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Human activity recognition (HAR) is a technology that infers current user activities by using the available sensory data network. Research on activity recognition is considered extremely important, particularly when it comes to delivering sensitive services such as healthcare services and live tracking assistance and autonomy. For this purpose, many researchers have proposed a knowledge-driven approach or data-driven reasoning for identification techniques. However, there are multiple limitations associated with these approaches and the resulting models are typically not complete enough to capture all types of human activities. Thus, recent works have suggested combining these techniques through a hybrid model. This paper's goal is to give a brief overview of activity recognition implementation approaches by looking at various sensing technologies used to gather data from internet of things (IoT) gadgets, looking at preprocessing and feature extraction approaches, and then comparing methods used to identify human activities in smart homes, and highlighting their strengths and weaknesses across various fields. Numerous pertinent works were located, and their accomplishments were assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing use of digital images, it is essential to protect confidential image data from unauthorized access. In view of the security problems of digital image in the fields of communication, storage and transmission, this study proposes a digital envelope technology encryption scheme with high security and high speed based on the advantages of symmetric algorithm model and asymmetric algorithm model. This method is based on AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) and ECC(Elliptic Curve Cryptography), and optimized ECC hardware architecture is used for symmetric key sharing to enhance the security of the key. The traditional AES is optimized by adding pseudo- random numbers, using column shift instead of column obfuscation, and three dimensional Sbox box to maintain the Shannon diffusion and obfuscation principle while reducing the time complexity. This study the digital image encryption simulation and performance test of AES algorithm are carried out on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The test results show that the proposed encryption scheme has the advantages of rapidity, high security and effectiveness, and can better achieve image encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substitution boxes (S-boxes) play an important role in symmetric key cryptography because they add complexity and resist cryptanalysis, improving the overall security of encrypted data. The conventional construction of substitution boxes (S-boxes) has long relied on associative algebras such as Galois fields and cyclic groups. However, recent developments have motivated researchers to investigate non-associative algebras. This study contributes to this evolving narrative by using the Möbius transformation over power associative loop for S-box construction. The S256 symmetric group’s permutations are applied to further enhance the design of the S-box. This deliberate variation contributes to greater non-linearity and confusion, both of which are necessary elements for cryptographic strength. The practical importance of the S-box was further assessed by using a variety of criteria, including nonlinearity, strict avalanche criteria, bit independence criteria, differential probability, and linear approximation probability. To evaluate the reliability of the S-box, its performance results are compared to the results of previously created S-boxes. Furthermore, we employed the proposed S-Box to encrypt text using the AES algorithm. The Avalanche Effect test is used to examine the effectiveness of our technique, and it confirmed the robustness and security of our encryption scheme.

Compared to other social media data, email data differs from it in various topic-specific ways, including extensive replies, formal language, significant length disparities, high levels of anomalies, and indirect linkages. In this paper, the creation of a potent and computationally effective classifier to categorize spam and ham email documents is proposed. To assess and validate spam texts, this paper employs a variety of data mining-based classification approaches. On the benchmark Enron dataset, which is open to the public, tests were run. The final 7 Enron datasets were created by combining the six different types of Enron datasets that we had acquired. We preprocess the dataset at an early stage to exclude any useless phrases. This method falls under several categories, including Logistic Regression (LR), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Random Forests (RF), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and suggested Deep Neural Networks (DNN). Using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), email documents may be screened for spam and labeled as such. In performance comparisons, DNN-BiLSTM outperforms other classifiers in terms of accuracy on all seven Enron datasets. In comparison to other machine learning classifiers, the findings demonstrate that DNN-BiLSTM and Convolutional Neural Networks can categorize spam with 96.39 % and 98.69 % accuracy, respectively. The report also covers the dangers of managing cloud data and the security problems that might occur. To safeguard data in the cloud while maintaining privacy, hybrid encryption is examined in this white paper. In the AES-Rabit hybrid encryption system, the symmetric session key exchange-based Rabit technique is combined with the benefits of the AES algorithm for faster data encryption.

Nowadays, cloud computing technology is developing rapidly, and cloud platforms as a new type of information service mode. The importance of its security is self-evident. This paper builds a comprehensive database for agricultural administrative law enforcement based on the cloud platform. It constructs a hybrid data encryption algorithm that utilizes the AES algorithm and ECC algorithm in parallel. The ECC algorithm uses the public key to encrypt the secret key, and after that, the AES algorithm converts plaintext data in the database into ciphertext data. Following the testing of the hybrid encryption algorithm’s security and operational performance through experiments, the database’s security and privacy performance are also evaluated. The comprehensive agricultural law enforcement database constructed in this paper is able to rapidly reduce the degree of trust in users with abnormal behavior in the monitoring of user behavior that is not conducive to data security and privacy protection and reduce the degree of user trust to 0.022 when the number of times of dynamic monitoring is 20 times, which effectively protects the data security and privacy in the database. The hybrid encryption algorithm database designed in this paper provides a reference for data security and privacy protection. It has strong practical application value in the field of comprehensive agricultural administrative law enforcement.

In this paper, firstly, the e-commerce green supply chain management strategy of multivariate blockchain is explored, and digital assets are traded on the e-commerce supply chain platform through the information anchoring model. Secondly, the Diffie-Hellman algorithm is used to generate the key, the AES algorithm is used to encrypt the information, and the account data, transaction data and IoT data, are stored in three independent chains. Finally, the selection strategies of different e-commerce sales models and the green supply chain management strategies of e-commerce platforms are visually analyzed through numerical arithmetic examples. The results show that when E0 = 10, it is optimized by the ecological R&D efforts of supply chain members. When E0 = 50, the greenness of the product is decreasing. When it finally tends to the steady state, E∞C > E∞BR > E∞MR. The three green supply chain management models proposed in this study are conducive to enhancing consumer utility and in line with the sustainable development strategy.

There are many ways to ensure data security, one of the classic way but still effective is to use encryption. Encryption itself has two techniques or algorithms: symmetric-key (also called secret-key) and asymmetric-key encryption (also called public key). In this paper, we proposed an analysis of two algorithm of encryption: RSA and AES algorithm in term of securing digital data. The method used in this research are: RSA and AES analysis, then retrieving the result. The two algorithm is deeply and thoroughly analyzed to discover the effectiveness to secure the data. The Technological Readiness Level (TKT) is at level 6, which means demonstration of a model or prototype or the analysis result of a system or subsystem or a study in a relevant environment. The result concluded that the application of the AES encryption algorithm is more optimal than RSA encryption in digital data security. Because the encryption and decryption process of using the AES algorithm is faster, although the difference in testing time of the two encryption algorithms is not too significant. The entropy value of 4.96 in AES encryption is greater than that of RSA proving that the even distribution of characters in the chiper text code does not accumulate on certain characters so that it will be difficult to attack using frequency analysis.

Cryptographic circuits, because they contain confidential information, are subject to fraudulent manipulations, commonly called attacks, by ill-intentioned people. Several attacks have been identified and analyzed. One of the most efficient attacks, called DFA (Differential Fault Analysis) cryptanalysis, exploits the presence of faults, injected voluntarily by the attacker, for example with a laser, in the calculations. Countermeasures are then developed and validated to protect the hardware implementation of cryptographic algorithms such as AES algorithm. The present paper aims to protect the AES algorithm against fault injection attacks. In this paper, an efficient fault detection method for the AES algorithm has been developed. In our proposed design, the AES round architecture is devised into three parts and two pipelines registers are inserted in between. Our simulations show that fault detection capabilities of the proposed method for random fault archives 99.539%. The error detection structure can detect the inserted faults with good coverage using the proposed approach. In order to verify the accuracy of our results, we compare our implementation result with the results presented in the literature. Note that the results obtained are competitive with existing implementations. Our fault detection method has the ability to achieve a compromise of safety level and low implementation cost.

Nowadays, the security of images or information is very important. This paper introduces a proposed hybrid watermarking and encryption technique for increasing medical image security. First, the secret medical image is encrypted using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Then, the secret report of the patient is embedded into the encrypted secret medical image with the Least Significant Bit (LSB) watermarking algorithm. After that, the encrypted secret medical image with the secret report is concealed in a cover medical image, using Kekre's Median Codebook Generation (KMCG) algorithm. Afterwards, the stegoimage obtained is split into 16 parts. Finally, it is sent to the receiver. We adopt this strategy to send the secret medical image and report over a network securely. The proposed technique is assessed with different encryption quality metrics including Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Correlation Coefficient (Cr), Feature Similarity Index Metric (FSIM), and Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM). Histogram estimation is used to confirm the matching between the secret medical image before and after transmission. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves good performance with high quality of the received medical image and clear image details in a very short processing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security of data is a major concern in this digital era. In general text and image data are well protected with the help of existing standards, meanwhile, securing voice communications is a challenging task. In the literature, there are some methods found using oscillators and chaotic signals for protecting direct voice communications, but they have limited functionalities due to synchronization problems between chaotic signals and oscillators. This paper gives an idea of encrypting voice signals over peer to peer communication with the help of a modified and lightweight AES algorithm. This algorithm is similar to the traditional AES algorithm in most of the aspects but does not imply the use of mix column that is used in the traditional AES algorithm. The lightweight algorithm is tested on two different Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and the designs are analyzed with respect to time delay and effective utilization of resources.

One of the most important communication technologies of our day is the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT system faced issues with device power consumption, battery life, memory space, and cost of performance. Cyberattacks and security dangers are on the rise. Cybersecurity aims to lower the threats it poses to computer systems by safeguarding sensitive data and ensuring privacy during transmission. Encryption algorithms are one of the most crucial ways to guarantee the confidentiality of data while it is being transmitted. One of the most used encryption algorithms is called Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). In this paper, the Tiny Advanced Encryption Standard (TAES) algorithm has been proposed with two scenarios to improve the AES algorithm's encryption speed and exibility when used for small data. It is also proposed to achieve a high level of encryption and reduce the complexity of the algorithm while maintaining a level of security that is higher than or equal to the level of security found in the original AES algorithm. Using the MATLAB program, the performance of the suggested algorithm was compared to that of the original AES algorithm on texts, and images. From the results, it can be concluded that when the first scenario of the proposed algorithm was implemented on data with a size of 2048 bytes, the speed of encryption implementation increased by 82.69 %. And in the second scenario, it went up by 57.54%. Additionally, throughput rates grew at a rate similar. For images, the encryption speed ratio for the four scenarios was 75% and 61.41% when the scenarios of the proposed algorithm were applied to an image of size (280Γ - 280 pixels). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the new era of cryptography, Substitution Boxes (S-Boxes) are very important to raise confusion in cipher text and the security of encryption directly depends on the algebraic strength of S-box. To avoid a hacker attack, researchers are focusing on creating dynamic S-boxes that are much stronger. The dominating concept for developing S-boxes is linear fractional transformation. In this article, we proposed a novel technique to generate cryptographically strong S-box by using fractional transformation based on finite field. The substitute box is constructed in two phases. Firstly, general form of dynamic fractional transformation designed which work for odd exponents in the range [1-255]. The S-box is then constructed using quantic fractional transformation as an example. Secondly, in order to increase the unpredictability of proposed S-box, we use the symmetric group’s S256 permutation. The usefulness of the constructed S-box was also tested using several criteria such as nonlinearity, differential uniformity, strict avalanche criteria, linear approximation probability and bit independence criteria. To assess the reliability of S-box, its performance outcomes are compared to those of previously developed S-boxes. Furthermore, we utilized the suggested S-Box to the image encryption approach. Then, to determine the effectiveness of the encryption scheme, use several tests such as contrast, correlation, homogeneity, entropy, and energy. We have compared our results with different algorithms which ensured that the proposed strategy for ciphered image is excellent.

In the modern block cipher, the substitution box (S-box) is a nonlinear constituent that plays a substantial role to create the confusion in ciphertext. S-boxes with low value of differential uniformity and high value of nonlinearity are considered more secure against cryptanalysis attacks. For the construction of $8\times 8$ S-boxes, an efficient and novel scheme is presented in this paper. This scheme based on polynomial mapped and finite field which work only for even integers without multiple of 4 in the range (2-254). Firstly, we take a quadratic polynomial mapped for the construction of S-box from the newly designed map. To keep the S-box bijective, swap each missing entries with repeating entries after that we acquire the initial box. Secondly, to increase the randomness of initial S-box special permutations of symmetric group S256 used and generated the proposed S-box. Lastly, to examine the validity of the suggested S-box we used various tests such as nonlinearity (NL), bit independence criteria (BIC), strict avalanche criteria (SAC), differential uniformity (DU) and linear approximation probability (LAP) which all certify algebraic properties of S-box. Moreover, the features of newly constructed S-box compared with recent S-boxes from literature which show superior performance against intruders’ attacks. Further, S-box is utilized in image encryption scheme and apply MLC (majority logic criterion) and histogram analysis to examined the encryption quality. Our results shows that proposed S-box based encryption scheme is very good as compared to other encryption methods.

Cryptographic circuits, because they contain confidential information, are subject to fraudulent manipulations, commonly called attacks, by ill-intentioned people. Several attacks have been identified and analyzed. One of the most efficient attacks, called DFA (Differential Fault Analysis) cryptanalysis, exploits the presence of faults, injected voluntarily by the attacker, for example with a laser, in the calculations. Countermeasures are then developed and validated to protect the hardware implementation of cryptographic algorithms such as AES algorithm. The present paper aims to protect the AES algorithm against fault injection attacks. In this paper, an efficient fault detection method for the AES algorithm has been developed. In our proposed design, the AES round architecture is devised into three parts and two pipelines registers are inserted in between. Our simulations show that fault detection capabilities of the proposed method for random fault archives 99.539%. The error detection structure can detect the inserted faults with good coverage using the proposed approach. In order to verify the accuracy of our results, we compare our implementation result with the results presented in the literature. Note that the results obtained are competitive with existing implementations. Our fault detection method has the ability to achieve a compromise of safety level and low implementation cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security of data is a major concern in this digital era. In general text and image data are well protected with the help of existing standards, meanwhile, securing voice communications is a challenging task. In the literature, there are some methods found using oscillators and chaotic signals for protecting direct voice communications, but they have limited functionalities due to synchronization problems between chaotic signals and oscillators. This paper gives an idea of encrypting voice signals over peer to peer communication with the help of a modified and lightweight AES algorithm. This algorithm is similar to the traditional AES algorithm in most of the aspects but does not imply the use of mix column that is used in the traditional AES algorithm. The lightweight algorithm is tested on two different Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and the designs are analyzed with respect to time delay and effective utilization of resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network safety has become an important issue in recent years. Encryption has been developed as a solution and plays an important role in the security of information systems. Many methods are required to secure the shared data. The advanced internet, networking firms, health information and the cloud applications have significantly increased our data every minute. The current work focuses on cryptography to provide the protection for sensitive data that exchanged between personal users, companies, organizations, or in the cloud applications and others during the transfer of data across the network. Firstly, Data sent from sender to network receiver must be encrypted using the cryptographic algorithm. Secondly, the recipient shows the original data using the decryption technique. This paper presents three encrypting algorithms such as AES, RSA and hybrid algorithms, and their efficiency is compared based on the analysis of the time. Results of the experiments show that the hybrid algorithm is better in term of security.

Email data has some characteristics that are different from other social media data, such as a large range of answers, formal language, notable length variations, high degrees of anomalies, and indirect relationships. The main goal in this research is to develop a robust and computationally efficient classifier that can distinguish between spam and regular email content. The benchmark Enron dataset, which is accessible to the public, was used for the tests. The six distinct Enron data sets we acquired were combined to generate the final seven Enron data sets. The dataset undergoes early preprocessing to remove superfluous sentences. The proposed model Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) apply spam labels and to examine email documents for spam. On seven Enron datasets, DNN-BiLSTM performs better than other classifiers in the performance comparison in terms of accuracy. DNN-BiLSTM and convolutional neural networks demonstrated that they can classify spam with 96.39 % and 98.69 % accuracy, respectively, in comparison to other machine learning classifiers. The risks associated with cloud data management and potential security flaws are also covered in the paper. This research presents hybrid encryption as a means of protecting cloud data while preserving privacy by using the hybrid AES-Rabit encryption algorithm which is based on symmetric session key exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an innovative solution for improving the efficiency and speed of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) based cryptographic algorithm. The approach leverages in-memory computing (IMC) and is versatile for application across a broad spectrum of IoT applications, including robotic autonomous vehicles and various other scenarios. To achieve this goal, memristor (MR) designs are proposed to emulate the arithmetic operations required for different phases of the AES algorithm, enabling efficient in-memory processing. The key contributions of this work include; 1) The development of a 4 bit-MR state element for implementing different arithmetic operations in an AES hardware prototype; 2) The creation of a pipeline AES design for massive parallelism and MR integration compatibility; and 3) The hardware implementation of the AES-IMC based architecture using the MR emulator. The results show that AES-IMC performs better than existing architectures in terms of higher throughput and energy efficiency. Compared to conventional AES hardware, AES-IMC achieves a 30% power enhancement with comparable throughput. Additionally, when compared to state-of-the-art AES-based NVM engines, AES-IMC demonstrates comparable power dissipation and a 62% increase in throughput. The IMC architecture enables cost-effective real-time deployment of AES, leading to high-performance computing. By leveraging the power of in-memory computing, this system is able to provide improved computational efficiency and faster processing speeds, making it a promising solution for a wide range of applications in the field of autonomous driving and robotics. The potential benefits of this system include improved safety and security of unmanned devices, as well as enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness in a variety of computing environments. • Innovative use of IMC and MR for AES processing. • Pipeline AES design with 64-bit units for high parallelism. • Superior throughput and energy efficiency of AES-IMC. • Cost-effective real-time deployment for unmanned devices. • Improved safety and security with AES-IMC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, everyone knows Wi-Fi. The technology that ensures connection of computer equipment. It is now positioned as the easiest way to interconnect multiple end users because It allows user mobility in workspaces, avoids cable clutter within the network coverage, such as offices, homes and so on. Despite these advantages, several scientific studies have shown that this technology can raise security and safety issues and is dangerous to human health, and therefore not suitable for hospital networks. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties, Li-Fi technology based on visible light is beginning to interest researchers. This technology is considered more secure than Wi-Fi because the light can be contained in a physical space and waves can't pass through walls and other objects. Unfortunately, when the physical environment contains spaces that can escape light to the outdoors, this can be a security risk for Li-Fi because it uses light sources to transmit data. That why, in this paper, the main differences between Wi-Fi and Li-Fi technologies are explained, and a Li-Fi architecture provided with an authentification captive portal and a data transfer security mechanism between end users based on the AES algorithm is proposed. The developed prototype and the architecture proposed guarantee the security of the Li-Fi network even if the physical environment is provided with multiple light escape spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authenticated encryption algorithm guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of the information at the same time,and has extensive research and application prospects in the field of information security.With the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) method,the iterative structure with high efficiency and more active S boxes is searched.Based on this new round iterative function and the generalized Feistel structure,an authenticated encryption algorithm with the ability to resist collision attack,differential attack,linear attack and other attacks was designed and implemented,and the efficiency was twice that of AES-GCM.

The authenticated encryption algorithm guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of the information at the same time, and has extensive research and application prospects in the field of information security. With the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) method, the iterative structure with high efficiency and more active S boxes is searched. Based on this new round iterative function and the generalized Feistel structure, an authenticated encryption algorithm with the ability to resist collision attack, differential attack, linear attack and other attacks was designed and implemented, and the efficiency was twice that of AES-GCM.

In 21st century technological word now has bring a tremendous change to health care system is widely used by doctor patients and researchers. Patients use wearable device such as smart eyewear, foot wear, smart watches, which is use by both patient to wear and by doctor to monitor patient condition remotely on cloud. This provides time savage fastest treatment facility but as this data is huge in amount it’s very important to take care of security and privacy of the big data on cloud. Because the big data is not between patient and doctor it’s on cloud were several third parties like service providers and other unauthorized user are also present and they can easily fetch patient’s personal information for their own benefit. In this paper a novel approach based on advance encryption method and watermarking technique is presented to provide protection and security to e health data on cloud.

This article presents the implementation of a remote monitoring system of biomedical signals with cybersecurity support and compression of vital sign signals and data of the patient. This system uses a low-cost microsystem for encrypting and compressing the information using the Lempel–Ziv–Welch (LZW) lossless compression algorithm and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). In this case, WolfSSL library is used for the implementation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, whose encryption function is accelerated by the AES processor designed on a System on Chip - Field Programmable Gate Array (SoC-FPGA) device. A multiparameter board and an SoC-FPGA development board make up the vital signs measurement system, which was calibrated and verified by a commercial patient simulator. Data transmission tests were carried out from the measurement system to the monitoring application developed in LabVIEW and implemented on a personal computer (PC), where vital signs and data of the patient are decrypted and decompressed. Also, it was possible to verify a significant improvement in the performance of the TLS connection. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the designed microsystem allows to compress, encrypt, and transmit biomedical data in real-time and without loss of information. The microsystem is very suitable for e-health platforms and/or e-health devices that use unsecured communication networks with limited bandwidth.

This article presents the implementation of a remote monitoring system of biomedical signals with cybersecurity support and compression of vital sign signals and data of the patient. This system uses a low-cost microsystem for encrypting and compressing the information using the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) lossless compression algorithm and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). In this case, the WolfSSL library is used to implement the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, whose encryption function is accelerated by the AES processor designed on a System on Chip - Field Programmable Gate Array (SoC-FPGA) device. Data transmission tests were carried out from the measurement system to the monitoring application developed in LabVIEW and implemented on a Personal Computer (PC), where vital signs and data of the patient are decrypted and decompressed. The microsystem is suitable for e-health platforms and/or e-health devices that use unsecured communication networks with limited bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network safety has become an important issue in recent years. Encryption has been developed as a solution and plays an important role in the security of information systems. Many methods are required to secure the shared data. The advanced internet, networking firms, health information and the cloud applications have significantly increased our data every minute. The current work focuses on cryptography to provide the protection for sensitive data that exchanged between personal users, companies, organizations, or in the cloud applications and others during the transfer of data across the network. Firstly, Data sent from sender to network receiver must be encrypted using the cryptographic algorithm. Secondly, the recipient shows the original data using the decryption technique. This paper presents three encrypting algorithms such as AES, RSA and hybrid algorithms, and their efficiency is compared based on the analysis of the time. Results of the experiments show that the hybrid algorithm is better in term of security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The research on the Internet of Things (IoT) has made huge strides forward in the past couple of years. IoT has its applications in almost every walk of life, and it is being regarded as the next big thing that can change the way humans perceive about their daily life. Smart IoT devices of heterogeneous nature make an essential part of modern day IoT-based systems. The security of these devices is of paramount importance as they handle an enormous amount of critical data and its breach can lead to potentially life-threatening situations. To secure the IoT devices of heterogeneous nature, we formulated a weighted optimization problem in this work. The objective function of this problem is to secure the IoT devices while finding the best trade-off between their resource usage and throughput. To achieve the objective, we consider a pool of five different implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic schemes that offer varied resources and throughput numbers. These implementation schemes are mapped to IoT devices of heterogeneous nature. The mapping is performed through a novel adaptive framework that can consider different weights for resources and throughput to eventually find the best trade-off between the resources and throughput of an IoT-based system. This framework considers the resource and throughput requirements of different IoT devices and uses the Hungarian algorithm to adaptively map different AES implementations on them. Extensive experimentation is performed where the best trade-off is found through varying resource and throughput weight combinations. The comparison of the proposed framework with random and greedy approaches is also performed. Comparison results show that the proposed framework adaptively secures the IoT-based system while providing better resource usage and throughput results. The proposed framework provides, on average, 11% and 17% better throughput and 3% and 13% better resource usage results as compared to random and greedy approach, respectively.

For the requirement of destroying sensitive data in the disk in emergency,combined with the AES encryption algorithm,a strategy of fast destruction of disks based on encrypted storage was proposed.The principle,method and basis of the strategy were discussed in detail.Through this strategy,sensitive data in the disk can be destroyed quickly,efficiently and safely.

Encryption is an important technique to improve information security for many real-world applications. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a widely-used efficient cryptographic algorithm. Although AES is fast both in software and hardware, it is time-consuming to do data encryption especially for large amount of data. Therefore, it is a lasting effort to accelerate AES operations. This paper presents SW-AES, a parallel AES implementation on the Sunway TaihuLight, one of the fastest supercomputers in the world that takes the SW26010 processor as the basic building block. According to the architectural features of SW26010, SW-AES exploits parallelism from different levels, including (1) inter-CPE (Computing Processing Element) data parallelism that distributes tasks among the 256 on-chip CPEs, (2) intra-CPE data parallelism enabled by the Single-Instruction Multiple-Data (SIMD) instructions inside each CPE, and (3) instruction-level parallelism that pipelines memory access and the computation. In addition, corresponding to the two application scenarios, SW-AES presents scalable ways to efficiently run AES on many nodes. As a result, SW-AES can gain a maximum throughput of 13.50 GB/s on a single SW26010 node, which is 216.23 × higher than the latest parallel AES implementation on the Sunway TaihuLight, and about 37.3% higher than the latest AES implementation on the GTX 480 GPU. When running on 1024 computing nodes with each one processing 1 GB data, SW-AES can achieve a throughput of 13819.25 GB/s. On the contrast, only a throughput of 63.91 GB/s can be achieved by the latest related work on the Sunway TaihuLight. • A data layout enabling SIMD operations inside one Computing Processor Element. • An S-Box lookup strategy improving the performance of nonvectorized memory access. • A data parallelism to fully use the 256 Computing Processor Elements on a chip. • New mechanisms to scale AES operations of different scenarios to many nodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Fault-Resistant scheme has been proposed to secure the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) against Differential Fault Analysis (DFA) attack. In this paper, a hybrid countermeasure has been presented in order to protect a 32-bits AES architecture proposed for resource-constrained embedded systems. A comparative study between the most well-known fault detection schemes in terms of fault detection capabilities and implementation cost has been proposed. Based on this study, we propose a hybrid fault resistant scheme to secure the AES using the parity detection for linear operations and the time redundancy for SubBytes operation. The proposed scheme is implemented on the Virtex-5 Xilinx FPGA board in order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed fault-resistant scheme in terms of area, time costs and fault coverage (FC). Experimental results prove that the countermeasure achieves a FC with about 98,82% of the injected faults detected during the 32-bits AES process. The area overhead of the proposed countermeasure is about 14% and the additional time delay is about 13%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of any communication system with secure and complex cryptographic algorithms highly depends on concepts of data security which is crucial in the current technological world. The security and complexity of the cryptography algorithms need to get increased by randomization of secret keys. To overcome the issues associated to data security and for improvising it during encryption and decryption process over the encrypting device, a novel Secure Side Channel Assault Prevention (SSCAP) approach has been projected which will eliminate outflow of side channel messages and also provides effective security over the encrypting device. An effective Enriched AES (E-AES) encryption algorithm is proposed to reduce the side channel attack; the modified algorithm in this research shows its improvement in the Generation of Random Multiple S - Box (GRM S-Box) which makes it hard to the attacks to break the text which is in encrypted form. Our novel SSCAP approach also improves the security over the original information; it widely minimizes the leakage of the side channel information. Attackers cannot easily get a clue about the proposed S-Box Generation technique. Our E-AES algorithm will be implemented in cloud environment thereby improving the cloud security. The proposed SSCAP approach is judged against the existing security based algorithms on the scale of encryption and decryption time, time taken for generating the key, and performance. The proposed work proves to outperform over all other methods used in the past.

Credit cards are used to electronically purchased goods and services offered over the Internet. However, the existing security system in credit card payments is a one-factor authentication. This system poses security threats and possible exploits among hackers. The application of a two-factor authentication in credit card systems security over Webenabled transactions was proposed. In this system, a web application was specifically developed employing the modified AES algorithm using multiple S-Boxes. Results from simulation tests showed that the run-time performance of the combined first-factor authentication and second-factor authentication yielded an average of nine seconds. The SMS delivery was considered as a critical factor in the overall run-time performance of the proposed system. For its usability, the proposed system was perceived with a description of "excellent" based on the computed SUS score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid developments that have occurred in data security and confidentiality of information transmitted via the Internet has created the need to preserve the audio information transmitted over the network from intruders who spy on networks and Internet penetration. That led to the proposal of a new encryption algorithm for the transfer of audio data in a rapid, strong, encrypted and confidential way. The audio data compression algorithm is integrated at the third level to transfer the wave of bilateral and advanced encryption algorithm (AES) and fed so as to obtain strong encryption algorithm. The results obtained from proposed the algorithms are positive results. Any malicious intruder cannot penetrate the network and open the encryption and see the audio file. It is possible to return the original data of the audio file without losing any information by the recipient.

The incredible growth of FPGA capabilities in recent years and the new included features have made them more and more attractive for numerous embedded systems. There is however an important shortcoming concerning security of data and design. Data security implies the protection of the FPGA application in the sense that the data inside the circuit and the data transferred to/from the peripheral circuits during the communication are protected. This paper suggests a new method to support the security of any FPGA platform using network processor technology. Low cost IP2022 UBICOM network processor was used as a security shield in front of any FPGA device. It was supplied with the necessary security methods such as AES ciphering engine, SHA-1, HMAC and an embedded firewall to provide confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and packets filtering features.

Development of any communication system with secure and complex cryptographic algorithms highly depends on concepts of data security which is crucial in the current technological world. The security and complexity of the cryptography algorithms need to get increased by randomization of secret keys. To overcome the issues associated to data security and for improvising it during encryption and decryption process over the encrypting device, a novel Secure Side Channel Assault Prevention (SSCAP) approach has been projected which will eliminate outflow of side channel messages and also provides effective security over the encrypting device. An effective Enriched AES (EAES) encryption algorithm is proposed to reduce the side channel attack; the modified algorithm in this research shows its improvement in the Generation of Random Multiple S - Box (GRM S-Box) which makes it hard to the attacks to break the text which is in encrypted form. Our novel SSCAP approach also improves the security over the original information; it widely minimizes the leakage of the side channel information. Attackers cannot easily get a clue about the proposed SBox Generation technique. Our E-AES algorithm will be implemented in cloud environment thereby improving the cloud security. The proposed SSCAP approach is judged against the existing security based algorithms on the scale of encryption and decryption time, time taken for generating the key, and performance. The proposed work proves to outperform over all other methods used in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimed at the problems of poor security existing in the conventional Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, the paper presents an improved AES algorithm based on the two-dimensional Hénon and Chebyshev chaotic map which can generate an independent round key randomly. The improved algorithm overcomes the disadvantage of the initial key is unchanged in the whole encryption process using the conventional AES algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm has a more reliable security than the conventional AES algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm was developed, the AES is used for encryption and decryption the images and sounds files by expanding the block size of data to reach the maximum size of 512 bit instead 128 bit/cycle, by using the Thread API techniques, which is a break off CPU working for increasing times taken the inline encrypt or decrypt operations. The data entranced from the file by size 512 bits per cycle, is converted to one dimension matrix by block size which is 2048 bit. The method considered 4-lines using 4 AES, which in every line, one AES is working in a distinct system. Transmission and reception of encoded files could be performed by using Email programs provided that the sent file does not include the encoding key for the purpose of protecting encoded files against unauthorized access. In addition to the use of the histogram in this research by comparing the block size of images or sounds files through the encrypting or decrypting system by scanning bit to bit operations. The implement algorithm with a sample of histogram was used to ensure that the data is not changed throughout this study.

Recently, H.265/MPEG-H or high efficiency video coding (HEVC) as it is well known, has been established as better compression standard due to reduction of about 50 % bit-rate for same video quality and less bandwidth consumption, compared to its predecessor H.264/MPEG-advanced video coding standard. Many algorithms have been proposed and developed for efficient and secure streaming of multimedia files. However, these methods do not meet all the requirements of effective and secure transmission over the internet. In this paper, we present a new encryption and transmission algorithm for efficient HEVC delivery. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm is more secure and effective compared to previous algorithms used for H.264 standard and shows better overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In general, the identification and verification are done by passwords, pin number, etc., which are easily cracked by others. In order to, overcome this issue biometrics is a unique tool to authenticate an individual person. Biometric is a quantity which consists of an individual physical characteristics of fingerprint, Finger Knuckle Print (FKP), iris, face and so on. These characteristics are not easily cracked by others. Nevertheless, unimodal biometric suffers due to noise, intra class variations, spoof attacks, non-universality and some other attacks. In order to, avoid these attacks, the multimodal biometrics i.e., a combination of more modalities is adapted. They are combined with cryptography, which will give more security for physical characters of biometrics. Bio-crypto system provides the authentication as well as the confidentiality of the data. This paper proposes to improve the security of multimodal systems by generating the biometric key from fingerprint and FKP biometrics with its feature extraction using K-means algorithm. The secret value is encrypted with biometric key using symmetric Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm. This paper also, discusses about the integration of fingerprint and FKP using package model cryptographic level fusion in order to improve the overall performance of the system. The encryption process will give more authentication and security for the system. The Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) function protects the biometric data from malicious tampering and also it provides error checking functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]