two patients as grade III. Both groups accounted for the 90 % of injuries. The more frequent surgical procedure used was the distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Eight patients had complications (42 %) where the most frequent one was the external pancreatic fistula in 4 patients, followed by peritonitis in two patients; three dyed (15 %), distributed as follow: from13 patients classified as degree I, one dyed (7 %) and two patients classified as degree III (100 %). Conclusions: to obtain favorable results in this type of patient, it is necessary an appropriate classification according to location and severity of the injuries, as well as a proper selection of the surgical procedure.

La neoplasia papilar intraductal de páncreas es una entidad poco frecuente, raramente invasiva, de bajo potencial de malignización, de presentación poco típica y, generalmente, asintomática, que afecta la cola o el cuerpo pancreático y en muchas oportunidades es un hallazgo incidental en estudios de imágenes, como la ecografía abdominal y la tomografía. El estudio de la lesión puede realizarse de diferentes maneras, como la tomografía o la colangiografía endoscópica para estudio imaginológico y la aspiración del líquido pancreático para el estudio citológico y de marcadores tumorales. La ultrasonografía endoscópica y la colangiorresonancia permiten obtener datos más aproximados para el diagnóstico de esta lesión y para la definición del manejo, el cual en la mayoría de los casos consiste en la realización de resección quirúrgica con biopsia intraoperatoria por congelación. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con cáncer papilar intraductal de páncreas y se hace una revisión sobre este tema.The intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas is an infrequent entity, rarely invasive, of low potential of malignancy, atypical in its presentation, and generally asymptomatic. It affects the body or tail of the pancreas, and in many cases is an incidental finding in diagnostic imaging, such as abdominal ultrasonophy or CT scanning. The lesion can be studied by different means, such as CT scanning or endoscopic ultrasonography intended to obtain images and pancreatic juice for cytology and tumor markers. Endoscopic ultrasonography and cholangiography by magnetic resonance provide information for the diagnosis of this lesion and for its management, which generally involves surgical resection with intaoperative biopsy by frozen section. We present one case of intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma of the together with a literature review.

Objetivo: evaluar los datos epidemiológicos, la patología y los resultados de una serie de pacientes sometidos a duodenopancreatectomía cefálica en un centro de referencia de cirugía hepatobiliar, pancreática y de trasplante hepático en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, en un período de tres años. Métodos: se recolectaron los datos de manera prospectiva de la base de datos de la Unidad de Cirugía Hepatobiliar y Pancreática de dicha institución. Resultados: entre enero de 2004 y diciembre de 2006, se llevaron a duodenopancreatectomía cefálica con intención curativa 19 pacientes, con una distribución de 31,5% hombres y 68,5% mujeres. La indicación principal fue carcinoma de cabeza de páncreas en el 36,8%, seguido por carcinoma ampular en el 21% y tumor de vías biliares y de duodeno en el 10,5%. La morbilidad fue de 47,3% y la mortalidad de 15%. La supervivencia actuarial entre todos fue de 57,8%, la supervivencia a un año fue de 68,5%. Discusión: la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica es una cirugía de gran envergadura pero que, hecha de manera regular en centros de referencia, puede lograr tasas de supervivencia y de morbimortalidad similares a las reportadas en la literatura mundial.Objective: To determine the epidemiologic and pathological data, and the surgical end results in a series of patients that underwent cephalic pancreatoduodenectomy over a three year period at a referral center for hepatobiliary-pancreatic diseases and liver transplantation in the city of Medellín, Colombia. Methods: Information was collected in a prospective manner from the data base of the Unit of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery at our institution. Results: Nineteen patients, 31.5% male and 68.5% female, were subjected to cephalic pancreatoduodenectomy with curative intention in the period January 2002 trough December 2006. Main indication was carcinoma of the head of the pancreas (36.8%), followed by ampullary carcinoma (21%), and neoplasms of the biliary tract and duodenum (10.5%). Morbidity rate was 47.3% and mortality rate 15%. Overall actuarial survival was 57.8%, and one-year survival was 68.5%. Discussion: cepahalic pancreatoduodenectomy is major surgical procedure, which when performed at referral center can achieve morbidity and mortality rates similar to those reported in the world literature.

RACIONAL: O tumor sólido-cístico pseudopapilar do pâncreas é neoplasia rara. Acomete mais comumente indivíduos jovens do sexo feminino e tem sido considerada neoplasia de baixo grau de malignidade com comportamento biológico indolente. O seu tratamento tem sido a ressecção cirúrgica. Pode comprometer tanto a cabeça quanto o corpo ou mesmo a cauda do pâncreas. Contudo, a presença de duas lesões simultâneas, uma na porção cefálica e outra na transição do corpo para a cauda do pâncreas (multicentricidade) é situação muito rara. RELATO DE CASO: Tumor sólido-cístico pseudopapilar do pâncreas multicêntrico (com duas lesões distintas na cabeça e no corpo-cauda) em homem de 36 anos de idade submetido à gastroduodenopancreatectomia total e esplenectomia. O exame histológico revelou a presença de dois tumores distintos em cabeça e corpo-cauda do pâncreas, ambos de mesma etiologia (sólido-cístico pseudopapilar) e cuja confirmação foi realizada por avaliação imunoístoquimica. O paciente teve boa evolução pós-operatória. Cinco meses após o tratamento cirúrgico não apresenta sinais de recidiva. CONCLUSÃO: Esses tumores apresentam bom prognóstico, com curabilidade e todos os esforços devem ser tentados para a sua ressecção mesmo que para isto seja necessária pancreatectomia total.BACKGROUND: Solid-cystic pseudopapillary pancreatic tumors are rare neoplasms. Female young individuals are usually struck by this condition. This type of tumor has been considered to be a low-grade neoplasia, having an indolent biological behavior. Surgical ressection has been the treatment of choice. This disease can also compromise the head, body as well as the tail of the pancreas. However, the presence of two simultaneous lesions, one in the cephalic portion and the other at the transition between the body and tail of the pancreas (multicentricity) is a very rare situation. CASE REPORT: Solid-cystic multicentric pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor (with two distinct lesions, one in the head and the other in the body-tail) in a 36 year old male was submitted to total gastroduodenopancreatectomy and splenectomy. Histological tests revealed the presence of two distinct tumors, one in the head and the other in the body-tail of the pancreas, both of the same etiology (solid-cystic pseudopapillary tumor), receiving confirmation by immunohistochemical evaluation. The patient had a good post-operative development. Five months after surgical treatment, the patient did not show any signs of recidive. CONCLUSION: This tumors present a good prognosis and cure, so every effort should be taken to resect the tumor, even if it is necessary to perform total pancreatectomy.

RACIONAL: O diagnóstico de tumores císticos do pâncreas vem aumentando nos últimos anos. Estes tumores acometem geralmente pacientes do sexo feminino e apresentam poucos sintomas. Sua remoção por videolaparoscopia está indicada em pacientes selecionadas, principalmente quando localizados na região distal do pâncreas. OBJETIVOS: É apresentada a experiência inicial de um grupo de cirurgiões na realização de pancreatectomia distal por videolaparoscopia em pacientes com cistadenoma pancreático. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Três pacientes do sexo feminino (idade média, 55 anos) foram submetidas a ressecção pancreática por videolaparoscopia entre setembro de 2001 e dezembro de 2003. RESULTADOS: A ressecção pancreática por videolaparoscopia foi realizada com sucesso nas três doentes. O tempo cirúrgico variou de 4 a 6 horas. O sangramento operatório foi mínimo em todos os casos. A aplicação do grampeador endoscópico foi difícil em uma paciente devido à espessura do pâncreas. As três pacientes evoluíram bem, recebendo alta entre o 2º e o 5º dia pós-operatório. Duas apresentaram fístula pancreática com resolução após tratamento conservador. CONCLUSÃO: A pancreatectomia laparoscópica é factível, pode trazer benefícios aos pacientes portadores de neoplasia cística da porção distal do pâncreas, com pouca dor pós-operatória, curto tempo de permanência hospitalar, baixo índice de complicações e melhor resultado estético.BACKGROUND: Cystic neoplasms are an uncommon group among pancreatic tumors. These lesions are seen more frequently in recent surgical practice, probably because of advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques. Total tumor resection provides the best chance of cure and may remove the risk of malignant transformation of the cystadenomas, particularly of the mucinous type. Minimally invasive techniques have been revolutionary and provide clinical evidence of decreased morbidity and comparable efficacy to traditional, open surgery. However, laparoscopic pancreatic resection is not an established treatment for tumors of the pancreas. AIM: The authors present their initial experience with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic cystadenomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three female patients (mean age, 55 years) underwent laparoscopic pancreatic resection between September 2001 and December 2003. RESULTS: Laparoscopic pancreatic resection was successfully performed in all patients. Operative time varied between 4 and 6 hours. Intraoperative bleeding was minimal. Due to a thick pancreas, the application of vascular endoscopic stapler was difficult in one patient. Two patients presented postoperative pancreatic leakage with spontaneous resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Resection of the pancreas can be safely performed via the laparoscopic approach with all the potential benefits to the patients of minimally invasive surgery.

Context Pancreatic surgery is an extremely challenging field, and the management of pancreatic diseases continues to evolve. In the past decade, minimal access surgery is moving towards minimizing the surgical trauma by reducing numbers and size of the port. In the last few years, a novel technique with a single-incision laparoscopic approach has been described for several laparoscopic procedures. Objectives We present a single-port laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first single-port pancreatic resection in Brazil and Latin America. Methods A 33-year-old woman with neuroendocrine tumor underwent spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy via single-port approach. A single-incision advanced access platform with gelatin cap, self-retaining sleeve and wound protector was used. Results Operative time was 174 minutes. Blood loss was minimal, and the patient did not receive a transfusion. The recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 4. Conclusions Single-port laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy is feasible and can be safely performed in specialized centers by skilled laparoscopic surgeons.

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Los autores, a propósito de la comunicación de un caso de tumor velloso de la papila de Valer, realizan una revisión de la literatura. Se presenta el primer caso de tumor velloso de duodeno localizado en la papila de Vater comunicado en nuestro medio y tratado mediante una pancreatoduodenectomía cefálica con sobrevida alejada (3 años) ilustrándose los hallazgos anatomopatológicos. Se revisa la presentación clínica de estos tumores, el valor de los procedimientos diagnósticos y la indicación del método terapéutico curativo (resección endoscópica, duodenopapilectomía, resección duodenal segmentaría o pancreatoduodenectomía cefálica) o paliativo (derivación) de acuerdo al algoritmo de Golondiuk.

BACKGROUND: The solid-cystic tumor of the pancreas is rare, and had several names, including "papillary cystic tumor," "solid cystic tumor," "solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm." About 90% of cases are found in young women, measuring between seven and 20 cm in diameter, with 40% of them in the head, tail 32% and 28% in the body. CASE REPORT: Woman of 29 years was admitted for investigation of strong and persistent pain in right hypochondrium. It was performed ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography, showing lobulated mass with the consistency of soft parts in the tail of the pancreas, peripheral capsular enhancement and hypovascular center measuring 5.5x5,5x5,0 cm. MRI better defined, with intermediate signal on T1 and T2, small scattered foci of low signal on T2 and peripheral enhancement by gadolinium, suggesting tumor Frantz. She underwent parcial pancreatectomy and total splenectomy. Macroscopic and microscopic findings suggested, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Should be considered this tumor in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in young women.INTRODUÇÃO: O tumor sólido-cístico do pâncreas é raro, e teve várias denominações, entre elas "tumor cístico papilar", "tumor cístico sólido", "neoplasia epitelial sólida e papilar". Cerca de 90% dos casos são encontrados em mulheres jovens, medindo entre sete a 20 centímetros de diâmetro, estando 40% deles na cabeça, 32% na cauda e 28% no corpo. RELATO DO CASO: Mulher de 29 anos foi admitida para investigação de fortes e persistentes dores em hipocôndrio direito. Foram realizados ultrassonografia e tomografia computadorizada de abdome, mostrando massa lobulada, com consistência de partes moles na cauda do pâncreas, realce capsular periférico e centro hipovascular medindo 5,5x5,5x5,0 cm. A ressonância magnética definiu melhor, com sinal intermediário em T1 e T2, pequenos focos esparsos de hipossinal em T2 e realce periférico pelo gadolíneo, sugerindo tumor de Frantz. Foi submetida à pancreatectomia caudal e esplenectomia total. Achados anatomopatógicos macroscópicos e microscópicos sugeriram, e o estudo imunoistoquímico confirmou o diagnóstico CONCLUSÃO: Deve-se considerar esta neoplasia no diagnóstico diferencial de massas abdominais em mulheres jovens.